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Tenerife, Canary Islands is the location of the worst aviation worst aviation disasterdisaster in history. On March 27, 1977, 583 people were killed. A KLM 747, like the one just shown, collided with a Pan Am 747 after the captain of the KLM plane started his takeoff roll without proper clearance from ATC. All aboard the KLM aircraft were killed.
This is just one example of a
Runway Incursion.
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Paul B. JonesAirworthiness
Safety Program Manager
for IA’s, and who ever will listen!
Runway Incursion Awareness
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Program Background
• Runway Incursion activities ongoing since 1990
• Action plans developed as early as 1991.
• Program one of FAA’s top five initiatives
• Administrator established higher level executive oversight
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Runway Incursion Definition
“Any occurrence at an airport involving an aircraft , vehicle, person or object on the ground that creates a collision hazard or results in loss of separation with an aircraft taking off, intending to takeoff, landing, or intending to land”
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RI Classifications
Runway incursions result from three types of surface incidents:
– Operational Errors (OE)
– Pilot Deviations (PD)
– Vehicle/Pedestrian Deviations (V/PD)
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1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
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Trends and Statistics
* 4QCY99 data is based on preliminary reports and is subject to change following final investigative results.
Earlier data has been corrected and reflects final data.
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
S1
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total1997 20 22 22 21 25 29 37 28 23 31 14 20 2921998 24 20 23 26 22 32 23 28 38 30 36 23 3251999 28 22 17 22 29 29 39 23 32 24 25 32 322*
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Southern Region Trends and Statistics
1997
OE30%
PD45%
VPD25%
1998
OE28%
PD56%
VPD16% 1999
OE25%
PD57%
VPD18%
1999
2000
2001
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Deviations by Operation Type
64
40
86
104
95
119
138
2026
39 42 45
64
44
0
30
60
90
120
150
CY93 CY94 CY95 CY96 CY97 CY98 CY99*
General Aviation (G/A)**
Commercial Aviation
*CY99 numbers not finalized yet.**Includes military and public aircraft
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Leading Causal Factors
• Situational Awareness
• Mechanic/Controller Communications “Mike fright”
• Airport taxiway familiarity
Why are you
telling me?
January 23, 2000
An mechanic/RII inspector in a Jetstream 31 on a test run-up crossed a runway without clearance, conflicting with departing traffic. Traffic departed overhead with 200 feet vertical separation.
Corrective Action: The mechanic quit the company and voluntarily surrendered his certificate.
February 29, 2000A new IA crossed an active runway without authorization . When she realized that she made a wrong turn she returned back across the runway. She claimed to be confused by the construction barricades around the terminal area.
Corrective Action: FAA LOI was issued. The repair station disciplined the employee and her AOA privileges were removed.
September 13, 1999
An rush hour commuter went around a gate, drove across a farm field onto an active runway while trying to avoid a traffic jam on a nearby highway. At the same time a Cessna was cleared for take-off.
Corrective Action: The driver was arrested. The airport installed fencing along the field.
December 10, 1999A construction delivery vehicle drove across the end of an active runway to deliver materials to a contractor. He removed three bolts on a gate to gain access to the AOA, drove around a second barricade and past several signs.
Corrective Action: Additional signs were added. The gate was better secured. Information is not available on the driver.
“Maintenance One contact grou..d aht point
sivd..sigred..uen when clear”
“Roger Ground, contact d aht point seven.. six?..uh.. *%#@, what did you say!”
“What’s he trying to tell
me?”
“What’s he trying to tell
me?”
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Read back...
All runway crossing and/or hold short instructions.
Use correct Aviation Phraseology
Roger- I have received all of your last transmission.Say Again- Repeat what you just said.Read Back- Repeat my message back to me.Negative- No, that is not correct.Verify- Request confirmation of information.Standby- Wait (not approval or denial).Affirmative- Yes.Hold- Stop where you are.Correction- An error was made in my last transmission.Unable- I can’t do it.Go Ahead- State your request (never means “proceed”)Hold short of...- Proceed to, but hold short of a specific point.Proceed- You are authorized to begin or continue moving.
Know and Understand Airport Signs
Light SignalsSteady Green - ProceedProceed
Steady Red - StopStop
F -l- a- s- h- i- n- g R- e- d - Clear the Clear the runway/taxiwayrunway/taxiway
F -l- a- s- h- i- n- g W- h- i- t- e - Return to Return to starting pointstarting point
Alternating Green and Red- Use caution- General Use caution- General warningwarning
Review Airport Layouts
As part of your planning, be familiar with the
airport.
Review Notices to
Airman (NOTAM) For runway
crossing and/or hold
short instructions.
NOTICES TO AIRMEN
_____________________
December 2,2001
U . S . D e p a r t m e n t o f T ra n s p o r t a t io n
Fe d e ra l A v ia t io n A d m in is t ra t io n
Emergency Vehicles do not have the right of way over aircraft.
Airport Operation Vehicles do not have the right of way over aircraft.
Right of Way
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PedestriansPedestrians do not have the right of way.
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Aircraft always have the right-of-way.
Check for traffic before entering any taxiway or
runway.
Turn on aircraft lights
While taxiing
Clear taxiways and active
runways
Safely, and as quickly as possible,
Clear taxiways and active
runways
…then wait for taxi instructions before further movement.
Request progressive
taxi instructions
Anytime
“Aviation Safety, is the business of all
who participate!”
“Please help spread the word of runway incursion
prevention.”
Paul B. Jones Aviation Safety Program Manager
Nashville Flight Standards District Office2 International Plaza DriveSuite 700Nashville, Tennessee 37217615-781-5430
[email protected]/fsdo/bna
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