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8/7/2019 1 1 3 Common Types of Fire Detection Protection Systems
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Fire Detection &Fire Detection &
Protection SystemsProtection Systems
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Introduction
Fire Alarm Call Points (Manual)
Alarm Sounders
Detectors
Automatic Water Sprinkler
Conclusion
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Fire Alarm Call Point
Automatic Water Sprinkler
Heat & Smoke Detectors
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General guidelines for call points:
1. Call points must not be more than
30 m apart from each other.
2. Be mounted at a height of1.4m
from the floor.
3. Free of obstructions.
4. Be mounted against contrasting
background.
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In a event of a fire,
break the glass of the
nearest manual callpoint that you have
located.
That will sound the firealarm throughout the
building.
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1. Distinct from other types of warning and continuous
ringing tone of the bell.
2. Alerts occupants about the possible occurrence of a
fire.
3. The minimum sound level produced by the soundersshall be 65 dB, or 5 dB above the background noise
level.
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1. HEAT DETECTOR
2. SMOKE DETECTOR
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1. In a fire, great amounts of heat
are produced.
2. Once the air in the room
reaches a certain temperature,the heat detector activates and
the alarm sounds off.
3. The temperature of the air
increases slowly, therefore
there will be a time lag betweenonset of fire and its detection
by the heat detector.
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1. Smoke detectors work by
detecting smoke particles in theair.
2. Smoke that is produced due to
fire triggers off the alarm.
3. Smoke detectors do not detectheat, therefore any particles in
the air (such as dust) can trigger
the alarm.
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1. Advantages
1. Detects fire and discharges
water to put out fire2. Greater access to seat (origin)
of fire.3. Lowers smoke level.
4. Cools smoke.
Safeguards1. Loss of Lives or Property.2. Less interruption to
businesses.3. Lesser Water Damage
Compared to Hose Streams.
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1. Water discharge is
restrained by a heat-
sensitive glass bulb or
valve cap.
2. Heat from the fire causes
the bulb to expand and
burst allowing the water todischarge out of the
sprinkler.
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Wet Pipe SystemStandard sprinkler system charged with
water under pressure at all times
During a fire, individual sprinklers openedby heat, water flow through the sprinklers
immediately
For premises where there is no danger ofwater in pipe freezing
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Dry Pipe System Automatic sprinklers attached to piping containing
air/nitrogen under pressure
When sprinkler opened by heat from fire, pressurereduced, water pressure can force open the valve onsupply side
Water flows into the system and out through the opensprinklers
Only used in freezing environment Cold rooms, freezer rooms
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