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be untied within 24 hours is not considere

permanent at all. (M.B. 6)

Overview Halacha Highlightesday, January 28, 27 Shevat " " " "

man 317 Seif 1 (a)man 317 Seif 1 (a)man 317 Seif 1 (a)man 317 Seif 1 (a): :::

ne who ties a permanent knot that is expertly made isne who ties a permanent knot that is expertly made isne who ties a permanent knot that is expertly made isne who ties a permanent knot that is expertly made isble, for example, a camels knot, a ships knot, theble, for example, a camels knot, a ships knot, theble, for example, a camels knot, a ships knot, theble, for example, a camels knot, a ships knot, theot on shoes and sandals that shoemakers tie to holdot on shoes and sandals that shoemakers tie to holdot on shoes and sandals that shoemakers tie to holdot on shoes and sandals that shoemakers tie to holdaps in place when manufacturing shoes and anythingaps in place when manufacturing shoes and anythingaps in place when manufacturing shoes and anythingaps in place when manufacturing shoes and anything

milar. One who ties a knot that ismilar. One who ties a knot that ismilar. One who ties a knot that ismilar. One who ties a knot that is permanent but notpermanent but notpermanent but notpermanent but notpertly made is exempt.pertly made is exempt.pertly made is exempt.pertly made is exempt. Some authorities disagree andaintain that one who ties any permanent knot, even ift expertly made, is liable. Some authorities maintainat any knot that is not intended to be untied that day ispermanent knot. Others are lenient and contend that

r up until seven days it is not considered permanentnd see below siman 314:10).

The Gemara teaches that there are three categoriesof knots, one for which one is liable to offer aChatas, one for which one is exempt and a third thatone is permitted to tie. According to Rif andRambam if the knot is permanent, meaning it isintended to remain knotted forever, and was expertlymade, one is liable to offer a Chatas. If it ispermanent but not expertly made or expertly madebut not permanent one is exempt from liability and ifit has neither characteristics it is permitted to tie theknot. According to Rashi, Rosh and other Poskim theissue of whether it was expertly made is irrelevantand the critical issue is whether the knot ispermanent. If permanent, one is liable, if the knot isintended to remain one is exempt and if the intent isto untie it that day it is permitted. Some maintainthat if it will be untied in seven days it is as if it wasintended to be untied that day. (Introduction)It is permanent even if it can be untied with onehand since it will not come undone on its own. (M.B.1)Rema disagrees with Shulchan Aruch evenconcerning a temporary knot that is not expertlymade but intended to remain for a period of time.

According to Shulchan Aruch it is permitted whereasaccording to Rema it is Rabbinically prohibited.

According to the first opinion cited by Rema if it isintended to remain for the day it is partiallypermanent and according to the second opinion if itwill be untied within seven days it is not consideredpermanent at all. (M.B. 5)

If the intent is to untie the knot after Shabbos it is notconsidered permanent at all since any knot that will

Tying a knot and then throwing it inTying a knot and then throwing it inTying a knot and then throwing it inTying a knot and then throwing it inthe trashthe trashthe trashthe trashMishnah Berurah Siman 317 Introduction

In other words, he does not designate a time in his mindIn other words, he does not designate a time in his mindIn other words, he does not designate a time in his mindIn other words, he does not designate a time in his mind

to untie itto untie itto untie itto untie it

Mishnah Berurah in his introduction writes that there is dispute amongst the Rishonim concerning the typeknot that is Biblically prohibited. According to Rif aRambam a knot must be permanent and be considered

a craftsmans knot to be Biblically prohibited whereaaccording to Rashi, Rosh and others it is Biblicalprohibited to tie a permanent knot regardless of whetherit is a craftsmans knot. Both positions agree about thedefinition of a permanent knot which is a knot that itied with the intent for it to remain tied foreveShulchan Aruch cites as an example of a permanentknot one that is tied on the edge of a boat and when theboat docks another rope is looped through thepermanent knot. A knot that is not intended to remainknotted forever is either Rabbinically prohibited o

possibly permitted altogether.There are times that a person closes something with aknot and since the item is no longer needed it is thrownaway knotted. For example, if one knots the end of agarbage bag in order to close it so that it can be easilytransported to the trash can, he does not intend to untiethat knot but on the other hand, he does not benefitfrom it remaining knotted since the bag is thrown in thetrash. Rav Nissim Karelitz ( )"""that this is a permanent knot being that the one who tiedit does not intent to undo the knot. Rav Shlomo Zalman

Auerbach ( also ini )"'"adopted this position when he ruled (in the context osewing which follows similar guidelines) that one manot close a dirty diaper since the intent is for it to remainclosed forever. However, he subsequently )retracted his opinion in accordance with a ruling ofMaharil Diskin ''"( that a knot that is t )"and then thrown in the trash is categorized as atemporary knot.