08 Spring Aop2

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2008 coreservlets.com

Part 2

Originals of Slides and Source Code for Examples:

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Topics in This Section

Implementing aspect behavior

AspectJ APIs and annotations

Spring AOP application

Java EE trainin : htt ://courses.coreservlets.com4


Aspect Behavior



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Aspect Behavior

AdviceBehavior to be applied to a set of program execution

points - ,

interest, e.g. transaction management. Advisor beans areapplied to pointcuts (a set of join points)

Spring advisor bean Implementation

Integration (one of the following)

Special interfaces org.aopalliance.aop.Advice

Java EE trainin : htt ://courses.coreservlets.com

Methods annotated with AspectJ annotations and definedwith AspectJ parameters types

6

Advice Types

Before on-critical advisor bean type

Called before method execution

Non-critical advisor bean type

Called after normal method execution After throwing

Non-critical advisor bean type

Around Critical advisor bean t e


Wraps method execution

7

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Before Advice



Before Advice

Interface org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice

Execution pointBefore method execution

TypeDoes not invoke method

Non-critical unless an error is thrown


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Before Advice Guidelines

UsesInput validation

Auditing/logging

Exception typeChecked exceptions must be coordinated with the

error s gna ure o e a v se ean Out-of-scope errors are re-thrown as

java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException

RuntimeException types may be used without

precaution


Before Advice Process

Create new advice class Implement

org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice

before(method:Method,

arguments:Object[],target:O ect :vo

throws Throwable

Re ister advice as a S rin bean

Reference from aspect


Associate with a pointcut

Integrate with Spring domain beans11

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Create Before Advice Class

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

im ort or .s rin framework.ao .MethodBeforeAdvice

public class BeforeLoggingAdviceimplements MethodBeforeAdvice {

public void before(Method method,Object[] args,

Logger.getLogger(target.getClass()).debug(target.getClass().getSimpleName()

+ "#" + method.toGenericString()+ ". args=" + Arrays.toString(args));


}

12

Register Before Advice Bean


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Reference From Aspect

reference


14

Domain Beans

classpath:/coreservletsContext.xml

-

" " " "


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Integrate Advice

import org.springframework.context.support.*;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[]args) {

BeanFactory beanFactory =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("/coreservletsContext.xml",

" "....

}}


Access and Use Beansimport org.springframework.context.support.*;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[]args) {BeanFactory beanFactory =

new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"/coreservletsContext.xml"," ".

CustomerQuery query =

(CustomerQuery) beanFactory.getBean("customerQuery");Customer customer = query.getCustomerByName("Java Joe");

}

}Standard output


MockCustomerQuery#public abstract coreservlets.Customercoreservlets.CustomerQuery.getCustomerByName(java.lang.String). args=[Java Joe]

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er e urn ng



After Returning Advice

Interface org.springframework.aop.AfterReturningAdvice

Execution point After normal method execution and exit

Type

Does not invoke method on-critical unless an error is thrown

Exception type

signature of the advised bean Out-of-scope errors are re-thrown as


ava. ang.re ec . n ec are rowa e xcep on

RuntimeException types may be used without precaution

19

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After Returning Advice


org.springframework.aop.AfterReturningAdvice Fulfill

afterReturning(returnValue:Object,

method:Method,

arguments:Object[],

target:Object):voidthrows Throwable





After Returning Advice Classimport java.lang.reflect.Method;im ort or .s rin framework.ao . AfterReturnin Advice

public class BeforeLoggingAdviceimplements AfterReturningAdvice {

public void afterReturning(Object returnValue,Method method,

,Object target) throws Throwable {

Logger.getLogger(target.getClass()).debug("exit=return[" + returnValue + "]");

}


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Register After Returning



reference


23

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Domain Beans


-

" " " "


Integrate Adviceimport org.springframework.context.support.*;

public class Main {public static void main(String[]args) {

BeanFactory beanFactory =

new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("/coreservletsContext.xml"," ".

...

}}


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Access and Use Beans


public class Main {

public static void main(String[]args) {BeanFactory beanFactory =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"/coreservletsContext.xml",

" ".CustomerQuery query =(CustomerQuery) beanFactory.getBean("customerQuery");Customer customer = query.getCustomerByName("Java Joe");

}}


Standard output

exit=return[Customer id=jjoe, name=Java Joe]


Throws Advice



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Throws Advice

Interface . . .

Interface is an empty marker with virtualized callbacks

Implementation

afterThrowing(throwable:Throwable):void

afterThrowing(method:Method,

args:Object[],

target:Object,

throwable:Throwable);

Execution point After method exit on error

Does not intercept errors originating from preceding advisors

T e


Does not invoke method

Non-critical unless an error is thrown28

Throws Advice Guidelines

Uses Adapting API error behavior

Error conformance to a domain type

Exception may be overridden by re-throwing an alternate error

Exception type Checked exceptions must be coordinated with the error

signature of the advised bean Out-of-sco e errors are re-thrown as


RuntimeException types may be used without precaution


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Throws Advice Guidelines

Overloading by type Advice bean may overload methods to support varying error

types The most recise advisin method is selected er the

Throwable type

Overloading by detail pproac s am guous

Full method implementation is selected


Throws Advice Process


org.springframework.aop.ThrowsAdvice

Define one or more interceptor methods afterThrowing(throwable:Throwable):void

afterThrowing(method:Method,

args:Object[],target:Object,

throwable:Throwable);





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Throws Advice Class

import java.lang.reflect.Method;

im ort or .s rin framework.ao .ThrowsAdvicepublic class ThrowsLoggingAdvice implements ThrowsAdvice {

public void afterThrowing(Method method, Object[] arguments, Object target, IllegalArgumentException ex) throws Throwable {

Logger.getLogger(target.getClass()).debug(

" "}public void afterThrowing(Method method

, Object[] arguments

, Object target, IllegalStateException ex) throws Throwable {

Logger.getLogger(target.getClass()).debug(


a er row ng: ega a e xcep on ;}

}32

Register Throws Advice Bean


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Advisor

reference


34

Mock Domain Classpublic class ErrorThrowingMockCustomerQueryim lements Customer uer

private Class

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Domain Beans


-value="java.lang.IllegalArgumentException" />


Integrate Adviceimport org.springframework.context.support.*;

public class Main {public static void main(String[]args) {

BeanFactory beanFactory =

new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("/coreservletsContext.xml"," ".

...

}}


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ublic class Mainpublic static void main(String[]args) {

BeanFactory beanFactory =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"/coreservletsContext.xml","/coreservletsAopContext.xml"});


" ".Customer customer = query.getCustomerByName("Java Joe");

}}

Standard output

afterThrowing: IllegalArgumentException


Except on n t rea "ma n"java.lang.IllegalArgumentException


Around Advice



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Around Advice

Interface org.springframework.aop.MethodInterceptor

Execution pointWraps method invocation

Wraps other advisors

index values

Perceives return types and errors from target beans and

Type


Critical path

40

Around Advice Guidelines

Uses Transaction management

Full templating cases

Exception may be overridden by re-throwing an alternate error

Exceptions may also be suppressed xcep on ype

Checked exceptions must be coordinated with the errorsi nature of the advised bean

Out-of-scope errors are re-thrown as



41

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Around Advice Process


org.springframework.aop.MethodInterceptor Fulfill

invoke(handle:MethodInvocation):Object

throws Throwable

Invoke tar et return handle.proceed();

Register advice as a Spring bean ean

Reference from aspect Associate with a ointcut


Integrate with Spring domain beans

42

Around Advice Classimport org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor;

public class NamedAroundAdvice

implements MethodInterceptor {

private String name;

public NamedAroundAdvice(String name){this.name = name;

}

public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation)throws Throwable {


...}

}43

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Around Advice Class Continued

...

throws Throwable {

try{log.debug("before: " + this.name);Object returnValue = invocation.proceed();log.debug("after return: " + this.name);return returnValue;

}catch(Throwable t){log.debug("after throws: " + this.name);t row t;

}

finally{" "


. .}

}...44

Register Around Advice Bean

< ean>


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Advisor

reference

- =" "


pointcut-ref="customerQueryPointcut" />

46

Domain Beans


-

" " " "


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Integrate Advice


public class Main {

public static void main(String[]args) {

BeanFactory beanFactory =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("/coreservletsContext.xml",

" "....

}}


Access and Use Beansimport org.springframework.context.support.*;ublic class Main

public static void main(String[]args) {BeanFactory beanFactory =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"/coreservletsContext.xml",

"/coreservletsAopContext.xml"});CustomerQuery query =


}}

Standard output

before: namedAroundAdvice


after return: namedAroundAdviceafter finally: namedAroundAdvice

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Advice Ordering



Around Advice

Controls Aspect execution order among similar advice types

Configuration v


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Around Advice Class

public class NamedAroundAdvice implements MethodInterceptor {

...public Object invoke(MethodInvocation inv) throws Throwable

{ try{og. e ug " e ore: " + t s.name ;Object returnValue = inv.proceed();log.debug("after return: " + this.name);

}catch(Throwable t){log.debug("after throws: " + this.name);

throw t;}

finally{" "


. .}

}}52

Configure Aspect Order


53

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BeanFactory beanFactory =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"/coreservletsContext.xml","/coreservletsAopContext.xml"});



}} Standard output

before: advisor-0before: advisor-1after return: advisor-1


after finally: advisor-1after return: advisor-0after finally: advisor-0


AspectJ Pointcuts



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AspectJ Pointcuts Introduction

DesignReuses class and method namespace for enumerating

pointcut definitions u s u e or pr ng sc ema suppor

Pointcut definitions are aggregated into an annotated

class

Classes containing pointcut elements are marked

using the @Aspect annotation


AspectJ Pointcuts Introduction

Pointcut element An annotated method, @Pointcut, represents a single pointcut

definition

The class and method combination is the uni ue ointcutidentifier .()

Pointcut methods are ublic instance methods acce t noarguments, and specify avoid return type

Pointcut expression T e po ntcut e n t on s expresse as @Pointcut annotat on

content


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AspectJ Pointcuts Process

Create new pointcut definitions class Annotate class with @Aspect

Define pointcuts

Annotate method with @Pointcut

Specify pointcut definition as @Pointcut annotation content

rea e a v ce c ass Implement an AOP Alliance interface

org.aopalliance.aop.Advice

Register advice as a Spring bean


e erence a v ce an po n cu rom aspec


Select Join Pointspublic interface CustomerQuery {

public Customer getCustomerByName(String name);

}

public interface CustomerReport {

public String getReport(String customerName);

}


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Select Join Points Continued

public class MockCustomerQuery implements CustomerQuery {

private List customers;

public MockCustomerQuery(List customers) {this.customers = customers != null? customers : new ArrayList();

}

public Customer getCustomerByName(String name) {for(Customer c : customers){if(c.getName().equals(name)){

return c;}

}


return nu ;

}}

60

Select Join Points Continuedpublic class MockCustomerReport implements CustomerReport{

private CustomerQuery query;

public MockCustomerReport(CustomerQuery query){

this.query = query;

public String getReport(String customerName){

Customer customer =

query.getCustomerByName(customerName);return customer != null


? customer.toString() : null;

}61

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Create Pointcut Definitions

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;

im ort or .as ect .lan .annotation.Pointcut

@Aspectpublic class CoreservletsPointcuts {

}


Define Pointcutsimport org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;im ort or .as ect .lan .annotation.Pointcut


@Pointcut("target(coreservlets.CustomerQuery)")public void queryLayer(){}

@Pointcut("target(coreservlets.CustomerReport)")

public void reportLayer(){}

}


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Create Advice Class

public class LoggingMethodAdvice

im lements MethodInterce torpublic Object invoke(MethodInvocation i) throws Throwable {

String buf = ...;try{Object returnValue = i.proceed();buf += "\n - ex return : " + returnValue;return returnValue;

catch(Throwable t){buf += "\n - ex error : "

+ t.getClass().getName() + " - " + t.getMessage();

throw t;}

finally{


ogger.ge ogger .ge s .ge ass . e ug u ;}

}64

Register Advice Bean

< eans>


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Define Aspect


66

Domain Beans

classpath:/coreservletsContext.xml< eans>

- =" "

=" " =" "


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BeanFactory beanFactory = ...;CustomerReport reportService =(CustomerReport) beanFactory.getBean("customerReport");reportService.getReport("Java Joe");

}Standard output

LoggingMethodAdvice- target : coreservlets.MockCustomerQuery- method : getCustomerByName[class java.lang.String]-- ex return : Customer id=jjoe, name=Java Joe

LoggingMethodAdvice- target : coreservlets.MockCustomerReport


- method : getReport[class java.lang.String]- arg values: Java Joe- ex return : Customer id=jjoe, name=Java Joe


AspectJ Advice



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AspectJ Advice Introduction

Advice class o special interfaces

Annotated with @Aspect

Annotated with advice classifier @Before

A terReturn ng

@AfterThrowing

@Around

ccess o JoinPoint, ProceedingJoinPoint, orJoinPoint.StaticPart

See org.aspectj.lang.*


n y aroun a v ce s cr t ca to target execut on

70

AspectJ Advice Introduction

Annotation contentSpecifies pointcut definition as a pointcut expression

e.g., @Around("Pointcuts.layer()")

. ., = . ,

argNames="")

Annotation ro ert ar NamesSupplies advice method parameter names to pointcut

ConfigurationReplaces Spring AOP XML schema

Annotated advisor is a Spring bean


Scanne y a ean post processor Requires element

71

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Create new pointcut definitions class Annotate class with @Aspect

Define pointcuts

Annotate method with @Pointcut

Specify pointcut definition as @Pointcut annotation content

Create advice class Annotate class with @Aspect

annotation

e.g. @Around


pec y po n cu re erence as a v ce ype anno a on con en e.g. @Around("Pointcuts.layer()")

72


Skip

Register advice as a Spring bean

Bean annotations alread contains advice t e and ointcutreference

Indirectly references aspects and pointcuts

can spec anno a ons Add post processor instruction to bean definitions

Integrate with Spring domain beans


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Select Join Points

public interface CustomerQuery {

public Customer getCustomerByName(String name);

}

public interface CustomerReport {

public String getReport(String customerName);

}


Select Join Points Continuedpublic class MockCustomerQuery implements CustomerQuery {

private List customers;

public MockCustomerQuery(List customers) {this.customers = customers != null

? customers : new ArrayList();}

public Customer getCustomerByName(String name) {for(Customer c : customers){if(c.getName().equals(name)){return c;

}

}


return nu ;}

}75

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Select Join Points Continued

public class MockCustomerReport implements CustomerReport{

private CustomerQuery query;

public MockCustomerReport(CustomerQuery query){

this.query = query;

public String getReport(String customerName){

Customer customer =

query.getCustomerByName(customerName);

return customer != null


? customer.toString() : null;

}76

Define Pointcutsimport org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;im ort or .as ect .lan .annotation.Pointcut


@Pointcut("target(coreservlets.CustomerQuery)")public void queryLayer(){}

@Pointcut("target(coreservlets.CustomerReport)")

public void reportLayer(){}

}


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Create Advice Class

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

im ort or .as ect .lan .Proceedin JoinPointimport org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;

@Aspectpublic class LoggingAroundAdvice {


Create Advice Class@Aspectublic class Lo in AroundAdvice

@Around("coreservlets.CoreservletsPointcuts.queryLayer()"+ "|| coreservlets.CoreservletsPointcuts.reportLayer()")

public Object log(ProceedingJoinPoint jp)throws Throwable {Logger log = Logger.getLogger(jp.getTarget().getClass());

try{log.debug("before");

" " " ". . .Object returnValue = jp.proceed();

log.debug("after return");return returnValue;

}

catch(Throwable t){log.debug("after throws");


row ;}

}79

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< eans>


Register Bean Postprocessor


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Domain Beans

classpath:/coreservletsContext.xml- =" "

=" " =" "


Access and Use Beansimport org.springframework.context.support.*;ublic class Main

public static void main(String[]args) {BeanFactory beanFactory = ...;CustomerReport reportService =(CustomerReport) beanFactory.getBean("customerReport");

reportService.getReport("Java Joe");}

Standard output

.coreservlets.MockCustomerReport #getReport()coreservlets.MockCustomerQuery before


coreservlets.MockCustomerQuery after returncoreservlets.MockCustomerReport after return

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S rin AOP

XML SchemaCustomized Java EE Training: http://courses.coreservlets.com/

Servlets, JSP, Struts, JSF/MyFaces/Facelets, Ajax, GWT, Spring, Hibernate/JPA, Java 5 & 6.


AspectJ Advice with Spring

Advice class o special interfaces

No annotations

Uses AspectJ API JoinPoint, ProceedingJoinPoint, or

JoinPoint.StaticPart

. . .

Only around advice is critical to target execution

Pointcut Defined by Spring AOP XML Schema


Defined by Spring AOP XML Schema

85

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Process

Create advice class Optionally specify a join point parameter

Required for around advice typeS ecif return t e for around advice t e

Register advice bean

e ne po n cu

Declare pointcut ID and expression

Define aspect


Reference advisor bean

86

Create Advice Classimport org.apache.log4j.Logger;im ort or .as ect .lan .Proceedin JoinPoint

public class LoggingAroundAdvice {public Object log(ProceedingJoinPoint jp)throws Throwable {

Logger log = Logger.getLogger(jp.getTarget().getClass());try{

log.debug("before");log.debug("#" + jp.getSignature().getName() + "()");

.log.debug("after return");

return returnValue;}catch(Throwable t){

log.debug("after throws");throw t;


}

}87

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< eans>


Define Pointcut


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Define Pointcut

- =" " =" "


90

Domain Beans

classpath:/coreservletsContext.xml< eans>

- =" "

=" " =" "


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BeanFactory beanFactory = ...;CustomerReport reportService =(CustomerReport) beanFactory.getBean("customerReport");reportService.getReport("Java Joe");

}

Standard output

.coreservlets.MockCustomerReport #getReport()

coreservlets.MockCustomerQuery before


coreservlets.MockCustomerQuery after returncoreservlets.MockCustomerReport after return


pr ng



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JDBC Transaction Management

ApplicationTransaction management over DAO persistence methods

Elements ata ource

Provides java.sql.Connection access/factory API

Integrates with RDBMS

DAO beans Identifies candidate transaction boundaries

Implements JDBC transaction management algorithms;

e.g. JTA


JDBC Transaction Management

Spring AOPAdvice

Abstracts transaction management services as a SpringAOP bean advisor

Pointcut Identifies persistence methods exposed by DAO beans

spec Associates transaction management bean advisor with a

pointcut


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Process

Develop persistence library .

coreservlets.CustomerBatchPersistence

coreservlets.SpringJdbcCustomerBatchPersistence

spring-core.jar, spring-context.jar, spring-beans.jar, spring-aop.jar,

aopalliance.jar, aspectjweaver.jar, cglib.jar, commons-logging.jar

e.g., classpath:/coreservletsPersistenceContext.xml

Register persistence beans " ". .,

class="coreservlets.CustomerBatchPersistence"/>

Inject dependencies


. .,

Process

Create advice euse a v ce mp emen a on rom spr ng- x

spring-tx advice delegates transaction manager algorithms to aPlatformTransactionManager service

Re ister a PlatformTransactionManagerbean and in ect a DataSource

Create Spring AOP/TX definitions file classpath:/coreservletsTxContext.xml

- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd

Register advice bean

Create element

Reference the PlatformTransactionManager and DataSource beans

Define transaction ro erties


Propagation (REQUIRED, REQUIRED_NEW, NESTED)

Read-only

Timeout97

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Process

Create pointcut definitions pec y program o n po n s us ng po n cu e n ons

e.g., execution(* coreservlets.CustomerBatchPersistence.*(..))

Define aspect Reference advisor and pointcut

reate e ements

Initialize the container Initialize BeanFactory using all bean definitions

classpath:/coreservletsPersistenceContext.xml

classpath:/coreservletsTxContext.xml

classpath:/coreservletsDataSourceContext.xml


Access and use beans e.g., CustomerBatchPersistence dao =

(CustomerBatchPersistence) beanFactory.getBean();98

Develop Persistence Librarypublic interface CustomerBatchPersistence {

public void insert(Customer...customers);

public int getCustomerCount();

}


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Develop Persistence Library

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.*;

public class SpringJdbcCustomerBatchPersistence

implements CustomerBatchPersistence {

private SimpleJdbcTemplate simpleJdbc;

public SpringJdbcCustomerBatchPersistence(DataSource dataSource) {

.}

public int getCustomerCount(){

return simpleJdbc.queryForInt("select count(*) from customer");}


pu c vo nser us omer...cus omers...

}100

Develop Persistence Libraryimport org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.*;

public class SpringJdbcCustomerBatchPersistenceimplements CustomerBatchPersistence {...public void insert(Customer...customers) {

if(customers == null){return;

for(Customer customer : customers){

simpleJdbc.update("insert into customer (id, name)"+ " values (?, ?)",

customer.getId(),customer.getName());


}

}101

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Create Spring AOP/TX


Register Transaction Manager


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" *" " " - " "/>


Define Pointcut

...


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Define Aspect

...


< aop:con g>

108

Initialize Containerimport org.springframework.context.support.*;ublic class Main

public static void main(String[]args) {BeanFactory beanFactory =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"/coreservletsPersistenceContext.xml",

"/coreservletsTxContext.xml","/coreservletsDataSourceContext.xml"});

(CustomerBatchPersistence)

beanFactory.getBean("customerBatchPersistence");...

}


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Test Transaction Manager

try{

dao.insertnew Customer("dup-id","dup-name"),

new Customer("dup-id","dup-name"));throw new IllegalStateException("Failed. assertion."+ " Expected an error inserting duplicate records.");

}catch(Exception expected){

.System.out.printf("Row count changed? %s%n",rowCountModified);

if(rowCountModified){

throw new IllegalStateException("Failed. assertion."+ " Rollback failed.");

}


Standard output

Row count changed? false


rap-up



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Summary

Implementing advice AOP alliance APIs

e.g. org.aopalliance.aop.Advice As ectJ annotation su ort

@Aspect with advice type annotations; e.g. @Around

AspectJ conventions and AspectJ-typed parameters mapped byS rin AOP XML schema su ort log(joinPoint:ProceedingJoinPoint):void

throws Throwable

Spring AOP XML schema support


AspectJ annotations @Aspect and @Pointcut

112

Summary Continued

Defining aspectsSpring AOP XML schema support

For referencing advice classes implementing AOP alliance APIs

For referencing advice class using AspectJ APIs

@Aspect with an advice-classifying annotation

such as @Around

equ res


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ues ons



Documents

08 Spring Aop2