Mp J o s a ~ a Mu~~y~unoncrii, acHCTeHr r - I IpHnpaRIMK UDK: 37.014.5 @MJIO~O+CKH + ~ K Y J I T ~ T n p e r n e ~ ~ ~ s n a ~ a ~ HOBH Can ~ ~ H M J I , ~ H : 8. V 2003.

BIBLID: 0553-4569,49 (2003), 5-6, p 394-407

MH<DOPMAJIHO OEPA30BAbE - IIOJMOBHM OKBMP I4 KAPAKTEPI4CTmKE'"

Y IUe~c172y ce p a 3 ~ a ~ E p a iic1lZafie geqbutluru~je 11 tlaooge ~npaxlZiepuciLi~llce u t i+op~anf io? 06pa3ooatba. Y p a 3 a ~ i j e t l ~ ~ ~ ~ 3 e ~ b a ~ a c i i c ~ 2 e ~ o ~ 06pa3ooafia o6y- xaallia ce UlKonooafie ~ n a g u x 11 oppacnux, rze&op~antlo 06pn3ooa&e, a coe ce oil-

uie i iawfie iiolcnafia u i i t l q b o p ~ a n ~ o ~ 06pa3ooafiy. T o iiipe6a 9a c n ~ g e I L 3 e ~ ~ b e y ulpatl3uliuju ~ o j e mene ga y4y y Eopo~iclcy ytllijy. C ~ a r Z p a ce yil elcciinuliurZitlrije ciueptiurie iipocoectle iionclul~ilce y ceZ~etlcEy i i t lqbop~anrro~ o6pa3oontba ~ o z y ga 06e36ege olcoup y ~ y i i i a p KojeZ he ce L ~ C K O ~ L ~ ~ L ~ ~ U L ~ L L LI pasouLuc1 u~irpolc~r p a c u o ~ uaoopa 06paaooafia y t ly~Zap u oatl rurconclcux utlciLiul;iTlyli~ija. np l t GOMP, pa.300; ~ i t t # o p ~ a n t i u x o 6 n u ~ a o6pa3ooatba 2 p e 6 a 9a ilie~le y o r c o ~ ~ p u ~ a g o ~ u o o r E t l o ~ yve f ia tiao 06pasoafie ccpatEe2uje. K o n u ~ ~ i i l r p a ~ b e . ~ oaclll~rE~o-o6pipa30[11ioT CIL- clTleda, i!ge he coalco 6ulTl~i y iiplinuliu ya cnegu fiaLlcrn o6pa3ooa~ba lcoju je cnM uiza6pa0, y ~ e c i i i o ga 6yge i i p u ~ o p a t l ga cne911 yuaiipeg ogpebetl uylZ i i p e ~ a 3aga- MOM ~ ( u ~ b y , LL LuupefieM culpaLueZr~je 9ox~~ooLUt lo2 yLietba, cluaapaao ycnoae 3a co- iiujantiu, ~ I C O M O M C ~ ~ U , ~ y n i i l y p t l ~ ~ 11 ~ I C O A O U L K L L pa300j 3 e ~ ~ b e , ycnooe 3a iilpajtlu pn- 360; 06pa3ooafia, ~bygctirtx pecypca u iioc72etlll~ijana, iiij. u3Zpagny ,,gpyuliiioa ~ o j e y 911 ('.

Y n p y r O j IIOJIORHHH 20. B e K a gORCK je OTBOPHO B p a T a BCJIMKMM HayTIHO-TeX-

HOJIOIIIKHM H APYIlITBeHHM I I p O M e H a M a H TMMC C e C y O ~ I H O C a 6 p O j H H M IIOCJICflHI[aMa

THX IIpOMCHa. C a B p e M e H k i X H B O T I I p y X H O ;C I ~ O ~ C ~ M F I I ~ H M ~ 1 3 e h c IIpMJIHKe H M O r y h -

HOCTH ~ 3 6 o p a , aJIH J e HCTO T a K O K p C H p a O H H o R e pM3HKe H HeH3HeCHOCTH Y CBaKOJI-

HeBHOM X<ABOTy. O B e ~ 0 r y h H 0 c l . A H pH3HIJM I I p e H e c e H M C p H a ~ ~ O J H C HalIHHC H y CaM B ~ C ~ M T H O - O ~ ~ ~ ~ O H H E I CHCTeM KOJH MOP23 H ~ C T O J X ~ H na y B a > K a B a iIOCJICflHqe THX

rrpoqeca. Kana ce y s ~ e y oGsap a w m e H M I X a j l a H a m a 3 e ~ a a T ~ C H Y T R O 1 1 p o n a 3 ~

K P 0 3 A Y ~ O K ~ c O ~ A J ~ ~ ~ H O - ~ O ~ H T H ~ I K ~ , eKOHOMCKC, KYJITYl7He Pi ,!(p>I<aBHC T p a ~ c Q O p -

Mp .lo~jaaa M ~ n y V M I I O I ~ M ~ : MHC1)OPMAJIHO OEPA30RAbE - IIOJMOBHI4 OIZBMP M...

~aqvrje ( o n m ~ a n e ~ o ~ p a ~ ~ l s a q t i j a c o q ~ j a n ~ a x onsoca, npenas K a TPXHLUHO~ I I ~ I I -

B p e n H , n p a n p e M a 3a ~ a ~ e r p a q ~ j y y e e p o n c K e T o K o n e H C T p y K T y p e I I T ~ . ) j a ~ n a ce 11o~pe6a 3 a ~ ~ K O H C T P Y K ~ I ~ ~ O M H T ~ ~ H C @ O P M ~ ~ M ~ O M q e J I O K y n H O r CHCTeMa B a C n H T a -

%a H 06pa30~ana KOn HaC, H TO y KeI'OBHM C @ O ~ M ~ J I H H M , H ~ @ o ~ M ~ J I H H M H HH@Op-

MaJIHHM CerMeHTHMa.

P a 3 B O j HOBe H H @ O P M ~ T H ~ K C T ~ X H O J I O T . ~ ~ , ~ ~ , HaYKIHH II TCXHHYKH H a I I p e A a K

OTBOPHO je BeJIHKe M O ~ ~ ~ H O C T H y4eKa y CBaKOi[HeBHOM XHBOTY, LIITO je pe3yJ ITH-

p a J r o T a M c A a je r r r K o n a rrorrena na r y 6 ~ M o s o n o n H a g s ~ a ~ l e ~ H y 9 e n e M . H a c T a B -

H H L ~ M B H I I I ~ HHCY ~ ~ I ~ M H H H ~ B O P ~ ~ @ o p ~ a q k ~ j a , a u I K o n a B m I e H H ~ C jentiaa 06pason- H a y c T a H o s a , I r a npeaomene ~ a @ o p ~ a q a j a H a a T m H naxose ~ ~ ~ e p r r p e ~ a q ~ j e , K a o

H o n r o n o p H o c T 3a y T I e n e , u H u I e ~ ~ j e n e H o ~ K C K J I ~ ~ H B H O npaso H 06a~esa. l o no- c ~ a j e u I M p o K a O n r o n o p H o c T q e n o K y I I H e 3 a j e g ~ ~ q e . 3 a ~ o ce y HOBHM y c n o B H M a pe- d p 0 p M a 06pa30sana H e CMe PCflyKOBaTH CaMO H a p e @ O p M y + o ~ M ~ J I H H x BaCnHTHO-

0 6 p a 3 0 B H M x EIHCTLITYI[M,~~. OCHM TOT.& LUKOJIa C e AaHaC HaJ Ia3H y CBe B e h 0 J KPH3H

(cyocreatl CMO ca cue sehrn~ p a c K o p a K o M ~ 3 ~ e $ y 3 a a n a ~ o j a naje L u K o n a H oaor K O , ; ~ jc n o ~ p e 6 ~ 0 y CaBpCMCHOM XHBOTY). K p ~ s a 06pasosa~a je Ha3HB 3a H e n o -

C'rilTKC c a u p e M e a o r I r r K o n c K o r ck i cTeMa , ~ j . 3 a 11po6ne~ ~eonro~apajyher H ~ p o - MOT. n e n o ~ a ~ l a r r I K o n e H I - ~ ~ H H X R e o M a CIIOPHX n p o M e H a H a c y I I p o T 6 ~ 3 1 1 ~ H p a n H -

KaJlHHM I I p O M e H a M a y CBaKO)[HeBHOM >KHBOTY H pa f ly .

EKOHOMCKB HeH3BeCHOCT H MaCOBHa He3aIIOCJIeHOCT T ~ K O $ ~ CY ocna6~ne crapryc + o p ~ a n a o r o6pa3o~ana H Tame 0 6 p a ~ o ~ a ~ e mrue ~ ~ j e c H r y p H a mne- CTMLpiia 321 ~ Y ~ Y ~ H O C T . @OPM~JIHH B ~ C I I M T H O - 0 6 p a 3 0 B ~ H CHCTeM CC pa3BH,iaO KaKO

614 m s a ~ t r a o y cycpcrr 11wrpe6a~a passoja H H ~ Y C T P H ~ C K O ~ g p y u ~ ~ n a , UTO B H U I ~ ~ ~ j e JJOBOJLHO y napklNMrMH ,,RpyLIITBa K O j e yKIH". Y II(>CTHH~~YCTPH~CKOM HJIH IIOCTMO-

nCpHOM BPCMCHY CBe CC TIHHM TeII IKO rlpe)JRI4r[JLMRHM. TO I IpHCHJbaBa I I o ~ ~ R M H L ( ~ H

~ P Y L U T I ~ O j l a nocraay @ J I ~ K C H ~ H J I H H ~ H H A a p a ~ ~ ~ j y I r p H n a r o n w m e H o p M e 3a a K q H -

jy, ILITO ,ie ~ c ~ ~ H H H HaYHH a ,Qa I ITHpa f i a IIPOMeHJLHBHM YCJIOBHMa ki HOBHM IKHROT-

IIMM ~ H T y a q k i j a M a . ~ K O J I C K H CHCTeM BHIIIe ~ H j e y M O ~ Y ~ H O C T H na y B e f l e )JOBOJbHO

@JI~KcH~HJIHOCTM y C R O ~ ~ r I e J l a rOI I IKe MeTOf l e H KYPHKYJIYM. I?CTOBP~M~HO, M0T.yh-

HOCTH 6 ~ 3 0 ~ . n p e T p a > K H B a H > a HaYgHHX H H @ o P M ~ ~ M ~ ~ M FbHXOBO ~ O p H L I I h e f i e OMO-

ry'tia~a ~ K T H B H O ysene n a H @ o p ~ a n a ~ x K H C T H T ~ ~ H ~ ~ 06paso~ana . C a B p e M e H k i X H B O T T p a l K H O n J b y n H ,Qa 6yny @JICKCH~HJIHI I~H, KOMYHHKBTIIB-

H H ~ H H O C ~ O C O ~ J ~ C H M ~ H 38 pan y THMOBHMa ( K O O ~ ~ ~ ~ T H B H O P e I I I a B a B e npo6ne~a). C ~ a ~ f i a p f l M 3 0 B a ~ k i MOAeJI MHt I I JLeKa , PYTHHHPaHH n p O q e C PaAa H crra6~naa CTPYK-

T y p a 3 H a n a BHIl Ie HHCY TOJIHKO PeJ I eBaHTHH K a O ILITO Cy 611~1~ y H H ~ ~ C T P H J C K O M

~ ~ Y L U T B Y . Aaaac ~ ~ j e npmxnaTn,nso na ce ~ e s ~ j e 0 6 p a s o s a 1 - a e 3anpu11 H a n y m r r a -

H,CM IIIKOJIe HJIH YHHReP3MTCTa. 3 ~ a ~ a , BelI ITIIHe H p a 3 y M e B a B a ~ 0 j a C e CTeKHY Y n o p o n H q M , I I IKonH H H a @ a ~ y n ~ e , r y H a c y R o B o a H a 3 a qeo X a B o T . Iho6anasaq~ja ~ ~ @ o p ~ a q ~ i a H T P > I < H U ~ ~ pama, noncmqane ~ e h e MO~HJIHOCTH C T p y I n a K a 3ax~e - Na H a c T a n a K yse=a K P O ~ 11e0 >KHBOT. 3 a ~ 0 o 6 p a s o ~ a ~ e ~ p e 6 a ga m a 3a ~ H J L na 0 6 e 3 6 e n ~ ~ O > I < H B O T H ~ ~ o r y h ~ o c ~ ~ l 3 a c~mqane H yceajane onrosapajyh~x HH@OP-

~ a r t ~ j a , B p e n H o c T M , B e m r r n H a , c r p a ~ e r ~ j a , noaaruana H n p a K T a L I H o r parla H TO y LUHPOKOM O ~ E I M Y @oPM~JIHHx, HC@OPM~JIHHX H HH@OPM~JIHHX C p e A H H a Y I e I b a . Ha- K n e , IIpOL[CC 06pasonana H e MO>Ke C e P e n y K O B a T H H a y C I e K e CaMO y HHCTHTyqHja-

M a @ o p ~ a n ~ o r 06pa30na~,a. J b y n ~ y L I e H e c a M o y r t I K o n a M a neh H H a p a n H a M M e -

c.17HMa H y ~ ~ ~ J I H ~ I H T H M c o 1 ~ H j a n ~ H ~ c ~ ~ y a q ~ j a ~ a M 3 a ~ 0 HX ~ p e 6 a O C ~ O C O ~ H T H sa

IIEAATOUII<A CTBAPHOCT, XLIX, 5-6 (2003), HOHM Call

CaMOCTaJlHO YYehe H Kop~LUheKe CBHX nOCTYnHHX O ~ J I E I K ~ 06pasosana. Y BpeMe- ~y y ~ o j e ~ XHBHMO 3 a x ~ e ~ a ce, mrue Hero maria paakije, csaKonHeBHo yseKe Ka- KO ~ H C M O ~ O ~ O J ~ I I I ~ J I H KBaJIHTeT XHBOTa H YCneLIIHO PaAHnH y CaBpeMeHHM YCJIO- BaMa. C j e x ~ e cTpaHe n o ~ p e 6 ~ 0 je seiiy naxny y n e ~ a r o r u ~ o j ~ e o p a j a H npaKcH IIOCBeTMTH noflpys~y BaHUIKOJlCKOr 06pa3osana, UOK je Ca JJpyre n o ~ p e 6 ~ 0 )'Ha- IIpefje~e KBaJIHTeTa MCTOAa ysefba H IlOy.IaBaKa y IIIKOJICKOM OKpyXeKy. ~ ICTO- npehfeao, noc~ojr? no~pe6a 3a p e n e @ ~ ~ ~ c a n e ~ KoHqenTa yseKa H 3a KoHTeKcrya- JIH30BaKeM ysena y CBaKOnHeBHH XHBOT H panHO OKpy>Kebe.

Y p a 3 s a j e ~ a ~ s e ~ ~ b a ~ a CncTeMoM 06pasosana 06yxsa~a ce LueonoBafie MnaRnx H oRpacnHx, ~ e @ o p ~ a n ~ o 06paso~ane, a cBe ce sHme na>KKe noenana H

I I H @ O ~ M ~ ~ H O M 06pa30sa~y. To ~ p e 6 a ,qa cnene a s e ~ ~ b e y T ~ ~ H ~ H I ~ H ~ H ~ o j e xenc Ra yby y EB~OIICKY y ~ q y (CLupa~ZeZuja pa3oiiLu~a P e i i y 6 ~ ~ c ~ e XpoaLLlc~e y 21. cEo&ehy - XpoaLucKa y 21. c&ohehy, 2001). EKCIIJIHI&EITHHJ~ CMepHHqe npOCl3eT- He nOJIHTklKC y CerMeHTy H H @ o ~ M ~ J I H O ~ 06pa30sa~a MOry na 06e36ene OKUHP yHyTap ~ o j e r he ce HCKOPHCTHTH H ~ ~ ~ B H T H LIIHPOKH pacnoH H ~ B O P ~ o6pa3o~ana YHyTap H BaH IIIKOnCKHX H H C T H T ~ ~ H ~ ~ . ~PBJIEIKOM KpeHpafia 06pa30BHe CTpaTerH- Je y KOHTeKCTY HaqHOHaJIHHX p a 3 ~ 0 . j ~ ~ ~ lIJIaHOl3a ~pe6ano 614 na Ce o 6 p a ~ ~ Beha naxna noppy~jy H H @ O P M ~ ~ H O ~ 06pa30sana, jep ce ynpano y KeMy ~ a n a s e OrpOMHe HeHCKOpHIIITeHe pe3epBe. K O H ~ ~ I H O , BaXHO Je HanOMeHyTH Ua je IIkiTane ~ e + ~ ? ~ a q ~ j e + o p ~ a n ~ o r , ~ e + o p ~ a n ~ o r H a ~ ~ @ o p ~ a n ~ o r 06pa30~a~ba H on sena- Kor npaKTawor s ~ a ~ ~ a j a , jep ~ e n o c ~ o j a n e n o j ~ o s ~ e jac~oke sa~ykyje pacnpaBe H

oMePra nonHTncIKe, nnaHcKe a nporpaMcKe a ~ q ~ j e (X. C. Eona, 1896, c ~ p . 216).

Yc~ene, cTaqaBe O ~ ~ ~ ~ O B ~ H O C T H H s ~ a ~ a Moxe ce O D B H ~ ~ T H K P O ~ pa3~1am- Te 0 6 n ~ ~ e 06pasosana. C a ~ p e ~ e ~ e ~ e ~ n e ~ q a j e y o6pa30~a%y, canpXaHe y .IH- KeHHqH 0 no~pe6a 3a ROXHBOTHMM ycIe&eM, HCTHYY O G J I H K ~ @ o P M ~ J I H o ~ , He@op- ManHor ti H H @ O ~ M ~ ~ H O ~ 06pa30sana. T ~ ~ M H H H , , @ o ~ M ~ ~ H o " , , , H ~ @ o ~ M ~ J I H o " H

, , a ~ c p o p ~ a n ~ o 06pa30~ane" npm nyT cy ce nolrenH KOPHCTMTH nenecemx ronnaa 20. BeKa, a no HaxoBor nafier 06jamnena n o n a s ~ ceRaMneceTHx roaHaa, y3 ma- p o ~ o nptixsaTaKe TpocTeneHe ~ n a c ~ @ ~ ~ a q ~ j e : @ O P M ~ ~ H O , ~ e @ o p ~ a n ~ o H HH-

@OpMaJIHO 06pasosane. ~ O K Y M ~ H T C B ~ T C K ~ 6aH~e je Ha cneuehti HaYHH A ~ @ H H L I C ~ O pa3JIllKY H3Me-

$y @op~anaor , ~ e @ o p ~ a n ~ o r H tia@op~anaor ( c n o ~ ~ a ~ o r , n p a p o ~ ~ o r ) 06paso- saKa: , , H a s ~ ~ a npyxasa - Gop~anao, ~ e a o p ~ a n ~ o a cnomaHo - RaHac ce cMa- ~ p a j y He aJITepHaTHBHHM, seh KOMIIJIeMeHTapHEiM ,QeJIaTHOCTHMa y OKBHpy je~H0r Te HCTOr CHCTeMa. @ O P M ~ J I H O 06pasosane - HHCTHTyqHOHaJIH3OBaH, IIOReJbeH Ha pa3pene PI ~Hjepap~llj~KH CTPYKTYPHpaH 06pa30BH~ CHCTeM K O ~ H IIOKPHBa OCHOB-

HO, CpeflKe H BHCOKO 06pasosa~e - H ~ J ~ ~ C T ~ K H Y T H ~ H je HagHH H3~0$eFba 06pa30- Bans. CIIOHT~HO 06pa30sa~e - HeOpraHH3OBaH, AOXHBOTHH IIpOqeC KOJHM CBaKO CTIlUe 3Ha%a, BCIIITHHe H CTaBORe KpO3 IlCKYCTBO H AOAHP C ApYrElMa - 06e36ebyje Baxas OCHOB, anH He Moxe ga @ ~ H K ~ H O H M ~ ~ Kao s a ~ e ~ a 3a @ o p ~ a n ~ o a ~ e @ o p - ManHo 06pa30sahe a ocnoco6~ba~ane. He@OpManHO 06pa30sane -- opra~a30sa- Ha H CHCTeMaTCKa aKTHBHOCT YYeEba K O J ~ Ce 0flBkija BaH @ o ~ M ~ J I H o I ' CHCTeMa - HH-

Mp Jo13a11a Mllny'rll~olrllti: MH(1,OPMAJIHO OEPA3OBAIbE - IIOJMOBHM OI<BMP M...

je HH aJITepHaTHBZi 0 6 p a 3 0 ~ ~ 0 ~ CHCTCMY, HH I1perIHqa a0 y6p3a~or o6pa3o~asa CTaHoBHmnTBa. He@opManHo o6pa3o~ase H ocnoco6~basane cy npe Apyra npa- nnea 3a ycIefie omMa ~ o j a cy n p o n y ~ ~ ~ n ~ Q o p ~ a n a o meonoeane; o ~ o o~orykyje CeOCKOM H CHPOMaUIHOM rPanCKOM CTaHOBHHIIlTBY na y OKBHPY IIpOrpaMa ,HHTe- rpHcaHor pa3~0ja' CTeKHY KOPHCHa 3Halba, CTaBOBe H CIIOCO~HOCTH. OH0 06esQe- $yje p a 3 ~ o s p c ~ e aKTEiBHocTH ysesa ~ o j e cy HenocpenHo sesaae 3a pan" ( n p e ~ a : X. C. Eona, 1986, c ~ p . 216-7).

Tpe6a AonaTH na ce ~ l s ~ e i j y @ o p ~ a n ~ o r , we@op~anwor H a ~ @ o p ~ a n ~ o r 06pasonasa npaee p a s n ~ ~ e H y norneny H H C T H T ~ ~ H O H ~ J I H O ~ KoHTeKcTa npyxaba ( I ~ P ~ ~ O B H H X ycnyra, H y norncny I I ~ H ~ O A C aHcTaTyqHoaanHHx npoqeca H qHfiesa (X. C. Eona, 1986). @ o p ~ a n ~ o o6pa3ooafie cspcTaBa ce y oHe o6nnee o6pa3o~a- %a ~ q j a ce rrojasfiyjy y + o p ~ a n ~ ~ ~ , LrrKoncKm H H C T H T Y I ~ H ~ ~ M ~ ~ o j e y ~ ~ p $ y j y Me- Tone, Mo,qene a o6naee HacTaBe a e ~ a n y a q ~ j e . Y lrpouecy npHnpeMe OHHX K O ~ H

y.re 3a Gy,qyfi~ XHROT o ~ e M H C T M T ~ ~ H ~ C , yc~epasajy, c ~ e n e ~ y j y H ossaawlasajy c ~ o j e AmnnoMqe 3a o6anfianc rIocnona H sa cTxryc y crrofiaru%eM cnevry. Q o p ~ a n - HO o 6 p a s o s a ~ e nopen msononana o6yxsa~a a pasnaC1a~e spcTe ~ e ~ r a j e ~ a ca npa- 3HaTHM HCIIHTHMil, AHnJIOML1Ma H K B ~ J I I ~ + E I K ~ ~ H ~ ~ M ~ . Y AaHaLLIhe BpeMe TePMHH , , + o p ~ a n ~ o o6paso~ane" <IecTo ce s a ~ e s y j e ~ 3 p a 3 o ~ , , n o g e ~ ~ o " HJIH , , ~ ~ k ~ q k ~ j a n - HO o6pa3osame" 3a p a s n ~ ~ y o,q , , ~ a c ~ ~ j e r " HnH ,,rIpoAyxeHor 06pa30~ana" (IS. Diierr, B. Cnajak-Bp~aur, I. Ferreira Martins, 2002).

coq~janaax H npo@ccaoaana~x ~ o ~ n e ~ e ~ q ~ j a , Kao H p e a n ~ 3 a ~ ~ j ~ ApyIuTBeHHx qHfieBa. O A B E I ~ ~ Ce He3aBllCHO O n cnyx6eaor CHCTeMa o6pasosa%a H 06119~0 He BOAH cTaqafiy c n y x 6 e ~ ~ x nompna (A Memorandum on Lifelong Learning, 2000). OpraHk130~aHo je, anH Hkl,je noTnyH0 Ei @ o ~ M ~ J I H o HHCTHTyqHOHanH30BaHO; CHCTe- MaTcKo je, anH ~ t i j e PYTHHCKO. H e ~ o p ~ a n ~ o o6pasonahe je A ~ + H H M C ~ H O Kao

~ O j a ~ p e 6 a Aa o6c36e,q~ CeJleKTHBHC THIIOBe ycIeHGi ~ O C ~ ~ H H M IlOnrpj'naMa CTa- HoBHaIrrTsa, ogpacnEiMa, Kao a Aeqa" (P. H. Coombs, M. Ahmed, npeMa: X. C. Sona, 1986, c ~ p . 213). n p e ~ n a 11oc~oje ~ s s e c ~ e H H C T H T ~ I J H ~ ~ o p r a ~ ~ 3 o s a ~ e rrpapone, OHe Cy y OJJHOCy Ha HHCTHTYIJM~C @ O P M ~ J I H O ~ 06pa3osasa Mane @opMaJIHe H no CaRPXRHM H no MeTOAN H o6naey HaCTaBe. Mc~oge HaCTaBe cIeCTO BapHpajy, a no- HCKaA Cy H HHOBaTHBHe; 3aAaIJH HaCTaBe Cy H yTHnHTapHM H HenOCPeAHH (X. C. Eons, 1986, c ~ p . 217). H e @ o p ~ a n ~ o o 6 p a 3 o ~ a ~ e o6yxsa.ra UIHPOK 11360~ nporpa- Ma o6pasonana. Opra~asyjy ra passe npmpenHe, npyuITseHc H IronaTarIKe aH-

swran H H ~ ~ O ~ P O B O J ~ H H X oprasasaqllja. N~i$op&afltio o6pa3oaafie ,je npHpOAHa l10jaBa CBaKOAHCBHOr >KHBOTa H

O A B H J ~ Ce y RPYLUTBeHHM H H C T H T ~ ~ H J ~ I M ~ KaO UITO Cy nOpO)Jllqa, 6 p a ~ , rpyne BpIIIBaKa, PaAHe rpyne H CJI. OH0 HMa 3a9eTaK Y CTaPHM KJ'JITypaMa me je 6 ~ n o H3paXeHO Kp03 PMTyaJIe H peJIHrHjc~e o6pe~e . Y CaBpeMeHHM npYrUTBMMa BHCOKe T ~ X H O J I O ~ H ~ ~ H MaCOBHe KYJlTYpe, R H @ O ~ M ~ ~ H O o6paso~ane o6a~majy H CpeACTBa MaCOBHOr OnIIITeH,a, H H C T I ? T Y ~ H ~ ~ jaBH0r M H @ O P M I I C B ~ ~ H KYJITYpe, a HOBH nOMe- Ta ~ ~ + o p ~ a n ~ o r o6pasonasa o~sapajy ce nyTeM TexHonomKMx a ~ o ~ a q ~ j a (HH-

FlEflATOILlI<A CTBAPHOC'T, XLIX, 5-6 (2003), H O I ~ M Gal(

T e p H e T , ,,co@~uep'' H en.). L J ~ f i e n ~ a ~ @ o p ~ a n ~ o r 06pasoeana cy ~ e b y r e ~ e p a q n j - CKO I IpeHOI I lCBC BpeAHOCTH M cnoco6~oc . r~ H I I O y I a B a E L e KYJITYPHHM H O p M a M a

(PICTO). npoqec H a C T a B e je IIO IIpHpOflH c ~ ~ 6 a o s a MSMC$Y yTIeHHKa Pi CpeAHHC, me je o ~ a j K O ~ M Y'CIM c s e c T a H cuoje ynore yKreHHKa Y K ~ Y ~ I C H O ~ y m c s e r p E i c a H , e HOBHX

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M o r y f i e y IIOTIIyHOCTll CnpOBeCTH, jep C e y CTBapHOCTll OHM M ~ $ Y C O ~ H O rrpenn~hy. ~ H C T M H K I J H J ~ o ~ J I H K ~ 06pasosa~a H a @opMaJ IHO, H ~ @ . ~ ~ M ~ J I I I o Pi M H @ O ~ M ~ J I H O y B ~ J I M K o ~ ~ M e p H je anMllHHCTpaTMBHa, jep JbYAH IIoJ"aL3ajy M O P I ? ~ H E ~ ~ Y J Y BaCnkITHO-

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peqcrru~je (X. C. E;ona, 1986, c ~ p . 218). Ca Apyre C T p a H e , TCUIKO je HaI IpaBHTH ~ ~ C H Y JIMCTHHKlJMlY HSMC$Y HH@OP-

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'To y~hy11yje oKpyxena ~ o j a cy M C K ~ ~ ~ M B O HaMeneHa 3a yTIene ( ~ n p . ureone), anH ce c~errriie papi o oKpy>KenHMa ~ o j ~ ~ a ~ ~ j e npmapHa cnpxa ~ a c n l l ~ ~ o - 0 6 p a - 30BHM pan, KaO Hnp. 61?6n~o're~e, M Y ~ C ~ H , HaYYHM UeHTPEI, KJ IY~OBI I Pi CJI. HH@OP- Mama oepywem sa yyefie TeruKo je ~ ~ Q E I H M C ~ T H , JIM ce reHepanHo Mory onpe- AMTM K ~ O oKpyxena y K O ~ H M ~ ce ogn~ ja ylIene 6 a 3 ~ p a ~ o Ha ayTeHTMwMM npea- MeTHMa B K O J ~ IIOACTHcIy OCTBapMBaKe CaMOAeTepMMHllCaHIlX qMJLeBa, CaMOyCMe- peHo y.Iene EI OTKpmaEe. GPO~HH ~ b y n ~ CBBX y3pac~a AaHac noceliyjy ~ y s e j e , Ha- y w e IteHTpe, n n a ~ e ~ a p ~ j y ~ e , soonorrr~e spTone, ~ O T ~ H M ~ I K ~ 6au1~e, a ~ s a p n j y ~ e , 6 ~ 6 n a o . r e ~ e , HaqMoHanHe IIapKose, rne~ajy o6pa30n~e nporpaMe Ha ~enenM3Mja, w ~ a j y Knme M ~ a r a m ~ e , KopncTe H H T ~ ~ H ~ T , y ~ ~ e c r ~ y j y y paay p a 3 ~ ~ x opram- s a q ~ j a M ynpyxesa H cn. MMcMja OBMX H H C T H T Y ~ H ~ ~ j ec~e , m ~ e $ y ocTanor, Ha ycIMHe npHpOAHy M KYJITYPHY ~ ~ U I T H H Y , HaYKY I4 C B O ~ C Rpyre ca~pXaje AMPeKTHO IIpMCTyIIasHC J ~ B H O C T H (V. Crane, 1994). O B ~ 6pojHe M3BOpe M H @ O P M ~ J I H O ~ o6pa- 3OBaKa ~ p e 6 a EICKOPHCTMTM Ha 614 Ce MHTerpMCaHO OCTBapHJIa K O I I ~ J ~ I I I J E I J ~ AOXH-

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n p H c T y n a K r H o c T Mory pa omope BpaTa a a r a x o e a s y y @ O ~ M ~ J I H O M H aKpenmHBa- AOM o 6 p a s o n a b y . I I p e ~ a ToMe, P i ~ a o p ~ a n ~ o 06pa3osabe A o n p m o c H n o c ~ ~ 3 a ~ y nalleor H A e H T w r e T a , ~ o ~ ~ n a ~ y j k i K a npoMeHaMa y I r e p c o H a n H o M >KHBOTY, omapa- K y ~ 0 r y h ~ O C ' l ' P i a H r a > K O B a K a y AaJLeM y ' - IeKy H a pa3JIH11HTHM MeCTHMa HJIH HHBO-

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~ i a c ~ p y ~ ~ o p ~ elm y r r a n p c n nponHcaHti K ~ P M K ~ J I ~ I L I ( D . S c h u g u r e n s k y , 2000). M c ~ o TaKO, y oB0.i o~JIZLCTM '1CCTO Ce KOPHCTH TePMHH ,,BBH KYPHKYJlYMa B ~ C ~ H T H O - O ~ ~ ~ - 3OBHHX H H C T E I T Y ~ M ~ ~ " , a H e TePMPiH ,,BaH B ~ C ~ H T H O - O ~ ~ ~ ~ O B H H X H H C T H T Y ~ H ~ ~ ~ ' , 3a- TO LUTO C e H H @ O ~ M ~ ~ H O JWCILe M O X e o ~ R H , ~ ~ T H K a K O Y OKBHPY C ~ O P M ~ J I H H X TaKO H

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J. G r i f f i n H D. S y m i n g t o n (1997) KopHcTe T e p M a H , , ~ ~ @ o p ~ a n ~ o ysese" A a 653 onHcanPi OHO HCKYCTBO yse r -ba ~ o j e ce j a s ~ a a Kao nocnennqa rnenaBa Tenesu- s a j e , KIHTaba Hosma, pa3ro~opa ca n p a j a ~ e ~ n ~ a , r r o c e T e ~ y s e j a ~ a , n n a a e ~ a p a j y - MMMa, ~ O T ~ H H ~ I K H M H 300J lOUIKHM BPTOBHMa H CJI. I70 b H M a , H H @ O P M ~ J ~ H O y s f 2 K e K a p a m e p m n e : cno6omaa ~ 3 6 o p , H e c r p y m y p H p a H o c T H ~ e c e ~ s e ~ q ~ j a n ~ o c ~ , con- CTBeHH TeMIlO YIeKa H n 0 6 p o u o m a o c ~ . O B ~ K R O ysf3HX T e X H na 6yne HeJrHHeapHO,

omopeao, c o q ~ j a n a o M nepcoHanHo M o m n H c a H o M A a y ce6e y ~ s y ~ r y j e Moryhe m 6 o p e . D . L i v i n g s t o n e nki r r re na ce n ~ l $ o p ~ a n ~ o y K r e s e Moxe A ~ ~ M H H C ~ T H Kao 614- no ~ o j a aKTmIIocT ~ o , j a y ~ f i y 1 1 y j e n o T p a r y 3a p a 3 y ~ e ~ a s e ~ , s ~ a s e ~ Hnn BemTH-

HaMa H ~ 0 j e C e j a B J h a BaH K y p H K y J l y M a @ o ~ M ~ J I H H x H H ~ @ o ~ M ~ J I H H x BaCnHTHO- 0 6 p a 3 0 B H H ~ M H C T E I T Y ~ E T ~ ~ H IIpOrpaMa OpraHH30BaHHX on CTpaHe B ~ C ~ M T H O - O ~ ~ ~ -

30BHHX PinH C O I J H ~ ~ ~ H E ~ X IIOCpeAHHKa ( n p e ~ a : D. S c h u g u r e n s k y , 2000). M e $ y r r H M , T C ~ M H H , , I ? H C $ O ~ M ~ ~ H O y1ebe" 110 n p y r H M a y T o p H M a (J. H. F a l k ,

L. D. D i e r k i n g , 1998) BeoMa j e n p o 6 n e ~ a ~ ~ ~ 1 a ~ a 11pc o n l l c y j e n o ~ a q v r j y ~ o r y h e r y . ~ c ~ b a Hero mrro r o n o p a o caMoM y . I e s y . e o r a ce J. H. Falk H L. D. D i e r k i n g o n p e - ,L\eJbihyjy 3a y r l o ~ p e 6 y TepMMHa , , H H @ O ~ M ~ J I H O " Kana r O B O p e 0 O K p y X e b y rAC Ce

o n n v r j a y K I e s c , a T e p M m , ,cno60na~ ~36op" Kana 0 3 ~ a c 1 a ~ a j y THn y l r e s a . , ,Yl~ebe 110 C ~ O ~ O ~ H O M H360py" npC,QCTaRJba aJITepHaTPiBaH TepMHH 38 HCKYCTBO YgeJ&l ~ o j e ce j a s m a y OKHHPY H H C T H T Y ~ H ~ ~ E I H + O P M ~ ~ H O T 06pasosasa, ~ j . Kao nocnenu-

T I E D A ~ O I I l K A CTBAI 'HOCT, X L I X , 5-6 (2003), Holm Call

qa nocerre ~ y s e j y , rnenana ~enee~sz i jc , s m a H , a H O B H H ~ , pasro~opa ca ~ r p ~ j a ~ e m - M a HJIH H 3 J I a 3 a K a H a Z / T H T ~ ~ H ~ T .

C M ~ T ~ ~ M O na Cy TepMHHH ,,@OpMaJIHO" H , , H H @ o ~ M ~ J I H o " I I ~ H K J I ~ A H M ~ H 3 a

o n k i c k i n a n e oepyxeKa y s e H , a H e r o 3a npaeache p a 3 n ~ ~ e y K H a n H T e T y y T I e n a Kale ce on~urja y H y T a p &ax. Y c r e ~ e ce H ~ J I ~ ~ H IIOJC y ~ ~ q a j c ~ ~ P O J I I B X + a ~ ~ o p a . J e n a ~ on BMX jec~e +MSH'IKH KOHTCKCT, a m c a M 3 a ce6e OH M a n o y r w I e H a THIT ylrena. AII- cypn~o j e c y r c p H c a T H na jc yxrehe y K n y r r a M a M n o y x I a n a r b e y H y T a p M ~ ~ C J C K H X 3 1 4 ~ 0 -

s a r?nH U p y r H x ~ ~ c r a ~ y q ~ j a ~ ~ + o p ~ a n ~ o r 06pasonana p a a w i T r H r r o on ysck t , a ole C e H a HCTH H a W i H OflRHla Y IUKOJIH. CJIHrlHO TOMC, H e T p e 6 a I IpWIIOCTaBHTH Aa he K p e H p a B e OTBOpeHHX, H a HCTPalI<MHany 3aCHOBaHHX HcKyCTaRa y UIKOJIaMa, 6HTH

+yHJJaMeHTaJIHo pa3J IH9HTO O n HCTHX TaK13HX HCKyCTaBa Y HCKOM A p y r O M OKPYWC-

By. n p e ~ a TOMe, gHHH CC fla y OKRHpy H UIKOJICKHX H HeIUKOJICKHX O ~ J I H K ~ o6paso- nana, y r I e I b e M o x e ~ H T H M a n e HJIH BHIIIe C T P ~ K T Y P H C ~ H O , M a n e HJIM I ~ H I I I ~ @ o p ~ a n - HO. Y OBOM KOHTeKCTY, 'IHHH H a M CC, M O X n a je H ~ J B ~ X H H J H KPHT~PM,~YM pa3JIHKOBil-

H,a H ~ H T H ~ K a p a K T e p H C T H K a H H @ o ~ M ~ J I H O ~ 06pasona~a IIepCOHaJIHa MOTHRa1[Hja

OHHX KOjH yse, OnHOCHO I ICpqAI lHpaHa KOHTpOJIa H c n o 6 o ~ a ~ H ~ ~ O P , n p H 'IeMy CC H e

MO>Ke 3aHCMaPHTH H H @ M ~ H ~ K H HH C O I ~ M ~ ~ J I H H KOHTeKCT OKPY>Ketba .

130 06pasouarbe HCKJLYIHHO BOnHJIO IIPOCEeTHY I1OJIHTHKY O ~ p C ~ y i y h H Ha'IHH CTH-

r[aH,a o6pasoua~,a H y c a B p u I a n a a , a , T e y T H q a n o H a wan J I ~ Y ~ H o TOM(: nn.a ce c M a -

T p a yrIeH,eM. Y THM YCJIOBHMa 'IHHH C e je y s e H , C y MII@OPML?JIHHM ~ H T y a q H j a M a

IIOTIIyHO s a60pasac~0 , HaKO y n H M a JIC>I<H COI'POMHa 3aJ IHXa M O ~ Y ~ H O C T H 3 a yCl3a-

jane s ~ a ~ a . O B ~ K B O y l r e f b e je ~ a j c ~ a p ~ j k i H a w H y c s a j a ~ ~ a s r r aH ,a a jou~ jc y n c ~ jc-

a a H O n rJ IaBHHX Har IHHa yelC%2i y P a H O M neTH&C'l.l<y. Y H % c H H ~ ~ fla C e KOMII~YTCJ~-

c K a ~ e x ~ o n o r n j a npe y c T a n H n a y J I O M ~ ~ H H C T B H M ~ H e r o y U K o n a M a n o ~ ~ p 4 y i e na- >I<HOCT OBaKBOr ~ H ~ T I H H ~ CTMI[aHAI 3 ~ a n a ( A Metrzornnrl~lrn on Llfelong Lenrt~zng, 2000).

Y c ~ e n c ~ a j e mrue o r p a a H T 1 e a o c a M o H a pasae @ase n , y A c K o r >I<HBoTa H ~a

y c a ~ p m a ~ a n a . Y caAarrrH,eM I I C P H O ~ Y ~ P ~ H X , C T ~ J I H H X H ~ p a j ~ ~ x n p o M c a a , y c I c n e

cc H a c T a B S a K P O ~ qeo XHBOT H rroc~ajc Ixo>r<HeoTaH ~ M J L nojen~aaqa, npxaua H

f l p y u I T s a (K. Dherr, B. Cna,j~h-Bp~arrr, I. F e r r e i r a Martins, 2002). 3arro cy 11oTpe6 f rH

H ~ E H I I p H c T y n H I r p o q e c y ylre&a rnc ysc&e ~ p e 6 a fla n p e n c T a n J b a c ~ e o 6 y x e a ~ a a sana~ar< I I e n o K y n H e sajcna~qe K O ~ H ce HC MO>I<C 0 6 a n ~ b a ~ k 1 c a M o y +OPM~JIHHM

Mp J O R ~ H ~ Manyr~rro~jah: IIH(1,OPMAJTHO OBPASOBAFbE - IIOJMOBHM OICRMP M...

r a ~ a s a u t i j a ~ a ~ o j e ce 6 a ~ e 0 6 p a s o u ~ 0 ~ nonHTHKoM (UNESCO, OECD, ILO, Behe E ~ p o n e , E B ~ O I I C K ~ KOMHCMJ~) EI Koje MX npcnopy4yjy CBO~HM 9JIaHMIJaMa Y CIIPO- ~0beEby HaII(M0HaJIHPiX 0 6 p a 3 0 ~ ~ 1 1 ~ ~ ~ @ O P M E I . TO CY K O H ~ ~ I I I J E I J ~ AOXMBOTHOT yKIe- ha , o ~ ~ o c ~ o ~ o ~ q e n q n j a ,,npymTBa ~ o j e y ~ ~ a " (CilipaEieZ~ija pa~oiiilitcn Peily6fi~itce XpoaGctce y 21. ciiiofiehy - Xpaailic~n y 21. ciliofiehy, 2001).

HOCTR TOKOM 'IaTaBor X H R O T ~ a y c~o,jo,j OCHOBH M M ~ npoqec y.IeKa K O ~ H ce O ~ B H -

ja y CBMM CTpyKTypaMa, CBHM >KHBOTHHM c ~ ~ y a q w a ~ a a npencTaBaa yKynao XH- BOTHO HCK~CTBO. IIocroje ~ ( e a pasnora s a m ~ o je npnMeaa no>KaRoTHor ysesa npaopmTcT E s p o n c ~ e sajena~qe. Ca j e ~ a e cTpaHe Eupor~a nocraje sajen~arra y Koj0.j .ie 3HaH>e TCMeJh ApyIIITBa H ~ K ~ H O M H , ~ ~ , a Ca npyre ERpolr~ba~EI >I<HBe Y CJIO-

xeHoM jIpymrBeHoM GI IIOJIHTH~IKOM cseTy rne ce on n q j e g ~ ~ ~ l a orre~yje na aeTms- HO JJOIIPMHOCH JKPYIIITBY, IIJIaHHpa HJIaCTkiTH >KABOT I? 1103MTHBHO OAHOCM IIpeMa K Y J I T Y ~ H O , ~ , ~ T H H ~ I K O , ~ a ~ C ~ H I K O , ~ pa3MOJIHKOCTH (A M e m o r a ~ l d ~ ~ n ~ on Lifelolzg Lear- ning, 2000). ~ ~ O > K H B O T H O ycIe%e Kao @anoso+Hja 06pasosa%a ogpebyje cc Kao o6pasonabe y cno,joj YKYIIHOCTH. OHO 06yxna~a @ o p ~ a n ~ e , ~ e @ o p ~ a n ~ e a HH- @ o p ~ a n a e o G n a ~ c oGpasosaIta H aacroja~,a ga ce cue cTpymype a cne @ase o6pa30sa~~a HHTerpPiLLIy RepTEIKaJIHO ( B ~ ~ M ~ H C K H ) I4 XOPkl3OHTaJIHO (IIPOCTOPHO). AO>KHBOTHO o6paso~a1tc je @ J I C K ~ H ~ H J I H O no BpeMeay, MecTy H canpxajy a MO>KC

CC IIpHJIarOnkITH pa3HHM TeXHMKaMa yYeEba. OH0 T ~ K O $ ~ IIMIIJIEIqHpa H CBMOYCMC-

paea%e, p a s ~ e ~ y Mmrumcwa ca npyrma a ~~pmnaro$aeane p a 3 ~ m ~ cTanouMMa u c ~ p a ~ e r ~ j a ~ a ylrea,a (R. H Dave, npeMa: K. D~ierr, B. Cnajsfi-Bp~am, I. Ferrelra Mart~ns, 2002, c ~ p . 76).

Hona napanHrMa ,qoxmoTHor y~cha/o6pa3ona~,a npeTnocTasLa peeoa- rrcn~yanasaqkljy cnax cerMeHaTa o 6 p a s o ~ a ~ a a y~fiyrryje cneneha casaawa: yrIe- h e HC ~ r p e c ~ a j e ca crar[a%eM rIpnor s a ~ a ~ a n a Mna H C I I H T ~ ~ ~ ~ J I ~ C T H , neh je OHO

JJO>KHBOTtIa ReJIaTHOcT; Jhynll YrIe Ha pa3JIHKIHTe HaKIHHC Y pa3JlEI9HTHM yCJIOBHMa

HacTaBHMqH, HaKO BaXaH, HHCY ~ ~ A M H H H3BOP HFICt)~pMaqPija Y IIPOqeCJr y?e%a, Heh Cy HsBOpll 3HaFba MYJITHM~~H~CKH; TCOPH~CKB 3HaEba HHCY je~H13a H AOBOJbHa 3a Irpoqec ca saana~~a , uefi ynopeno ca % m a ~ p e 6 a pasnuja~a BerJrTaHc H cnoco6ao- CTH Jbynki; IIIKOJIe TpC6a ocnoco6aTH 3a ayTOHOMHO AeJIOHa%e, ~ e f i ~ ? KBaJIHTCT H

KpezrYrnHocr; 3ajen~a.1~0 Aenosafie co~ \~ jananx napmepa, o n ~ o c ~ o c r ~ x OHHX

~ o j a cy HeIIocpenHo yK.rLylreaH y npoqec 06pasonana (Ko~ldeEliuja Epo~je t ia og- Zojtio-06paaocclo2 cyclLlaoa y Peay6f i~i l~u Xpaailictcoj, 2002).

C Apyre CTpaHC ,,JJPYIUTBO ~ 0 j e yqH" ,je HOB KOHUCIIT K O ~ H HCTHg(: npOMeHe A 0 KOJHX MOpa n 0 f i H Y RPYIIITBY KaO OnrOBOp Ha aKTyeJIHH pa3~0j nora$aja (K. Duerr, B. Cnaj~f i -Bp~am, I. Ferrelra Martins, 2002). OH HMnnHqHpa mape H o6y- xsa~al l jc n e p c ~ r e ~ ~ a ~ e n,yAcKor y Iena (06pasona~e a y.IeBe m ~ a j y cTaTyc OCHOHHHX HHCTPYMeHaTa qeJIOKyllHOr flpyLIITBCH0r pa3~0ja) kI He TEIYC Ce CaMO IIO- jcQPlHaqa Her0 H ~ J I O ~ ~ J I H E I X npymTBCHHX yCJIOBa Ei H H T ~ ~ ~ K I J M , ~ ~ ~3Meby pa3HHX JITIeCHHKa y flpyLUTBy. 3 a ~ o ~ o 6 p a HaqMOHaJIHa Cl.paTerH,ja o6paso~a~,a , y IxllJby no6o~b111a~,a KBanmerra > K M B O T ~ He ~ p e 6 a na saxna~a caMo ureononaH,e neqe a MnajiHx, scii ~ p e 6 a na y ~ n , y ~ ~ a M na sameua pasuoj H H @ O ~ M ~ ~ H E I X 0 6 n a ~ a o6paso- sass - on npana .IoueKa na 6yne M H + O ~ M H C ~ H , go IIIaHce na ce 6 0 s e EI aAeKnaTHo 06pasyje K O P M C T ~ ~ M npegHocTa onor 0 6 n ~ ~ a 06pasoea1ta.

IIEHA~OLIlICA CTBAPHOCT, XLIX, 5-6 (2003), HOIIM Call

K o H a Y H o , y KOHTHHYHTeTY flOXHBOTHOI' y L I e f i a BHLUe AOJIa3M ,I[O H 3 p a X a j a

H ~ @ o ~ M ~ J I H o H H H @ o ~ M ~ J I H O 06pasoeanc H y K I C K e , Tj . KOHqeI IT nO>l<MBOTHOr Y'Ie-

n a no~e3yje ~ ~ ~ J I H ~ I H T ~ o 6 n ~ ~ e 06pasoeana - @ o p ~ a n ~ o , ~ e @ o p ~ a n ~ o H HH@OP-

MaJIHO - y ~~ , I (HHCTB~H CHCTeM. JJOXHBOTHO YseEbe K a O OCHOBa U p O M e H a H p~3F30ja ~ p e 6 a Aa 6 y ~ e +JI~KCII~HJIHO, ~ @ H K ~ c H o , AOCTynHO H yKJ IOr I JheH0 y CBaKOAHeBHH

XHBOT. Ko~qenqkija AOXHBOTHO~ yseBa H a r n a r u a e a no~pe6y A o c T y n H o c T H CBHX

C T e n e H a H O ~ J I H K ~ o6pa30~ana ( ~ e ~ o ~ p a ~ ~ s a q u r j y 06pa30sana) CBHM Y n a H o s H M a

ApyLUTBa n O R ~ ~ A H ~ K E I M YCJIOBHMa 6 e 3 0 6 3 ~ p a H a UOJI, Y s p a C T , P a C H y , HaqHOHaJ IHy

H BePCKj ' UpHIIaAHOCT. 3 a 3 e M J b e y I I p O q e C y T p a H 3 H q H j e noce6ao je 6 1 1 ~ ~ 0 fla C e

I IpOCBeTHa IIOJIHTHKa T e M e J b H H a K O H ~ ~ ~ I [ ~ H AOXHBOTHOr H , ,CB~XHBOTHO~ ' ' YCIe-

n a , K a o H ~ o ~ q e n q a j s , , n p y r u T s a ~ o j e ywi", jep np>KaBHy , coqxjansy H K y n T y p H y

~ p a ~ 3 ~ q ~ j y M o p a Ha cnposene cana aKTEinHo CT~HOBHHUITBO, HC ~ e ~ a j y f i t i H a H a p a -

u ~ ~ a j e M o A e p H o o 6 p a 3 o ~ a ~ e neqe H M n a n w x (Cz;lipaillez~lje paaoutlixa PeiiyG~l~ixe Xpoaillcxe y 21. ci i io~beky - Xpoaillclca y 21. cillo~behy, 2001). OCHM T o r a , w n e - H M q a je A a e B p O U C K 0 CTaHOBHHIlITBO Har J IO CTapH, LUTO 3HaCIH f la C e n o ~ p e 6 a 3 a HO-

BHM 3 H a b I I M a H Be I I ITHHaMa YCJIeR ~ P ~ H X I I p O M e H a y T ~ X H O J I O ~ M ~ H H e M O X e HCKJbY-

WBO OCJIOHHTH ~a M n a n e .

B ~ C ~ H T H O - O ~ ~ ~ ~ O B H H pan K O ~ H C e 0 n B l l j a Y H H @ o ~ M ~ J I H H M OKpy>I<CH>MMa 3 a

YxIeHX I I p e A C T a B J b a H e H 3 6 e ~ H y BpeAHOCT B ~ C ~ W I ' H O - O ~ ~ ~ ~ O B H O ~ CHCTCMa. Ha t i~e , y APYIIITBY BHCOKe T ~ x H o J I o ~ ~ I ~ ~ BeJIMKM A e O ~ H ~ ~ I ~ J H H X HCKyCTaBa yTIeH,a H3Me-

CTHO C e B a H LIIKOJICKOI' O K p y X e I b a . I T p H j a T e J b H , I I O p O ~ H c I H H WHBOT, IIOTPOIIIaTIKH

HaqMH X H B O T a , P a A H a MeCTa , aKTMBHOCTH C J I O ~ O ~ ~ H O ~ B p C M e H a , HHCTHTYIJH~~ KYJI-

T y p e H HOBa H H @ O ~ M ~ ~ H O H ~ T ~ x H o J I o ~ H , ~ ~ IlOCTaJIM Cy CBaKOAHeBHa OKOJIHHa Y I C -

%a. OCHM T O r a , JbyAH 0 ~ e ~ y j y na I IyTeM o6pa30~ana CTeKHY BeUITMHe H KOMIIe-

~ e ~ q ~ j e ~ o j e HX ocn0~06~ba~a jy 3 a y c n e m H o c H a n a x e n e y ~ a c ~ y n a j y i i ~ ~ , n p O M e H -

JbHBHM YCJIOBHMa IIOCTHH~YCTPH~CKOI' npYIIITBa, a ~ 0 j a H M a @opMaJIHM 0 6 p a 3 0 B H H

CHCTeM H KYPHKYJIYM 6 a 3 ~ p a ~ H a C a n p X a j y H e M O r y IIOHY,QMTH.

Y TaKBHM YCJIOBHMa B ~ C I I I I T H O - O ~ ~ ~ ~ O R H H CHCTeM K O ~ H KaPaKTCPHI l IC ROMM-

~ a q ~ j a c e K T o p a @ o p ~ a n ~ o r o6pa3osa~a r~ocraje cse B H m e , , y c ~ o rpno" H HC MO-

x e na ~ ~ R O B O J ~ M pac~yhe m CBe p a 3 r p a ~ a ~ ~ j e o 6 p a 3 o ~ ~ e n o ~ p e 6 c ( M . B M n o ~ k i j e -

BHh , 1995, CTp. 85). T ~ K ~ B IUKOJICKH CHCTeM gCCTO @ Y H K ~ M O H M I I I C H3OJIOBBHO Y On-

HOCY H a RPYI'C IlOACHCTeMe H HeOCeTJbHB je H a 9HEheHHI[y na J b y n H >KHBe y BHCOKO

n H @ e p e H q H p a H o M C O ~ E I ~ ~ J I H O M CBeTy rJJe ~ e n k i j H , C J I O ~ O ~ H O B p e M e , pan H UOTpO-

UIaTIKH H a q H H X H B O T a CTPYKTYPHIIIY >KHBOTe I I o J ~ ~ M H ~ ~ ~ ~ . Maria H e CUOpMMO 3 H a -

11aj r r r K o n e K a o ~ 3 ~ o p a C H c T e M a T H w H x ~ ~ a f i a , n o c T a n o je osmrnenao fla mmpea,c a o p ~ a n ~ o r 0 6 p a 3 0 s a ~ a ~ ~ j e B m r e AOBOJ~HO 3 a k i c n y H , e f i e 3 a x r r e ~ a 3 a KBaHTHTa-

THBHHM II KBaJIHTaTHBHHM I I p O M e H a M a y 0 6 p a 3 o s a n y .

H a ~ o B a H a c n o c T o j H OnI I ITa C a r n a c H o c T na 0 6 p a 3 o s a f i e M y x I e f b e H e M o r y

~ H T H I I O H C T O B ~ ~ ~ H H C a IIIKOJIOBa%eM, y c I e n e K O ~ C C e O A B H J ~ K p 0 3 H H @ o P M ~ J I H ~

O ~ J I H K ~ o6pa30~ana H e n o B o J b H o je B p e A H o B a H o . Kao n o c n e A H q a T o r a s e c T o ce y 0 6 J I a c T H ~ ~ a o p ~ a n ~ o r 06pa30sana H e ~ ~ p e n o s ~ a j e n n y p a n k i s a ~ H o c M j r a q a 06pa- 3 0 B H e I I O H y n e , IIITO AOBOAH A 0 T O r a A a C e HeAOBOJbHO KOPHCTH 0 6 p a 3 0 B H H UOTCH-

Mp J o ~ a ~ a M ~ n y ' r a ~ o e ~ k : MH~I~OPMAJIHO OEPA30BAlbE -- IIOJMOBHH OKBMP M...

q ~ j a n ~ o r y h ~ x aKTepa y o ~ o j o 6 n a c ~ ~ . OCHM Tora, HHTepecaHTHo je Y O ~ H T H Aa nefia~a ~ e ~ a j a ~ ~ @ o p ~ a n ~ o r o6pa3osa~a onepHmy ~ s o n o ~ a a o j e ~ ~ ~ l OA ApyrHx. P ~ T K O Koja M H C T H T Y ~ H ~ ~ H H @ O P M ~ J I H O ~ 06pa3osana BOAH PaYYHa 0 APYrHM H3BO- PHMa YIeKa, LUTO pC3yJITHpa @ P ~ ~ M ~ H T ~ P H H M CeTOBMMa HCKyCTaBa ytIeIba K0ja Ce HC H3rpabyjy CHCTCMaTHIIHO JenHa Ha RpyrHMa. AKTHBHOCTH OBHX I I H C T H T Y ~ H ~ ~

~ a j c ~ e ~ u h e cy c.~.~xujcee, H ~ C H H X ~ ~ H H ~ O B ~ H ~ H napq~janae. 3 a ~ o je y q ~ ~ y cTsapa- E d pa3HOBpCHC 06pa30~He nOHyAe H OcTBapHBaKa 0 6 p a 3 0 s ~ ~ x qHJbeBa I I O T ~ C ~ H O

CTBOPHTH 603be YCJlOBf2 3a pa3Boj H KOOPnHHHCaH pan H H C T H T Y ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ H H @ O P M ~ J I H O ~

o6pa3o~ana. n o ~ p e 6 ~ 0 je TperrHpaBe onor cemopa Kao Baxaor nena 06pason- HOT CHCTCMa, UITO IIOJJpa3yMeBa H ~ T B ~ $ M B ~ B ~ CBHX KJbY9HHX OpTaHH3alJHOHHX, KanposcKHx H ~ a ~ e p ~ j a n ~ a x npeTnocTaBKn 3a KeroBo ( P Y H K ~ H O H E I C ~ I - ~ ~ .

Yonrrr~e ysen, canpeMeHa npocBeTHa nonHTHKa H p e @ o p ~ a 06pa3osana ~ p e 6 a Aa o 6 y x s a ~ ~ cBe o6naee @ o p ~ a n ~ o r , ~ e @ o p ~ a n ~ o r H ~ ~ @ o p ~ a n ~ o r o6pa- s o e a ~ a H BHxose ~ c $ y c o G ~ e penaq~je. Kao npyru~so, n o ~ p e 6 ~ o je ga npenosaa- MO PI ~OAPIKHMO orPomy R~>I<HOCT H 3 ~ a q a j HcKycTBa yseKa ~ o j e ce o ~ s ~ j a saH rrrKona - yxIeKa ~3 noceTa ~ y s e j ~ x f a , ~ H ~ J I H o T ~ K ~ M ~ , H H T ~ ~ H ~ T ~ , rnenana Tene- ~ ~ 3 ~ j e , Q H ~ M O R ~ , mTa&a Kmira, H O B P I H ~ , ~ a r a m ~ a , cnyruam panvrja H en. Pe- @opMa B ~ C ~ H T H O - O ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ O B H O ~ CMCTeMa K0ja He HCKOPHCTH IIpenHOCTH YYeEba y HH-

@ o ~ M ~ J I H H M CHTyaL(HlaMa H H ~ C KOMIIneTHa. npll TOMe, pa3~0j HH@OPM~JIHHX

o6nH~a 06pa3ona~a ~ p e 6 a jla ce cnponopi y O K B H ~ ~ noxHBoTHor ygena Kao O ~ ~ ~ ~ O B H C c ~ p a ~ e r ~ j c . ,QO>KHROTHO yseKe HyxaH je YCJIOB 3a ynasae y 21. BeK, jcp o~oryhana npemanamne TpanHqHoHanHe IIonene 0 6 p a 3 o s a ~ ~ i Ha , , n o ~ r e ~ ~ o " H ,,~;ifie", y ~ c ~ e a y j e ce Ha Halreny ,,npymTua ~ o j e ~ I P I " , Te o ~ o r y h a ~ a yLIefie H

rTenonHm pa3~o j TaneHarra cBaKor ~ ro jen~aqa (J. Delors, 1996). TpanHr~Ho~an~y ~ O ~ ~ B O ~ ~ H O C T IlIKOJICKOI' (@OPM~JIHOT) H BaHLIIKOJICKOr ( H ~ @ O ~ M ~ J I H O ~ H HH@OP- MaJIHor o6pasona~a) ~ p e 6 a 3ZlMCHHTPI ~ C ~ H B M C B ~ O ~ Y X B ~ T H H M B ~ C ~ H T H O - O ~ ~ ~ ~ O B - HHM CHCTCMOM KO,~B he O M O ~ Y ~ H T H CBHM JLj',QPIMZl, 6e3 o 6 3 ~ p a Ha pa3JlHKe Me$y & m a , C H C T ~ M ~ T C K O BacnnTaKe H o6pasonane on B H X O B O ~ po$ena na no cMpTa. HoBH B ~ C ~ H T H O - O ~ ~ ~ ~ O B H H CHCTeM MOpa IIOHynHTH AeqPI, MJlanHMa H OnpaCJIHMa, ~a CBHM cTcneHHMa nacnmana PI o6paso~ana p a s ~ o s p c ~ e nporpaMcKe nyTese KaKO 6~ CBaKM IIojenHHaIJ, y 3BBHCHOCTH On CBO~EIX C ~ I O C O ~ H O C T H H PIHTepecoBaI-ba, Morao HahH pemefic 3a cc6e. To 3~a911 na 6x3 cacTeM BacnaTaI-ba H 06pasoea1-ba rpe6ano npHnaronmH 1 1 o ~ p e 6 a ~ a r ~ o j e ~ ~ ~ q a , a He OGPHYTO. EHTHO je n o n ~ h n no- ~ y ~ y ofipasonafia, rAe 614 ceaKo Tpe6ano na 6yne y IIpHnHqH na HamH o6pasonaba K O ~ H je C ~ M ~3a6pao, yMecTo na 6yne npmopaH ga cnenH yHanpen oj[pe$e~ nyT npcMa 3ana~oM Ipi3by ( A Memora~zdum on Lifelong Learnzng, 2000). Ko~1{HIlHpa&e~ ouaKBor B ~ C ~ P I T H O - O ~ ~ ~ ~ O B H O ~ cHcTeMa H rrrHpeneM c ~ p a ~ e r ~ j e flOIKHl3OTHOr YgCH>B CTBaPaMO YCJIOBe 3a C O ~ H ~ ~ J I H H , eKOHOMCKH, KYJITYPHH H eKO- noLrIKa passo,j s e ~ ~ b e , ycnoBe sa ~paj~1.1 pasnoj o6pasosana, ~ Y A C K H X pecypca H

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Jovana MilutinoviC, M. A,, Novi Sad

INFORMAL EDUCATION - NOTIONAL FRAMEWORK AND CHARACTERISTICS

Summary

The paper discusses the definition and quotes some characteristics of informal edu- cation. In the developed countries, education considers schooling for both youth and adul-

ts, informal education, as well as greater concern for informal education. The countries in transition are supposed to follow these footsteps if they want to join the European Union. There is an opinion that explicit guidance for educational policy in the segment of infor- mal education can provide the framework for developing wide range of educational sour- ces inside and outside school institutions. Therefore, the development of informal modes of education has to be permanent during the whole lifetime and regarded as an educatio- nal strategy. Conceiving an educational system where everybody is in the position to rece- ive the chosen education, instead of being forced to follow the way towards given objecti- ve which is determined in advance, as well as broadening the strategy of lifetime educati- on, we are establishing the conditions for social, economic, cultural and ecological deve- lopment of the country, conditions for constant development of education, human resour- ces and potentials, which means developing ,,learning society".

Key words: system of upbringing and education, informal education, educat~onal strategy, lifetime learning

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