05 03 Major Risk Standards Booklet

AHRENS SAFE EVERY INDIVIDUAL IS IMPORTANT

MAJOR RISK STANDARDS

SAFETY &

ENVIRONMENT

05.03 Major Risk Standards

Page 2 of 3 Document Number: QSE.MR.1081 | Version Number: 1.0

SCOPE Major Risk Standards outline Ahrens Group’s required planning and operational standards to manage the main health, safety and environmental risks associated with high risk or commonly performed activities at Ahrens Group. These standards apply to our employees and subcontractors, and should be used in conjunction with Ahrens Group’s HSEQ management plan and associated site HSEQ risk assessment. Major Risk Standards will be updated regularly to ensure they capture information relevant to: • Feedback from Ahrens Group employees, subcontractors and clients/customers; • Lessons learnt from incident trends and investigations; • Internal and industry alerts; and • Changes to legislation, standards or codes.

PROCESS What is a Major Risk Standard? Major Risk Standards are related to work activities that are regularly undertaken or encountered in Ahrens Group that have a high potential for injury or harm to people and the environment if not managed appropriately. Major Risk Standards are designed to reinforce the HSEQ management system, not replace it. They are not designed to cover every risk and control within our operations. How are Major Risk Standards applied? Not all Major Risk Standards will be relevant at your workplace. You should identify the relevant ones. It is vital that we continue to focus on elimination and higher order controls for our work activities. From the analysis of incidents within Ahrens Group and the industry, it is the lower order controls such as PPE, training and administration that are less reliable and require a much higher level of supervision. The key to ensuring the Major Risk Standards are effective is to focus on eliminating risks during the planning and design stage and where not possible apply other hard controls during the completion of the activity.

Major Risk Standards should be managed with these higher order controls

Work with these lower order controls requires greater administrative effort and supervision and are known to be less effective

05.03 Major Risk Standards

Page 3 of 3 Document Number: QSE.MR.1081 | Version Number: 1.0

How should Major Risk Standards be communicated? All personnel involved in the planning and delivery of activities related to the Major Risk Standards should be inducted into them, this includes employees and subcontractors. One of the most effective methods is to sit down and have a conversation about the relevant standards during development of Site HSEQ Risk Assessments, Safe Work Method Statements (SWMS) or Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). This booklet contains all of the Ahrens Major Risk Standards, in the following order:

SAFETY

MRS01 Confined Space MRS02 Working at Height & Falling Objects MRS03 Scaffold MRS04 Temporary Works (incorporates Formwork, Precast and Tilt up) MRS05 Isolation MRS06 Electrical MRS07 Hazardous Substances & Dangerous Goods MRS08 Demolition MRS09 Asbestos MRS10 Protection of Overhead Services MRS11 Protection of Underground Services MRS12 Excavation & Trenching MRS13 Traffic Management MRS14 Lifting and Slinging MRS15 Plant and Equipment MRS16 Manual Handling MRS17 Hot Works MRS18 Road Transportation

ENVIRONMENT

MRE01 Soil & Water Contamination MRE02 Flora & Fauna MRE03 Waste MRE04 Soil, Erosion and Drainage MRE05 Bunding & Spills MRE06 Cultural & Heritage MRE07 Air, Noise & Vibration

MRE08 Abrasive Blasting

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MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS01 Confined Space

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Document Number: QSE.MR.1033 | Version Number: 1.0

Major Risk Standard | MRS01 Confined Space

1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This Major Risk Standard for Confined Space should be read in conjunction with the Safe Work Australia Code of Practice for Confined Spaces, legislative WHS Acts and Regulations and Australian Standard AS/NZS 2865:2009 Confined Space for legal guidance of this work. This standard applies to all confined spaces at Ahrens Group workplaces.

2. PLANNING

The site shall identify all potential confined spaces by assessing against the following criteria

Is the space an enclosed or partially enclosed space that is atmospheric pressure during occupancy? and;

Is the space liable at any time to;

– Have an atmosphere which contains potentially harmful levels on contaminant

– Have an oxygen deficiency or excess; or

– Cause engulfment

Where it is not practical to eliminate confined space entry then a specific SWMS must be prepared.

In assessing the risks associated with confined spaces, the following should be considered when developing specific SWMS.

Maintaining safe atmosphere before entry, e.g. purging contaminants and atmospheric testing;

Appropriate access and emergency egress equipment, impediments to access/egress;

Risks related to hot works such as explosion (if being conducted), noise, and electricity;

Risk of engulfment (double isolation should be used where reasonable practical);

Lighting and visibility;

Purging or cleaning requirements;

Number and competency of persons required outside the space:

To maintain equipment essential for the task and communicate with persons,

To properly initiate emergency response procedures; and

Risks associated with connected plant and services, atmosphere, flammable gases and vapors, fire and explosions

Every identified confined space must have a specific risk assessment conducted to attempt to eliminate entry into the confined space. This should be recorded on the 05.01.01 Site HSEQ Risk Assessment or on a more detailed assessment such as 05.05.01 SWMS Template.

In so far as reasonably practicable, new equipment and appliances requiring access for maintenance should not be installed in a confined space.

In so far as reasonably practicable, new equipment and appliances requiring access for maintenance should not be installed in a confined space.

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3. OPERATIONS

Each person entering and exiting the confined space must complete MRS01.01 Confined Space Permit

A register of permits shall be maintained on site

A “confined space controller” (CSC) is to be present at all times whilst work is being carried out within a confined space

The CSC is to be a person separate from those working in a confined space and must not leave the confined space whilst persons are working on it

The CSC shall remain in visual or audible contact with those persons inside the confined space. Where appropriate and safe to do so, a safety harness and lifeline may be used as a tactile means of communication

Confined spaces must have appropriate signage installed at entry and ventilation points

Emergency rescue processes must be documented and appropriate for each confined space and trialed before works commence

A safe atmosphere must be maintained before entry, e.g. purging of contaminants and atmospheric testing

A permit shall be located at the point of entry

Access must be in accordance with MRS02 Working at Heights and Falling Objects

Confined spaces should be secured against unauthorised entry

The following should be prohibited in an around confined spaced that are being accessed:

– Prohibiting hot work in adjacent areas;

– Prohibiting smoking and naked flames within the confined space and adjacent areas;

– Avoiding contamination of breathing air from operations or sources outside the confined space, for example, from the exhaust of an internal combustion engine;

– Prohibiting movement of equipment in adjacent areas, for example forklifts; and

– Prohibiting spark-generating equipment, clothing and footwear

4. TRAINING & COMPETENCY

Persons required to supervise confined space shall have undergone awareness training of the minimum requirements of this standard and Ahrens permit process

The “Confined Space Controller” (CSC) and all persons entering a confined space must have completed accredited confined space training, including use of breathing apparatus where required

All persons working within a confined space, including the CSC, are to be familiar with and trained in confined space entry and rescue

First Aid Training is required as part of the confined space training requirements

5. DOCUMENTATION

MRS01.01 Confined Space Permit

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6. REFERENCES

05.01.01 Site HSEQ Risk Assessment

05.05.01 SWMS Template

MRS02 Working at Heights and Falling Objects

Regulatory AS 2865 – Confined Spaces

AS/NZS 1715 – Selection, use and maintenance of respiratory protective devices

AS/NZS 1716 – Respiratory protective devices

AS 1674.1 – Safety in welding and allied processed AS/NZS 1891 – Industrial fall-arrest systems and devices

Safe Work Australia National Code of Practice – Confined Spaces

7. DEFINITIONS

Confined Space An enclosed or partially enclosed spaces that is not intended or designed primarily for human occupancy within which there is a risk of one or more of the following:

a) An oxygen concentration outside the safe oxygen range or

b) A concentration of airborne contaminants that may cause impairment, loss of consciousness or asphyxiation

c) A concentration of flammable airborne contaminant that may cause injury from fire or explosion

d) Engulfment in stored free-flowing solid or rising level of liquid that may cause suffocation or drowning

A confined space may be (but not limited to) a space in any vat, tank, pit, pipe, duct, flue, oven, chimney, silo, reaction vessel, container, receptacle, sewer, well, shaft, trench or tunnel.

Confined Space Entry When a person’s head or upper body is within the boundary of the confined space, (but does not include inserting an arm (only) for the purpose of atmospheric testing.

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MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS02 Working at Heights and Falling Objects

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Major Risk Standard | MRS02 Working at Heights and Falling Objects 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This standard must be applied to any work being performed at height where there is a risk of injury irrespective of fall height. Work performed at height includes construction of temporary or permanent structures, access to and/or maintenance of fixed and mobile plant, loading and unloading of trucks, working adjacent to excavations or trenches and ongoing use of a structure post construction. This standard includes the prevention of both falling people and objects.

2. PLANNING

Design Where Ahrens are undertaking design, safety in design reviews must specifically include the consideration of work at heights to eliminate hazards in the design wherever possible.

Risk Controls The risk control hierarchy below must be used in all risk assessments during design and construction phases:

1. Can the need to work at height be avoided to eliminate the risk of a fall?

• Carry out any work that involves the risk of a fall on the ground

2. Can the fall be prevented by working on solid construction?

• A building or structure that is used as an existing place of work and includes safe access and egress from which there is no risk of a fall from one level to another, for example properly constructed stairs with fixed handrails, flat roofs with a parapet or permanently installed guard rails around the edges.

3. Can the risk of a fall be minimised by providing and maintaining a safe system of work, including:

• providing a fall prevention device (for example, installing guard rails or scaffold) or • providing a work positioning system (for example, elevated work platform or an industrial

rope access system) if it is not reasonably practicable to provide a fall prevention device, or

• providing a fall-arrest system, if it is not reasonably practicable to provide a fall prevention device or a work positioning system.

In some cases a combination of control measures may be necessary, for example using a safety harness while working from an elevating work platform.

3. OPERATIONS

WORK ON THE GROUND Eliminating the need to work at height is the most effective way of protecting workers from the risk of falls. Examples of eliminating the risk by working on the ground include: • prefabricating roofs at ground level

HIGHER ORDER CONTROLS

LOWER ORDER CONTROLS

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• prefabricating wall frames horizontally, then standing them up

• using mechanical tarp spreaders to cover loads on trucks from the ground

• fitting outlets, inlets and controls of large tanks and silos near the ground

WORK ON A SOLID CONSTRUCTION Working on a solid construction provides an environment where the likelihood of a fall may be eliminated. ‘Solid construction’ means an area that: • is structurally capable of supporting workers, material and any other loads applied to it

• is provided with barriers around its perimeter and around any openings from or through which a person could fall

• has an even, accessible surface and gradient

• has a safe means of entry and exit.

BARRIERS

Barriers (or edge protection) to prevent a person falling over edges and into holes should be provided on relevant parts of a solid construction. These include: • the perimeters of buildings or other structures

• mezzanine floors

• openings in floors

• the open edge of a stair, landing, platform or shaft opening

The barrier should be designed and constructed to withstand the force of someone falling against it.

Edge protection should consist of guard rails, solid balustrades or other structural components, for example wire mesh supported by posts and provided with a reinforced top edge. The top of the guard rail or component should be between 900 mm and 1100 mm above the working surface. If a guard rail system is used, it should also have mid-rails and toe boards or wire mesh infill panels.

If access is required to equipment (for example, a hoist) it should be protected with gates, safety chains or other means to prevent a person falling.

PROTECTION OF OPENINGS AND HOLES

Holes, penetrations and openings through which a person could fall should be made safe immediately after being formed. • If a cover is used as a control measure, it must be made of a material that is strong enough to

prevent persons or objects falling through and must be securely fixed to prevent any dislodgement or accidental removal.

FALL PREVENTION DEVICES A fall prevention device is any equipment that is designed to prevent a fall for temporary work at heights, and once in place does not require any further adjustment by workers using the device.

TEMPORARY WORK PLATFORMS

A ‘temporary work platform’ is a working platform, other than a permanently installed fixed platform, used to provide a working area for the duration of the job. The design of the platform prevents workers from falling.

Temporary work platforms include scaffolds, elevating work platforms, mast climbers, workboxes, building maintenance units, portable or mobile fabricated platforms or any other platform that provides a working area and is designed to prevent a fall.

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SCAFFOLDING

Scaffolding can be very effective protection in preventing falls. Scaffolding work platforms are generally rated as light, medium or heavy duty. Safety requirements include: • scaffolding conforms to AS/NZS 4576 Guidelines for scaffolding and the AS/NZS 1576

Scaffolding series

• all scaffolding is erected, altered and dismantled by competent persons. Any scaffold from which a person or object could fall more than four metres must be erected, altered and dismantled by or under the direct supervision of a licensed scaffolder.

• prefabricated scaffolds are of the same type and not mixed components, unless the mixing of components has been approved by the manufacturer

• safe access to and egress from the scaffold is provided

• edge protection (hand rails, mid-rails and toe boards) is provided at every open edge of a work platform

ELEVATING WORK PLATFORMS

Elevating Work Platforms (EWPs) include scissor lifts, cherry pickers, boom lifts and travel towers.

Safety requirements include: • workers operating the platform are trained and instructed in safe operating procedures for the

particular brand and type of equipment, as well as the safe use of fall-arrest equipment and emergency rescue procedures

• the platforms are only used as working platforms and not as a means of entering and exiting a work area unless the conditions set out in the relevant standard (AS 2550.10 Cranes, hoists and winches – Safe use – Mobile elevating work platforms) are met including the stability of the landing area, adequate fall protection including double lanyard system, and safe distance from the landing area.

• unless designed for rough terrain, the platforms are used only on a solid level surface

• the surface area is checked to make sure that there are no penetrations or obstructions that could cause uncontrolled movement or overturning of the platform

• the manufacturer’s or supplier’s instructions are consulted for information on safe operation

• persons working in travel towers, boom lifts or cherry pickers wear a properly anchored safety harness

• workers are licensed when operating boom-type elevating work platforms with a boom length of 11 metres or more

SAFETY MESH

Safety mesh is designed to prevent internal falls through a roof. If securely fixed, safety mesh provides fall protection for roof installers. • Safety mesh does not prevent falls from the edge of a roof or through holes in a roof, so it

should always be used in conjunction with appropriate edge protection, guard rails or fall-arrest systems.

• Safety mesh should comply with AS/NZS 4389 Safety mesh

• The mesh should be formed from 2 mm diameter wire of not less than 450 MPa tensile strength, welded into a mesh with the longitudinal wires not more than 150 mm apart and the cross wires not more than 300 mm apart.

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• Safety mesh should be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions by competent persons, who should be protected against the risk of falling by using appropriate control measures such as scaffolding, elevating work platforms or fall-arrest systems.

• Particular care is required to ensure that the mesh is securely connected to the structure and the overlap between adjacent sections of mesh is sufficient to generate the necessary strength to resist the force of a person falling onto it. The safety mesh should be covered by the roof cladding as soon as reasonably practicable after it has been installed.

• Work exclusion areas under mesh areas – refer to page 6

WORK POSITIONING SYSTEMS A work positioning system involves the use of equipment that enables a person to work supported in a harness in tension in such a way that a fall is prevented.

FALL RESTRAINT

A restraint technique controls a person’s movement by physically preventing the person reaching a position at which there is a risk of a fall. It consists of a harness that is connected by a lanyard to an anchorage or horizontal life line. It must be set up to prevent the wearer from reaching an unprotected edge.

A restraint technique is suitable for use where: • the user can maintain secure footing without having to tension the restraint line and without

the aid of any other hand hold or lateral support. When deciding whether secure footing can be maintained, consider:

o the slope of the surface

o the supporting material type

o the surface texture of the surface and whether it is likely to be wet, oily or otherwise slippery

• the horizontal life lines are fitted with an industrial shock absorber when required

• the restraint system conforms with AS/NZS 1891 Industrial fall-arrest systems and devices series.

Restraint techniques should only be used if it is not reasonably practicable to prevent falls by providing a physical barrier (for example, a guard rail). This is because restraint techniques require a high level of user skill to operate safely and also greater supervision.

A restraint system should be installed by a competent person in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Restraint anchorage should be designed for fall-arrest loading.

An individual fall-arrest system should be used instead of restraint techniques if any of the following situations apply: • the user can reach a position where a fall is possible

• the user has a restraint line that can be adjusted in length so that a free fall position can be reached

• there is a danger the user may fall through the surface, for example fragile roofing material

• the slope is over 15 degrees

FALL ARREST

A fall-arrest system is intended to safely stop a worker falling an uncontrolled distance and reduce the impact of the fall. This system must only be used if it is not reasonably practicable to use higher level controls or if higher level controls might not be fully effective in preventing a fall on their own.

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All equipment used for fall-arrest should be designed, manufactured, selected and used in compliance with the AS1891 series of standards. These details must be maintained within the MSR02.02 Fall Arrest Equipment Register.

Key safety considerations in using fall arrest systems are: • the correct selection, installation and use of the equipment

• that the equipment and anchorages are designed, manufactured and installed to be capable of withstanding the force applied to them as a result of a person’s fall

• that the system is designed and installed so that the person travels the shortest possible distance before having the fall stopped

• that workers using a fall-arrest system wear adequate head protection to protect them in the event of a fall

• that if the equipment has been used to arrest a fall it is not used again until it has been inspected and certified by a competent person as safe to use.

LADDERS

Where ladders are required to be used as a working platform, platform ladders must be used as first preference as these allow a persons hands free to work without trying to maintain three points of contact.

Any ladder used at a workplace must be set up on a solid and stable surface, and set up so as to prevent the ladder from slipping. Ladders should have a load rating of at least 120 kg and be manufactured for industrial use.

Extension or single ladders should generally only be used as a means of access to or egress from a work area. They should only be used as a working platform for light work of short duration that can be carried out safely on the ladder.

Single and extension ladders can be prevented from slipping by: • placing ladders at a slope of 4:1, and setting up stepladders in the fully opened position

• securing ladders at the top or bottom, or if necessary, at both ends

ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS ‘NO GO’ or EXCLUSION ZONES • Clear warning signs are required to warn people not to access the hazardous area.

• Supervision or spotters must ensure no unauthorized persons enter the ‘no go’ area.

• Highly visible and secure barriers should be used in conjunction with signage to cordon-off areas where there is a risk of falling or being hit by falling objects.

PERMITS • MRS02.01 Working at Heights Permit must be authorised by the site supervisor for access to

areas where travel restraint systems or fall-arrest systems are to be used.

SAFE WORK PROCEDURES (SWMS OR SOPs) • A Safe Work Procedure describes the steps involved in safely undertaking the task taking into

consideration the hazards, nature of work, equipment or training required.

• These must be completed by the workers involved in the works and approved by a supervisor prior to work commencing.

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES • An emergency and rescue procedure for falls must be developed wherever work involving fall-

arrest equipment is undertaken.

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• These plans must be tested so that they are effective and all personnel involved in the work have been trained in the rescue process.

• First aid trained personnel and first aid equipment must be available also.

4. TRAINING & COMPETENCY • Supervisors of persons conducting work at heights must be appropriately trained to ensure

they are able to ensure employees meet the requirements of this standard.

• Persons using travel restraint or fall arrest systems must be trained in the selection, use, assembly, maintenance and inspection of the equipment.

• Persons installing travel restraint or fall arrest systems must be familiar with the methods of installation for the system and competent in assessing supporting points, i.e.

o A competent rigger when installing a system, such as handrails attached to a structure; or

o A competent person when installing anchor points.

5. DOCUMENTATION MRS02.01 Working at Heights Permit

MRS02.02 Fall Arrest Equipment Register

6. REFERENCES

Regulatory National Code of Practice – Managing the Risk of Falls at Workplaces, March 2015

AS/NZS 4576:1995 : Guidelines for scaffolding AS/NZS 1269.1:2005

AS 1657 Fixed Platforms Walkways Stairways and Ladders

AS/NZS 1891.4 – 2009 Industrial fall-arrest systems & devices - Harnesses and ancillary equipment (Series)

7. DEFINITIONS

Work at Height A point at which a person is at risk of injury from a fall.

Fall Restraint A system to physically prevent a person reaching a position at which there is the risk of a fall from an unprotected edge.

Fall Arrest A system to safely stop a person falling an uncontrolled distance and reduce the impact of the fall.

Competent A person who has acquired through training, qualification or experience the knowledge and skills to undertake a task.

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MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS03 Scaffold

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Major Risk Standard | MRS03 Scaffold 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This standard applies to fixed, mobile and swinging stage scaffolding. The requirements of MRS02 Working at Heights & Falling Objects and MRS04 Temporary Works also apply and should be referenced.

2. PLANNING

• Scaffolds shall be designed and item registered in accordance with AS/NZS 1576.1 Scaffolding Part 1 General Requirements and erected, altered and dismantled in accordance with AS/NZS 4576 Guidelines for Scaffolding.

• When erecting scaffolds, the effects of extreme wind and rain should be considered. Environmental loads imposed by wind and rain and rain may be heightened if perimeter containment screens, shade cloth or signs are attached to the scaffold. Scaffold planks and components including screens must be suitably restrained. Any additional loads applied to a scaffold should be checked by a suitably qualified engineer or designer.

• Scaffold plans must show details of bracing, ties, number of working decks, access, maximum loadings, height clearances (e.g. loading platforms) etc.

• The stability of ground is to be evaluated, as adequate, prior to installation of scaffolding.

• In the case of swing stage scaffolds (prior to first use and at 6 monthly intervals) a 3rd party independent review and certification upon initial installation and thereafter by a competent engineer to confirm compliance to manufacturers specifications. This includes documented confirmation that the plant has been installed, maintained and inspected, as per the manufacturer’s specifications. Details of the manufacturer’s specifications, actual design as installed details, and maintenance inspection regimes must be provided to Ahrens.

- The engineer/competent person must confirm that: (i) all structural anchorages have been installed and tested to manufacturers/design engineer’s instructions and (ii) where temporary anchorages include metal tubes as part of the tie arrangements, stop-ends must be provided so as to prevent ties from pulling off the end of the tubes.

3. OPERATIONS • Scaffolds must be used as per manufacturer’s recommendations and suppliers specifications.

• Ahrens shall ensure a handover certificate (or signed scafftag) is received for scaffolding over 4 metres to verify that the scaffolding is ready for use and compliant with the AS4576 Guidelines for scaffolding. A copy of the handover certificate will be retained by the site.

• A scafftag or similar system shall be used to indicate that a scaffold is completed, ready for use and displayed at the access point.

• A regular means of scaffolding inspection should be conducted:

- When first constructed;

- Following alterations or an occurrence where structure or stability is affected;

- Before its use following repairs; and

- At intervals not exceeding 30 days.

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• If a scaffold is incomplete and left unattended, a hard physical barrier must be in place at potential entry points and warning signs must be used, to prevent unauthorised access.

• Work must only be undertaken on completed scaffolds, unless the work involves the erection or dismantling of the scaffold.

• Suitable fall protection is to be used for erection and dismantling of all scaffold where there is a risk of persons falling 2m or more. A minimum of 2 persons is required for scaffold erection/dismantling greater than 4m.

• No mixing and matching of scaffold components from one scaffold type to another is allowed (unless certification from the original manufacturers of each of the mixed components has been obtained)

• Containment screening is to be used around any scaffold where there is a risk of objects falling. Screens must be physically secured via an approved method.

• Scaffold decks should be maintained free of debris and potential falling objects.

• Load limits shall be determined for each scaffold.

• Hollow screw jacks are not be used on the base of any scaffold (unless engineer design approved).

MOBILE SCAFFOLD

• All mobile scaffolding is to be fitted with safe means of access onto the working platform and be fitted with handrails and lockable wheels.

• No persons are permitted on scaffold platform while it is moving

REQUIREMENTS FOR WORKING WITH SWING-STAGE SCAFFOLDS

• All persons using a swing-stage scaffold must use a suitable fall arrest system at all times.

• Emergency retrieval rescue procedures must be allowed for, and all harnesses, lanyards and static lines must be installed and attached to one of, or a combination of the following elements;

- A vertical line independent to the plant and specifically engineered for that purpose; and

- An engineered anchor point or horizontal static line fabricated and certified by the manufacturer or independent engineer for that purpose; or

- A transportable temporary independent anchor point engineered for that purpose


• All personnel involved in scaffolding work should hold the appropriate high risk work licence in accordance with the National Standard for Licensing Persons Performing High Risk Work (SB: Basic Scaffolding, SI: Intermediate Scaffolding and SA: Advanced Scaffolding)

• Erection or dismantling requires an appropriate high risk work licence where risks of falling > 4 metres.

• For scaffolds < 4 metres, a competent person must erect and dismantle.

• All modifications must be carried out by a licenced and authorised person on the project.

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5. REFERENCES MRS02 Working at Heights & Falling Objects and MRS04 Temporary Works

Regulatory AS/NZS 1576.1: Scaffolding Part 1: General Requirements AS/NZS 4576: Guidelines for Scaffolding

6. DEFINITIONS Scaffold Temporary structures for supporting access platforms or working platforms Engineer Registered engineer with competency to perform the task Competent Person A person who has the acquired thorough training/qualification, experience,

knowledge and the skill to carry out the work

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MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS04 Temporary Works

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Major Risk Standard | MRS04 Temporary Works 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE This standard applied to the management of temporary works including formwork falsework shorting systems, bridge beams and tilt-up/precast concrete construction.

2. PLANNING

GENERAL

• At the commencement of a project the Project Manager shall identify the type of temporary works required and nominate responsible consultants/representatives to undertake the design and verification required.

• Project personnel will be provided with clear advice on what work is classified as

temporary work, e.g. formwork, tilt-up. Precast, back-propping, shoring of excavations, demolition, falsework etc.

• Safety in Design Reviews and Project Risk Assessments should seek to eliminate or minimise work at height during the erection and dismantling of temporary works via means including prefabrication of shutters and reinforcement cages at ground level.

• A SWMS must be prepared for work that involves structural alterations or repairs

that require temporary support to prevent collapse.

• Emergency Plans must address work in slipform/jumpform and other temporary works, including arrangements for rescue of persons from within the system.

DESIGN

• All temporary structural supports must be designed by a certified engineer.

• An independent and qualified engineer must verify (certify) the design is compliant to the applicable Australian Standard:

o AS3610 for formwork

o AS4744.1 for steel shoring systems;

o AS5047 for hydraulic shorting systems; and

o AS3850 for tilt-up/precast concrete construction

• Design drawings should explain in detail: o The stages and sequence of installation/use of props-support/erection/removal of

temporary support structure;

o The compatible rigging equipment; and

o The methods for safe access for the purposes of erecting and dismantling the temporary work e.g. jumpform/slipform systems must include both internal and external means of access/egress.

• The project shall establish the minimum requirements for design verification of temporary works

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3. OPERATIONS

GENERAL

• During erection of the temporary works structure, inspections should check:

o Erection is as per design documentation: o The orientation and location of components, including bracing members; o Use of temporary supports; and o Proper installation of the correct connectors, couplers and fittings

• Components shall be inspected for damage and damaged components shall be segregated and not installed

• An inspection and maintenance program for all equipment such as bracing, rigging, and

lifting points shall be in place for the duration of the works

• Equipment SWLs and ratings must be identified on equipment, including rating plates on panel braces

EXCLUSION ZONES

• Areas being erected, stripped and dismantled shall be completely isolated from other workers using physical measures and signage

LIFTING OF TEMPORARY STRUCTURAL SUPPORT SYSTEMS

• Any lifting of temporary structural support systems (e.g. pre-cast concrete panels, beams, etc.) by a crane, must have the lifting point and method certified by the designer/manufacturer

• Where chemical or friction anchorages are used they should be pull tested before use

• Lifting gear (including clamps, blocks, etc.) must be inspected and certified compliant to the applicable Australian standard

• Do not allow lifting of temporary works systems (e.g. peri formwork, pre-cast panels,

super Ts etc) without a competent person approving the crane lifting method and a specific SWMS for the activity

• For concrete panels the following must be obtained

o Concrete panel manufacturer certificate of compliance/ITP’s

o Concrete test results (as per Australian Standards) which is every 50 m3

o Engineering certification of brace fixings (ETC mechanical/chemical);

o Engineering certification on bracing Type/Support;

o Engineer Certification/Procedure standing/sitting panels that may need to be stored on site

PROTECTION OF TEMPORARY STRUCTURES

• All temporary works structural components must be assessed for the potential of being struck by mobile plant, lifting loads, light vehicles or public vehicles, if there is a risk then physical protection must be provided. Physical protection measures must be selected based on risk assessment.

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REDUCING RISK OF FALLING PERSONS AND/OR OBJECTS

• Method of erection and dismantling of formwork/falsework should be from below using temporary platform systems (a minimum of 450mm wide) where possible, Where this is not possible then the installation of catch platforms is required

• The design should incorporate protection to prevent falling objects

• Edge protection should be installed as part of the erection process. Work must not be conducted on decks with exposed edges, Catch decks are not a preferred option

• Work must not be conducted with unprotected floor openings

• Penetrations and risers must either have a structural mesh cast or must be protected with securely fixed covers. Large penetrations should have handrails. Refer to MRS02 Work at Heights & Falling Objects for details on penetration controls

• All lift/elevator shafts must be secured with locked gates. Safe work platforms must be

provided for all those working in lift shafts. Overhead protection should always be provided.

• Check that persons installing or altering fall protection measures used in temporary work construction (i.e. safety lines or scaffolds) are competent or hold the required high risk license e.g. basic scaffolding or rigging license)

PRIOR TO POURING CONCRETE OR LOADING

• Prior to loading, the design engineer engage by the project must inspect the temporary structure. The inspection shall verify the as built is complaint with design including;

o The erection confirms to the design documentation;

o The dimensional accuracies, plumb and straightness are within the specified tolerances;

o The foundations are adequate; they are not likely to be disturbed and that they and the lower party of the supporting structure are not liable to damage by interference, accident, traffic, scouring or undermining;

o Soleplates, if required by the design documentation, are properly bedded down, levelled, and where necessary, adequately supported;

o Members are correctly positioned and connected;

o The stipulated limits of adjustable components (e.g. adjustable jacks and U-heads) have not been exceeded;

o All required components, pins, bolts, nuts, clips, and similar components are undamaged and are of the correct type and have been correctly inserted and are secure;

o The temporary structure is clear of debris, and

o There is access provided

• The design engineer must provide a written certificate/report that the structure is built as per the design and is ready for its intended use – prior to the placement of concrete

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4. TRAINING & COMPETENCY Design or verification (certification) of temporary works shall be performed by a person nominated by the Project Manager. The Project Manager shall take into consideration the following competency requirements when nominating the designer and verifier:

a. The complexity and type of temporary work being designed and verified; b. The qualifications and experience of the nominee (typically a minimum of 5 years’

experience); and

c. Professional indemnity insurance implications

Other relevant site personnel (engineers and supervisors) may assist with concept designs and assessment of as built

Workers must be competent (e.g. persons involved in precast concrete panel erection must hold an appropriate high risk work license)

Workers must be instructed in the stages and sequence of erection/dismantling of all temporary works

Where temporary works require installation and alteration of fall protection measures (e.g. anchorages, safety lines, handrails, etc.) to control the risk of falling 4m or greater, the workers must hold at least a basic scaffolding license

5. REFERENCES Regulatory AS3610 Formwork for concrete

AS3600 Concrete structures AS3850 Tilt Up Concrete Construction AS2550 series, Cranes, safe use

ASCC National Code of Practice for Precast, Tilt up & Concrete Elements in Construction

6. DEFINITIONS Inspecting Engineer A person who has acquired through training, qualification or

experience the knowledge and skills to inspect the works.

05.03.01

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS05 Isolation

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Major Risk Standard | MRS05 Isolation 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This standard addresses the requirements for effective isolation of plant and equipment from potential energy sources prior to work being carried out. Energy sources include:

• Hydraulic, electrical, chemical (incl. toxic, radioactive, corrosive), team, explosive, pneumatic, heat, gravity, solar, pressurized, extreme heat, and cold.

2. PLANNING Site HSEQ Risk Assessments must identify the need for isolation to ensure energy sources that may be hazardous are controlled.

The use of this isolation procedure must occur when the following plant and equipment interactions occur:

• Carrying out maintenance on plant or equipment;

• Moving equipment when not in use

• Repairing equipment;

• Modifying equipment;

• Breaking into pipes or lines;

• Carrying out electrical wiring;

• Fault and/or problem finding;

• Commissioning/decommissioning;

• Equipment is found to be faulty;

• Working on or near equipment with energy sources. i.e. work on potentially moving parts; and

• Any other task which may involve exposure of personnel to any stored energy.

For multiple or more complex isolations then the workplace shall develop a suitably detailed isolation procedure.

3. OPERATIONS When undertaking any of the above listed interactions the following isolation steps must be applied:

• Complete a documented risk assessment 05.05.01 SWMS Template

(this should be prepared with specific details of the steps required to effectively isolate each item e.g. isolate and lock-off valve V1).

• Shut the plant down (complex systems may have to be shut down in a certain sequence)

• Identify all energy sources and other hazards (this can be undertaken via risk assessment, consultation with manufacturer, local/client knowledge). All services must be positively identified and tagged

• Identify all isolation points

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MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS05 Isolation

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(Identify all isolation points for the identified energy sources. Isolation points should be clearly identifiable and able to be reached and operated quickly)

Note: Emergency stop buttons, lanyards and similar stop devices on their own will not achieve correct isolation

• Isolate all energy sources (both near and far)

• Control or de-energise all stored energies

• Locking out all isolation points, using personal padlocks or multi-padlock hasps and personal padlocks for an isolation that involves two or more people.

• Install a danger tag

• Test the isolation is effective by ‘trying’ to reactivate the plant without exposing the tester or others to risk.

4. TRAINING & COMPETENCY • Persons coordinating isolation will be trained in this standard and relevant site specific

requirements

• All site personnel will be informed of this standard during the induction process

5. REFERENCES 05.05.01 SWMS Template

Regulatory National Standard for Construction Work

6. DEFINITIONS Residual Energy Stored energy sources that can cause injury or damage if intentionally or

unintentionally operated

05.03.01

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS06 Electrical

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Major Risk Standard | MRS06 Electrical 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This standard applies to the management of electrical safety on Ahrens construction sites and workshops. MRS05 Isolation should be referred to for all electrical isolations. Electrical installations should be based on the Code of Practice for Managing Electrical Risks in the Workplace and WHS relevant Acts and Regulations in each State and Territory.

2. PLANNING

• Risks associated with electrical work and commissioning must be considered in the project risk assessment and where applicable during safety in design and constructability reviews.

• Electrical designs must be prepared by the relevant electrical contractor for each site temporary electrical installations.

• Selection of subcontractors performing electrical works shall consider the experience, subcontractors systems and competency based on the complexity and type of electrical work being performed. For example, where complex electrical switching and isolation is required then the subcontractor should demonstrate the necessary systems e.g. Isolation plans.

• Electrical commissioning plans must be developed to clearly explain the processes for energisation and the appropriate safe systems of work. This includes inspection and test requirements and SWMS.

3. OPERATIONS

GENERAL ELECTRICAL TOOLS INCLUDING LEADS

• Inspection, testing and tagging must be conducted in accordance with AS/NZS3760 & AS/NZS3012 by a licenced electrician and or qualified person as determined in the Australian Standard.

• All electrical tools and equipment must have a current inspection tag.

• A register of electrical items on site must be maintained by the owner of the tools.

• Leads must be kept out of dirt, mud and water, and should be kept off the ground where the power source is more than 5m from the work area. Leads should be confined to the same floor or level as the power source.

• For leads that are suspended they must be supported by insulated components, stands and isolated by using lead hooks.

• Electrical extension leads must be inspected for serviceability before every use. If you see cracked or brittle insulation, nicks and cuts to the insulation or damage to the end plugs the cable must be retired or repaired by a licenced electrician. Extension leads are required to have the clear, shrouded plugs

• Earth leakage devices must be fitted to mains supply or portable generators (AS/NZS3000).

• Electrical testing equipment shall be registered, tagged and calibrated.

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POWER DISTRIBUTION BOARDS (DBs) / SWITCHBOARDS

• Switchboards must comply with AS/NZS3012

• There must be clear access to the switchboard

• A serviceable fire extinguisher must be on hand, typically near to the switchboard

• DB’s must be secure so that they can’t tip, fall or be pulled over and should be protected from mobile plant and load lifting activities

• Tested and tagged as for other electrical equipment

• Main breakers must be lockable, the key held by a supervisor or the electrician

• All markings/labels should be clear and legible and specific to the site

LIGHTING

• Lighting in crib rooms and amenities must have protective cage or diffuser

• Access lighting must be sufficient to ensure that all workers can access the work site safely

• Task lighting must be adequate for the work activities being undertaken in accordance with AS/NZS3012. Subcontractors are responsible for providing task lighting. The supervisor will ensure that it is in place and effective

• Lighting (particularly halogen lights) must not be located near combustible materials

• Emergency evacuation back up lighting must be installed in stairways and passageways and for exit signs

PORTABLE GENERATORS

• Where possible power should be supplied by the electrical distribution network

- When generators are being used they must:

- Comply with AS/NZS 2790 – Portable electricity generating sets – transportable (up to 25kW)

- Be fitted with a 30mA RCD for use with electrical power tools; and

- Be properly earthed where necessary

INSTALLATION AND COMMISSIONG

• All energy sources must be identified and clearly marked prior to work commencing. Live cabling must be protected from mechanical damage.

• All conductors (including earthing conductors) shall be treated as live until deemed safe by a qualified electrician

• Electrical isolation reviews and inspections shall be conducted by the electrical contractor and Ahrens

• Before and after supply is restored, appropriate checks and tests shall verify that the equipment is electrically safe and functioning as expected. Records of tests and checks shall be maintained

• Electrical wiring maps (including switchboards) shall be developed and maintained as up to date on Ahrens sites

• Isolation and de-energisation practices must be used where possible refer to MRS-Isolation for further detail

• LIVE work is NOT permitted on Ahrens sites. The only exception is where the Project Manager provides written approval for testing and commissioning that requires live work. Any work on critical utilities must be directed by the utility provider

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ELECTRICAL INCIDENTS

• All electric shocks, no matter how minor, must be notified immediately to the Ahrens supervisor and HSE Department so that notification to the appropriate Regulator can occur as per 09.03 Dangerous Occurrences. An internal investigation shall be conducted for all incidents in accordance with 09.02 Incident Investigation.


• Electrical work must only be undertaken by licenced electricians, and evidence of licenses must be provided prior to work activities commencing

• Relevant local regulator and/or network licences and/or permits shall be determined prior to commencement

• Anyone who makes decisions regarding the use of electricity must have an understanding of legislative and regulatory requirements for safe use of electricity

5. REFERENCES MRS05 Isolation 09.02 Incident Investigation 09.03 Dangerous Occurrences

Regulatory AS1674.1 Safety in welding and allied process – fire precautions

AS2790 Electricity generating sets – transportable (up to 25kW)

AS/NZS3000 Electrical Installations (wiring rules); AS/NZS 3012 Construction and

Demolition sites

AS/NZS4836 Safe working on low voltage electrical installations

AS/NZS3017 Electrical installations – testing guidelines

AS/NZ3190 Approval and test specification – residual current devices

AS/NZS3760 In service safety inspection and testing of electrical equipment

AS/NZS61558 Safety of power transformed, power supply units and similar

Relevant Energy Network Provider – electrical safety rules

6. DEFINITIONS Live Work Electrically not isolated and not proved de-energised. Works normally associated with

connecting, disconnecting, contacting active, neutral or active conductors or conducting parts intended for energizing in normal use with anything other than appropriate testing device

Isolation Separated for all sources of electrical energy by the opening of switches, withdrawal

or circuit breakers, links, connections and the like and rendered incapable of being energized unintentionally.

05.03.01

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS07 Hazardous Substances and Dangerous Goods

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Major Risk Standard | MRS07 Hazardous Substances and Dangerous Goods

1. PURPOSE & SCOPE This standard applies to the use, storage and disposal of workplace substances such as chemicals, hazardous substances and dangerous goods.

2. PLANNING

ASSESSING RISK

The hierarchy of controls and risk matrix rating in the risk assessment should be considered prior to the introduction of any hazardous substance and dangerous goods into the workplace. Refer 05.01 Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Control of Risks

The risk assessment using the SDS (Safety Data Sheet) as a reference must be conducted for all ‘dangerous goods’ and ‘hazardous substances’, using MRS07.02 Hazardous Substances Risk Assessment.

The risk assessment should consider particular controls required to manage:

• Appropriate storage and refueling processes, including any security requirements ;

• Handling transportation around site;

• Safe use and application;

• Recycling and disposal; and

• Requirements to manage spillage and release

MANAGING HAZARDSOUS SUBSTANCES AND DANGEROUS GOODS MANIFESTS

• A register of all hazardous substances on the site must be maintained, including details of associated risk assessment and SDS. Refer MRS07.01 SDS Register.

• Conduct an assessment of the quantity of dangerous goods on site against the threshold quantities in legislation. Where thresholds are met, prepare a manifest of dangerous goods and a requirement to notify the regulator may be required. Contact the HSE department for advice if you think you have higher than normal chemical storage on site.

3. OPERATIONS • Ensure SDS’s are accessible at the point of use and reviewed every 5 years.

• Ensure registers of all workplace substances are maintained and accessible within their area of control.

• A register of SDS may be used as either hard copy or electronically.

• Ensure that labelling of chemicals meets the code of practice for “Labelling of Workplace Hazardous Chemicals”.

• If any pre-existing hazardous substances are found to be present in any structures, a risk assessment must be undertaken to identify and assess the best strategies to manage the risks. This would include removal, encapsulation or ongoing monitoring or control.

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• Always have signage for hazardous substance storage areas.

• Dangerous goods storage areas must be located away from high traffic areas, pedestrian zones and environmentally sensitive areas.

• Chemical storage should be reviewed to make sure that storage amounts meet regulatory registration requirements with the relevant WHS/EPA Authority.

• All redundant underground storage tanks are to be removed by approved contractor.

• All chemical removal is handled by registered hazardous substances Authorities.

GENERAL

• All hazardous substances and dangerous goods supplied or imported into Australia are required to have an SDS available, that as a minimum is consistent with the National Code of Practice for Preparation of Material Safety Data Sheets

• The SDS must be accessible to persons who may be affected by the storage and use of the chemical

• Registers of the SDS must be maintained on site, including a copy of SDS’s in the first aid facility or Site Office.

LABELLING AND STORAGE

• Dangerous goods (DG) storage areas shall be appropriately placarded

• All containers used to store hazardous substances in the workplace should be clearly labelled and include the product name, manufacturer contact details, first aid information and safe handling information

• All DG and hazardous substances must be stored, transported and used in such a way as to minimize the risk of spills and subsequent contamination (including segregation distances between DG classes). Refer MRSE05 Bunding & Spills.

• Security of dangerous goods is required and when not in use, dangerous goods must as a minimum be stored within a bunded area which is protected from water ingress

• Removal of DG and/or hazardous substances requires careful assessment and review of specific state legislation for the particular substance. The EHS practitioner should be consulted where personnel are unsure

INCIDENT AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT

• Site layout and emergency plans should include dangerous goods storage areas and spill kit locations

• Maintain emergency manifests for sites with a notifiable quantity of dangerous goods

• Identify potential incidents and emergency involving chemicals and ensure these are adequately addressed in the Emergency Response Plan. This includes the provisions for major exclusion zones if there are fires around compresses gases eg. Acetylene

• Appropriate spill kits must always be available in the vicinity of any storage or handling of dangerous goods and hazardous substances

• Ensure first aid facilities appropriate to deal with a potential injury from the use and handling of the chemicals on site, are identified and readily available.

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4. DOCUMENTS MRS07.01 SDS Register

MRS07.02 Hazardous Substances Risk Assessment

5. TRAINING & COMPETENCY • Ensure workers who store and handling or may be affected by hazardous

substances/dangerous goods are adequately trained to enable them to person their tasks safely

• Spill management instruction must be provided to relevant staff

• Ensure frequencies for testing spill management is defined within Emergency Response Plans.

6. REFERENCES 05.01.01 Site HSEQ Risk Assessment 05.05.01 SWMS Template MRE05 Bunding and Spills Regulatory National Model Regulation for Control of Workplace Hazardous Substances

AS/NZS 1596: The storage and handling of LP Gas AS 1940: The storage and handling of flammable and combustible liquids AS 3780: The storage and handling of corrosive substances AS/NZS: 3833: The storage and handling of mixed gases of dangerous goods in

packages and intermediate bulk containers

7. DEFINITIONS SDS Safety Data Sheet

Toxic Spill Material which is an oxidising agent, flammable or harmful to people or the environment

05.03.01

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS08 Demolition

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Major Risk Standard | MRS08 Demolition 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This standard applied to construction demolition activities and should be read in conjunction with the Code of Practice for Demolition.

2. PLANNING

RISK ASSESSMENT

• A workplace risk assessment of the plant, buildings or equipment to be demolished must be carried out prior to the commencement of any demolition work to include:

- Hazardous Materials;

- Disposal of waste materials resulting from the demolition

- Isolation of plant and equipment and ancillary services;

- Decontamination of equipment to be demolished;

- Risks associated with plant and equipment working on suspended slabs;

- If applicable, site remediation and removal of asbestos; and

- Risks associated with leaving redundant plant and equipment in place

DEMOLITION MANAGEMENT PLAN

• Before commencement of demolition work, a Demolition Management Plan must be developed as per AS2601. This plan should include:

- A description of the structure, location, overall height, the least distance from the structure to each site boundary, and principle materials of construction;

- Details on any areas on site that pose a risk of fire/explosion or hazardous materials;

- Method of handling and disposal of demolished materials (in particular hazardous material);

- Method of demolition;

- Detail of how access and egress is to be maintained to site and occupant’s adjoining properties;

- Sequence that demolition work will be carried out;

- A description of any hoardings, scaffolding, fencing, and signage to be erected;

- Engineering investigations where mobile equipment is to be operated on suspended floor, where doubt exists with design arrangements, where structure has been weakened;

- The location, isolation and protection of services (drainage, sewerage, electricity, gas, water, telephone cables, radio, hydraulic/chemical lines, and hazardous material such as asbestos or SMF);

- Location of underground structures such as basements, cellars, or storage tanks;

- Nature and extent of retaining structures which support adjoining ground or buildings;

- Method of vermin/pest control;

- Control of dust and noise;

- Licensing and permit requirements; and

- List of safe working procedures.

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HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES

• A Hazardous Materials Assessment must be completed by a qualified competent person on the structure prior to demolition.

This should:

- Identify and assess the presence and condition of asbestos containing materials;

- Identify and assess other potentially hazardous materials (could include the presence of Synthetic Mineral Fibres, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, lead based, paint, smoke detectors, gas cylinders, biological hazards, etc.); and

- Provide recommendations to prevent or minimise the risk of exposure to hazardous material during the proposed works

DESIGN

• Design reports may be available for the structure to be demolished and all practicable steps should be taken to obtain this information. Examples include, the report prepared for the original construction or for subsequent additions or alterations to the structure.

• Safe Work Australia Code of Practice for Demolition Works provides further information on design requirements.

NOTIFICATION

• Prior to the commencement of any major demolition work, external parties who may be affected by the demolition (e.g. neighbours) should be formally notified.

• Notify the HSE Department of all proposed demolition activities

• Where required by WHS State & Territory legislation, notify the state safety regulatory authorities of proposed demolition work

3. OPERATIONS • Before commencement of work on site Ahrens and the respective subcontractor shall conduct a

site survey to establish:

- Identification of hazardous substances from the Hazardous Materials assessment

- Adjoining properties which are not included in the list of properties to be demolished;

- Record dilapidation of adjoining properties, structures, facilities and surfaces; and

- Material that is to be recycled

- Confirmation of energy sources and their isolation or physical protection

• Complete the Demolition Pre-Commencement Permit prior to commencement

• Erect hoarding, fencing and signage in accordance with AS2601. During demolition, redundant building or equipment should be sign-posted and access to them restricted

• Ensure overhead protective structures and Falling Object Protection Systems (FOPS) are erected in accordance with AS2294 series

• Where asbestos is identified the subcontractor shall engage appropriately Licenced Asbestos removalist contractors in accordance with MRS09 Asbestos

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4. TRAINING & COMPETENCY The demolisher must demonstrate a working knowledge of the holders WHS policy and procedures, WHS Legislation, AS 2601 Demolition work and any relevant codes of practice applicable to demolition work.

They must also:

Have at least three years relevant industry experience in the demolition of buildings or structures, including having successfully completed at least three major projects involving demolition work

Note: one way of demonstrating compliance with this requirement would be a written record (for example, a log book jointly signed by the person and the responsible person/s) that identifies:

• Supervisory experience;

• Dates of commencement and completion of the projects and

• Nature of the projects

The demolisher must hold:

• (A) a Statement of Attainment of a course in demolition or an equivalent course issued by a RTO that covers competencies which meet requirements under the AS2601; or

• (B) a relevant qualification, for example, a Degree in Construction Management or a Diploma or Associate Diploma in Building

5. DOCUMENTATION MRS08.01 Demolition Management Plan

6. REFERENCES MRS09 Asbestos

Regulatory AS2601 the Demolition of Structures

Safe Work Australia Code of Practice for Demolition Works

Each State WHS Act and Regulation requirements differ and should be referred to for legal requirements.

7. DEFINITIONS Demolition ‘Demolition work’ means to demolish or dismantle a structure or part of a structure

that is load-bearing or otherwise related to the physical integrity of the structure, but does not include:

- the dismantling of formwork, falsework, scaffolding or other structures designed or used to provide support, access or containment during construction work, or

- the removal of power, light or telecommunication poles.

Structure A structure is anything that is constructed, whether fixed or moveable, temporary or permanent, and includes buildings, sheds, towers, chimney stacks, silos, storage tanks.

05.03.01

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS09 Asbestos

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Major Risk Standard | MRS09 Asbestos 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This standard applies to work for the removal of asbestos and disposal.

The principles for this Major Risk Standard should be based on the WHS Act and Regulations for Asbestos in each State and Territory, and the Code of Practice for the Removal of Asbestos.

2. PLANNING If asbestos is identified in the workplace or is likely to be present, it must be identified on MRS09.02 Site Asbestos Register and an Asbestos Management Plan must be prepared. This plan must include the following information:

• The identification of asbestos including reference to the asbestos register and location of signage;

• Decisions (including the reason for those decisions) about the management of asbestos at the workplace (e.g process for minimising the hazard posed by asbestos and control measures etc);

• Procedures for detailing asbestos, incidents or emergencies;

• Consultation, information and training responsibilities for all workers and site personnel;

• Monitoring and surveillance process; and

• Disposal verification process.

3. OPERATIONS

Where asbestos is identified an Asbestos Register shall be established and the following actions shall be undertaken:

Possible Asbestos Containing Material (ACM) encountered

STEP 1 STOP WORK – Clear the area and inform Ahrens Site Manager IMMEDIATELY

STEP 2 Notify the Responsible Manager and HSE Department immediately and Asbestos Material is not to be handled or moved. Area to be flagged and sign posted

STEP 3 Responsible Manager is to inspect and determine nature/extent. Certified asbestos contractor and occupational hygienist to be consulted for next steps and recommendations.

STEP 4 If Asbestos confirmed, methodology to remove to be documented by specialist Contractor in consultation with Responsible Manager/HSE Department and Workplace Representative. Method to be approved by Responsible Manager in line with State Legislative Requirements.

STEP 5 Removal by licenced contractor in accordance with agreed methodology with disposal at a landfill lawfully licenced to accept it. Removal to be recorded in detail (quantity, nature, location) and photographed. Records of receipt retained. Notifications to regulator as per State Legislative requirements.

STEP 6 Clearance certificate is to be provided by the approved asbestos assessor for the area in which asbestos was removed for Class A & B asbestos removal. This may include air monitoring requirements.

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LICENSED ASBESTOS REMOVAL CONTRACTOR

The licenced asbestos removalist must provide Ahrens with;

• Asbestos removal licences for workers performing the removal works;

• A specific SWMS;

• Evidence of notification to the relevant authority;

• A site specific asbestos removal control plan (See Section 3.3 of the Safe Work Australia ‘How to Safely Remove Asbestos’ Code of Practice for guidance on the information required in a control plan); and

• Evidence of health surveillance for workers performing asbestos removal works – as per state legislation

• Complete an approved MRS09.01 Asbestos Permit.

IN ADDITION TO THE ABOVE, THE FOLLOWING REQUIREMENTS APPLY:

• The removalist must ensure that the works are appropriately supervised;

• Where there is uncertainty as to whether the exposure standard may be exceeded or if it is likely to be exceeded, and then air monitoring must be performed by a competent person who is independent of the removalist;

• At the completion of the removal works a clearance certificate must be obtained from a competent person (ie. Occupational Hygienist), independent of the removalist, prior to re-occupying the site; and

• A waste disposal certificate must be provided by the removalist following the completion of the works to prove that any asbestos containing material removed from the site has gone to an approved landfill facility.

• The Ahrens Project Manager must complete MRS09.01 Asbestos Permit

Detailed information on the safe removal of asbestos, including decontamination procedures, equipment to be used (e.g HEPA vacuum cleaner), removal methods, etc, is available in the Safe Work Australia Code of Practice ‘How to Safely Remove Asbestos’.

When Ahrens handover the site, a copy of the Asbestos Register shall be handed over to the new occupier.

4. TRAINING & COMPETENCY • Asbestos removal subcontractors shall be licenced as required by State and Territory WHS

Act & Regulations.

• Personnel shall be trained in asbestos awareness where there is any identified potential for asbestos.

• Training must reflect the specific type of asbestos work to be undertaken.

• Ahrens staff managing asbestos safety & environmental risks must be made aware of Asbestos Major Risk Standard requirements and training in asbestos awareness.

• Air monitoring and sampling shall be conducted by an occupational hygienist as required by applicable state regulations.

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5. DOCUMENTATION MRS09.01 Asbestos Permit MRS09.02 Site Asbestos Register

MRS09.03 Asbestos Management Plan

6. REFERENCES Regulatory WHS Acts & Regulations – Asbestos requirements under legislation.

Code of Practice for the safe removal of Asbestos.

Code of Practice for the Management & Control of Asbestos in workplaces.

Safe Work Australia National Code of Practice – How to safely remove Asbestos & how to manage and control Asbestos in the workplace.

AS3544 ‘Industrial vacuum cleaners for particulates hazardous to health’.

7. DEFINITIONS Asbestos Containing Material Any material which contains more than 1% of Asbestos

Friable Asbestos Any material that contains more than 1% asbestos by weight or area, depending on whether it is bulk or sheet material and can be crumbled, pulverised, or reduced to powder by pressure of an ordinary human hand.

Non-Friable Asbestos Any material that contains more than 1% asbestos, but cannot be pulverised under hand pressure.

05.03.01

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | Protection of Overhead Services

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Major Risk Standard | MRS10 Protection of Overhead Services 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This standard applies to the operation of cranes and mobile plant in proximity to overhead services.

2. PLANNING Ensure all overhead services are identified via site surveys and risk assessment prior to any work activities commencing. A site location plan should be prepared to identify the location of overhead services

Details of control measures selected shall be recorded in the SWMS. A drawing (sketch) showing details of the work arrangements and control mechanisms is recommended.

The following principles are to be used for the operation of cranes, mobile plant and trucks working near or around overhead power lines:

Consideration must be given to the design envelope of the plant:

1. Eliminate the hazard by:

A. Carry out the work in an area that will not allow the plant to come into contact with the

overhead services; B. Use an alternative plan which cannot encroach minimum distances; C. Remove and/or divert the overhead services; and D. Relocate travel routes.

2. Isolate the energy source feeding the overhead services:

A. Obtain a permit from the authority to confirm the isolation is in place; and B. Install positive isolation to prevent inadvertent re-energisation.

3. Engineer out the hazard by provided restrictors, luffing stops to plant and/or raise the

overhead services to prevent contact

4. Implement administrative controls by:

A. Providing a spotter to warn the operator when they are about to encroach the safe operating distance; and

B. Place warning signs/height gauges to warn operator of the Overhead Wire Hazard at approaches as determined by the risk assessment

5. Provide insulated sheathing (tiger tails) and use a spotter as above

A. Distances and controls should take into consideration the sag and away of conductors due to the effects of wine and temperature, especially near the center of large spans, as well as conditions sag as fog and dust where visibility may be restricted

6. Provide physical barriers to limit the travel distance from and height boards to prevent contact

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3. OPERATIONS

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

• Materials, plant and equipment are not to be stored directly under or directly adjacent to overhead services

• Any changes to work methods and/or conditions require a reassessment of the risks and review of the controls detailed in the SWMS

• Only the crane operator shall be in contact with the crane. Dogmen must use a tagline one the lift has commenced, and not tough the load or crane when operating in proximity to overhead lines

• Do not operate people plant or equipment within ‘no-go’ zones, within specific state based approach distances for ordinary persons. The only time this may be permissible is with prior written approval and permit from the Network Operator. Permits must be held by the Operator performing the work or in the operator cab.

DELINEATION OF OVERHEAD SERVICES

• All overhead services and back stays must be sign posted to clearly warn approaching plant or vehicles of the danger and where practical, delineated to prevent encroachment

• Where power lines or back stays are less than 6 metres above ground level and in a travelled pathway, a flag warning systems is required to be installed either side of the service

USING A SAFETY OBSERVER (TRAINED SPOTTER)

• A trained safety observer is required when working within the Operators standard safety clearance zone

• The safety observer must not do any other duties whilst performing safety observer duties, and can only observe one piece of plant at any one time. The dogman controlling the load is not to be used as the safety observer

• There must be a clear and constant communication between the operator and the safety observer

• The observer is to be positioned so that there is an unobstructed view of work being performed and the potential hazards from contact with the overhead services

CONTACT WITH OVERHEAD SERVICES

• Emergency Response Plans or SWMS should detail provision for the event of a services strike.

• Should any overhead service/asset be contacted the operator must remain in his cab. The spotter should ensure all personnel are kept at least 10 metres from the item of plant

• Contact the Services Provider/Operator and 000 if necessary

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4. TRAINING & COMPETENCY • All personnel who are required to work adjacent to overhead services are required to have an

understanding of legislative requirements for working near and/or operating cranes in proximity, including the determined approach distances for the particular state

• All personnel required to operate plant or act as a safety observer (spotter) within prescribed limits are required to hold certification equivalent to: Crane and Plant Electrical Safety Course as per NS209 (Energy Australia Network Standard) or working safety near live electrical apparatus as non-electrical worker unit of competency (Refer State Regulatory Requirements)

5. REFERENCES Regulatory Refer to state based WHS Regulations

Refer to state based Electrical Safety Regulator

6. DEFINITIONS Overhead Services Any overhead network service at risk of being stuck, e.g. water, drainage,

sewerage, electricity, gas or communications

Spotter A safety observer with the appropriate training to monitor plant within approach distances

05.03.01

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS11 Protection of Underground Services

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Major Risk Standard | MRS11 Protection of Underground Services 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This standard applies to the protection of underground services when conducting excavation activities, in accordance with MRS12 Excavation and Trenching.

2. PLANNING The following principles are to be used for protection of services

UNDERGROUND SERVICES SURVEY

Prior to any ground breaking/penetration/disturbing activities being undertaken including excavation, back blading, grading and driving or star pickets an excavation permit must be completed to ensure services in the vicinity of the work are identified, located and protected appropriately prior to digging. Where practicable, the energy source shall be isolated.

Initial service search • Use Dial Before you Dig and/or ensure services ‘as-built’ drawings are acquired from

facility/landowner/occupiers

Additional survey • Location plans are only indicative and generally does not pin point exact location. Ensure site

location plans are prepared to identify indicative location of underground services. Initial identification may require the use of specialist detection devices/equipment and contractors e.g. ultrasonic/x-ray

Positive Identification • Often existing services information is insufficient to allow excavation to commence. Non-

destructive digging techniques (NDT) and potholing may be required to safely identify services or, confirm that no services exist in the area. This includes sucker/vacuum trucks and hand digging. When in doubt, use non-destructive techniques and potholing to be sure.

• Services within 5m of the proposed excavation should be identified via a minimum of NDT and/or potholing

• In some circumstances, the entire length of the underground services will need to be exposed

1. Eliminate the hazard by:

A. Carry out the work in an area that will not allow the plant to come into contact the service; and

B. Redesign the work activities away from the identified service

2. Isolate the service by:

A. Initial physical protection for the service; and

B. Isolate the energy source

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3. OPERATIONS • All ground breaking/penetration/disturbing activities work must be accompanied by a Safe Work

Method Statement 05.05.01 SWMS Template and MRS12.01 Excavation Permit. For penetrating

walls/Floors, refer to Concrete Cutting and Core Hole Permit

• All known and Identified underground services must be listed on the permit, drawings provided

and the location of services suitably market prior to any breaking /penetration disturbing activities

• Project drawing registers are to be maintained with up to date drawings referencing all existing

and new in-ground services

• All services are to be considered live unless specifically notes and proved otherwise

• Machine digging should not occur within 1 metre of a service unless the depth and location are

confirmed

• Services running through the excavation/trench must be physically protected where they are at

risk of mechanical damage

• When hand digging near underground electrical services intrinsically safe (electrically safe) hand

tools must be used i.e. fiberglass handled shovel and appropriate PPE must be worn

• Emergency Response Plans should detail provisions for the relevant for the event of a services

strike

4. TRAINING & COMPETENCY All personnel who make decisions regarding excavations, trenching, potholing and non-destructive

digging must:

- Have an understanding of legislative and regulatory requirements for excavation and

working around underground services

- Have experience in identifying and locating underground services; and

- Be able to apply this standard to any work activity that involves ground

breaking/penetration/disturbing activities

All personnel who make decisions regarding excavations, trenching, potholing and non-destructive

digging must:

- Have an understanding of legislative and regulatory requirements for excavation and

working around underground services

- Have experience in identifying and locating underground services; and

- Be able to apply this standard to any work activity that involves ground

breaking/penetration/disturbing activities

5. DOCUMENTATION 05.05.01 SWMS Template

MRS12.01 Excavation Permit

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6. REFERENCES MRS12 Excavation and Trenching

Regulatory State Regulations and Codes of Practice provide specific reference

7. DEFINITIONS Underground Services Any underground network services such as water, drainage,

sewerage, electricity, gas or communications

05.03.01

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS12 Excavation and Trenching

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Major Risk Standard | MRS12 Excavation and Trenching 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This standard applies to the management of excavation and trenching activities. MRS11 Protection of Underground Services, MRS02 Working at Heights and Falling Objects and MRS04 Temporary Works should be read in conjunction with this standard.

2. PLANNING • Prior to any trenching or excavation being undertaken, an assessment of the hazards

associated with the trenching/excavation operation must be undertaken and the methodology for preventing collapse or failure of the trench or excavation determined and where appropriate a temporary works design developed

• When planning a trench or excavation, the following should be considered:

- The depth of the trench/excavation

- The nature of the strata e.g clay, shale, rock, floaters etc.;

- Fractures, faults or bedding plans in the strata that may cause failure;

- The possibility of exposure towet weather, seepage, slip zones, surge and or other water sources;

- Any load close to the to the edge or in the zone of influence of the trench or excavation;

- Vibration created by moving plant, adjacent roads, railway lines or other processes or activity;

- Interface with mobile plant and other trades;

- The time that the trench/excavation will remain exposed;

- Any previous disturbance of the ground, e.g. previous trenching and services etc.; and

- The impact on the stability of adjacent or adjoining structures/buildings

• Other impacts associated with working in and around excavations and trenches that should be considered in risk assessments;

- Access and egress;

- Falls;

- Confined spaces/Atmospheric Conditions;

- Underground services;

- Public and unauthorized access; and

- Emergency rescue and evacuation;

- Soil contamination;

- Sedimentation and erosion;

- Sequencing of backfilling;

- Drowning

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• Where a trench/excavation impacts on an adjacent structure or infrastructure and/or the strata being worked is questionable and/or benching cannot be achieved, then a geotechnical engineer shall be consulted to determine the treatment required to prevent collapse or failure. A record of the geotechnical instruction and treatment options must be provided prior to accessing the area.

3. OPERATIONS • MRS12.01 Excavation Permit must be obtained prior to commencing any trench or excavation

• Shoring/battering and benching of trenches >1.5m must have design drawings/sketches and changes approved by a suitably qualified registered engineer, i.e. geo-technical or equivalent unless a risk assessment deems otherwise

• Ensure a competent supervisor is assigned to oversee the excavation and trenching works

• Excavation/trench must be regularly inspected by a supervisor. Re-inspection or re-design must be undertaken where the trench strength or stability is affected

• Suitable access arrangements must be in place e.g. Industrial ladders positioned at designated access points or ‘stepped’ access excavated within batters

• Services running through or intersecting the excavation/trench must be physically protected where they are at risk of mechanical damage

• Whilst a person is in an excavation/trench, there shall be at least one other person at ground level

TEMPORARY WORK DESIGN

Where it is determined that temporary works such as shoring, underpinning, or structural support is required e.g. poles, stanchions, existing services or structures etc, then MRS04 Temporary Works must be adopted.

BENCHING OF TRENCHES AND EXCAVATIONS

It is preferred that the arrangements detailed below, are used as the primary means of control to prevent collapse or failure of trench/excavations. This does not exclude the need to consider the planning required referred in 2.1 Benching is the creation of steps in the vertical wall of an excavation to reduce the wall height and ensure stability. Depending on the geotechnical assessment, it is usually commenced once an excavation reaches 1.5m in depth, and benched at a ratio of 1:1 (1m wide step for each 1m in depth).

Battering is where the wall of an excavation is sloped back to a predetermined angle (usually 1:1 or 45 degrees) to ensure stability.

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SECURITY OF TRENCHES AND EXCAVATIONS

• The protection of edges of excavations and trenches shall be provided to ensure all personnel, plant and equipment cannot fall in. This shall typically be achieved through one of the following methods in order of preference and determined through risk assessment

1. Hard barriers such as handrails or jersey kerbs (where plant operating in proximity). 2. Physical barriers such as mesh, water-filled barriers (at least 1m back from the edge). 3. Flagging (at least 1m back from the edge). 4. Signage shall be erected for all excavations

• Where possible excavations and trenches should be backfilled prior to the end of shift. A risk assessment should be conducted in order to determine additional controls, such as plates, temporary fencing etc. that will be implemented to ensure the security of the excavation when left unattended

• Refer to MRS02 Working at Heights and Falling objects for advice in managing risks of falls • Lifting points on trench shields are to be certified and tested

Trenchbox/shield with handrail to Walkway with handrails to cross control risks of falling trenches or take measurements

4. TRAINING & COMPETENCY • All personnel who make decisions regarding trench and excavation must:

- Have an understanding of legislative and regulatory requirements for trenching and excavation

- Understand the hazards associated with trenching and excavations and the control methods;

- Be able to apply this standard to any work activity that involved trench and/or excavation

• Personnel involved in the installation of temporary excavation/trench support systems must have received adequate information/training in its correct use and method of installation and removal.

5. DOCUMENTATION MRS12.01 Excavation Permit

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6. REFERENCES MRS02 Working at Heights and Falling Objects

MRS04 Temporary Works

MRS11 Protection of Underground Services

Regulatory Refer to relevant state Codes of Practice for Excavation and Trenching

7. DEFINITIONS Excavation Activity involving digging or filing of trenches, ditches, shafts, rises, tunnels, pier

holes, cuttings, benches, wells, canals or similar work

Trench An excavation having a depth that exceeds the width, measured at the bottom

05.03.01

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS13 Traffic Management

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Major Risk Standard | MRS13 Traffic Management 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This standard applies to any work requiring the management of vehicular and pedestrian traffic on or adjacent to a roadway and within a construction work area. Review of this standard, and measures implemented must reflect circumstances as set out in relevant state & territory regulatory requirements.

2. PLANNING • Within Site HSEQ Risk Assessments and SWMS, the hierarchy of control must be applied

when planning work that is on or adjacent to a road that is in use by traffic. • Consideration must be given to ensure the controls are reasonably practical (in particular

during short term road closures) and that during implementation and removal they do not introduce additional risks.

Elimination Can the work be performed under total road closure to eliminate the need for personnel to work near live traffic?

Engineering Can a physical road safety barrier be established to separate workers from traffic? (i.e. Can water-filled or concrete jersey barriers be used?)

Administrative Controls/Systems of Work • Can work be planned to minimise the time exposed to working adjacent to traffic? • Can traffic speeds be reduced through enforcing temporary speed limits? • Sites must develop and implement an approved Traffic Management Plan (TMP) for all

works on or adjacent to a roadway in accordance with AS 1742.3 and road/local authority requirements.

• Traffic Guidance Schemes/Traffic Control Plans (TCP) in the form of a diagram, showing the arrangement of traffic management personnel, temporary signs and devices to warn traffic and guide it around, past or if necessary, through a work site or temporary hazard are to be developed and approved for all projects. Note: For small projects the TCP may be incorporated within the TMP.

• TCPs must be communicated to the work crew, including minor changes. If the need for ‘significant’ changes to the TCP arise (for changing worksite or traffic conditions) works can only proceed after the TCP is revised, updated and accordingly re-approved.

• All appropriate written authorisations/permits/licences must be considered whilst developing the TCP and must be obtained from the relevant road authority or local authority in accordance with regulations prior to implementing the Traffic Management. Traffic control crews must not proceed with traffic control work until they have received authorisation by the relevant authority in accordance with state requirements.

• When planning Traffic Management consideration must be given to public pedestrians. Pedestrians should be provided with safe means of secure access through the work zone without exposing them to risk.

HIGHER ORDER

CONTROLS

LOWER ORDER CONTROLS

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3. OPERATIONS

TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES

• Concrete road safety barriers, complying to AS 3845, or water-filled plastic barriers are the preferred method of separation of traffic and work zones wherever practicable. Barriers must be installed in accordance with the Traffic Control Plan and manufacturer's recommendations (i.e. stamped compliant, interlinked and filled), and consideration should be given to safe clearance zones behind the barrier for work operations. Note: Lifting points must be certified and inspected prior to each lift.

• Regular inspections to confirm maintenance of traffic control barriers as per the manufacturer's instructions are to be carried out.

• Consideration should be given to installing truck mounted attenuators (i.e. crash cushion) on vehicles used to effect lane closures in high speed zones or as shadow vehicles.

• Narrowing lanes through placement of barriers, cones, bollards etc. naturally cause drivers to slow down. Painting of rumble strip line markings also encourages drivers to slow down.

• Witches hats or bollards can be used to effect lane closures for short term durations defined as less than one shift.

• Temporary traffic lights should be considered to minimize the reliance on traffic controllers in circumstances where they may be exposed to moving traffic hazards.

• All barriers, plant and equipment used must be compliant with the relevant standards, installed as per the manufacturers instructions, in good condition and appropriate for the application.

• The following shall not be used as traffic control devices, due to personnel risk if hit by vehicles on roads: steel drums, isolated or non-interlocked safety barrier units, barrier boards parallel to the direction of flow traffic flow.

SIGNAGE

• Signs shall be installed according to the TCP and secured appropriately (i.e. sandbags used where risk of signage blowing over). Consideration should also be given to the height of signage to ensure they are placed at a height visible to the driver.

• Signs used in Traffic Control shall be designed and manufactured with 'Class 1' retro reflective quality in accordance with relevant standards.

• Consideration should be given to all conditions and location of signage during day works in relation to glare, blind spots, crests and shaded areas.

• Where necessary consider illumination of signage, traffic controller work locations as well as illumination of work zones (i.e. night time lane closure on unlit road).

• All other road signs must be covered, and remain covered, throughout the work zone to remove any potential confusion.

INSTALLATION, REMOVAL & MAINTENANCE

• All Traffic Control set up must be installed in accordance with a specific TCP. No changes are to be made to the TCP unless approved as per Section 2.1 above.

• The Traffic Management provider must consider methodology of how the approved installation will be safely installed/removed. Traffic controllers are not to be exposed to being struck by traffic when placing and removing traffic signs, cones etc. Use of shadow vehicles or truck mounted attenuators should be considered.

• All Traffic Control set up must be as a minimum inspected by the work supervisor at the beginning of the shift and at the end of the shift (if set up more than one shift) to ensure

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compliance with the TCP and effectiveness of control measures. During windy conditions inspections should be more regular.

• At the end of work activity, all Traffic Control set up shall be removed accordingly, the works supervisor must inspect the work site to ensure all temporary traffic control devices have been removed.

• Periodic inspection and maintenance schedule shall be developed for long-term Traffic Control at work sites.

TRAFFIC CONTROLLERS

• Persons undertaking traffic control must hold a current competency as outlined in the ‘Competency for Subcontractors Safe Work Instruction.’ Persons implementing traffic controls in high speed environments must be experienced in working in these high speed environments.

• The number of Traffic Controllers for any given situation is to be determined based on the relevant state road authorities’ requirements or risk assessment (i.e. oncoming traffic gaps and the line of sight). Sufficient traffic controllers must be provided to allow rotation of workers to avoid fatigue and to allow control of traffic.

• Where Traffic Controllers are required the traffic speed through or around the work zone must not exceed 60k/h (irrespective of posted speed limit).

• Traffic Controllers must wear approved hi-visibility clothing and control traffic using a Stop/Slow battern.

• Where night works are required, traffic controllers night work clothing is to consist of a 'Class N' outer garment made from retro reflective material, including retro reflective hoops on the body, arms and legs, (i.e. white ‘night overalls’). Traffic controllers should also be equipped with illuminated wands.

• Traffic Controllers must maintain communication through proper line of sight and portable two way radios.

STAFF & CONTRACTORS

• Workers working adjacent to traffic under Traffic Control set up must wear approved hi-visibility clothing.

• Where night works are required, night work clothing is to consist of a 'Class N' outer garment made from retro reflective material, including retro reflective hoops on body, arms and legs, (i.e. white ‘night overalls’).

4. TRAINING & COMPETENCY • Any Traffic Control Plan must be developed by a competent person.

• Persons undertaking traffic control must hold a current competency as an accredited Traffic Controller based on the state regulation.

5. DOCUMENTATION MRS13.01 Traffic Management Plan

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6. REFERENCES • AS/NZS 1906 series – Reflective material and devices for road traffic control purposes

• AS 1742 series – Manual of uniform traffic control devices

• AS 1743 Road Signs Specifications

• AS 3845 Road Safety Barrier Systems

• AS/NZS 4602 High Visibility Safety Garments

05.03.01

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS14 Lifting and Slinging

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Major Risk Standard | MRS14 Lifting and Slinging 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This standard applies to the handling of materials by lifting and slinging activities.

This standard applies to all Ahrens Group workplaces and operations.

Principles should be based on AS 2550 Set – 2011 Cranes, hoists and winches requirements.

2. PLANNING • Sling selection must always be risk assessed with the safest sling used for each specific lift.

i.e. protection of soft slings against sharp edges.

• Workplace Risk Assessments shall assist to determine the need for Significant Lift Studies, identification of workplace hazards that impact load lifting and the need for detailed crane assessments.

• Each workplace must maintain MRS14.01Lifting and Slinging Equipment Register.

• Ahrens site managers must be involved with the procurement and assessment/inspection of all longer term (longer than one week) hire of cranes, hoists or significant plant

• All loading lifting shall have a specific SWMS in place

• Where this is a requirement for a crane to drive on, set up on and/or carry out its operation on a suspended surface, supporting structures and/or ground conditions are to be checked and verified by a suitably competent person (such as a structural or geotechnical engineer).

• Use of loading/cantilevered platforms (fixed and retractable) must include structural assessment and verification of supporting structure (by structural engineer), be purpose designed including platform support or propping system and have specific procedures for safe installation/use/removal

3. OPERATIONS • General Inspection and Maintenance Requirements

• Cranes greater than 25 years old shall not be used. Any exception must be approved by the Ahrens Site Manager

• Before any crane can be used on site it must have undergone a Plant Induction, display the relevant Ahrens Plant Identification Tag/Sticker to signify the plant has met the minimum requirements e.g. ‘plant risk assessment’, maintenance and visual physical inspection

• Lifting/rigging equipment must have safe workloads marked and have evidence of inspection and annual certification. Workplaces and subcontractors must maintain a register of lifting & slinging equipment

• Only certified lifting points should be used to lift loads. Damaged/uncertified lifting gear/points must not be used and tagged out of service. The care and use of slings is to be in accordance with AS 4497.2

• As a minimum, only a certified dogman or rigger shall determine lifting equipment and slinging requirements

• Crane operators are responsible for pre-operation daily checks, refuelling and routine lubrication

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• Lifting clutches use for precast or tiltup construction should be tested and certified every 12 months.

• All lifting gear must be inspected 12 monthly by a provider/Certify tester and 3 monthly with the RUGBY tagging system by a competent rigger.

• All cranes must undergo a cranesafe certification annually and general servicing every 3 months or 250hrs, whatever comes first

• Where possible, use a telescopic handler or forklift to unload smaller materials from trucks to minimise risks associated with overhead lifting, and slewing loads

• All outriggers are to be packed/supported as per manufacturers’ and/or engineer’s recommendations and be protected from traffic/disturbance

• Weather conditions must be assessed and continually monitored before and during the operation of cranes (refer manufacturers safe operation specifications)

• Personnel workboxes and Rescue (First Aid) cages must have captive chains fitted and be lifted directly from the main crane hook

• Where a workbox is required a documented risk assessment must be undertaken

• Use of work boxes to be in strict accordance with applicable Australian Standards and Regulatory Requirements. E.g. max wind speed 7m/s (25km/h)

• All material shall be secured during lifts. Lifting cases/boxes/stillages must be purpose designed, with engineer certification and asset number. They must not be filled above their top edge and where there is a risk of materials falling then covers shall be used

• Equipment that has four lifting points must be lifted with four legged chains

• Taglines shall be used and be of appropriate size and length (Minimum of 16mm)

• The practice of multiple lift rigging (‘Christmas Tree Lifting’) is not permitted

COMMUNICATION

• The use of mobile phones by all persons involved in load shifting operations is prohibited

• Communication for crane crews must be via 2-way radio (programmed to a dedicated frequency Trunked Frequency) and all dogman must have a whistle for back up purposes

• Where cranes are working in proximity then daily crane coordination meetings shall occur

SIGNIFICANT LIFT STUDY

A significant lift Study (SLS) is to be prepared by the crane supplier and/or the project engineer.

A SLS is required for all lifts that:

• Exceed a gross weight of 10 tonnes or exceed 85% of the cranes rated lifting capacity

• Are around or adjacent to overhead power, or critical infrastructure, such as over roads, and rail;

• Is undertaken where there is an interface without the potential to affect the public;

• Crane use from a pontoon, barge and/or other similar floating device;

• More than one crane to execute the lift;

• Crane pads or platforms are in close proximity to excavation or underground services

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LIFTING & SLEWING ZONES

The following principles apply to material laydown areas:

• Crane crews are to fully understand the maximum load allowed to be lifted onto the areas receiving the load (e.g. formwork decks, precast slabs, loading platforms).

• Storage that avoids ‘double handling and inaccessibility’

• Materials should be stored in predetermined storage areas near to the final installation location

• Material must be stored in a manner that prevents the materials from either toppling or collapsing

• All materials storage areas must have clear access to all stored materials

• Material must either be palletised or placed on suitable timber dunnage

EARTHMOVING EQUIPMENT USED AS CRANES

Earthmoving equipment used as cranes must comply with AS1418.8. They should only be used where other mechanical lifting means are not practical and are not to be used for precision lifting. Plant controls must include:

• A level indicator fitted;

• A burst valve fitted with annual certification if the rated capacity of the plant is greater than 1 tonne;

• Must have designed and annually certified lifting points to attach the load;

• The SWL is displayed on the dipper arm;

• Quick-hitches must have independent latching devices;

• There must be a single valve load chart displayed in the cabin

4. TRAINING & COMPETENCY • Crane operators and dog men require a valid ‘Licence to Perform High Risk Work.’

• Operators shall undergo a plant operator instruction

5. DOCUMENTATION MRS14.01 Lifting and Slinging Equipment Register

6. REFERENCES Regulatory AS2550 Cranes, hoists and winches – safe use

AS4991 Lifting Devices

AS4497.2 Round Slings – synthetic fibre – Care and use

AS3775.2 Chains Slings – Grade T – Care and use

AS1418.8 Cranes, hoists and winches – Special purpose

05.03.01

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS15 Plant and Equipment

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Major Risk Standard | MRS15 Plant and Equipment

1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This Major Risk Standard applies to the use and movement of mobile plant, use of fixed plant and other powered equipment on a construction site or workshop.

2. PLANNING

RISK ASSESSMENT

The use of mobile or fixed plant in the workplace must be covered by a risk assessment where plant operations impact on work activities, worker thoroughfares or the public. Hazards associated with plant and the required controls will be considered, planned and documented within the 05.01.01 Site HSEQ Risk Assessment which must be communicated to site personnel at induction, pre-start and toolbox meetings and is to be displayed in the Site Office.

WORK ACTIVITY PLANNING

• Where practical, work activity planning should ensure plant operations interface with people or other work activities is managed by:

– Guarding, warning signage and visible emergency stops

– Delineated pedestrian walkways and exclusion zones used to define the area of plant operation/movement from adjacent work activities or thoroughfares

– Solid barriers should be used where plant/equipment operation and/or movement impacts directly on adjacent overhead wires, work activities, access or public thoroughfares.

• Work activities should be coordinated during daily prestart meetings and subcontractor coordination meetings to ensure plant and other work crews are appropriately segregated.

• SWMS must assess the type of exclusion zone, supervision and requirements for safety observers (spotters) to manage the risk of plant-personnel interaction.

3. FIXED PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

All equipment should be visually inspected prior to use.

Any damaged equipment should be tagged out immediately for repair.

All electrical equipment must be tested and tagged prior to use, refer to MRS06 Electrical.

POSITIONING PLANT & EQUIPMENT IN THE WORKPLACE

Plant/equipment should be positioned so that:

risks from hot plant/equipment (such as friction, molten material, hot gases) are controlled through restricted access, guarding or insulation

there is sufficient space (suggested 600 mm, the minimum width of a walkway) for safe access to the plant/equipment for operation, cleaning, maintenance, inspection and emergency evacuation

the plant/equipment does not obstruct doorways and emergency exits

the proximity to other plant/equipment does not have a negative effect on the operation of the plant/equipment or work processes

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the plant/equipment rests on a suitable foundation where required—for example on a floor or other support that ensures the plant/equipment is stable and secure

ventilation is adequate to deal with the nature and volume of any emissions from the plant/equipment and workers and others are not exposed to noise levels greater than those stated in the exposure standard for noise under the WHS Regulation.

INSTALLATION

All plant/equipment is erected or installed having regard to the manufacturer’s instructions including ensuring that specialised tools, jigs and appliances necessary to minimise any risk of injury during installation are used

access to and egress from plant/equipment complies with relevant standards

plant/equipment is stable during installation

the interaction of plant/equipment with people, work processes and other plant/equipment is considered

environmental factors affecting installation and use (e.g. wet conditions) are considered, and

all electrical installations associated with plant/equipment comply with AS 3000 (also known as the Australian/New Zealand Wiring Rules) as far as it is relevant.

The installer of plant/equipment/equipment should notify the designer, manufacturer, supplier and/or the person with management or control of plant/equipment of any new risks identified during the installation of the plant/equipment.

COMMISSIONING

Commissioning plant/equipment involves performing the necessary adjustments, tests and inspections to ensure plant/equipment is in full working order to specified requirements before the plant/equipment is used. Commissioning includes recommissioning.

The person who commissions plant/equipment should ensure that:

the commissioning sequence is in accordance with the design specifications, and

tests, such as dummy runs, are carried out to check that the plant/equipment will perform within the design specifications.

INSPECTING PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

The inspection of plant/equipment should be conducted in accordance with a regular maintenance system as specified by the manufacturer.

Regularly inspect hand-held powered plant/equipment and repair or replace them when necessary, and replace damaged or worn parts (such as grinding wheels).

Any control measures implemented, such as guards and warning devices, must be regularly inspected and tested to ensure they remain effective.

You should keep an up-to-date register of the items of plant/equipment requiring regular inspection and maintenance.

Reasonably practicable control measures must be implemented to ensure the health and safety of the person conducting the inspection, for example by ensuring that plant/equipment is switched off or isolated from the energy source to avoid accidental re-energising of dangerous parts.

Any guards that are removed must be replaced correctly to prevent access to the hazardous part of the plant/equipment when it is returned to use.

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MAINTENANCE, CLEANING AND REPAIR OF PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Plant/equipment must be maintained and repaired according to the manufacturer’s specifications or, in the absence of such specifications, in accordance with a competent person’s recommendations.

Plant/equipment should be isolated before maintenance or cleaning commences. Where plant/equipment is isolated and plant/equipment shutdown will result, any total or partial shutdown should not allow a hazardous situation to be created.

Isolated or disengaged plant/equipment should:

not hinder or interfere with the operation of any other plant/equipment

have guards in place where a risk of injury is identified, and

not obstruct access.

A process should be put in place to enable effective communication and consultation with affected workers and other persons conducting a business or undertaking to prevent any risk to health and safety arising from restarting the operation of the plant/equipment which has been shut down due to inspection, maintenance or cleaning.

Where plant/equipment cannot be isolated, methods to prevent accidental operation must be implemented. The work should be carried out under controlled isolation procedures to allow for maintenance and cleaning without risk to the health and safety of the person performing the work.

Following maintenance all guarding must be replaced prior to start-up of plant/equipment.

Damaged plant/equipment should be tagged out and withdrawn from service until any risks to health and safety have been controlled.

4. MOBILE PLANT

MINIMUM MOBILE PLANT REQUIREMENTS

• Before any item of mobile plant can be used on site or in a workshop it must have undergone a. ’Plant/Equipment Risk Assessment’, maintenance and visual physical inspection.

• Faults on plant/equipment that make it unsafe to use must be reported and the plant/equipment taken out of service.

• Suitable protective ROPS/TOPS/FOPS are fitted to plant/equipment in accordance with regulatory requirements or where determined via risk assessment.

• Seat belts where fitted must be worn when the plant/equipment is in use.

• Plant/equipment operators including truck drivers are not permitted to use mobile phones whilst operating.

• All plant/equipment must have suitable controls for managing the risk of falls during maintenance and use.

• All plant/equipment must be fitted with a horn, flashing beacon and reversing beeper.

• Earthmoving and loadshifting plant should have two way communication, particularly when working in proximity to overhead or underground services.

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MANAGING PERSONNEL INTERACTION

• Persons shall not enter any exclusion zone unless they are part of the planned work activity or the plant/equipment is grounded and permission to enter is given.

• Pedestrian thoroughfares are required to be delineated and the level of protection shall be determined via risk assessment.

• Separate site entrance/exit points for pedestrians and vehicles shall be provided.

• Loading areas must be clearly defined, separated from parking or access routes for private vehicles and away from pedestrian routes.

• Parking areas shall be clearly delineated and separated for different kinds of vehicles. In particular delivery trucks, mobile plant/equipment and light vehicles.

REQUIREMENTS FOR SAFETY OBSERVERS (SPOTTERS)

• Where plant/equipment or truck movements are not separated from all people by physical barriers, a safety observer (spotter) must be assigned to control movement including reversing and slewing.

• Safety observers should be positioned so that they are not in a crush zone created by the plant/equipment operation or movement and so that visual contact is maintained with the operator. On the ground spotters are not permitted on stockpiles.

• Reversing of mobile plant/equipment and trucks shall be eliminated where practical using one-way routes.

OPERATION OF ELEVATED WORK PLATFORMS (INCLUDING SCISSOR LIFTS)

• Before commencing work on plant/equipment a risk assessment must be undertaken that includes:

– Potential for ground subsidence and other destabilising effects;

– Contact with overhead services;

– Interaction with traffic and public;

– Interaction with other trades;

– Environmental conditions;

– Protection of ground personnel from falling objects.

• All working areas must be kept free from debris and loose material at ALL time.

• Exclusion zones shall be established to protect the plant/equipment from impact by mobile plant/equipment and from personnel being exposed to falling objects.

• Suitable fall arrest systems shall be worn and attached to the anchorage point(s) by everyone in a boom type mobile EWP. All EWPs shall be fitted with a manual lowering device.

• In the event of either mechanical breakdown or emergency, personnel shall use the manual lowering device or request another EWP. Personnel shall not use the rope descent device unless appropriate rescue training has been undertaken and there are no other means of retrieval.

• EWP movement controls should be protected against accidental operation and the dead man control should be tested to ensure that it is operational.

• Personnel shall not enter or leave the platform when elevated (except in an emergency) unless each of the conditions specified under AS 2550.10 – 2006 are met and the process has been approved by the Workplace manager or their delegate

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PPE AND SIGNAGE

• Signs used shall be designed and manufactured in accordance with AS 1743 and AS 1906.1.

• High visibility reflective clothing for all persons working in and around plant/equipment. Night work clothing is to also to consist of a ‘class N' outer garment made from retro reflective material, including retro reflective hoops on the body, arms and legs, i.e. white ‘night overalls’.


• All operators of mobile plant/equipment must hold the current and relevant high risk work licence, applicable for the class of plant/equipment.

• All operators of mobile plant/equipment must have completed the applicable Plant/equipment Operator Induction.

• Verification of competency (VOC) must be obtained for all mobile plant/equipment operators that do not require a high risk work licence.

• Safety observers (spotters) shall receive clear instruction on their roles and responsibilities for managing the risks of plant/equipment interaction with personnel and services.

• Young/inexperienced workers should be provided blind spot awareness training.

SWMS / SOP

SWMS or SOPs provide the necessary safety information to persons who operate plant and equipment and must include instructions on:

the correct use of guarding and other control measures

how to safely access and operate the plant/equipment

who may use an item of plant/equipment, for example only authorised or licensed operators

how to carry out inspections, shut-down, cleaning, repair and maintenance

traffic rules, rights of way, clearances and no-go areas for mobile plant/equipment, and

emergency procedures.

Any emergency instructions relating to an item of plant/equipment should be clearly displayed on or near it.

6. REFERENCES

05.01.01 Site HSEQ Risk Assessment

General

• AS/NZS 1906 series - Reflective material and devices for road traffic control purposes

• AS 1742 series - Manual of uniform traffic control devices

• AS2550.10 Cranes, hoists and winched – Safe Use - Part 10: Mobile Elevating Work Platforms provides further guidance on EWP’s

• AS 1743 Road Signs Specifications

• AS 3845 Road Safety Barrier Systems

• AS/NZS 4602 - High Visibility Safety Garments.

• AS/NZS 3760:2010 In-service Safety Inspection and Testing of Electrical Equipment.

05.03.01

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS16 Manual Handling

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Major Risk Standard | MRS16 Manual Handling 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

The purpose of this Major Risk Standard is to ensure appropriate steps are taken to identify, assess and control any existing or potential manual handling hazards in the workplace

Manual handling means any activity requiring the use of force exerted by a person to lift, lower, push, pull, carry or otherwise move, hold or restrain any other person, animal or thing.

2. PLANNING

Manual Handling risk factors must be considered and made aware when:

• Purchasing equipment, • Designing/redesigning equipment, • workplace layout and • when providing training and induction to employees.

Consultation, risk identification and risk assessment of the workplace should take place prior to this work being carried out to consider the risk factors of manual handling and control measures such as plant and equipment to reduce the risks to an acceptable level. A manual handling risk assessment should be completed by the supervisor for all manual handling works and relevant manual handling training needs identified by the Supervisor and communicated prior to the work commencing.

Wherever possible, adequate mechanical lifting equipment should be considered for all manual handling lifting. All mechanical lifting equipment must be maintained in an effective and safe condition. Any equipment problems should be reported to the Supervisor.

All recommendations made from the manual handling risk assessment must be completed as soon as is reasonably practicable. Any unresolved recommendations must be presented to the HSE Committee for further investigation.

3. OPERATIONS Basic Rules to consider when manual handling:

• Do not lift if you don’t have to – elimination is the safest control. • Use mechanical aids wherever available. • Check weight of item. • If necessary get help, team lift. • Face in the direction the object is to be moved. • Stand as close to the object as possible. • Hold the load in close – against your navel. • Grip with palm hold – not necessarily vertical. • Keep your back straight – not necessarily vertical. • Gradually take the weight first and ‘test’ your capacity, do not lift quickly to find that it is too

heavy. • Bend with your knees, not your back. • Keep your feet apart, one flat, one sprung (on tip toes) • Move with your legs to maintain unstressed back. • Never lift what others think you should lift. Only lift what you consider is safe load to lift.

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MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS16 Manual Handling

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4. TRAINING & COMPETENCY All personnel conducting work which involves manual handling hazards must have received training and instruction in the identification of hazards, correct manual handling techniques to protect against injury and the application of the hierarchy of controls to ensure that elimination or use of mechanical aids are considered as first preference.

5. DOCUMENTATION MRS16.01 Manual Handling Risk Assessment Form

6. REFERENCES WHS Act & Regulations for each relevant State & Territory.

Code of Practice for Manual Handling.

Code of Practice for Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders from Manual Handling Tasks.

AS 1680.1 Interior and Workplace Living.

AS 2670 Evaluation of Human Exposure to Whole Body Vibration.

AS 4442 Office Desks.

AS 4443 Office Panel Systems – Workstations.

AS 4438 Height Adjustable Swivel Chairs.

AS 3590.2 Screen-Based Workstations; Part 1-3

HB 59 Ergonomics – The Human Factor – A practical approach to work systems design.

Safe Work Australia National Code of Practice – Hazardous Manual Tasks & Managing the Work Environment & Facilities.

7. DEFINITIONS Manual Handling Any activity requiring the use of force exerted by a person to lift,

lower, push, pull, carry or otherwise move, hold or restrain any other person, animal or thing.

http://www.google.com.au/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCI3R9vyNj8gCFeYXpgodf0IA-g&url=http://www.acumen-training.org/cieh_level_2_award_in_principles_and_practise_of_manual_handling.html&psig=AFQjCNGZTtTaSZLPBL6tO2DJocNVvKnmcA&ust=1443164796305164



05.03.01

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS17 Hot Works

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Major Risk Standard | MRS17 Hot Works 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This major risk standard defines the planning and operational requirements to reduce the risk of fires, burns or other incidents relating to hot works which includes welding, welding cutting/brazing, grinding, blow lamps (including electric hot air blowers) or other heat or flame producing apparatus.

2. PLANNING • All Ahrens sites including construction sites and workshops must consider the risks of hot

works in the 05.01.01 Site HSEQ Risk Assessment. • Before any hot works are undertaken consider what alternatives are available, e.g. moving

the item to be worked on to a designated welding area, or an area shielded from wind or exposure to the environment.

3. OPERATIONS • Ensure that there is no combustible material below the area or within 10 metres horizontally.

Use welding screens to isolate the areas and physically remove combustible materials from the area wherever possible.

• Cover all floor openings, holes etc. Cover combustible flooring.

• Wet down surfaces especially wooden floors.

• Check what is on the other side of an item to be welded, e.g. welding on a steel wall, there may be electrical cable on the other side.

• Ensure that all fire equipment is operational in the area and welding blanket can be useful as a precaution.

• Consider appointing a person not involved in the operation to act as fire watcher to monitor the safety aspects of the works especially in high risk areas. This is manadatory on construction sites as per the MRS17.01 Hot Works Permit.

• Ensure the fire watcher is trained and familiar with emergency and communication procedures.

• Maintain the fire watch one hour after completion.

• Ensure first aid and fire appliances are readily available on the site and keep in the vicinity of the hot works.

• All hot works will require the completion of MRS17.01 Hot Works Permit and 05.05.01 SWMS.

• With cutting or welding of drums that have or may have contained flammable liquids or in any areas of flammable vapours or explosive dust, specific safety procedures need to be developed and refer to guidelines published by OSH “Hot Work on Drums and Tanks”.

• Special care is required when engaging in welding and cutting in areas containing expanded polystyrene sandwich installation panels.

• Insulation panels, even those that may be called non-combustible, fire resistant or similar terminology should never be cut or drilled using any heat producing apparatus. Cold low speed cutting apparatus should be used.

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MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS17 Hot Works

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4. TRAINING & COMPETENCY Use of a fire extinguisher and site specific emergency procedures.

5. DOCUMENTATION 05.01.01 Site HSEQ Risk Assessment

05.05.01 SWMS Template

MRS17.01 Hot Works Permit

6. REFERENCES AS 2865 Confined Space.

Welding Processes Code of Practice.

How to Manage Work Health & Safety Risks Code of Practice.

Guidelines by OHS “Hot Work on Drum and Tanks.

7. DEFINITIONS Hot Works Welding, welding cutting/brazing, grinding, blow lamps (including electric hot

air blowers) or other heat or flame producing apparatus.

05.03.01

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRS18 Road Transportation

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Major Risk Standard | MRS18 Road Transportation 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

Ahrens Group is responsible for the transportation of structural steel and product delivery to most of our associated facilities and projects throughout Australia. Transportation Management applies to all vehicle operations and road transport for Ahrens Group within Australia. Compliance with the safe driving requirements and standards established within this Major Risk Standard – Road Transportation shall be applicable to all project personnel, whether operating a project vehicle or their own personal vehicle on project business. The purpose of this Major Risk Standard – Road Transportation is to describe the minimum requirements for the safe transportation of people, equipment and material on any project or Ahrens Division within Australia. This Major Risk Standard Transportation addresses the following activities:

1. Personnel movements from Ahrens Divisions to the project work sites; 2. Project material movement; 3. Project Construction equipment movement; and 4. Finished Agri goods.

Subcontractor transportation shall be managed in accordance with the minimum standards established in this Major Risk Standard – Road Transportation

The principles of this standard are based on the Australian Government Transport Policies and Australian Laws that govern these areas.

2. PLANNING

JOURNEY MANAGEMENT PLANS

Vehicle operations in regional and remote areas that require driving for periods longer than 4 hours must complete a MRS18.02 Journey Management Plan which is submitted and approved by the relevant Manager. Drivers should call in to their destination to give an estimated time of arrival. Mobile phone coverage in some regions is extremely limited therefore it is essential that drivers consider this within MRS18.02 Journey Management Plan and ensure that alternatives are available if required e.g. satellite phone should a need for emergency communications arise.

DRIVER FATIGUE MANAGEMENT PLANS

Drivers of heavy vehicles must supply MRS18.01 Driver Fatigue Management Plan when requested, as a written document that details the practices and procedures an operator must have in place in relation to:

• Scheduling trips and rostering drivers.

• Establishing a driver’s fitness for work.

• Education of drivers for fatigue management.

• Managing incidents.

• Establishing and maintaining appropriate workplace conditions.

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3. OPERATIONS

DRIVERS A driver is responsible for safely operating the vehicle at all times.

Drivers will comply with the following requirements:

• Possesses a valid driving license for the state they work from and carry this license on them at all times. (Possesses the correct license to operate the correct vehicle. Light Truck/Medium Truck/Heavy Truck/Heavy combination Truck/Multi combination Truck or Car License.

• Always look after yourself in and out of work and get a good night’s rest to limit fatigue.

• Always follows the road rules.

• Always follows the project/site driving rules.

• Be physically capable of performing the job function.

• Carry out the daily safety check of the vehicle and contents. (fire extinguisher, first aid kit, drinking water etc)

• All drivers and passengers in cars, vans, trucks, semis, Utes or any other vehicle where fitted must wear a seat belt at all times and the driver is responsible for enforcing this requirement.

• Never overload the vehicle with passengers or material.

• Never carry contraband or other prohibited items.

• Confirm passengers have been briefed on safety/emergency requirements.

• Report accidents, near misses and potential incidents and any damage or defects to vehicles.

WORKING HOURS

It is the responsibility of the driver to ensure his work pattern is in line with the daily work requirements and journey plan if required. As well as the National Drivers work Diary.

If the driver is requested to work outside the driving daily plan or journey plan they must notify their Area Manager of HSE Manager.

SEAT BELTS

It is the responsibility of the driver to ensure the following actions:

• When seat belts are available/provided, they will always be used by the driver and passengers when the vehicle is in motion.

• The number of occupants to a vehicle must be limited to the number of functional seat belts in the vehicle.

• The Driver will not proceed until all passengers have fastened their seat belts, when seat belts are available provided.

DRIVER DISTRACTIONS

It is the driver’s responsibility to maintain their completed attention and concentration on driving while operating any vehicle. The following activities may distract a driver and shall be prohibited while driving a vehicle:

• Utilizing mobile phone, radios, personnel computers, iPad etc.

• Phone Texting.

• Eating or Drinking.

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• Operating compact disc player, pagers etc.

• When moving oversize loads which is undertaken in the Agri division every day the driver of the truck and pilots must have control of their vehicle as well as operating the UHF radio. The radio must be used in an appropriate manner and is used for safety reasons for notifications.

Should it be necessary for a driver to do anything that is distracting, the driver shall exit the roadway, park in a safe location, place the transmission in neutral and activate handbrake.

CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES AND ALCOHOL

Personnel operating vehicles will be subject to the following controls with respect to the utilization of drugs and/or Alcohol:

• Drivers will not operate vehicles at any time if they are under the influence of illicit drugs; and

• In cases where driving ability may be impaired by prescription medication (e.g. mood altering drugs) the driver will not be allowed to operate vehicles.

• All truck drivers should be of a 00 reading at all times.

Note: Determination of potential impairment caused by specific medications will be made by Ahrens Doctor or based on pharmaceutical industry legal disclosure information.

DRIVER BEHAVIOUR

All drivers are to operate vehicles in a courteous and safe manor at all times. Drivers are to follow road, project laws and site rules at all times.

FATIGUE MANAGEMENT

Ahrens will meet the transport industry code of practice and regulations which will be used in conjunction with the WHS Act and Regulations of each state as a strategy for managing driver fatigue.

When requested by the Ahrens Manager the driver or subcontractor driver is to supply MRS18.01 Driver Fatigue Management Plan, as a written document that details the practices and procedures an operator must have in place in relation to:

• Scheduling trips and rostering drivers.

• Establishing a driver’s fitness for work.

• Education of drivers for fatigue management.

• Managing incidents.

• Establishing and maintaining appropriate workplace conditions.

The following factors are to be used within the MRS18.01 Driver Fatigue Management Plan:

• A driver should be given at least 24 hours’ notice to prepare for a time working period of 14 hours;

• A solo driver should have the opportunity for at least 7 hours of continuous sleep in a 24 hour period.

• In night shift operations, hours of active work should be reduced to reflect the higher crash rate from fatigue between 1am to 6am;

• Minimize irregular or unfamiliar work rosters;

• Minimize driving when the solo driver does not have the opportunity for at least 7 hours of continuous, unbroken sleep in a 24 hour period;

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• Operate flexible schedules to allow for short break time or discretionary sleep.

• Minimize very early departures to give drivers the maximum opportunity to sleep in preparation for the trip; and

• When drivers return from leave, minimize night time schedules and rosters to give clear time to adapt to working long hours especially at night.

ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS AND NIGHT DRIVING

The following night and adverse weather driving requirements will be implemented:

• Driving during flooding, cyclones or heavy weather conditions should be considered in the MRS18.02 Journey Management Plan.

• When the driver’s visibility is reduced to less than 100m for light trucks and passenger cars and 150m for heavy vehicles as a result of adverse weather drivers shall exit the roadway and park in a safe location. Place the transmission in neutral or park as soon as safe to do so.

• Depending on the circumstances, if a vehicle is to stop on the side of the road due to adverse weather conditions, the Driver shall contact their Manager or Supervisor to advise regarding their current situation and request help if necessary.(Our drivers are told to contact management under any significant delays Weather/Traffic/Brake down/Or any other major issue.)

• In weather conditions where drivers will reduce their speed to allow clear vision 3 seconds in front of the vehicle.

• Night driving speeds will be limited by the safe visibility distance provided by the road conditions and the vehicles head lamps.

PASSENGERS

Passengers will:

• Ride only in authorised vehicles (Truck passenger’s must give 5 days’ notice and be of 18 years of age) Strictly NO passenger’s in the trucks or pilots unless they are Ahrens employees.

• Wear seat belts at all times, when provided.

• Ride only in the vehicles provided seats. (standing is not allowed)

• Do not interfere with the driver or distract the driver’s attention except in the event of an emergency.

• Notify their Supervisor/Manger if drivers are not following any or all of their responsibilities listed above.

• Know and obey emergency procedures; and

• Do not smoke in any Ahrens vehicles.

ACCIDENTS AND INCIDENT REPORTING

When any vehicle is on work business and is involved in an accident/incident the driver or a passenger is responsible for:

1. Make the scene as safe as possible.

2. Personnel shall conduct immediate first aid on any injured person.

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3. If the event occurred on a public road, contact ambulance and/ or police then inform the Ahrens responsible Manager.

4. Record details of initial report:

• Identify the driver(s) and vehicle(s) involved.

• Time and geographic location of the accident or incident.

• Number, extent and location of injured personnel.

• Extent of damage.

• Type and condition of product and passengers.

• Weather conditions.

• Police or local authority involvement.

• Condition of the vehicle(s).

• A brief description of the events that resulted in the crash.

• Location of any injured personnel.

• Any additional support required at the scene.

5. Do not leave the scene until authorized by the Ahrens responsible Manager.

TRUCKS AND VEHICLES LOADING AND UNLOADING TRUCKS

• Trained and competent in the MRS18.03 Ahrens Loading and Unloading Procedure for loading and unloading trucks.

• Minimum PPE and other equipment required for drivers transporting equipment and materials to and from project sites include:

- Hard hat for attending loading and unloading of trucks. The drivers head must be protected from falling objects.

- Safety glasses – eye protection in the form of shatter-proof Australia Standard safety glasses are required. ( Clear & Shaded )

- High visibility vest or clothing. Day night gear long sleeve shirt ( Vests Should not be a part of the safety clothing for truck drivers due to catching and entanglement)

- Long sleeve shirts and pants – arms and legs are to be covered for protection from extreme weather, insects and workplace hazards.

- Boots are to be steel capped, lace up boots are to be worn at all times. No elastic sided boots are allowed.

- Gloves are to be worn when handling parts. Full gloves that cover fingers and thumbs completely.

- Wheel chocks – a set of wheel chocks to keep the trailer from moving while the truck is parked or during loading and unloading processes. A second set of wheel chocks may be required for the prime mover (truck).

- Truck drivers always to carry 6 witches’ hats to set up loading and unloading exclusion zones.

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- Truck and pilot vehicle operators need to obtain permission from the manager to take any passenger’s at least 5 working days out. The passenger must be of at least 18 years of age.

VEHICLE BREAKDOWN

In the event of a vehicle breakdown or accident the drive shall:

• Make certain that the vehicle does not present a hazard to other road users:

• Place a hazard warning triangle 100m from the vehicle in the direction of oncoming traffic.

• Notify the supervisor of the breakdown, location of the vehicle and assistance that is required.

• Stay clear of vehicle.

• If on site, the keys should be left in the vehicle.

• Make sure Hazard lights are on.

LOADING AND LAY DOWN AREAS

Construction activities will be planned to minimise vehicle operations and to avoid unnecessary double handling of materials. The location of these areas will be based on the following.

• Avoid pedestrian only areas and main pedestrian routes.

• Set up an exclusion loading and unloading area.

• Exclude pedestrians as far away as reasonably partible.

• Have sufficient room for vehicle movements, lifting operations and storage space; and

• Have adequate lighting if operating at night, clear signs, and appropriate visibility aides for drivers.

VEHICLE MAINTENANCE INSPECTIONS

Maintenance inspections will be performed by the responsible Manager/Supervisor or designee. Copies of the current quarterly inspections will be maintained for each vehicle and inspection forms will be reviewed for actions by the area Manager.

The following guidelines shall be applied:

• Records shall be kept on the QHSE and Pronto Systems for all maintenance activities.

• Drivers will be held accountable for reporting defects and completing the inspection checklists.

• Scheduled maintenance will be the responsibility of the Area Manager.

• Drivers will be held accountable for reporting defects and damage to vehicles.

• Defects and damage are to be reported on the daily pre start checklist.

• 12 month inspections on trucks and trailers should be conducted by an independent service person

MINIMUM VEHICLE INSPECTION STANDARDS

• Vehicles that transport Ahrens personnel shall have seat belts installed and maintained in serviceable Condition for the driver and each passenger;

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• Bus seat belts must be worn by the driver and all passengers in seats where seat belts are provided/available (e.g., front seat passenger(s), passengers seated in front of an open space);

• Seats carrying the driver and any passengers shall be firmly fixed to the vehicle;

• Appropriate re-review mirrors (internal and external – both sides);

• Lights (head and rear, stop, turn signal, and emergency warning);

• Reflective warning triangle (portable emergency warning)

• Maximum allowable speeds – on-site – on public roads – on open highway, and Vehicles carrying hazardous cargo shall have the appropriate placards to identify the materials/hazards with international symbols;

• Reversing alarms

• Fire extinguishers;

• First aid kits;

• Reflective jacket for driver;

• Flashlight (torchlight)

• Water supply, suitable for the fully loaded capacity of the vehicle;

• Hazardous material (e.g., oil) spill clean-up kit appropriate to the size and type of vehicle and its standard cargo; and

• Communication device (phone) for use in emergencies and/or to report accidents/incidents.

MATERIAL LOADING AND LASHING GUIDELINES

All Managers are responsible for ensuring that the activities they control are managed in accordance with load restraint guidelines for heavy vehicles http://www.ntc.gov.au/heavy-vehicles/safety/load-restraint-guide/

In the event that circumstances prevent compliance with these guidelines the Driver must contact their Manager/Divisional Manager.

Supervisors and Drivers are responsible for ensuring that the vehicles that are used to transport product and equipment are appropriate and fit for service and that drivers are provided with the skills and equipment necessary to secure their loads prior to taking to the road.

Drivers are ultimately responsible for ensuring that the loads they carry are secure prior to taking to the road and for inspecting the load at regular intervals during a trip.

LEGAL REQUIREMENTS

All drivers, vehicles and equipment shall comply with the road traffic laws of the State and Territories and meet all driver fatigues and load restraint guidelines and legislative requirements.

4. TRAINING & COMPETENCY • Possesses a valid driving license for the state they work from and carry this license on

them at all times. (Possesses the correct license to operate the correct vehicle. Light Truck/Medium Truck/Heavy Truck/Heavy combination Truck/Multi combination Truck or Car License.

• Ahrens Loading and Unloading Procedure

http://www.ntc.gov.au/heavy-vehicles/safety/load-restraint-guide/


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5. DOCUMENTATION MRS18.01 Driver Fatigue Management Plan

MRS18.02 Journey Management Plan

MRS18.03 Ahrens Loading and Unloading Trucks Procedure

6. REFERENCES Refer to websites listed below for more information: Department of Transport - National Requirements.

National Transport Commission (NTC) – Load Restraint Guide Second Edition – Publications.



05.03.02

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRE01 Soil and Water Contamination

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Major Risk Standard | MRE01 Soil and Water Contamination 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This Major Risk Standard covers the potential to encounter soil and water (including Acid Sulphate Soils and groundwater) contamination and the subsequent management of any identified contamination relating to soil and water (including groundwater) during site works.

2. PLANNING

Assessing Risk • The Project Risk Assessment Workshop should assess the risk and identify controls for

managing soil and water contamination. Elimination or reduction in exposure to these risks should be considered as the first control preference to manage these risks.

• Assess if soil is Potential Acid Sulphate Soil (PASS) or Actual Acid Sulphate Soil (AASS) as different management approaches can be applied to each classification. Ensure the management of AASS is detailed in Environmental Management Plans (EMP).

• Document the risks assessed and identified control measures in 05.01.01 Site HSEQ Risk Assessment.

• Develop a SWMS for activities associated with contaminated material and or water.

• If a potentially contaminated area is identified it should be clearly demarcated and signed. Report to the Site Manager, Project Manager and Environmental Management Representative immediately.

3. OPERATIONS

Sampling, Analysis and Classification A suitably qualified, and NATA accredited, Contaminated Land Consultant should be engaged to undertake the following:

• Sample and analyse suspect soil and water to determine the potential existence of contaminants;

• Sample, analyse and determine classification of material for disposal and or confirm for re-use;

• Report and provide advice on management options, re-use onsite and disposal criteria;

• Provide advice and input for the development of SWMS associated with activities affecting contaminated material and or water.

Ensure the engaged consultant can confirm the following:

• Reuse and disposal options for contaminated soil and other solid waste are determined by their classification;

• Sampling and Analysis to classify the material for re-use or disposal and or water according to the relevant State’s Environmental Authority waste classification criteria and guidelines;

• National Environmental Protection Measures (NEPM);

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It is possible to reuse contaminated soil on site, depending on the contaminants and the level of contamination:

• Ensure approval from the relevant Environmental Authority or an Environmental Authority appointed Auditor.

• Ensure contaminated material is re-used in such a way that does not impact on human health or the environment.

• Provide procedures for reuse or an EMP, if required by Environmental Authority.

Temporary Stockpiles Onsite stockpiles should:

• Be clearly identifiable – contaminated stockpiles must have signage in place.

• Have a record of source location noted in on-site log book/site diary.

• Be located in a secure part of the site, away from any water body or drain

Pollution controls (silt fences etc.) shall be implemented. Where the risk of contaminated run-off and dust exists stockpiles shall be covered.

Any areas where remediation works have been completed must be clearly demarcated, secured and signposted to prevent contamination from ongoing works. Remediation works must be validated by a competent person.

Contaminated Water/Liquids If contaminated water/liquids are encountered (either visually or odorous) or produced it is essential that all liquid is contained in order to prevent contaminating a larger area or entering a watercourse.

• If a contaminated liquid is encountered the area should be demarcated and signposted. The appropriate person should be notified. Engage a suitably qualified consultant to confirm the potential presence of contamination.

• If the contamination is a result of site activities a spill kit should be deployed immediately, by a competent person, to ensure no further contamination of the surrounding environment.

• If materials in drums or tanks are encountered during excavation follow the procedure for “Underground Storage Tanks”

Off-site Disposal Spoil Disposal must be in accordance with Environmental Authority Requirements.

• Contaminated material must be characterised/classified according to Environmental Authority Guidelines.

• Analysis of material for disposal must be provided to the waste transporter/landfill operator to ensure it meets the licence condition of the waste receiver.

• Contaminated material must be transported by licensed trucks accompanied by a Waste Transport Certificate in accordance with Environmental Authority regulations.

Acid Sulphate Soil The disturbance of AASS should be avoided wherever possible:

• Stop work, restrict access and notify your Supervisor.

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Where disturbance of AASS is unavoidable, a person experienced in managing AASS should be consulted to develop an appropriate management strategy based on the following:

• Minimisation of disturbance;

• Minimise the time the soil is exposed to air by staging works, stockpiling and covering soils with plastic;

• Keep the excavation as shallow as possible;

• Do not disturb the water table where possible;

• Reburying the soil at the same depth from which it was excavated – (Refer to figures)

• Spoil from known AASS areas will require assessment/treatment prior to disposal.

• The preferences for minimising air exposure are by burying either underwater or completely underground within 24 hours of excavation; transport off site to a licenced PASS/AASS disposal site; or commence PASS/AASS treatment based on the consultants dosing rates.

AASS treatment:

• Transport AASS to a treatment area away from water sources.

• Bund area to prevent leaching.

• Consult your Environmental Management Representative for treatment options, e.g. lime.

• Do not move treated AASS until pH test confirmed as acceptable.

4. DOCUMENTATION 05.01.01 Site HSEQ Risk Assessment 05.04.01 HSEQ Management Plan

5. REFERENCES Commonwealth NEPM: Assessment of Site Contamination 1999

State Refer to the HSE Department for local environmental legislation or State Environment Protection Authority.

05.03.02

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRE02 Flora and Fauna

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Major Risk Standard | MRE02 Flora and Fauna 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This Major Risk Standard covers the identification and management of flora and fauna including pest species. It covers:

• The use of weed management techniques to reduce the risk of pest species transportation.

• The management and control of regulated and significant trees.

2. PLANNING

Assessing Risk • Consider Flora and Fauna risk when completing the 05.01.01 Site HSEQ Risk Assessment

for sites/projects which include:

o Native/endangered flora;

o Native/endangered fauna;

o Pest species;

o Regulated/significant trees

• Document the risks assessed and identified control measures in 05.01.01 Site HSEQ Risk Assessment and the 05.04.01 HSEQ Management Plan including the identified control measures.

• Develop a 05.05.01 SWMS for activities associated with identified native/rare species or noxious weeds and regulated and significant trees.

• If a native/rare species or regulated/significant tree is identified it should be clearly demarcated and signed. Report to the Site Manager, Project Manager and Environmental Management Representative immediately.

• Collect data from local government offices or websites and review for your project:

o Locally identifiable native flora and fauna, noxious pest species;

o Complete a threatened species search through www.environment.gov.au and your state’s Environmental Protection Agency website;

o Collect data from local government offices or websites on locally endangered, protected or threatened species;

o Where required, develop local fauna handling procedures that are species specific

• Ensure the management of Flora & Fauna is detailed in HSEQ Management Plans and if necessary develop a Flora and Fauna and Pest Species Management Sub Plan which will identify the project specific method of control and management.

Tree Management (Regulated/Significant) The identification of Regulated and Significant Trees should be carried out by a qualified Arborist. The Arborist should be engaged to give advice on the following:

• Species and classification of the tree (non-regulated/regulated/significant);

• Management of works adjacent to, or within, tree protection/structural root zones;

• Controls to protect from physical damage (subsurface/above ground) including signage;

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• Ongoing assessment of trees.

GENERAL

• Tree/vegetation clearance is to be avoided and or minimised.

• No stockpiling of any materials within the drip line of any tree.

• Pruning shall be completed by a qualified Arborist.

• Alternatives to lopping or felling of trees for safety reasons is to be investigated and, if required, completed by a qualified arborist.

• All trees/plants to be retained shall be fenced off around drip line where possible.

HOLLOW BEARING TREE AND LOG REMOVAL

Projects will aim to avoid the loss of hollow-bearing tress and logs. However, where the loss is unavoidable, the following steps will be undertaken to minimize the impacts upon hollow-dependent fauna:

• The presence of hollow-bearing trees and logs will be confirmed prior to the commencement of construction phase;

• Searches for threatened fauna will be done within the two weeks prior to the removal of the relevant hollow-bearing tree or log;

• Vegetation surrounding hollow-bearing trees or logs will be removed at least 48 hours prior to the removal of hollow-bearing trees or logs themselves, after inspection by a wildlife specialist for the presence of threatened fauna;

• Hollow-bearing trees will be removed at an appropriate time of the day. The removal must be monitored by wildlife specialists so that they can capture and release any animals which may be present.

Flora The identification of particular species can only be carried out by a qualified botanist. The botanist shall give instructions on how to manage the plant or if relocation is possible. When working around threatened flora:

• Botanists will be required to identify and manage the relocation of the identified plant/tree.

• Undertake construction activities (where possible) during the dormant phase of ephemeral species.

• Design major construction disturbance in areas of generally low ecological value wherever possible.

• Flagging or para-webbing will be used to create an ecological ‘no go zone’ until the threatened flora can be relocated. When flagging the area, the boundary should be extended to the plant’s drip line to ensure its survival while construction is occurring.

• Impacts to threatened flora species may be offset by one or a combination of the following actions:

o Translocation of individual plants to nearby suitable receptor sites;

o Taking divisions (sections) from appropriate species and translocation/planting in nearby suitable receptor sites; and

o Collecting seed from suitable species and storing them at a suitable seed bank (e.g. Botanical Gardens);

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o Germinating seeds, growing in a nursery, and then planting at a suitable revegetation/rehabilitation site.

Fauna Animals shall only be handled by a wildlife specialist; however when the animal is at risk of injury, or mortality from stress, care should be taken to remove the animal from the hazard immediately.

Excavations/trenches must be covered over-night to prevent animal access. If excavations must be left open overnight at least one end of the excavation must be sufficiently sloped to allow wildlife to escape. Excavations left open overnight must be checked prior to construction starting each day.

If construction is undertaken in areas where animals are likely to be found (e.g. mallee scrub) wildlife specialist may need to be on call for all construction activities.

If fauna is found in the area of constructions:

• Halt construction and allow the animal to move away.

• If the animal will not move away, or is injured, a wildlife specialist should be consulted.

• If a wildlife specialist is not available contact a veterinarian for advice.

• Deceased fauna should be removed from the construction site. Ensure gloves are worn when handling deceased animals.

• Do not provoke any fauna species onsite.

• Fauna-proof fencing may be required if ground-dwelling animals are present.

Herbicides and Pesticides The use of herbicides/pesticides must be carried out by a competent person with verifiable experience and training in herbicide/pesticide application and site specific risks. Check with your local authority for license conditions relating to the use of these products.

Specialist contractors may be required to both identify and manage the eradication of pest species.

Herbicide use:

• Comply with HSEQ risk assessment, SWMS, SDS and manufacturer’s instructions;

• Do not use herbicides near or adjacent to natural water courses, storm water inlets or riparian zones.

• Ensure proper maintenance, storage and disposal of waste containers.

• Check the prevailing weather conditions are suitable before use.

• Notify adjoining land owners.

• Maintain records of herbicide use including:

o Operators details

o Dates, locations of use

o The species treated, and

o The registered name and quantities of herbicides used (attach MSDS and mixing details)

Pesticide use:

• Comply with HSEQ risk assessment, SWMS, SDS and manufacturer’s instructions

• Do not use pesticides near or adjacent to natural water courses, storm water inlets or riparian zones.

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• Apply to only the target area.

• Ensure proper maintenance, storage and disposal of waste containers.

• Notify adjoining land owners.

• Maintain records of pesticide use including:

o Operators details

o Dates, locations of use

o The species treated, and

o The registered name and quantities of herbicides used (attach MSDS and mixing details)

Pest Species Control

WEEDS

• Prevent weeds from seeding and proliferating by regularly trimming verges and fallow areas not subject to development. Trimming is generally preferable to removal to assist with soil and water management.

• Weed infested topsoil should be stockpiled separately and marked clearly. Infested soil can be reused but must be buried at least 300mm below the surface of finished grade to eliminate future weed growth.

• Always cover trailers when transporting removed plant material to prevent seeds and other live plant material falling off [note in the some states it is illegal to transport 'declared weeds'].

• Use a licensed disposal facility to dispose of vegetative waste [refer to the above dot point].

• In areas where declared pest plants or weeds are present, wash or clean site vehicles to remove soil or plant material before the vehicle leaves the site boundary or quarantined zone.

PEST ANIMALS

• Prevent and remove standing water.

• Store rubbish appropriately in a sealed and covered area/bin, remove and dispose as soon as practical.

• Install physical barriers were required

• Prevent access beneath/in between buildings and structures.

• Ensure good housekeeping and site maintenance.

3. DOCUMENTATION 05.01.01 Site HSEQ Risk Assessment 05.05.01 SWMS 05.04.01 HSEQ Management Plan

05.03.02

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRE03 Waste

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Major Risk Standard | MRE03 Waste 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This Major Risk Standard covers the creation, collection and disposal of construction wastes including the generation of trade waste water.

2. PLANNING

Assessing Risk • Assess the risks and identify control measures during the Project Risk Assessment pre-

planning meeting.

• Document the risks assessed and identified control measures in the project Aspects and Impacts Register.

• Identified Aspects and Impacts should be included in the Project Environmental Management Plan including the identified control measures.

• Determine the local water authority’s requirements for the disposal of liquid trade wastes.

• Develop a Waste Management Sub-Plan detailing the project waste management.

• Review and determine disposal requirements from Safety Data Sheets (SDS) and labels.

Competency • Volumes of solid waste recycled or disposed to landfill must be reported monthly.

• EPA Waste Transport Certificates are to be completed for disposal of all prescribed industrial waste.

Construction Waste • A licensed waste contractor must be used for the collection and transport of all non-domestic/

commercial wastes for either offsite processing and/or disposal to a licensed facility. Receipts for waste transfer and disposal must be checked to ensure all details are correct and retained for audit purposes.

• All recyclable solid wastes (paper/ cardboard/ plastic/ glass/ timber/ metals/ printer cartridges) should be segregated for recycling purposes.

• All excavated natural, non-contaminated soil, aggregate or rock should be stockpiled separately and re-used onsite where possible. Landfill disposal of clean excavated natural materials should be avoided.

General Waste • Waste chemical containers, product and used spill kit materials are to be disposed-of

separately to general waste and in accordance with relevant legislation.

• All recyclable solid wastes (paper/cardboard/plastic/glass/timber/metals/printer cartridges) should be segregated for recycling purposes.

Trade Waste Water License • If the trade waste is to be connected to the sewer then a trade waste licence is to be sought

from the local authority.

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3. OPERATIONS

Construction Waste • Segregation should be carried out onsite where possible.

• If on-site segregation is not possible then waste must be segregated off site for recycling.

• Separate, clearly labelled, waste receptacles must be available, covered to prevent loss, and located in an easily accessible position.

General Waste • Review local authority/council requirements for the disposal of general wastes.

• Ensure the timely removal and disposal of general wastes to ensure site compounds remain waste free and in a suitably clean condition.

Trade Waste Water On sites where wet-trade works will be conducted a toolbox talk explaining correct equipment cleaning techniques should be conducted. The talk content should include:

• Wash out bay locations;

• Separation of paint and grout washout facilities;

• Use of equipment and details of maintenance.

TRADE WASTE WASHOUT LOCATION

Ensure that the location of trade waste is determined at the construction planning stage of the project.

Subcontractor Documentation • Consider that subcontractor agreements contain clauses applicable to the use of trade waste

washouts for tool and brush cleaning.

• Consider when letting the painter’s subcontract agreement including a clause directing that a 'Dulux Eco Wash System' or similar be provided and maintained as part of the works scope.

• Where relevant, verify adequacy of the subcontractor SWMS.

• Subcontractor monitoring

• Monitor subcontractor activity and where applicable the use of trade waste washout areas.

• Where relevant, develop an Environmental Inspection Test Plan (ITP).

Hazardous Waste • Any sites with hazardous building materials must be equipped with a hazardous materials bin

for temporary storage of materials in the event of an emergency.

• Any areas where hazardous building materials have been damaged must be contained and made safe until a licensed contractor can remove the damaged materials and reinstate a non-hazardous alternative.


05.05.01 SWMS

05.04.01 HSEQ Management Plan

05.03.02

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRE04 Soil Erosion and Drainage

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Major Risk Standard | MRE04 Soil Erosion and Drainage 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This Major Risk Standard outlines the planning, installation and maintenance of erosion and sediment controls and outlines the management of dewatering activities during construction activities.

2. PLANNING

Assessing Risk • Assess the risks and identify control measures during the Project Risk Assessment

Workshop.

• Elimination or reduction in exposure to these risks should be considered as the first control preference to manage these risks, where reasonably practical


• Collate data and maps from local government offices, websites or other means to understand local drainage patterns, soil types and topography of the project site.

• Determine the need for an Erosion and Sediment Control Plans (ESCP) to be included in the EMP by considering the following:

o Erosion Prevention;

o Soil Management;

o Water Management.

Competency

EROSION CONTROL

• All erosion and sediment controls must be installed by persons who have received instruction in erosion and sediment control.

• Project site management is to receive erosion and sediment control instruction by the soil conservationist or personnel with relevant expertise.

• Erosion and sediment controls should both ensure site layout is designed to minimize soil disturbance.

DEWATERING

• Personnel conducting dewatering activities must be provided with adequate instruction.

• Supervise, minimise & control water flow to designated dewatering areas by using existing vegetation, sheet piles, containment berms, cut off trenches, sand bags, hay bales, clean rock, geofabric, etc.

• Ensure dewatering containment areas have adequate capacity. Inspect following rain periods.

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3. PLANNING

Erosion and Sediment Control Plans (ESCPs) • ESCPs are to be reviewed and approved by the Project Manager in consultation with a Soil

Conservationist or appropriately trained person.

• Examples of erosion and sediment control include

o Managing site activities

Limit time excavations are exposed

Excavate during dry weather

Store stockpiles on higher ground and separately to spoil

Suppress dust

Minimise sediment transport around site

Retain sediment as close to its source as possible

o Design and Installation of Structures

Divert clean water around the site

Stabilise disturbed soils

Restrict construction traffic to defined roads

Sediment control device selection should consider:

• Purpose.

• Potential water and sediment loads.

• Type and risk of pollutants.

• Location e.g. disturbed soils, stockpiles, drains, pits, slopes, batters and sediment basins:

• Some common sediment filters that can be used around site are:

• Straw Bale Filters

• Sediment Fences

• Geotextile Filter Socks

• Geotextile Turf Strips:

• Sandbags

Erosion and sediment control devices should not impede waterways without appropriate approvals.

If required, sediment basins should be the final component of ESCP.

Sediment Retention Basins Sediment Retention Basins should contain water of suitable quality. Treated discharge must be of sufficient quality to not pollute downstream receiving water – refer to statutory standards and discharge limits.

Basins must have adequate sediment storage capacity – a soil conservationist should be engaged to assist in the design of sediment retention basins.

Flocculants should be used where necessary to settle out fine soils that can be held in suspension. Flocculants must be approved by the EMR prior to use. Typical flocculants include:

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o Gypsum (32kg/100m3)

o Alum (dosing rate to be determined on site)

o Polyelectrolytes (dosing rate to be determined according to manufactures guidelines)

Monitoring and Maintenance Environmental Inspection Test Plans (ITP) should include:

• Inspection frequency of all erosion and sediment control devices - these should also be inspected and within 24 hours of the cessation of significant (>10mm) rain events;

• Sediment basin discharge, flocculation and maintenance;

• Water quality monitoring, including that discharged from the sediment, basin is to be maintained;

• Records of all inspections must also be maintained by EMP.

Dewatering Water may be left on site if there are no significant or aesthetic contaminations. Should contaminations be present de-watering may be required.

All dewatering activities must be discussed with your immediate supervisor/manager prior to dewatering occurring, and should be adequately supervised. Efforts should be made to minimise and control water flow.

Where water must be removed, determine if there are any significant or aesthetic contaminations. Efforts must be made to pump water in a controlled manner – keep the pump intake close to the surface in order to minimise the pumping of sediment, and ensure that runoff containing sediment does not reach any body of water or stormwater system.

Water Discharging If water must be removed from the site the water quality must be determined and local authority approval is required.

If there is a risk of contamination test the pH and turbidity of the water. Compare results with those of the existing watercourse. If results are within +/- 10% de-watering can occur. If results are not within +/- 10% water treatment is required before discharging water to stormwater or creek/river systems.

1. Filter water by using bales of straw, silt traps etc.

2. Inspect and test (if required) suspended solids level for filtering effectiveness (testing frequencies shall be recorded in Environmental Inspection Test Plans);

o Electronic devices should be used wherever possible

o Test records shall be maintained and accessible to site personnel;

o Testing should consider turbidity, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen (if available) electrical conductivity (if available) and general aesthetic qualities, e.g. colour, if there is a sheen present, still/moving water etc.

3. If water is of sufficient quality, it may be discharged to stormwater or creek/river systems.


05.03.02

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRE05 Bunding and Spills

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Major Risk Standard | MRE05 Bunding and Spills 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This Major Risk Standard outlines the bunding requirements on project sites and the management of fuel or chemical spills within construction zones. Reference should also be made to MRS07 Hazardous Substances & Dangerous Goods.

2. PLANNING

Assessing Risk • Assess the risks and identify control measures during the Project Risk Assessment workshop.

The hierarchy of controls must be applied to the risk management of all chemicals. Requirements for types of spill kits should be determined during the risk assessment.


3. OPERATIONS Preventative spill measures:

• Ensure operator attendance when refuelling plant;

• Nominate points for refuelling away from water courses and storm water entry points plant;

• Implement pre-start inspections of plant;

• Regularly inspect spill kit contents for suitability and contents before and following incidents;

• Ensure storage tanks and containers have appropriate bunding;

• Minimise the amount of chemicals stored on site;

• Chemical storage areas should be checked weekly.

Bunding • Bunding of all onsite Fuels and Chemicals: Unless there are higher requirements the net

capacity of a bund should be 110% of the net capacity of the largest container or fuel cell.

• The bund must be made of impervious floor and wall materials to the specified capacity. The bund must have the ability to prevent migration of any spills to the surrounding environment.

• Ensure the bund has a sump at which any build-up of liquids can be removed at the lowest point (sump cannot be connected to the storm water system).

• Cover bund to prevent storm water entering the bund area.

• A licensed waste contractor should be engaged to clean out the contents of a bund and dispose of to a licensed facility.

Managing Spills Ensure a spill kit is accessible and adjacent to chemical storage area.

• Secure the spill site and ensure area is safe and access is controlled.

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• Any spill quantity that has potential to harm humans or the environment should be reported to your supervisor. Include details such as:

1. Where, when & how;

2. What type of material;

3. What volume of liquids and/or chemicals involved. Has it stopped?

4. Risk of fire, explosion or water pollution;

5. Risk of human, flora and fauna exposure.

• Assess the spill to determine if it can be dealt with by the individual, the spill response team or if outside assistance is required i.e. HAZCHEM, police, fire brigade, specialist spill response company.

• Locate supporting SDS, risk assessments and Personal Protection Equipment.

Spill Containment (CAD) All spills should be reported to your Ahrens supervisor, and treated using the CAD principle.

• Contain the spill through the use of equipment such as sand bags, automatic shut off devices, spill booms, absorption products, drain covers or bunding. Tarps may be used to cover and prevent dampness to granules or possible dispersion by wind.

• Absorb the spill using site spill kits or appropriate materials

• Dispose of absorbed spills in appropriate disposal bags. Correctly dispose of contaminants off site using a licensed contaminated waste disposal contractor or in trade waste if applicable. Used spill kit materials must not be disposed of with general wastes.

4. TRAINING & COMPETENCY Spill management instruction should be provided to relevant staff.


6. REFERENCES

General National Standard - Storage & Handling of Workplace Dangerous Goods [NOHSC: 1015]

AS 3780: The storage and handling of corrosive substances

AS.NZS: 2833: The storage and handling of mixed gases of dangerous goods in packages and intermediate bulk containers.

AS 1940: The storage and handling of flammable and combustible liquids.

05.03.02

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRE06 Cultural and Heritage

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Major Risk Standard | MRE06 Cultural and Heritage 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This Major Risk Standard is applicable to all cultural and heritage factors including, but not limited to, archaeological, traditional, historical, Aboriginal & Indigenous and Contemporary matters.

2. PLANNING

Assessing Risk Cultural and heritage risks should be considered when completing 05.01.01 Site HSEQ Risk Assessment. The management of cultural and heritage risks should be detailed in the HSEQ Management Plans. If necessary a Cultural Heritage Sup-plan may be developed. Cultural and heritage factors may be significant because of past events or inherent spiritual quality, and therefor may not be visually identifiable.

You may need to conduct research to identify the local areas of cultural significance. Sources of information include local government and EPA offices and websites.

3. OPERATIONS • Arrange for Cultural Heritage Monitors to supervise works in areas where there are potential

heritage risks. • Halt all operations in the immediate area on discovery of culturally significant material or sites

and report to Supervisor. Work should not recommence until directed by the relevant authority.

• Discovery of human skeletal remains should be reported to police. • Maintain records of all cultural heritage findings. • All items or areas of significance must be signposted and protected appropriately.

4. TRAINING & COMPETENCY • Indigenous people are the primary sources of information on the value of indigenous heritage

places and how they are best preserved. • The criteria used by Aboriginal people to assess cultural significance may be quite different

from those used to make assessments of scientific significance. Significance assessments by Aboriginal people may be based on traditional, historical, contemporary and other cultural values.

• Consult authorities and specialist consultants to determine the significance of cultural heritage findings.

• Ensure relevant site personnel are provided with instruction on site components of cultural and heritage significance during site induction.


05.03.02

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRE07 Air, Noise and Vibration

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Major Risk Standard | MRE07 Air, Noise and Vibration 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This Major Risk Standard outlines the planning and operational controls required for the management of air and noise emissions and vibration associated with works from all operations.

2. PLANNING • Assess the risks and identify control measures during the Project Risk Assessment

Workshop;


• Identify sensitive receivers in the vicinity (could be human/structural or local flora and fauna);

• Identified significant risk may result in the development of site specific Air, Noise and Vibration Management Sub Plans.

• Apply the hierarchy of control to minimise air, noise and vibration impacts, onsite operational controls should not be considered as the primary protection method.

3. OPERATIONS

General Higher order controls should be the first priority in the management of air/noise emissions and vibration and should be undertaken during the planning phase. The list below shows examples of higher order controls:

• Elimination: Work method and plant selection is changed to reduce noise/dust/ vibration eg. rock saw versus rock breaker;

• Isolation: Encapsulation of noise using barriers; and

• Engineering: Modification of plant/equipment to minimise noise

Air • All activities involving excavation or disturbance of soils or vegetation must implement

controls to prevent and/or minimise the generation of dust (ie. stockpiles covered).

• All plant and equipment must be serviced regularly to ensure exhaust emissions generated are within the specified plant and equipment standards.

• Water/dust suppressant is to be available at all times for dust suppression.

• Sealed areas to be kept free from dirt/dust (street sweepers etc.).

• No burning off is permitted onsite unless permit obtained.

• Permanent dust monitoring locations must be demarcated and sign posted.

Noise • Program and construct works where possible to minimise noisy works at more sensitive times

(early morning and late afternoon);

• Determine the noise criteria under license, approvals and/or legislation:

o Allowable days and time of operations; and

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MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRE07 Air, Noise and Vibration

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o Allowable maximum noise level at the fence line [noting some authorities will accept the nearest sensitive receiver].

• Ensure that special requirements for environmental noise are recorded in the scopes of work for inclusion in subcontractor documentation;

• Select haul roads, loading areas and transport routes which limit noise generation and impact;

• Locate noise generating activities away from the fence line and or the nearest receiver;

• Erect noise barriers to refract sound away from sensitive receivers;

• For noise sensitive projects allow for unmanned noise monitoring stations;

• Keep the community informed; notify stakeholders and local residents in advance (by letter drop, internet, SMS etc.) of all planned activities, their scheduled durations and proposed noise control measures for such activities that have the potential to generate loud noise;

• Any permanent noise monitoring points required by local planning or regulatory authorities must be demarcated and identified within the HSEQ MP with records of noise monitoring maintained;

• All plant and equipment must be serviced regularly in accordance with manufacturer guidelines to ensure noise emissions generated are within specified plant standards.

Vibration • Dilapidation surveys may be required to be conducted prior to and during works to monitor

vibration impacts;

• Program and construct works where possible to minimise vibratory works at more sensitive times (early morning and late afternoon).

4. TRAINING & COMPETENCY • Where significant noise and vibration risks have been identified monitoring should be

conducted prior to works beginning onsite to obtain background noise levels and structural integrity of surrounding infrastructure;

• Air monitoring consultants or competent personnel must undertake air monitoring should it be required;

• Ensure that noise and vibration meters are kept calibrated at the prescribed frequencies and dates. A record of such tests is to be kept onsite;

• Allowable work hours determined by local council, Environmental Authority, license or development consents must be identified;

• Any complaints received regarding air, noise or vibration must be recorded in and responded to as per the Project HSEQ MP.


05.05.01 SWMS

05.04.01 HSEQ Management Plan

05.03.02

MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRE08 Abrasive Blasting

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Major Risk Standard | MRE08 Abrasive Blasting 1. PURPOSE & SCOPE

This Major Risk Standard covers the dry abrasive blasting process.

2. PLANNING Abrasive blasting is carried out to clean the surface of steel in preparation for the application of paint and other coatings. Ahrens has conducted a risk assessment for, and documented the process of, abrasive blasting. Refer 07.03 Production.

3. OPERATIONS • All blasting must take place within a specially designed blasting chamber which will contain

the blast materials.

• Used blast materials must be stored until they are recycles by an approved disposal company.

• Only silica-free abrasive is to be used in the blasting process.

• An emergency spill kit must be available near the blasting area at all time.

• Personnel are not allowed within the paint facility without Ahrens Management authorisation.

o No persons are allowed to enter the blasting area while blasting is in progress,

• The blasting machine must be locked out when any maintenance work is required.

• A confined space permit is required to carry out works within the blasting chamber.

o Personnel conducting work in the blasting chamber must have confined space training.

EPA Notification Written approval must be obtained from the EPA Authority when changes to blasting processes have the potential to:

• Increase emissions, pollution or waste generated by/from the licensed activity,

• Increase the risk of environmental harm,

• Alter the nature of the pollutants/waste currently generated from/by the licensed activity, or

• Relocate the point of pollution/waste discharge.

Ahrens will submit written applications to the EPA Authority using the “Application for Change to Process Emissions or Waste” form.

Ahrens’ EPA license must be prominently displayed in a visible area.

4. DOCUMENTATION 07.03 Production

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MAJOR RISK STANDARD | MRE08 Abrasive Blasting

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5. REFERENCES General EPA Guidelines – Abrasive Blast Cleaning

EPA Guides for Planners – Abrasive Blasting

EPA Vessel & Facility Management – Abrasive Blasting, Scraping and Sanding

EPA Guidelines – Pressure Water-Blasting Activities

Documents

05 03 Major Risk Standards Booklet