04 Maintenance

7/25/2019 04 Maintenance

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Maintenance


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Much of the work of the Deck Department on boarda ship concerns the maintenance of the ship and her

ttings. This is the responsibility of the Chief Ocer.He and the men in his charge must protect the shipfrom the damaging eects of salt water! changes intemperature and the action of wa"es.


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The principal material used in building a ship is mild

steel! and steel of dierent types is used for making

most ttings and e#uipment. $nfortunately! steelunder%goes a chemical change known as rusting whenin contact with air! water or salt solutions. This causesthe metal to deteriorate rapidly! unless some form of

protection is gi"en.


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To try and pre"ent this corrosion! the metal is coated

with cement wash! bitumen and paint. Cement wash

is a mi&ture of cement powder and fresh water. 't isused in freshwater tanks and double bottom tanks.(itumen is used in bilges and peak tanks. 't is alsoused on metal decks before they are sheathed with

wood.


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Howe"er! the principal protecti"e coating is paint.There are many types of paint a"ailable nowadays

in a wide "ariety of colours and it is no longernecessary for the (oatswain to mi& his own. )aintsare stowed in the paint locker! which is usuallysituated under the forecastle head.


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The most common kinds of paint found on boardship are as follows* metal primers! which are

applied to a bare surface to gi"e protection againstrust and to act as a key to the ne&t coat+undercoats! which are used o"er the primer beforethe top coat+ top coats! which pro"ide a hard%wearing surface and gi"e the re#uired colour+ heat%resistant paints for radiators and pipes and for theship,s funnel+ non%slip paints for use on weatherdecks and other suitable surfaces such ascompanion%ways+ and "arnishes to gi"e a clear

protecti"e coat to woodwork. -or painting! thesurface of a ship,s hull is di"ided into three distinctareas* the topside! boot%topping and bottom.


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-or painting! the surface of a ship,shull is di"ided into three distinct

areas* the topside! boot%topping andbottom.


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Topside paint is supplied in the company,s coloursor in light grey! if the "essel is a warship. 't isapplied to the area of the ship,s hull which is out of

the water when the ship is loaded. (oot%topping isapplied to that area of the hull which is out of thewater when the ship is in the light condition andunder water when the ship is loaded.


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ship,s bottom is gi"en a coating of anti%fouling paint. nti%fouling paints contain

to&icants which are poisonous to marine life.The to&icants ha"e to dissol"e out of thepaint into the surrounding water in order tobe eecti"e.


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(efore an area can be repainted! properpreparation is essential. The area must be

cleaned and washed with a cleaning solution toremo"e all salt! dirt and oil. The paintwork mustthen be rinsed with clean fresh water and alltrace of the cleaning solution remo"ed.


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/oose paint and scale is remo"edwith a scraper and any hea"y rust

with a chipping hammer. -inally! awire brush should be used on all baremetal to remo"e the last of the scale!

before the rst coat of paint isapplied.


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GRAMMAR

(A) Noun compounds

Compounds are common in technical writing. Theypro"ide a way of creating new words to describenew ob0ects and processes. They also permit a"ery condensed form of writing.

Here are three forms of noun compound.

1oun 2 noun

compounds are formed as follows*

ship for cargo for (

becomes a cargo ship (


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Many dierent kinds of relationship are possible

in such noun 2 noun compounds. 3ome moreare listed below*

of (

with4has (

contains (

made of 4from (

in4on4at (

operated by (

shaped like (

uses (

in"ented by (


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e.g. The co"er of a cylinder % The cylinder co"er

e.g. 5ater with salt in it 67 3alt water

e.g. The house contains the wheel % Thewheelhouse

e.g. 5ire made of copper % Copper wire

e.g. The plate at the back % The back plate

e.g. pump operated by hand 67 hand pump

e.g. nut shaped like a butter8y butter8y nut

e.g. turbine dri"en by steam 67 steam

turbine e.g. Calipers in"ented by 9ernier 67 9ernier

calipers


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Exercise 1.

Try and identify the relationships in the

followin compounds! a needle "al"e

carbon steel

a petrol tank

a wire rope corner bolts

a foot pump

8oor plates

a Mac:regor hatch

a diesel engine

a container ship


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". #resent participle $ noun compounds are formedas follows!

"al"es which regulate % regulating "al"es

water which cools % cooling water

)ast participle 2 noun compounds are formed as follows*

bolts which ha"e been tted 67 tted bolts

iron which has been cast 67 cast iron

air which has been compressed ;;;;;;.. oil which is used for lubricating;;;;;..

ropes which are used for mooring;;;;;;;;

a 0oint which has been ri"eted;;;;;;;;;;

a surface which has been machined;;;;;;;.. oil which has been heated;;;;;;;;;;.

air which is used for sca"enging;;;;;;;;

a 0oint which has been welded;;;;;;;

rags which are used for cleaning;;;;;;;


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(%) #urpose lin&s

)urpose for doing something can be e&pressed in se"eral

ways.


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Exercise 1.

'se your imaination to complete thesesentences to show the purpose for theaction!

3hips carry lifeboats;;;;;.

Bngines must be regularly ser"iced;;;;;..

He opened the window;;;;

3afety "al"es are tted;;;;.

3hips are taken on sea trials;;;..

:oggles should be worn ..............

He set his alarm clock;;;..

5arships are painted grey ;;;;;.

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04 Maintenance