03- PCS902 Line Distance Relay

PCS-902

Line Distance Relay

Instruction Manual

NR Electric Co., Ltd.

Preface

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay i

Date: 2013-12-18

Preface

Introduction

This guide and the relevant operating or service manual documentation for the equipment provide

full information on safe handling, commissioning and testing of this equipment.

Documentation for equipment ordered from NR is dispatched separately from manufactured goods

and may not be received at the same time. Therefore, this guide is provided to ensure that printed

information normally present on equipment is fully understood by the recipient.

Before carrying out any work on the equipment, the user should be familiar with the contents of

this manual, and read relevant chapter carefully.

This chapter describes the safety precautions recommended when using the equipment. Before

installing and using the equipment, this chapter must be thoroughly read and understood.

Health and Safety

The information in this chapter of the equipment documentation is intended to ensure that

equipment is properly installed and handled in order to maintain it in a safe condition.

When electrical equipment is in operation, dangerous voltages will be present in certain parts of

the equipment. Failure to observe warning notices, incorrect use, or improper use may endanger

personnel and equipment and cause personal injury or physical damage.

Before working in the terminal strip area, the equipment must be isolated.

Proper and safe operation of the equipment depends on appropriate shipping and handling,

proper storage, installation and commissioning, and on careful operation, maintenance and

servicing. For this reason, only qualified personnel may work on or operate the equipment.

Qualified personnel are individuals who:

Are familiar with the installation, commissioning, and operation of the equipment and of the

system to which it is being connected;

Are able to safely perform switching operations in accordance with accepted safety

engineering practices and are authorized to energize and de-energize equipment and to

isolate, ground, and label it;

Are trained in the care and use of safety apparatus in accordance with safety engineering

practices;

Are trained in emergency procedures (first aid).

Instructions and Warnings

The following indicators and standard definitions are used:

Preface

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay ii

Date: 2013-12-18

DANGER!

It means that death, severe personal injury, or considerable equipment damage will occur if safety

precautions are disregarded.

WARNING!

It means that death, severe personal, or considerable equipment damage could occur if safety

precautions are disregarded.

CAUTION!

It means that light personal injury or equipment damage may occur if safety precautions are

disregarded. This particularly applies to damage to the device and to resulting damage of the

protected equipment.

WARNING!

The firmware may be upgraded to add new features or enhance/modify existing features, please

make sure that the version of this manual is compatible with the product in your hand.

WARNING!

During operation of electrical equipment, certain parts of these devices are under high voltage.

Severe personal injury or significant equipment damage could result from improper behavior.

Only qualified personnel should work on this equipment or in the vicinity of this equipment. These

personnel must be familiar with all warnings and service procedures described in this manual, as

well as safety regulations.

In particular, the general facility and safety regulations for work with high-voltage equipment must

be observed. Noncompliance may result in death, injury, or significant equipment damage.

DANGER!

Never allow the current transformer (CT) secondary circuit connected to this equipment to be

opened while the primary system is live. Opening the CT circuit will produce a dangerously high

voltage.

WARNING!

Exposed terminals

Do not touch the exposed terminals of this equipment while the power is on, as the high voltage

generated is dangerous

Preface

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay iii

Date: 2013-12-18

Residual voltage

Hazardous voltage can be present in the DC circuit just after switching off the DC power supply. It

takes a few seconds for the voltage to discharge.

CAUTION!

Earth

The earthing terminal of the equipment must be securely earthed

Operating environment

The equipment must only be used within the range of ambient environment detailed in the

specification and in an environment free of abnormal vibration.

Ratings

Before applying AC voltage and current or the DC power supply to the equipment, check that they

conform to the equipment ratings.

Printed circuit board

Do not attach and remove printed circuit boards when DC power to the equipment is on, as this

may cause the equipment to malfunction.

External circuit

When connecting the output contacts of the equipment to an external circuit, carefully check the

supply voltage used in order to prevent the connected circuit from overheating.

Connection cable

Carefully handle the connection cable without applying excessive force.

Copyright 2013 NR. All rights reserved.

We reserve all rights to this document and to the information contained herein. Improper use in particular reproduction and dissemination

to third parties is strictly forbidden except where expressly authorized.

The information in this manual is carefully checked periodically, and necessary corrections will be included in future editions. If

nevertheless any errors are detected, suggestions for correction or improvement are greatly appreciated.

We reserve the rights to make technical improvements without notice.

NR ELECTRIC CO., LTD.

69 Suyuan Avenue. Jiangning, Nanjing 211102, China

Tel: +86-25-87178185, Fax: +86-25-87178208

Website: www.nrelect.com, www.nari-relays.com

Version: R1.07
http://www.nrelect.com/http://www.nari-relays.com/

Preface

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay iv

Date: 2013-12-18

Documentation Structure

The manual provides a functional and technical description of this relay and a comprehensive set

of instructions for the relays use and application.

All contents provided by this manual are summarized as below:

1 Introduction

Briefly introduce the application, functions and features about this relay.

2 Technical Data

Introduce the technical data about this relay, such as electrical specifications, mechanical

specifications, ambient temperature and humidity range, communication port parameters, type

tests, setting ranges and accuracy limits and the certifications that our products have passed.

3 Operation Theory

Introduce a comprehensive and detailed functional description of all protective elements.

4 Supervision

Introduce the automatic self-supervision function of this relay.

5 Management

Introduce the management function (measurement, recording and remote control) of this relay.

6 Hardware

Introduce the main function carried out by each plug-in module of this relay and providing the

definition of pins of each plug-in module.

7 Settings

List settings including system settings, communication settings, label settings, logic links and etc.,

and some notes about the setting application.

8 Human Machine Interface

Introduce the hardware of the human machine interface (HMI) module and a detailed guide for the

user how to use this relay through HMI. It also lists all the information which can be view through

HMI, such as settings, measurements, all kinds of reports etc.

9 Configurable Function

Introduce configurable function of the device and all configurable signals are listed.

10 Communication

Introduce the communication port and protocol which this relay can support, IEC60970-5-103,

IEC61850 and DNP3.0 protocols are introduced in details.

11 Installation

Preface

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay v

Date: 2013-12-18

Introduce the recommendations on unpacking, handling, inspection and storage of this relay. A

guide to the mechanical and electrical installation of this relay is also provided, incorporating

earthing recommendations. A typical wiring connection to this relay is indicated.

12 Commissioning

Introduce how to commission this relay, comprising checks on the calibration and functionality of

this relay.

13 Maintenance

A general maintenance policy for this relay is outlined.

14 Decommissioning and Disposal

A general decommissioning and disposal policy for this relay is outlined.

15 Manual Version History

List the instruction manual version and the modification history records.

Typographic and Graphical Conventions

Deviations may be permitted in drawings and tables when the type of designator can be obviously

derived from the illustration.

The following symbols are used in drawings:

&

AND gate

1

OR gate

Comparator

BI Binary signal via opto-coupler

SET I>Input signal from comparator with setting

EN Input signal of logic setting for function enabling

Preface

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay vi

Date: 2013-12-18

SIG Input of binary signal except those signals via opto-coupler

XXXOutput signal

t

t

Timer

Timer (optional definite-time or inverse-time characteristic)

10ms 0ms

Timer [delay pickup (10ms), delay dropoff (0ms), non-settable]

[XXX] 0ms

Timer (delay pickup, settable)

0ms [XXX]

Timer (delay dropoff, settable)

[XXX] [XXX]

Timer (delay pickup, delay dropoff, settable)

IDMT

Timer (inverse-time characteristic)

---xxx is the symbol

Symbol Corresponding Relationship

Basic Example

A, B, C L1, L2, L3 Ia, Ib, Ic, I0 IL1, IL2, IL3, IN

AN, BN, CN L1N, L2N, L3N Ua, Ub, Uc VL1, VL2, VL3

ABC L123 Uab, Ubc, Uca VL12, VL23, VL31

U (voltage) V U0, U1, U2 VN, V1, V2

1 Introduction

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay 1-a

Date: 2013-09-05

1 Introduction

Table of Contents

1 Introduction ...................................................................................... 1-a

1.1 Application ....................................................................................................... 1-1

1.2 Function ........................................................................................................... 1-3

1.3 Features ........................................................................................................... 1-6

List of Figures

Figure 1.1-1 Typical application of PCS-902 ............................................................................ 1-1

Figure 1.1-2 Functional diagram of PCS-902 ........................................................................... 1-2

1 Introduction

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay 1-b Date: 2013-09-05

1 Introduction

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay 1-1

Date: 2013-09-05

1.1 Application

PCS-902 is a digital line distance protection with the main and back-up protection functions, which

is designed for overhead line or cables and hybrid transmission lines of various voltage levels.

Optical fibre channel or PLC channel

Communication channel via direct dedicated fibre, MUX or PLC

52

PCS-902PCS-902

52

Figure 1.1-1 Typical application of PCS-902

Main protection of PCS-902 comprises of pilot distance protection (PUTT, POTT, blocking and

unblocking) and pilot directional earth-fault protection (selectable for independent communication

channel or sharing channel with POTT), which can clear any internal fault instantaneously for the

whole line with the aid of protection signal. DPFC distance protection can perform extremely high

speed operation for close-up faults. There is direct transfer trip (DTT) feature incorporated in the

relay.

PCS-902 also includes distance protection (3 forward zones and 1 reverse zone distance

protection with selectable mho or quadrilateral characteristic), 4 stages directional earth fault

protection, 4 stages directional phase overcurrent protection, 2 stages voltage protection

(under/over voltage protection), 4 stages frequency protection (under/over frequency protection),

broken conductor protection, pole discrepancy protection, breaker failure protection, thermal

overload protection, and dead zone protection etc. Morever, a backup overcurrent and earth fault

protection will be automatically enabled when VT circuit fails. In addition, stub overcurrent

protection is provided for one and a half breakers arrangement when transmission line is put into

maintenance.

PCS-902 has selectable mode of single-phase tripping or three-phase tripping and configurable

auto-reclosing mode for 1-pole, 3-poles and 1/3-pole operation.

PCS-902 with appropriate selection of integrated protection functions can be applied for various

voltage levels and primary equipment such as cables, overhead lines, interconnectors and

transformer feeder, etc. It also supports configurable binary inputs, binary outputs, LEDs and IEC

61850 protocol.

1 Introduction

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay 1-2 Date: 2013-09-05

BUS

LINE

25

FR

FL

52

85 21

Data Transmitt/Receive

27

59

50BF67P21D 67G

50STB (Only for one and a half breakers arrangement)

50G

51G

50P

51P

79SOTF

49 46BC

81

50GVT 50PVT 62PD

50DZ

Figure 1.1-2 Functional diagram of PCS-902

No. Function ANSI

1 Pilot protection 85

2 DPFC distance protection 21D

3 Distance protection 21

4 Earth fault protection 67G

5 Definite-time earth-fault protection 50G

6 Inverse-time earth-fault protection 51G

8 Phase overcurrent protection 67P

9 Definite-time phase overcurrent protection 50P

10 Inverse-time phase overcurrent protection 51P

11 Overvoltage protection 59

12 Undervoltage protection 27

13 Frequency protection 81

14 Broken conductor protection 46BC

15 Breaker failure protection 50BF

16 Thermal overload protection 49

17 Stub overcurrent protection 50STB

18 Dead zone protection 50DZ

19 Pole discrepancy protection 62PD

20 Switch onto fault SOTF

21 Phase overcurrent protection when VT circuit failure 50PVT

22 Earth fault protection when VT circuit failure 50GVT

23 Synchronism check 25

24 Automatic reclosure 79

25 Fault recorder FR

1 Introduction


Date: 2013-09-05

26 Fault location FL

1.2 Function

1. Protection Function

Distance protection

Three zones forward phase-to-ground distance elements (mho or quadrilateral

characteristic)

One pilot zone phase-to-ground distance element (mho or quadrilateral characteristic)

with weakinfeed distance element

One zone reverse phase-to-ground distance element (mho or quadrilateral characteristic)

Three zones forward phase-to-phase distance elements (mho or quadrilateral

characteristic)

One pilot zone phase-to-phase distance element (mho or quadrilateral characteristic)

with weakinfeed distance element

One zone reverse phase-to-phase distance element (mho or quadrilateral characteristic)

Load encroachment for mho and quadrilateral characteristic distance element

Power swing blocking releasing, selectable for each of above mentioned zones

Deviation of Power Frequency Component (DPFC) distance protection

Current protection

Four stages phase overcurrent protection, selectable time characteristic (definite-time or

inverse-time) and directionality (forward direction, reverse direction or non-directional)

Four stages directional earth fault protection, selectable time characteristic (definite-time

or inverse-time) and directionality (forward direction, reverse direction or non-directional)

Breaker failure protection

Optional instantaneously re-tripping

One stage with two delay timers

Thermal overload protection

Stub overcurrent protection

Dead zone protection

Pole discrepancy protection

Broken conductor protection

Switch onto fault (SOTF)

1 Introduction


Via distance measurement elements

Via dedicated earth fault element

Backup protection when VT circuit failure

Phase overcurrent protection when VT circuit failure

Earth fault protection when VT circuit failure

Voltage protection

Two stages overvoltage protection

Two stages undervoltage protection

Frequency protection

Four stages overfrequency protection

Four stages underfrequency protection

f/dt block criterion for underfrequency protection

Control function

Synchro-checking

Automatic reclosure (single shot or multi-shot (max. 4) for 1-pole AR and 3-pole AR)

Pilot scheme logic

Phase-segregated communication logic of distance protection

Weak infeed logic of pilot distance protection

Weak infeed logic of pilot directional earth fault protection

Communication scheme of optical pilot channel (Optional)

Direct optical link

Connection to a communication network, support G.703 and C37.94 protocol

Dual-channels redundancy

2. Measurement and control function

Remote control (open and closing)

Synchronism check for remote and manual closing (only for one circuit breaker)

Energy metering (active and reactive energy are calculated in import respectively export

direction)

3. Logic

User programmable logic

1 Introduction


Date: 2013-09-05

4. Additional function

Fault location

Fault phase selection

Parallel line compensation for fault location

VT circuit supervision

CT circuit supervision

Self diagnostic

DC power supply supervision

Event Recorder including 1024 disturbance records, 1024 binary events, 1024 supervision

events, 256 control logs and 1024 device logs.

Disturbance recorder including 32 disturbance records with waveforms (The file format of

disturbance recorder is compatible with international COMTRADE file.)

Four kinds of clock synchronization methods

Conventional

PPS (RS-485): Pulse per second (PPS) via RS-485 differential level

IRIG-B (RS-485): IRIG-B via RS-485 differential level

PPM (DIN): Pulse per minute (PPM) via the optical coupler

PPS (DIN): Pulse per second (PPS) via the optical coupler

SAS

SNTP (PTP): Unicast (point-to-point) SNTP mode via Ethernet network

SNTP (BC): Broadcast SNTP mode via Ethernet network

Message (IEC103): Clock messages through IEC103 protocol

Advanced

IEEE1588: Clock message via IEEE1588

IRIG-B (Fiber): IRIG-B via optical-fibre interface

PPS (Fiber) PPS: Pulse per second (PPS) via optical-fibre interface

NoTimeSync

5. Monitoring

Number of circuit breaker operation (single-phase tripping, three-phase tripping and

reclosing)

Channel status

1 Introduction


Frequency

6. Communication

Optional 2 RS-485 communication rear ports conform to IEC 60870-5-103 protocol

1 RS-485 communication rear ports for clock synchronization

Optional 2 or 4 Ethernet ports (depend on the chosen type of MON plug-in module) conform

to IEC 61850 protocol, DNP3.0 protocol or IEC 60870-5-103 protocol over TCP/IP

Optional 2 Ethernet ports via optic fiber (ST interface) conform to IEC 61850 protocol, DNP3.0

protocol or IEC 60870-5-103 protocol over TCP/IP

GOOSE and SV communication function (optional NET-DSP plug-in module)

7. User Interface

Friendly HMI interface with LCD and 9-button keypad on the front panel.

1 front multiplex RJ45 port for testing and setting

1 RS-232 or RS-485 rear ports for printer

Language switchoverEnglish+ selected language

Auxiliary softwarePCS-Explorer

1.3 Features

The intelligent device integrated with protection, control and monitor provides powerful

protection function, flexible protection configuration, user programmable logic and

configurable binary input and binary output, which can meet with various application

requirements.

High-performance hardware platform and modularized design, MCU (management control

unit)DSP (digital signal processor). MCU manages general fault detector element and DSP

manages protection and metering. Their data acquisition system is completely independent in

electronic circuit. DC power supply of output relay is controlled by the operation of fault

detector element operates, this prevents maloperation due to error from ADC or damage of

any apparatus.

Fast fault clearance for faults within the protected line, the operating time is less than 10 ms

for close-up faults, less than 15ms for faults in the middle portion of protected line and less

than 25ms for remote end faults.

The unique DPFC distance element integrated in the protective device provides extremely

high speed operation and insensitive to power swing.

Self-adaptive floating threshold which only reflects deviation of power frequency component

improves the protection sensitivity and stability under the condition of load fluctuation and

system disturbance.

1 Introduction


Date: 2013-09-05

Advanced and reliable power swing blocking releasing feature which ensure distance

protection operate correctly for internal fault during power swing and prevent distance

protection from maloperation during power swing

Flexible automatic reclosure supports various initiation modes and check modes

Multiple setting groups with password protection and setting value saved permanently before

modification

Powerful PC tool software can fulfill protection function configuration, modify setting and

waveform analysis.

1 Introduction


2 Technical Data


Date: 2013-09-05

2 Technical Data

Table of Contents

2 Technical Data .................................................................................. 2-a

2.1 Electrical Specifications ................................................................................. 2-1

2.1.1 AC Current Input ................................................................................................................ 2-1

2.1.2 AC Voltage Input ................................................................................................................ 2-1

2.1.3 Power Supply ..................................................................................................................... 2-1

2.1.4 Binary Input ........................................................................................................................ 2-1

2.1.5 Binary Output ..................................................................................................................... 2-2

2.2 Mechanical Specifications ............................................................................. 2-3

2.3 Ambient Temperature and Humidity Range .................................................. 2-3

2.4 Communication Port ....................................................................................... 2-3

2.4.1 EIA-485 Port ...................................................................................................................... 2-3

2.4.2 Ethernet Port ...................................................................................................................... 2-3

2.4.3 Optical Fibre Port ............................................................................................................... 2-4

2.4.4 Print Port ............................................................................................................................ 2-5

2.4.5 Clock Synchronization Port ................................................................................................ 2-5

2.5 Type Tests ........................................................................................................ 2-5

2.5.1 Environmental Tests ........................................................................................................... 2-5

2.5.2 Mechanical Tests................................................................................................................ 2-5

2.5.3 Electrical Tests ................................................................................................................... 2-5

2.5.4 Electromagnetic Compatibility ............................................................................................ 2-5

2.6 Certifications ................................................................................................... 2-6

2.7 Terminals ......................................................................................................... 2-7

2.8 Measurement Scope and Accuracy ............................................................... 2-7

2.9 Management Function .................................................................................... 2-7

2.9.1 Control Performance .......................................................................................................... 2-7

2 Technical Data

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay 2-b

Date: 2013-09-05

2.9.2 Clock Performance ............................................................................................................ 2-7

2.9.3 Fault and Disturbance Recording ....................................................................................... 2-8

2.9.4 Binary Input Signal ............................................................................................................. 2-8

2.10 Protective Functions ..................................................................................... 2-8

2.10.1 Fault Detector .................................................................................................................. 2-8

2.10.2 Distance Protection .......................................................................................................... 2-8

2.10.3 Phase Overcurrent Protection .......................................................................................... 2-8

2.10.4 Earth Fault Protection ...................................................................................................... 2-8

2.10.5 Overvoltage Protection..................................................................................................... 2-9

2.10.6 Undervoltage Protection ................................................................................................... 2-9

2.10.7 Overfrequency Protection ................................................................................................ 2-9

2.10.8 Underfrequency Protection .............................................................................................. 2-9

2.10.9 Breaker Failure Protection ............................................................................................... 2-9

2.10.10 Thermal Overload Protection ....................................................................................... 2-10

2.10.11 Stub Overcurrent Protection ......................................................................................... 2-10

2.10.12 Dead Zone Protection .................................................................................................. 2-10

2.10.13 Pole Discrepancy Protection ........................................................................................ 2-10

2.10.14 Broken Conductor Protection ....................................................................................... 2-10

2.10.15 Auto-reclosing .............................................................................................................. 2-11

2.10.16 Transient Overreach .................................................................................................... 2-11

2.10.17 Fault Locator ................................................................................................................ 2-11

2 Technical Data


Date: 2013-09-05

2.1 Electrical Specifications

2.1.1 AC Current Input

Phase rotation ABC

Nominal frequency (fn) 50Hz, 60Hz

Rated current (In) 1A 5A

Linear to 0.05In~40In (It should measure current without beyond full scale

against 20 times of related current and value of DC offset by 100%.)

Thermal withstand

-continuously

-for 10s

-for 1s

-for half a cycle

4In

30In

100In

250In

Burden < 0.15VA/phase @In < 0.25VA/phase @In

Number Up to 7 current input according to various applications

2.1.2 AC Voltage Input

Phase rotation ABC

Nominal frequency (fn) 50Hz, 60Hz

Rated voltage (Un) 100V~130V

Linear to 1V~170V

Thermal withstand

-continuously

-10s

-1s

200V

260V

300V

Burden at rated < 0.20VA/phase @Un

Number Up to 6 voltage input according to various applications

2.1.3 Power Supply

Standard IEC 60255-11:2008

Rated voltage 110Vdc/125Vdc/220Vdc/250Vdc

Permissible voltage range 88~300Vdc

Permissible AC ripple voltage 15% of the nominal auxiliary voltage

Burden

Quiescent condition

Operating condition

2 Technical Data


Date: 2013-09-05

Maximum permissible voltage 100Vdc

Withstand voltage 2000Vac, 2800Vdc (continuously )

Response time for logic input 1ms

Number Up to 36 binary input according to various hardware configurations

Rated voltage 110Vdc 125Vdc 220Vdc 250Vdc

Rated current drain 1.1mA 1.25mA 2.2mA 2.5mA

Pickup voltage 77-132Vdc 87.5-150Vdc 154-264Vdc 175-300Vdc

Dropoff voltage

2 Technical Data


Date: 2013-09-05

Dropoff time

2 Technical Data


Date: 2013-09-05

Transmission rate 100Mbits/s

Transmission standard 100Base-TX 100Base-FX

Transmission distance

2 Technical Data


Date: 2013-09-05

Minimum receiving power Min. -25.0dBm

Margin Min +3.0dB

2.4.4 Print Port

Type RS-232

Baud Rate 4.8kbit/s, 9.6kbit/s, 19.2kbit/s, 38.4kbit/s, 57.6kbit/s, 115.2kbit/s

Printer type EPSON 300K printer

Safety level Isolation to ELV level

2.4.5 Clock Synchronization Port

Type RS-485

Transmission distance 100M@500VDC

2.5.4 Electromagnetic Compatibility

1MHz burst disturbance test

IEC 60255-22-1:2007

Common mode: class 2.5kV

Differential mode: class 1.0kV

Electrostatic discharge test

IEC60255-22-2:2008 class

For contact discharge: 8kV

For air discharge: 15kV

2 Technical Data


Date: 2013-09-05

Radio frequency interference tests

IEC 60255-22-3:2007 class

Frequency sweep

Radiated amplitude-modulated

10V/m (rms), f=80~1000MHz

Spot frequency

Radiated amplitude-modulated

10V/m (rms), f=80MHz/160MHz/450MHz/900MHz

Radiated pulse-modulated

10V/m (rms), f=900MHz

Fast transient disturbance tests

IEC 60255-22-4:2008

Power supply, I/O, Earth: class , 4kV, 2.5kHz, 5/50ns

Communication terminals: class , 2kV, 5kHz, 5/50ns

Surge immunity test

IEC 60255-22-5:2008

Power supply, AC input, I/O port: class , 1.2/50us

Common mode: 4kV

Differential mode: 2kV

Conducted RF Electromagnetic

Disturbance

IEC 60255-22-6:2001

Power supply, AC, I/O, Comm. Terminal: Class , 10Vrms, 150

kHz~80MHz

Power Frequency Magnetic Field

Immunity

IEC 61000-4-8:2001

class , 100A/m for 1min, 1000A/m for 3s

Pulse Magnetic Field Immunity IEC 61000-4-9:2001

class , 6.4/16s, 1000A/m for 3s

Damped oscillatory magnetic field

immunity

IEC 61000-4-10:2001

class , 100kHz & 1MHz100A/m

Auxiliary power supply performance

- Voltage dips

-Voltage short interruptions

IEC60255-11: 2008

Up to 200ms for dips to 40% of rated voltage without reset

100ms for interruption without rebooting

2.6 Certifications

ISO9001:2008

ISO14001:2004

OHSAS18001:2007

ISO10012:2003

CMMI L4

EMC: 2004/108/EC, EN50263:1999

Products safety(PS): 2006/95/EC, EN61010-1:2001

2 Technical Data


Date: 2013-09-05

2.7 Terminals

Connection Type Wire Size

AC current

Crimp terminals, 1.5mm2~4.0mm

2 lead

If using 4.0mm2 lead, only dedicated terminal cable lug provided by NR

can be adopted.

AC voltage Crimp terminals, 1.0mm2~2.5mm

2 lead

Power supply Crimp terminals, 1.0mm2~2.5mm

2 lead

Contact I/O Crimp terminals, 1.0mm2~2.5mm

2 lead

Grounding (Earthing) Connection BVR type, 2.5mm~6.0mm2

lead

2.8 Measurement Scope and Accuracy

Item Range Accuracy

Phase range 0 ~ 360 3

Frequency fn3 Hz 0.02Hz

Currents from protection measurement current transformers

Current 0.05~5.00In 2.0% of rating (0.05~1.00In)

2.0% of applied quantities (1.00~5.00In)

Voltage 0.05~1.50Un 1.0% of rating (0.05~1.00Un)

1.0% of applied quantities (1.00~1.50Un)

Active power (W) 0.05~1.50Un

0.05~5.00In

3.0% of rating (0.05~1.00In, 0.05~1.00Un)

3.0% of applied quantities (1.00~5.00In, 1.00~1.50Un)

Reactive power (VAr) 0.05~1.50Un

0.05~5.00In

3.0% of rating (0.05~1.00In, 0.05~1.00Un)


Apparent power (VA) 0.05~1.50Un

0.05~5.00In

3.0% of rating (0.05~1.00In, 0.05~1.00Un)


Energy (Wh) 0.05~1.50Un

0.05~5.00In

3.0% of rating (0.05~1.00In, 0.05~1.00Un)


Energy (VAh) 0.05~1.50Un

0.05~5.00In

3.0% of rating (0.05~1.00In, 0.05~1.00Un)


2.9 Management Function

2.9.1 Control Performance

Control mode Local or remote

Accuracy of local control 1s

Accuracy of remote control 3s

2.9.2 Clock Performance

Real time clock accuracy 3s/day

Accuracy of GPS synchronization 1ms

External time synchronization IRIG-B (200-98), PPS, IEEE1588 or SNTP protocol

2 Technical Data


Date: 2013-09-05

2.9.3 Fault and Disturbance Recording

Maximum duration 10000 sampled points (24 sampled points per cycle)

Recording position 10 cycles before pickup of trigger element

2.9.4 Binary Input Signal

Resolution of binary input signal 1ms

Binary input mode Potential-free contact

Resolution of SOE 2ms

2.10 Protective Functions

2.10.1 Fault Detector

2.10.1.1 DPFC Current Element

Setting range 0.050In~30.000In (A)

Accuracy 2.5% of setting or 0.02In whichever is greater

2.10.1.2 Residual Current Element



2.10.1.3 Overvoltage Element

Setting range Un~2Unn (V)

Accuracy 2.5% of setting or 0.01Un, whichever is greater

2.10.2 Distance Protection

Setting range (0.000~4Unn)/In (ohm)

Accuracy 2.5% of setting or 0.1/In whichever is greater

Resetting ratio 105%

Time delay 0.000~10.000 (s)

Accuracy 1%Setting+30ms

2.10.3 Phase Overcurrent Protection



Resetting ratio 95%

Time delay 0.000~20.000 (s)

Accuracy (definite-time characteristic) 1% of Setting+30ms (at 2 times current setting)

Accuracy (inverse-time characteristic) 2.5% operating time or 30ms, whichever is greater

(for current between 1.2 and 20 multiples of pickup)

2.10.4 Earth Fault Protection


2 Technical Data


Date: 2013-09-05


Resetting ratio 95%

Time delay 0.000~20.000 (s)

Accuracy (definite-time characteristic) 1% of Setting+30ms (at 2 times current setting)


(for current between 1.2 and 20 multiples of pickup)

2.10.5 Overvoltage Protection

Setting range Un~2Unn (V)


Resetting ratio 95%

Time delay 0.000~30.000 (s)

Accuracy (definite-time characteristic) 1% of Setting+30ms (at 1.2 times voltage setting)


(for voltage between 1.2 and 2 multiples of pickup)

2.10.6 Undervoltage Protection

Setting range 0~Unn (V)



Time delay 0.000~30.000 (s)

Accuracy (definite-time characteristic) 1%Setting+30ms (at 1.2 times voltage setting)


(for voltage between 0.5 and 0.8 multiples of pickup)

2.10.7 Overfrequency Protection

Setting range 50.00~65.00 (Hz)

Accuracy 0.02Hz

Resetting ratio 95%

Time delay 0.000~100.000 (s)

Accuracy 1%Setting+30ms (at 1.2 times frequency setting)

2.10.8 Underfrequency Protection

Setting range 45.00~ 60.00 (Hz)

Accuracy 0.02Hz


Time delay 0.000s ~ 100.000 (s)

Accuracy 1%Setting+30ms (at 0.8 times frequency setting)

df/dt blocking setting range 0.200~20.000 (Hz/s)

Accuracy 0.02Hz/s

2.10.9 Breaker Failure Protection

Pick-up time

2 Technical Data


Date: 2013-09-05

Drop-off time

2 Technical Data


Date: 2013-09-05

Resetting ratio 95%

Time delay 0.000~600.000 (s)

Accuracy 1% of Setting+30ms

2.10.15 Auto-reclosing

Phase difference setting range 0~89 (Deg)

Accuracy 2.0Deg

Voltage difference setting range 0.02Un~0.8Un (V)

Accuracy Max(0.01Un, 2.5%)

Frequency difference setting range 0.02~1 (Hz)

Accuracy 0.01Hz

Operating time of synchronism check 1%Setting+20ms

Operating time of energizing check 1%Setting+20ms

Operating time of auto-reclosing 1%Setting+20ms

2.10.16 Transient Overreach

Tolerance for all high-speed protection 2%

2.10.17 Fault Locator

Accuracy for multi-phase faults with single end feed < 2.5%

Tolerance will be higher in case of single-phase fault with high ground resistance.

2 Technical Data


Date: 2013-09-05

3 Operation Theory


Date: 2013-12-25

3 Operation Theory

Table of Contents

3 Operation Theory ............................................................................. 3-a

3.1 System Parameters ......................................................................................... 3-1

3.1.1 General Application ............................................................................................................ 3-1

3.1.2 Function Description .......................................................................................................... 3-1

3.1.3 Settings .............................................................................................................................. 3-1

3.2 Line Parameters .............................................................................................. 3-1



3.2.3 Settings .............................................................................................................................. 3-2

3.3 Circuit Breaker Position Supervision ............................................................ 3-2



3.3.3 Function Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 3-3

3.3.4 I/O Signals ......................................................................................................................... 3-4

3.3.5 Logic .................................................................................................................................. 3-4

3.3.6 Settings .............................................................................................................................. 3-5

3.4 Fault Detector (FD) .......................................................................................... 3-5

3.4.1 Application.......................................................................................................................... 3-5

3.4.2 Fault Detector in Fault Detector DSP ................................................................................. 3-5

3.4.3 Protection Fault Detector in Protection Calculation DSP ................................................... 3-8

3.4.4 Function Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 3-9

3.4.5 I/O Signals ......................................................................................................................... 3-9

3.4.6 Logic .................................................................................................................................. 3-9

3.4.7 Settings ............................................................................................................................ 3-10

3.5 Auxiliary Element .......................................................................................... 3-10

3 Operation Theory

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay 3-b

Date: 2013-12-25

3.5.1 General Application .......................................................................................................... 3-10

3.5.2 Function Description ........................................................................................................ 3-10

3.5.3 Function Block Diagram ................................................................................................... 3-13

3.5.4 I/O Signals ....................................................................................................................... 3-14

3.5.5 Logic ................................................................................................................................ 3-16

3.5.6 Settings ............................................................................................................................ 3-19

3.6 Distance Protection ...................................................................................... 3-21



3.6.3 DPFC Distance Protection ............................................................................................... 3-29

3.6.4 Load Encroachment ......................................................................................................... 3-33

3.6.5 Mho Distance Protection .................................................................................................. 3-35

3.6.6 Quadrilateral Distance Protection .................................................................................... 3-50

3.6.7 Pilot Distance Zone .......................................................................................................... 3-60

3.6.8 Power Swing Detection .................................................................................................... 3-63

3.6.9 Power Swing Blocking Releasing ..................................................................................... 3-64

3.6.10 Distance SOTF Protection ............................................................................................. 3-70

3.7 Optical Pilot Channel (Option) ..................................................................... 3-75




3.7.4 I/O Signals ....................................................................................................................... 3-80

3.7.5 Logic ................................................................................................................................ 3-82

3.7.6 Settings ............................................................................................................................ 3-82

3.8 Pilot Distance Protection .............................................................................. 3-82




3.8.4 I/O Signals ....................................................................................................................... 3-93

3.8.5 Settings ............................................................................................................................ 3-94

3 Operation Theory

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay 3-c

Date: 2013-12-25

3.9 Pilot Directional Earth-fault Protection ....................................................... 3-95



3.9.3 Function Block Diagram ................................................................................................. 3-101

3.9.4 I/O Signals ..................................................................................................................... 3-101

3.9.5 Settings .......................................................................................................................... 3-102

3.10 Current Direction....................................................................................... 3-103

3.10.1 General Application ...................................................................................................... 3-103

3.10.2 Function Description .................................................................................................... 3-103

3.10.3 Function Block Diagram ............................................................................................... 3-108

3.10.4 I/O Signals ................................................................................................................... 3-108

3.10.5 Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-109

3.11 Phase Overcurrent Protection ................................................................. 3-109


3.11.2 Function Description..................................................................................................... 3-109


3.11.4 I/O Signals .................................................................................................................... 3-112

3.11.5 Logic............................................................................................................................. 3-113

3.11.6 Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-113

3.12 Earth Fault Protection ................................................................................ 3-117




3.12.4 I/O Signals ................................................................................................................... 3-120

3.12.5 Logic ............................................................................................................................ 3-120

3.12.6 Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-121

3.13 Overcurrent Protection for VT Circuit Failure ........................................ 3-125



3.13.3 I/O Signals ................................................................................................................... 3-126

3 Operation Theory

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay 3-d

Date: 2013-12-25

3.13.4 Logic ............................................................................................................................ 3-127

3.13.5 Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-127

3.14 Residual Current SOTF Protection .......................................................... 3-128




3.14.4 I/O Signals ................................................................................................................... 3-128

3.14.5 Logic ............................................................................................................................ 3-129

3.14.6 Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-129

3.15 Voltage Protection ..................................................................................... 3-129

3.15.1 Overvoltage Protection................................................................................................. 3-130

3.15.2 Undervoltage Protection ............................................................................................... 3-136

3.16 Frequency Protection ............................................................................... 3-142

3.16.1 Overfrequency Protection ............................................................................................ 3-142

3.16.2 Underfrequency Protection .......................................................................................... 3-146

3.17 Breaker Failure Protection ....................................................................... 3-151




3.17.4 I/O Signals ................................................................................................................... 3-153

3.17.5 Logic ............................................................................................................................ 3-154

3.17.6 Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-155

3.18 Thermal Overload Protection ................................................................... 3-155




3.18.4 I/O Signals ................................................................................................................... 3-157

3.18.5 Logic ............................................................................................................................ 3-158

3.18.6 Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-159

3.19 Stub Overcurrent Protection .................................................................... 3-159

3 Operation Theory

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay 3-e

Date: 2013-12-25



3.19.3 I/O Signals ................................................................................................................... 3-160

3.19.4 Logic ............................................................................................................................ 3-161

3.19.5 Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-161

3.20 Dead Zone Protection ............................................................................... 3-162




3.20.4 I/O Signal ..................................................................................................................... 3-162

3.20.5 Logic ............................................................................................................................ 3-163

3.20.6 Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-163

3.21 Pole Discrepancy Protection .................................................................... 3-163




3.21.4 I/O Signals ................................................................................................................... 3-164

3.21.5 Logic ............................................................................................................................ 3-164

3.21.6 Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-165

3.22 Broken Conductor Protection .................................................................. 3-165




3.22.4 I/O Signals ................................................................................................................... 3-166

3.22.5 Logic ............................................................................................................................ 3-167

3.22.6 Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-167

3.23 Synchrocheck ........................................................................................... 3-168




3 Operation Theory

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay 3-f

Date: 2013-12-25

3.23.4 I/O Signals ................................................................................................................... 3-171

3.23.5 Logic ............................................................................................................................ 3-172

3.23.6 Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-174

3.24 Automatic Reclosure ................................................................................ 3-175




3.24.4 I/O Signals ................................................................................................................... 3-177

3.24.5 Logic ............................................................................................................................ 3-179

3.24.6 Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-191

3.25 Transfer Trip .............................................................................................. 3-193




3.25.4 I/O Signals ................................................................................................................... 3-193

3.25.5 Logic ............................................................................................................................ 3-194

3.25.6 Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-194

3.26 Trip Logic ................................................................................................... 3-194




3.26.4 I/O Signals ................................................................................................................... 3-195

3.26.5 Logic ............................................................................................................................ 3-196

3.26.6 Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-200

3.27 VT Circuit Supervision .............................................................................. 3-200




3.27.4 I/O Signals ................................................................................................................... 3-201

3.27.5 Logic ............................................................................................................................ 3-202

3 Operation Theory

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay 3-g

Date: 2013-12-25

3.27.6 Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-203

3.28 CT Circuit Supervision ............................................................................. 3-203




3.28.4 I/O Signals ................................................................................................................... 3-204

3.28.5 Logic ............................................................................................................................ 3-204

3.29 Control and Synchrocheck for Manual Closing ..................................... 3-204




3.29.4 I/O Signals ................................................................................................................... 3-211

3.29.5 Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-213

3.30 Faulty Phase Selection ............................................................................. 3-214




3.30.4 I/O Signals ................................................................................................................... 3-216

3.31 Fault Location ........................................................................................... 3-217

3.31.1 Application .................................................................................................................... 3-217



3.31.4 I/O Signals ................................................................................................................... 3-220

List of Figures

Figure 3.3-1 Logic diagram of CB position supervision......................................................... 3-4

Figure 3.3-2 Logic diagram of trip&closing circuit supervision ............................................ 3-5

Figure 3.4-1 Flow chart of protection program ....................................................................... 3-8

Figure 3.4-2 Logic diagram of fault detector ........................................................................... 3-9

Figure 3.5-1 Logic diagram of auxiliary element ................................................................... 3-19

3 Operation Theory

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay 3-h

Date: 2013-12-25

Figure 3.6-1 Protected reach of distance protection for each zone .................................... 3-22

Figure 3.6-2 Operating time of single-phase fault (50Hz, SIR=1) ......................................... 3-23

Figure 3.6-3 Operating time of single-phase fault (60Hz, SIR=1) ......................................... 3-24

Figure 3.6-4 Operating time of two-phase fault (50Hz, SIR=1) ............................................. 3-24

Figure 3.6-5 Operating time of two-phase fault (60Hz, SIR=1) ............................................. 3-25

Figure 3.6-6 Operating time of three-phase fault (50Hz, SIR=1) .......................................... 3-25

Figure 3.6-7 Operating time of three-phase fault (60Hz, SIR=1) .......................................... 3-26

Figure 3.6-8 Operating time of single-phase fault (50Hz, SIR=30) ....................................... 3-26

Figure 3.6-9 Operating time of single-phase fault (60Hz, SIR=30) ....................................... 3-27

Figure 3.6-10 Operating time of two-phase fault (50Hz, SIR=30) ......................................... 3-27

Figure 3.6-11 Operating time of two-phase fault (60Hz, SIR=30) ......................................... 3-28

Figure 3.6-12 Operating time of three-phase fault (50Hz, SIR=30) ...................................... 3-28

Figure 3.6-13 Operating time of three-phase fault (60Hz, SIR=30) ...................................... 3-29

Figure 3.6-14 Operation characteristic for forward fault ...................................................... 3-30

Figure 3.6-15 Operation characteristic for reverse fault ...................................................... 3-31

Figure 3.6-16 Logic diagram of DPFC distance protection .................................................. 3-32

Figure 3.6-17 Distance element with load trapezoid ............................................................. 3-33

Figure 3.6-18 Phase-to-ground operation characteristic for forward fault ......................... 3-35

Figure 3.6-19 Phase-to-phase operation characteristic for forward fault ........................... 3-36

Figure 3.6-20 Operation characteristic for reverse fault ...................................................... 3-38

Figure 3.6-21 Steady-state characteristic of three-phase short-circuit fault ...................... 3-38

Figure 3.6-22 Operation characteristic of three-phase close up short-circuit fault ........... 3-39

Figure 3.6-23 Shift impedance characteristic of zone 1 and zone 2 .................................... 3-40

Figure 3.6-24 Operation characteristic of reverse Z4 distance protection ......................... 3-41

Figure 3.6-25 Logic diagram of enabling distance protection (Mho) .................................. 3-43

Figure 3.6-26 Logic diagram of distance protection (Mho zone 1) ...................................... 3-43




Figure 3.6-30 Quadrilateral forward distance element characteristics ............................... 3-50

3 Operation Theory

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay 3-i

Date: 2013-12-25

Figure 3.6-31 Quadrilateral reverse distance element characteristic .................................. 3-51

Figure 3.6-32 Logic diagram of enabling distance protection (Quad) ................................. 3-53

Figure 3.6-33 Logic diagram of distance protection (Quad zone 1) .................................... 3-53




Figure 3.6-37 Protected zone of pilot distance protection ................................................... 3-60

Figure 3.6-38 Pilot reverse weak infeed element .................................................................. 3-61

Figure 3.6-39 Logic diagram of pilot distance zone (Mho characteristic) ........................... 3-61

Figure 3.6-40 Logic diagram of pilot distance zone (Quad characteristic) ......................... 3-62

Figure 3.6-41 Logic diagram of power swing detection ....................................................... 3-64

Figure 3.6-42 Logic diagram of PSBR .................................................................................... 3-68

Figure 3.6-43 Logic diagram of enabling distance SOTF protection ................................... 3-71

Figure 3.6-44 Logic diagram of distance SOTF protection by manual closing signal ....... 3-71

Figure 3.6-45 Logic diagram of distance SOTF protection by 1-pole or 3-pole AR ........... 3-72

Figure 3.6-46 Logic diagram of distance SOTF protection by PD condition ...................... 3-73

Figure 3.7-1 Direct optical link up to 2km with 850nm ......................................................... 3-76

Figure 3.7-2 Direct optical link up to 40km with 1310nm or up to 100km with 1550nm .... 3-76

Figure 3.7-3 Connect to a communication network via communication convertor ........... 3-76

Figure 3.7-4 Connect to a communication network via MUX-64 .......................................... 3-77

Figure 3.7-5 Connect to a communication network via MUX-2M ......................................... 3-77

Figure 3.7-6 Schematic diagram of communication channel time ...................................... 3-79

Figure 3.7-7 Logic diagram of receiving signal n ................................................................. 3-82

Figure 3.8-1 Enabling/disabling logic of pilot distance protection ...................................... 3-83

Figure 3.8-2 Logic diagram of receiving signal ..................................................................... 3-83

Figure 3.8-3 Zone extension ................................................................................................... 3-84

Figure 3.8-4 Simple schematic of PUTT ................................................................................ 3-85

Figure 3.8-5 Logic diagram of pilot distance protection (PUTT) .......................................... 3-85

Figure 3.8-6 Simple schematic of POTT ................................................................................ 3-86

Figure 3.8-7 Logic diagram of pilot distance protection (POTT) ......................................... 3-86

3 Operation Theory

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay 3-j

Date: 2013-12-25

Figure 3.8-8 Simple schematic of system fault ..................................................................... 3-87

Figure 3.8-9 Simple schematic of blocking ........................................................................... 3-88

Figure 3.8-10 Logic diagram of pilot distance protection (Blocking) .................................. 3-88

Figure 3.8-11 Logic diagram of pilot distance protection (Unblocking) .............................. 3-89

Figure 3.8-12 Current reversal ................................................................................................ 3-89

Figure 3.8-13 Logic diagram of current reversal blocking ................................................... 3-90

Figure 3.8-14 Line fault description ....................................................................................... 3-91

Figure 3.8-15 Weak infeed logic during pickup ..................................................................... 3-91

Figure 3.8-16 Weak infeed logic without pickup ................................................................... 3-92

Figure 3.8-17 Simplified CB Echo logic for POTT ................................................................. 3-92

Figure 3.9-1 Enabling/disabling logic of pilot directional earth-fault protection ............... 3-96

Figure 3.9-2 Logic diagram of receiving signal ..................................................................... 3-96

Figure 3.9-3 Forward/reverse direction of zero-sequence power ........................................ 3-97

Figure 3.9-4 Simple schematic of DEF (permissive scheme) .............................................. 3-97

Figure 3.9-5 Logic diagram of DEF (permissive scheme) .................................................... 3-98

Figure 3.9-6 Simple schematic of blocking ........................................................................... 3-99

Figure 3.9-7 Logic diagram of DEF (Blocking scheme) ........................................................ 3-99

Figure 3.9-8 Logic diagram for unblocking ......................................................................... 3-100

Figure 3.10-1 Line fault description ..................................................................................... 3-103

Figure 3.10-2 Vector diagram of current and voltage ......................................................... 3-104

Figure 3.10-3 Vector diagram of zero-sequence power ...................................................... 3-106

Figure 3.11-1 Logic diagram of phase overcurrent protection .......................................... 3-113

Figure 3.12-1 Logic diagram of earth fault protection ........................................................ 3-120

Figure 3.13-1 Logic diagram of overcurrent protection for VT circuit failure ................... 3-127

Figure 3.14-1 Logic diagram of residual current SOTF protection .................................... 3-129

Figure 3.15-1 Logic diagram of stage x of overvoltage protection .................................... 3-134

Figure 3.15-2 Blocking logic of undervoltage protection ................................................... 3-140

Figure 3.15-3 Logic diagram of stage x of undervoltage protection ................................. 3-140

Figure 3.16-1 Logic diagram of overfrequency protection (stage 1) ................................. 3-143


3 Operation Theory

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay 3-k

Date: 2013-12-25



Figure 3.16-5 Logic diagram of overfrequency protection (start) ...................................... 3-145

Figure 3.16-6 Logic diagram of underfrequency protection (stag1) .................................. 3-148




Figure 3.16-10 Logic diagram of underfrequency protection (start) ................................. 3-150

Figure 3.17-1 Logic diagram of breaker failure protection ................................................. 3-154

Figure 3.18-1 Characteristic curve of the thermal overload model ................................... 3-157

Figure 3.18-2 Logic diagram of thermal overload protection (stage 1) ............................. 3-158

Figure 3.18-3 Logic diagram of thermal overload protection (stage 2) ............................. 3-158

Figure 3.19-1 3/2 breakers arrangement .............................................................................. 3-160

Figure 3.19-2 Logic diagram of stub overcurrent protection ............................................. 3-161

Figure 3.20-1 Dead zone protection ..................................................................................... 3-163

Figure 3.21-1 Logic diagram of pole discrepancy protection ............................................ 3-165

Figure 3.22-1 Logic diagram of broken conductor protection ........................................... 3-167

Figure 3.23-1 Relationship between reference voltage and synchronism voltage .......... 3-168

Figure 3.23-2 Line voltage circuit failure supervision logic ............................................... 3-170

Figure 3.23-3 Bus Voltage Circuit Failure Supervision logic ............................................. 3-170

Figure 3.23-4 Synchronism check ........................................................................................ 3-173

Figure 3.23-5 Dead charge check logic ............................................................................... 3-173

Figure 3.23-6 Synchrocheck logic ........................................................................................ 3-174

Figure 3.24-1 Logic diagram of AR block ............................................................................ 3-180

Figure 3.24-2 Logic diagram of AR ready ............................................................................ 3-181

Figure 3.24-3 Logic diagram of tripping condition output ................................................. 3-182

Figure 3.24-4 Single-phase tripping initiating AR ............................................................... 3-183

Figure 3.24-5 Three-phase tripping initiating AR ................................................................ 3-183

Figure 3.24-6 1-pole AR initiation ......................................................................................... 3-184

Figure 3.24-7 3-pole AR initiation ......................................................................................... 3-184

3 Operation Theory

PCS-902 Line Distance Relay 3-l

Date: 2013-12-25

Figure 3.24-8 One-shot AR .................................................................................................... 3-185

Figure 3.24-9 Extra time delay of AR .................................................................................... 3-185

Figure 3.24-10 Reclosing output logic ........................................

Documents

03- PCS902 Line Distance Relay