02 RN33004EN10GLA0 RAN Transmission

1 © Nokia Siemens Networks RN33004EN10GLA0

RAS SYSTEM

RAN Transmission


Objectives

After completing this learning element, the participant will be able to:• Explain the principles of RAN Transmission• Describe the ATM Cross Connect (AXC) architecture• Describe briefly the transport solution for NSN Flexi WCDMA BTS• List the virtual channels between RNC and WCDMA BTS• Explain the WCDMA BTS AAL2 multiplexing RAN architecture


MTP3SL

RAN Transmission Principles

SDH/PDH ATM

IP

IP

ATM

OSS

Ethernet

OAM/SIGTRAN/User Plane

MTP3SL/ User Plane

OAM

CoCo

WBTS

RNC

3G SGSN

MSS

WBTS

2G SGSN

OAM/SIGTRAN/User Plane

GGSN

BTS

MGW

BSC


ATM over E1

Header Payload

ATM cell

0 1 2 16 1817 3115

TS1-15TS16

TS17-31

. . . . . . 0 1 2 16 1817 3115

TS0TS1-15

TS16TS17-31

. . . . . .E1 frameE1 frame

TS0

E1 (2,048 Mbps) -> 4528 cells per second.

When transmitting ATM cells over a digital interface like E1, we map the cells into the physical layer frame. ITU-T Recommendation G.804 and ATM Forum specification af-phy-0064.000 define the ATM direct mapping (ADM) process. ADM uses the header error check (HEC) field in the cell header to identify the first bit of a cell in an E1 frame. A receiving E1 IMA interface examines the incoming bit stream and checks if a set of eight bits comprises a valid CRC for the preceding 32 bits.

The alternative to ADM is the physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP). PLCP uses special overhead bytes to delineate the start and end of the ATM cells inside the E1 frame and thus reduces the effective payload rate. Since PLCP adds overhead, ADM replaces PLCP.


ATM over STM-1

STM-1 (155,52 Mbps) can fit 44.15 cells per frame -> 353 207 cells per second.

VC-4

VP1

VP2

VP3

Section

Overhead ...

260 bytes

9 bytes

P

O

H

9 bytes1 byte

VC-4


RNC

WCDMA BTS site connectivity


Hybrid BTS Backhaul (1/2)

Eth

E1

• Hybrid BTS Backhaul allows for the backhauling of the BTS over packet-switched technologies, IP and Ethernet in particular.

• The HSPA traffic is offloaded onto the packet-switched network. Delay sensitive traffic is carried over TDM links.

BTS TDMTDM

PacketPacket

STM1

ATME1

ATMIP

Ethernet

ATMIP

Ethernet

STM1ATM

EthernetIP

ATMSTM1

Hybrid BTS Backhaul has introduced in RAS06

In the first case only HSPA traffic is offloaded to the packet-switched network; an existing path, based on ATM over TDM technologies, is used for all other traffic. HSPA traffic is less sensitive to delay and delay variation, and the QoS requirements to the packet-switched network can be relaxed accordingly.

Ethernet is introduced as a BTS backhaul technology:-Compared to traditional ATM over TDM technologies use of Ethernet can substantially reduce transport OPEX.-Ethernet backhaul is a cost effective way to provide the extra capacity required for HSDPA and HSUPA.


AXU IFU

IFU

IFU

IFU

IFU

Integrated and stand-alone AXC

AXC (ATM Cross Connect) is the Integrated ATM Transmission Node of the Nokia WCDMA base station and a Stand-alone ATM Transmission Network Element. The Integrated AXC for Supreme and S-AXC supports 5 IFUs. The S-AXC can be installed in a standard ETSI or 19-inch rack and co-located with the BTS

S-AXC is neededFor providing additional slots for interface units at WCDMA BTS sites. At some sites the available 1-5

slots for interface units in the BTS integrated AXC may not be sufficientAs a hub for grooming/concentrating WCDMA traffic at a site without a WCDMA BTS

Minimum AXC configurationOne ATM cross connect unit, AXUOne interface unit, IFU (any IFU possible)

Maximum configurationOne ATM cross connect unit, AXU.Five interface units, IFUs (any IFU and any combination of IFUs possible)

Any combination of interfaces and interface units is possible with a very few limitationsMaximum switching capacity = 1.2Gbit/sMaximum amount of physical STM-1 interfaces = 15Maximum amount of physical E1 interfaces = 40Between 1 and 8 E1 links per IMA group for E1 IFUBetween 1 and 8 E1 links per IMA group for Flexbus IFUBetween 1 and 32 VC-12 links per IMA group for IFUF


Power module

Microcontrollermodule

AAM-Module (AXUB, C2.0

LMPQ1

ERC2ERC1

Lever

Lever

LED

• Switching capacity: 1.2G.• Supported simultaneous

connections: 1000 (with any mix of VP and VC)

AXU - ATM cross connect unit

AXU PerformanceSwitching capacity: 1.2GSupported simultaneous connections: 1000 (with any mix of VP and VC)Supported ATM service categories: CBR, UBRSupported cross-connection: Semi-Permanent Virtual Path Connection, Semi-Permanent Virtual

Channel Connection


Q1

ERC

Ejector

EjectorLED

LMP

8 xE1/JT1/T1

Q1

ERC

Ejector

EjectorLED

LMP

8 x E1

AXC compact – AXCC/AXCD

Nokia AXC Compact contains AXU and IFU functionality in a single unit and provides eight symmetrical (AXCC) or coaxial (AXCD) connections

AXCC/D is non-expandable but is it possible to add IFUG unit(s)Supports BTS AAL2 Multiplexing and Inverse Multiplexing for ATM, but not fractional E1Local Management Port (LMP)10baseT crossed Ethernet interface, RJ- 45 connectorQ1 management portV.11 interface, D-sub 9 connectorExternal reference clock interface (ERC)

PerformanceSwitching capacity: 165 Mbit/sSupported simultaneous connections: 250 (with any mix of VP and VC)Supported ATM service categories: CBR, UBRSupported cross-connection: Semi-Permanent Virtual Path Connection, Semi-Permanent Virtual

Channel Connection


WCDMA BTS Transmission Overview

WBTS

AXC IFU slots available:Supreme 5Optima & Optima Compact 3MetroSite WCDMA 1 MetroSite 50 1Triple-mode UltraSite EDGE 1

AXU IFUEIFUFIFUC

IFUA/DIFUG

1.2 Gbit/s

Copper cable

Leased Lines orPDH / SDH equipment

GSM Base StationsNokia and other

8 x E1/JT1/T1interfaces

Nokia FlexiHoppermax. 16 x 2 Mbits/s

Nokia MetroHoppermax. 4 x 2 Mbits/s

Nokia GSM / EDGE Base Station

Flexbus cable

3 x Flexbusinterfaces

Optical Fibre

SDH equipment orATM Leased Lines

3 x STM-0/STM –1or

OC-1 /OC-3interfaces

1 x STM – 1 (VC12)63xE1

8 x RJ 45 Ethernet

IFUH

2 x Fast Ethernet1 x Gigabit Ethernet

Ethernet networkCAT-5 or optical

The Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTS supports the following transmission media.

Radio transmissionIFUE with Nokia Flexbus interface: 16 x 2 Mbit/s, three Flexbus connectors. The IFUE unit

can be connected to the Nokia FlexiHopper and MetroHopper Microwave Radios.

Wire line transmissionIFUA with E1/JT1/T1 with IMA interfaces: 8 x 2Mbit/s (E1) or 8 x 1.5Mbit/s (JT1/T1) PCM

connections, eight twisted pair 120/110Ω TX/RX interface connectors for either E1 or JT1 use. The unit can be configured either to E1 or JT1/T1 mode.

IFUD with E1 with IMA interfaces: 8 x 2Mbit/s (E1) PCM connections, 16 coax 75Ω TX/RX interface connectors.

IFUG with 8 x 10/100 MB Ethernet interfaces.

Fibre optic transmissionIFUC with 3 STM-1 interfaces: VC3/VC4 support for fibre optic cable, signal termination,

synchronisation and CPU circuitry for unit control. The unit has three STM connectors. The IFUC unit can be connected to a microwave radio.

IFUF with 1 STM-1 interface: VC3/VC4 support for fibre optic cable, signal termination, synchronisation and CPU circuitry for unit control. The unit has one STM connector.


IFUC and IFUF

IFUC3 x SDH optical interfacesMixed configuration supportedIntra-office/short-haulUsed connector: optical, LC type

Interfaces can be configured independently asSTM-1 (European standard, 155.52 Mbit/s)OC-3 (American Standard, 155.52 Mbit/s)

IFUF1 x SDH optical interface for structured STM-1 connectionsLC connectorUp to 63 VC-12 with IMA


WBTS

BTS Site

Flexbus(16 x 2M)

IFUE

IFUE

IFUE3 x Flexbus interfaces per PIUIMA supportIFUE capacity up to 16 x E1 (4 x 2M for MetroHopper)Connects WBTS to Nokia microwave radio or Nokia GSM BTS Allows combination of 2G (TDM) and 3G (ATM) traffic with a granularity of E1RNC site - Flexbus interface is implemented using stand-alone AXC or FIU19" equipmentA BTS connects directly to Nokia Flexi/Metro Hopper with the Flexbus feature2M cross-connection within one plug-in unitTNC-connector 50 Ω (female)


•Eight Ethernet interfaces.

•10baseT, RJ-45 connector.

•Can be used to connect external equipment on the AXC site to the common DCN.

IFUG

IFUGEight Ethernet interfaces10baseT, RJ-45 connectorCan be used to connect external equipment on the AXC site to the common DCN


IFUA and IFUD

IFUA8 x E1/T1/JT1 interfaces110 Ω / 120 Ω balanced TQ connectorsInverse Multiplexing for ATM (IMA) supportfractional Interface (E1/T1/JT1)

IFUD8 x E1 interfaces 75 Ω unbalanced BT 43 connectorsInverse Multiplexing for ATM (IMA) supportFractional interface (E1)

CES to map TDM traffic in ATM cellsComplete E1/T1/JT1 frame transported in ATM cells (unstructured)Fractional E1/T1/JT1, only TDM timeslots transported within ATM cells (structured)


IFUH

• 2 x 10/100 BaseT Fast Ethernet with RJ45 connectors

• 1 x Gigabit Ethernet with LC connector

• Provides ATM over Ethernet connection for Hybrid Backhaul solution


FTM - flexi transport module

• FTM is the integrated transmission equipment of the Flexi WCDMA BTS.• It is mechanically and electrically connected to the System Module of the Flexi WCDMA BTS.• FTM is a separate sales item. It meets the System Module for the first time on the site.


FTM versions

FTPB (RAS05.1)

FTEB (RAS05.1)

FTJA (RAS06)

FTOA (RAS05.1ED

FTIA (RAS05.1) FTFA (RAS05.1)

FTHA (RU10)FTIB (RU10)


2xMDR68 connectorsRU1016xE1/T1FTHA

Support Timing over PacketRU10

4xE1/T1/JT12xFast Ethernet,

1xGEFTIB

Optional Gigabit Ethernet interface

(SFP)SMB, RJ45, SFP (LC)

RAS064xE1 coaxial

2xFast Ethernet, 1xGE

FTJA

Optional Gigabit Ethernet interface

(SFP)RJ48C, RJ45, SFP (LC)

RAS05.1Ethernet supported in

RAS06

4xE1/T1/JT12xFast Ethernet,

1xGEFTIA

TNCRAS05.12xFlexbusFTFA1xSFP, LC equippedRAS05.1 ED1xSTM1/OC3FTOA

75 Ω, SMBRAS05.18xE1 coaxialFTEB

120/110/100 Ω, RJ48cRAS05.18xE1/T1/JT1FTPB

RemarksAvailabilityInterfacesModule name

Flexi Transport Sub-modules


TX direction cells distributed across links in round robin sequenceRX direction cells recombined into single ATM stream

• IMA allows the combining of several physical links (E1 or T1/JT1, max. 8) to one logical link

E1/JT1

E1/JT1

E1/JT1

AXCLink # 0

Link # 1

Link # 2

Original ATM cell stream to ATM layer

IMA virtual link

E1/JT1

E1/JT1

E1/JT1

NIP1IMA Group IMA Group

Single ATM cell stream from ATM layer

Inverse multiplexing for ATM

Inverse Multiplexing for ATM (IMA) is a method which provides a modular bandwidth for user access to ATM networks and for connection between ATM network elements, at rates between the traditional order multiplex level. An example is to achieve rates between the T1/E1 and T3/E3 levels in the asynchronous digital hierarchies. T3/E3 links are not necessarily readily available throughout a given network, and therefore the introduction of ATM Inverse Multiplexers provides an effective method of combining the transport bandwidths of multiple links (such as T1/E1 links) grouped to collectively provide higher intermediate rates.

The ATM Inverse Multiplexing technique involves inverse multiplexing and de-multiplexing of ATM cells in a cyclical fashion among links grouped to form a higher bandwidth logical link whose rate is approximately the sum of the link rates. This is referred to as an IMA group.

The picture above provides a simple illustration of the ATM Inverse Multiplexing technique in one direction. The same technique applies in the opposite direction.

IMA groups terminate at each end of the IMA virtual link. In the transmit direction, the ATM cell stream received from the ATM layer is distributed on a cell by cell basis, across the multiple links within the IMA group. At the far-end, the receiving IMA unit recombines the cells from each link, on a cell by cell basis, recreating the original ATM cell stream. The aggregate cell stream is then passed to the ATM layer.

The IMA interface periodically transmits special cells that contain information that permit reconstruction of the ATM cell stream at the receiving end of the IMA virtual link after accounting for the link differential delays, smoothing CDV introduced by the control cells, and so on. These cells, defined as IMA Control Protocol (ICP) cells, provide the definition of an IMA frame.


RNC

WAM

WBTS

WAM

WAM

ATM Connection TableHW VPI VCI

x x x

VCI

x

VPI

x

HW

x

CIF 1CIF 1CIF 1CIF 1CIF 1CIF 1CIF 1

0000000

30333435363738

IP Router AXC

NetAct

C-NBAPTCP/IP

D-NBAPUP

C-NBAPTCP/IP

UP

AAL2 sig

C-NBAPTCP/IP

D-NBAPUPUP

AAL2 sig

D-NBAPUPUP

AAL2 sig

AXU

33516171121122123

0111111

IFUCIFUCIFUCIFUCIFUCIFUCIFUC

ATM VPCs

To other BTSs ATM VCCs

UP

UP

UP

Connectionsbetween WAM and AXC areautomaticallyconfigured

WCDMA BTS - RNC connections

C-NBAPConnected to telecom master WAM. Uses AAL5 adaptation and QoS is CBR

D-NBAPConnected to each WAM. Uses AAL5 adaptation and QoS is CBR

AAL2SIGConnected to each WAM. Uses AAL5 adaptation and QoS is CBR

AAL2UP1-3 User Plane VCs per WAM. Uses AAL2 adaptation and QoS is CBR

O&M (DCN)Connected to SAR device in AXC. Uses AAL5 adaptation and QoS class is UBR


ATM

Shared PDH/SDH capacity(n x 2M & n x 64k Fractional E1)PDH/SDH

IubAbis

Shared ATM capacity(Unstructured & Structured Circuit Emulation Service)

Both optionssupported

GSMBTS

NokiaUltraSiteWDCMA

BTS

NokiaUltraSiteWDCMA

BTS

IubAbis

GSMBTS

Combining WCDMA and GSM traffic

TDMUsing external PDH and SDH equipment to add and drop different traffic interfaces (E1,STM-1,T1, etc.).

Nokia's MetroHub, DN2 or the GSM BTS DTRU/TRUA can perform these required cross-connections.ATM traffic starts always with TS1 to TSn and then TSn+1 for TDM. A 64 kbit/s cross-connect is necessary

for changing TS. Advantage: existing GSM traffic does not have to be disturbed.

ATMUsing Circuit Emulation Service to add GSM (TDM) traffic to WCDMA (ATM) traffic. Disadvantage: GSM

transmission has to be interrupted before connecting it to the WCDMA transmission.


The physical link can be fibre, microwave, leased service, etcBTS site: • WCDMA BTS connected to GSM Abis• WCDMA BTS supports ATM over Fractional Interface (E1/T1/JT1) BSC/RNC site:• TDM traffic (GSM + WCDMA) separated by TDM cross-connect Hub• Possible ungroomed fractional E1 traffic is terminated in a standalone AXC

GSMBTS

WCDMABTS

TDM link (PDH/SDH)BSC

RNC

Combined Abis and Iub

TDM cross-connect function (n x 64 kbits/s)

Fractional E1 (partly filled) (n x 64 kbits/s)

Fractional E1

Fractional E1Full E1 Full E1

HUB

TDM links with fractional PDH interface


COMMONTRANSPORTON MICROWAVE

FB from WCDMA BTS

n x E1 or FB for GSM BTSGSM BTS

TRX

TRX

TRX

TRX

TRX

TRX TRUA RRIC

WSP WSP WSP

WCDMA BTS AXC

...WAM

WSP WSP WSP...WAM

Stand-aloneAXC

RNC

SFUNIU

BSC

ET

IFU

Common ATM transport for GSM and UMTS traffic

Circuit Emulation Service (CES)Unstructured service is intended to emulate a point-to-point E1 circuitStructured service is intended to emulate a point-to-point Fractional E1 circuitFully synchronous service because of UMTS requirementsNo Statistical Multiplexing Gain because of its CBR natureUnstructured circuit emulation service might be used to perform E1 TDM cross connection within AXC,

e.g. from one E1 to Flexbus and vice versaThe link between GSM BTS and WCDMA BTS can be one or more E1/T1 connections. Any of them can be

fractional or full E1/T1 frames. Circuit Emulation is using AAL1 conversion and CBR QoS class.At the RNC site shall be a CES Inter working Function which can be implemented with a standalone AXC.


AAL2 VC configuration without AAL2 multiplexing (1/2)

In basic configuration without AAL2 Multiplexing 1 AAL2SIG and 1-2 AAL2UP per WAM is needed.


AAL2 VC configuration without AAL2 multiplexing (2/2)

AAL2 ATM VC towards RNC



ATM Cell ATM Cell

ATM Cell ATM Cell

ATM Cell ATM Cell

WA

M 6

WA

M 2

WA

M 4

CID 13CID 12

CID 12

CID 12 CID 13


BTS AAL2 multiplexing (1/2)

BTS AAL2 Multiplexing is an BTS feature that allows to concentrate the AAL2 Signalling VCs and AAL2 User Data VCs between BTS and AXC to one VC on the IUB Interface. This reduces the number of used AAL2-VCs between BTS and RNC, simplifies the network configuration and provides a gain in transmission capacity using the statistical multiplexing effect.

Depending on the traffic mix and other parameters, the expected Iub transmission capacity savings can be up to 30%.


ATM Cell ATM Cell


BTS AAL2 multiplexing (2/2)

CID 12 CID 20

ATM Cell ATM Cell

ATM Cell ATM Cell

ATM Cell ATM Cell

WA

M 6

WA

M 2

WA

M 4

CID 13CID 12

CID 20

CID 21 CID 22

AAL2Mux

BTS AAL2 MultiplexingBTS AAL2 Multiplexing multiplexes and concentrates individual AAL2 connections (CPS packets) in AAL2 ATM VCs coming from different WAMs of a single Base Station into a minimized number of AAL2 ATM VCs towards the RNC.


BTS AAL2 multiplexing - AXUB

AAM Module

AXUB

AXUA

connectors forAAM moduleBTS AAL2 Multiplexing is BTS AAL2 Multiplexing is

enabled by taking AXUB into enabled by taking AXUB into operation instead of AXUA.operation instead of AXUA.

AXUB consists of AXUA plus AXUB consists of AXUA plus a module called AAM (ATM a module called AAM (ATM

Adaptation Module): AXUB = Adaptation Module): AXUB = AXUA + AAMAXUA + AAM

AXUB can be operated as AXUB can be operated as AXUA by simply not taking AXUA by simply not taking

AAM into operation.AAM into operation.

In addition of HW difference, also SW works differently when AXUB is in use. Nokia provides an AXUA to AXUB upgrade service.


STM-1 MSP protection

• Compliant with standard SDH MSP (Multiplex Section Protection)• Against equipment failures (at the interface)• Against point-to-point link failures

Protecting link

Working link

SiteRNC

RNC Configuration:

Working STM-1 interface

Protecting STM-1 interface

Multiplex Section Protection (MSP)The link protection method implemented since AXC C2.0 is the bidirectional MSP1:1 scheme specified in ITU-T Recommendation G.841, chapter 7.1. Switching is non-revertive, that is, traffic is not switched back to the original working facility even if the failure is corrected.

Note that RNC does not support MSP1:1 as such. For compatibility with the bidirectional MSP1:1 implemented in AXC C2.0, RNC supports the bidirectional MSP1+1 scheme specified in the TTC Rec. JT-G783. This scheme is compatible with MSP1:N bidirectional switching, and thus also with the standard ITU-T compliant bidirectional MSP1:1 implemented in the AXC C2.0.

The difference between MSP1:N and MSP1+1The MSP1:N and MSP1+1 link protection methods are easily confused. In the case of MSP1:N, user traffic is switched to the protecting interface only after any of the N working links fail (in C2.0 only N=1 is possible). In MSP1+1, the user traffic is transmitted along two paths simultaneously. At the receiving end, a selector is used to select the traffic from either the working or the protecting section. (It is also possible to bridge any of the working sections to the protecting section in MSP1:N. The receiving end, however, disregards the SDH payload in the protecting section until a switch is requested by the transmitting end, that is, the switching is not automatic as in MSP1+1.)

RNC supports the non-revertive bidirectional MSP1+1 compatible with the bidirectional MSP1:N protocol (JT-G783, section A.3.4.1).


Full Native IP/Ethernet Connectivity Solution in RU10

• Provides 3GPP compliant IPv4 transport option for all RNC interfaces

• Allows to use IP and/or Ethernet connectivity from RNC towards to

– core networks (Iu-CS and Iu-PCS),

– other RNCs (Iur) and – base stations (Iub)

• New features available are:– Gigabit Ethernet Interfaces

(optical and electrical)– IP based Iu-PS, IP based Iu-CS– IP based Iur – IP based Iub

Iub/IP Iu-PS/IP

Iur/IPIu-CS/IP

3G BTS

3G BTS

RNC

RNC

MGW

SGSN


IP based Iu-CS

SDHATM

AAL5IP

SCTPM3UASCCP

RANAP Iu User PlaneIu-CS Control Plane

Ethernet

Iu-CS User Plane

Iu-CS/ATM Iu-CS/IP

IPSCTPM3UASCCP

RANAP

UDPRTP

Iu User PlaneIu-CS Control Plane Iu-CS User Plane

RTCP

AAL2

• 3GPP compliant IP transport option for Iu-CS • Requires Ethernet interface unit at RNC


IP based Iu-PS

• 3GPP compliant IP transport option for Iu-PS (packet switched) • Requires Ethernet interface unit at RNC

SDHATMAAL5

IPSCTPM3UASCCP

RANAP

UDPGTP-U

Iu User PlaneIu-PS Control Plane

Ethernet

Iu-PS User Plane

Iu-PS/ATM Iu-PS/IP

IPSCTPM3UASCCP

RANAP

UDPGTP-U

Iu User PlaneIu-PS Control Plane Iu-PS User Plane


IP based Iur

SDHATM

AAL5

SSCF-NNIMTP3-BSCCP

RNSAP FP LayerIur Control Plane

Ethernet

Iur User Plane

Iur/ATM Iur/IP

IPSCTPM3UASCCP

RNSAP

UDPRTP

FP LayerIur Control Plane Iur User Plane

RTCP

AAL2SSCOP

• 3GPP compliant IP transport option for Iur • Requires Ethernet interface unit at RNC


IP based Iub for Flexi WCDMA BTS/UltraSite WCDMA BTS

• Flexi WCDMA BTS, Ultrasite WCDMA BTS and RNC support 3GPP Rel-5/Rel- 6 compliant Iub/IP protocol stack via integrated Ethernet interfaces

• Based on IPv4• Reduced planning and configuration effort due to

complete absence of ATM layer• Reduced maintenance costs, e.g. BTS rehosting is

basically just a change of an IP address• Priority marking on IP (ToS/DSCP) and Ethernet (VLAN

priority bits) layerEthernet

Iub/IP

IPSCTP

NBAP

UDP

FP LayerIub Control Plane Iub User Plane

Packet Network

3G BTS RNC

EthernetEthernet


Dual Iub for Flexi WCDMA BTS

Operator benefits• significant cost savings in backhaul, like

with solution Hybrid Backhaul with Pseudo Wires

• no external pseudo wire gateway required at RNC site

• higher peak rates possible as with n*E1s• BTS synchronisation is done via E1/T1

interfaces

Dual Iub allows • offloading data traffic to alternative

Ethernet path using 3GPP Rel-5/Rel-6 compliant Iub/IP protocol stack

• any Ethernet physical layer (e.g. DSL, ng-SDH, adaptive modulation microwave..) may be used

• ATM/TDM for delay critical R’99 voice and data traffic as well as signaling traffic

Packet Network

ATM(TDM Network)

RNC3G BTS

STM-1/OC3E1/T1

Ethernet Ethernet


RNC Ethernet Physical Interface

New interface units for Iub, Iur and Iu: NP2GE– 2 Gigabit Ethernet ports

1000 Base-LX (optical) 1000 Base-TX (electrical)

– 1+1 interface protection between two units– max. 12 units in RNC

NP2GE


Basic Ethernet Switching

• Flexi WCDMA BTS provides Ethernet switching between 2 Ethernet ports in RAN74 IP based Iub mode

• Other base stations can be connected to the Flexi WCDMA BTS either from the same location or daisy chained form different locations

Flexi WCDMABTS

RNCBTS

Flexi WCDMABTS

BTS

Packet Network

Controller

BTS Chainingexample

BTS Collocationexample Shaping of the aggregated Ethernet traffic

will be available with the feature RAN1769 Ethernet Switching


Satellite links can be used for BTS backhaul for cases where conventional transport is not available or economical not feasible, like • for mobile BTSs, deployed for special/emergency situation in areas without any

transmission line/microwave access • on islands, on mountains, in jungle or any other remote areas.Iub is modified to cope with the characteristics of satellite links (increased delay, loss ratio etc.), leading to certain performance degradation.

Satellite Iub

NB

E1T1

RNCSTM1

modemsatellitestation modemsatellite

station

Please note:Satellite transmitters, modems, installation equipment etc. are

not part of this feature!


Timing over Packet

• Synchronization information, needed for running air interface with required frequency accuracy, can be provided to BTSs over high quality packet network (e.g. Metro Ethernet)

• Allows to keep costs low by obsolescing use of GPS or Hybrid Backhaul (simultaneous usage of TDM and packet backhaul) for synchronization

Solution includes:• Timing over Packet (ToP) Master Clock at RNC sending synchronization

information to BTSs. RNC site node can be used to connect ToP Master• Functionality in BTS (ToP Slave) for recovering clock signal from Timing over

Packet data

Packet NetworkRouter

RNC

1588master

IEEE1588v2 PTP (unicast)

3G BTS

EthernetEthernet

Documents

02 RN33004EN10GLA0 RAN Transmission