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Goes along with Chapter 15 Section 3
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RED SCARE, MCCARTHYISM, AND KOREA
Cold War in the U.S. and Korea
Agenda
Discuss Churchill and StalinCommunism simulationWhat was the Red Scare about? What
happened in America?Korean War though Documents
Churchill vs. Stalin
Take 5 minutes to look through the primary source readings to gather your thoughts.
Focus on:- What did Churchill say about the relationship between the U.S./Britain and the Soviets?
- How does Stalin respond to Churchill’s speech?
- What can we deduce from Stalin’s speech about the relationship between the countries?
Churchill vs. Stalin
Pair Up and ShareFocus on:
- What did Churchill say about the relationship between the U.S./Britain and the Soviets?
- How does Stalin respond to Churchill’s speech?
- What can we deduce from Stalin’s speech about the relationship between the countries?
Discuss as a class
Communist Activity
Look at your slip of paper – Dot or No Dot – keep it secret!! Keep the paper in your pocket.
If you do NOT have a dot on your paper….your goal is to put together the largest group of your classmates WITHOUT including anyone with a dot
If you DO have a dot, your goal is to be the only person in a group with a dot.
Do whatever you can to make up or break up groups. You have permission to lie for the next several minutes.
Communist Activity
What was your experience like?Explain the difficulties of the activity.How did you feel knowing you had NO dot?How did you feel knowing you had a dot?What were some concerns as you were
forming groups?What was your reaction when I said someone
had a dot? Did you believe me? Were you suspicious?
Why did we do this activity?
Review
Truman Doctrine
Marshall Plan
Containment
Fear of Communism
Fear of Communism
Soviets develop atomic weapons – August 1949
Communism spreads to ChinaChinese Civil War results in Communist
victoryMao Zedong assumes control of China
Democratic West (U.S./Canada/Western Europe)
345 Million People
Soviets and Eastern Europe287 Million People
China554 Million People
Communist Total841 Million People
Communism in the U.S.
House of Reps. – HUAC – House Un-American Activities Committee – All radical groups
By the end of WWII, HUAC was focused on Communism
1947 – HUAC began to explore Communist influence in Hollywood, the film industry.
Collected list of names of directors and writers
Called before the House to name othersThose who didn’t were blacklisted – hundreds
Truman Shows Commitment
Instituted policy of investigating all federal employees
3 million investigated, a few thousand resign, 200 were found to be disloyal
Smith Act – 1940 law making it illegal to call for the overthrow of the U.S. government.
McCarran Act – Act of Congress -made all communist organizations register -illegal to plan for creation of dictatorship -prevented radicals from entering country - Truman Vetoed – overridden
Spies
Espionage incidents fueled fearsAlger Hiss – former government official that
was accused of trying to place communist government
Klaus Fuchs – German born scientist who worked on Manhattan Project
Rosenbergs – Husband and wife accused of spying for Soviets – given the death sentence
Joseph McCarthy
McCarthyism
Senator from Wisconsin who was running for re-election in 1950
February 2, 1950 speech in West Virginia“The reason we find ourselves in a position of
impotency is not because our only powerful potential enemy has sent men to invade our shores, but rather because of the traitorous actions of those who have been treated so well by this Nation…In my opinion the State Department…is thoroughly infested with Communists. I have in my hand 57 cases of individuals who would appear to be either card carrying members or certainly loyal to the Communist Party…”
McCarthyism
McCarthy never produced a list of names and the Senate looked into his accusations and never found anything
The American people did not need any evidence
1950 election, McCarthy produced a fake photo of his opponent speaking with the head of American Communist Party – McCarthy wins
McCarthyism spreads
McCarthyism
Governments, universities, labor unions, and private business began hunting for communists.
FBI and private investigators produced names of people with questionable views
Those who refused to help with investigations were also put on lists
“Are you now or have you ever been a member of the Communist Party?”
Those who pled the 5th Amendment were labeled “guilty by association”
McCarthyism was Pervasive
Texas – 20 years for being a member of partyNew York – loyalty oath to obtain fishing
licenseIndiana – loyalty oath to be a professional
wrestlerTeachers and professors often had to take
oathsTextbooks promoted patriotism and promoted
anti-communism
Fall of McCarthy
McCarthy’s claims repeatedly turned out to be empty – Not a single conspirator found
In televised hearings, McCarthy attacked the Army for sheltering Communists
The public finally saw through him when he yelled “You are a disgrace to the uniform. You’re shielding communist conspirators…You’re not fit to be an officer. You’re ignorant.
The Senate put an end to his hearingsItaly and France – 20% of population identifiedU.S. – .03% of a population of 141 million
Korean Conflict
Current Events
SovietsCommunist
U.S.Republic
Both Withdraw Troops
June 25, 1950:100,000 North Korean troops armed with Soviet equipment invaded the South by surprise.
How Does the U.S. Respond?Cannot have another Asian nation fall under communism.
From end of WWII through 1949
Korean War
Read the documents and answer the questions in the packet.
Complete the packet for Friday along with reading chapter 15 section 4
Due Monday: In pairs…You will write an essay on Google Docs. Your instructions are found on pg 104 of the document packet.
You will work together and will individually fill out an evaluation on the contributions of yourself and your partner.
