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ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
WNC-002-E1
WCDMA Training —
WCDMA CN INTRODUCTIONV0510
ZTE University
3G Group
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Course Objectives
Evolution of WCDMA CN
WCDMA System Structure
Comparison of WCDMA and GSM/GPRS
Interface and Protocols in R4
Main Process examples
R4 Related Technology
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Standardization Organization of 3G
3GPP 3GPP2
IETFCWTS T1P1
TTA
TTC
ARIB
ETSI
ARIBTTC
CWTS
TIA
TTA
Parlay
MWIF
UWCC
MPEGForum
MSF
WAP-Forum
W3C3GCF
LIF
TIPHON
IPv6
GSMA
GSA
3G.IP
ITU-RWP8F ITU-T
SSG
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Standardization of WCDMA--3GPP
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Standardization of WCDMA--3GPP
ETSI TC SMG
T1P1
ARIB
TTA
CWTS
TTC
1998 2001Q2
1999 2000Q2 Q1Q3 Q2 Q3Q4 Q4 Q1Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4Q4 Q3 Q1
3GPP Release 4
3GPP Release 5(ALL IP)
business2001 & 2002
3GPP Release 3(Release 1999)
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
The Evolution from R99 to R4
RNSRNSRNS
SCP HLR
MSC MSCTUP/ISUP
TDM
CAP Over TDM MAP Over TDM
RNSRNS
HLRSCP
MSC Server
MSC Server
MGW
RNS
MAP Over TDM/IP
CAP Over TDM/IP
TUP/ISUP/BICC
TDM/ATM/IP
TDM/ATM/IPMGW
H.248 Over ATM/IP
H.248 Over ATM/IP
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
GMSC Server
CS PS
R4 CN
CS PS
R5 CN in earlier stage
GGSN
SGSNMSC Server
MGW
MGW
HLR
GMSC Server
MSC Server
MGW
MGW
GGSN
SGSN
HSSCSCF
MGCF
PSTN Internet
IMS
PSTN Internet
PS
R5 CN in later stage
GGSN
SGSN
HSS
CSCFMGCF
IMS
Internet
RNS RNS RNS
IM-MGW
IM-MGW
The Evolution from R4 to R5
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
The Evolution of CN
MSCGMSC
CS
GGSNSGSN
PS
RNSBSS RNS
BSS RNSBSS
MGWMGW
CS
GGSNSGSN
PS
MSC server
GMSC server
Billing Server
OMC
SCP
HLR
MMSC
GMLC
MGW
CS
GGSNSGSN
PS
MSC serve
r
Billing ServerSCP
HSSGMLC
MMSC OMC
MGCF CSCF
IMS
GMSC serve
r
R99 R4 R5
CN based on GSM and GPRS MMS
Control and bearer are separated in CS
IP are introduced to CS and RNS
WCDMA migrates towards ALL IP
Billing Server
OMC
SCP
HLR
MMSC
GMLC
MGW
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
HLRH323 DB AAA ISPService Layer
PSTN/Internet
MGW IPGWGGSN V-GW SGSNBearer Layer
Control Layer IP Core Network
Accessing Layer Wireless Access WCDMA
Future Network
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
What can
we find ?
All-IP evolution according with the trend of NGN!
Layer Separation (Bearer/Control/Service) with the trend of NGN!
Trend of telecommunication network!
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
NGN- Evolution……
Birth of NGN (Next Generation Network) – moral of the
story:
“Packet Switching infrastructure is the best for multiple
media of varying bit rates”
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
From technology-driven to service-driven
Tele. Market is approaching full-development, traditional service is coming up to saturation, especially tone service
Tele. Technology has been developed rapidly, access solution and bandwidth no longer become the bottleneck of the service
Huge amount of investment in “Tele. bubble” resulted in a low resource utilization efficiency, overall network development has slow down recently
Big-scale network development is decided by its service application Direction of future network is decided by its service application – ITU –
T ‘s definition for NGN, B3G’s discussion on service requirements Old tele. Network, huge amount of unused resource require new servic
e application
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Call Control
ApplServer
Core Packet NetworkCore Packet Network
Call Control
Today: Several separate networks
Tomorrow: One unified network (NGN)
Evolution
Converged Voice , Data and Video Services
Internet
Internet
PSTN
PSTN
CATV
CATV
PLMN
PLMN
OA&M
Network Evolution to NGN
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Course Objectives
Evolution of WCDMA CN
WCDMA System Structure
Comparison of WCDMA and GSM/GPRS
Interface and Protocols in R4
Main Process examples
R4 Related Technology
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Iu-CS Iu-PSGbA
H
CS PS 3G CNGMSC
MSC
MSC
PSTN
HLR
GGSN
SGSN
GSM Access
WCDMAUTRAN
WCDMA R99 System Structure
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
MSC Function
Call
Process
Call Process 、 Number Translate 、 Route Select EC 、 AMR Voice Process
Security
Security Authentication 、 Ciphering 、 Integrity Protect TMSI Reallocation
VLR Subscriber Data Management Location Update 、 MSRN/HON Allocation
MM Location Update 、 Hand Over 、 Roaming Register
CDR CDR Collect Saving 、 Format 、 Relay
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
BasicServiceLocation
Subscriber Data
CAMEL Subscription
CAMELO_CSIT_CSISS_CSI
Subscriber Authentication Data
Authentication
Location UpdateRoute UpdateHand Over
MM
HLR/AuC Function
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
R99 CN CS Signal Interface
RNS RNS
MSC NO.7 MSC
HLRSMC SCP
RANAP RANAP
TUP/ISUP
MAP CAP MAP
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
R99 CN CS Media Interface
GMSCMSC
PSTNTDM
RNS
AMR G.711G.711
MSC need Transcoder between AMR and G.711
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
RNC
Node B
TDM/ATM PSTN
IP
Iu-PS
Gn Gn
Gp
Gi
CG
Billing Center
Ga
HLR
MSC
GGSN
GMSC
Serving GPRS Support Node
Gateway GPRS Support Node
Inter-PLMN
Charging Gateway
BSCBTS
SGSN
Gb
Internet
PS Network
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
SGSN Function
CDR CDR Collect Saving, Format, Relay
MM Attach Detach, Location Management Service Request
Data
Manage
Save, Modify, Delete Subscriber Data Insert Subscriber Data/Cancel Location
Route
Manage PDP PDU Transfer
RR
Manage
GPRS Paging, Combined Gs Paging RNC Radio Resource Management
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
GGSN Function
Routing Select, PDP PDU Transfer, Address Mapping
Tunnel Capsulate and Transfer
Subscriber Data Management
Session Management
IP Address Management
Charging Information Select
Access: Transparent/intransparent Mode Internet Access
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
BS
GPRS BoreGPRS Bore
TCP/IP
SGSN/GGSN SGSN/GGSN
CG
TCP/UDPGTP'
FTAM/FTPFTAM/FTP
CG OMM Server CG OMM Client CG OMM Client
CG Function
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
CG Function
CG implements the following functions:
CDRs generated by GSNs collected in real time;
Buffering the CDRs
Preprocessing the CDRs, such as CDR consolidation and
filtering, deleting certain CDR fields, and modifying or addi
ng some CDR fields.
Transferring the CDRs to the BS.
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
SGSN GGSN
Backbone Network
S-SMT-CDRS-CDR M-CDRS-SMO-CDR G-CDR
CG CDRs
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
R99 CN PS Signal Interface
SMC
GGSNSGSNRNS
NO.7
HLR
MSC
GPRS
backbone
RANAP
MAP MAP
GTP-C
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
R99 Analyze
Advantages
Compatibility of productions now in use (GSM)
R99 System is divided to CS and PS domains
Guarantee of the QoS of RT services
Many experiences on mature technique TDM
Problems R99 does not accord with NGN
Inconvenient to upgrade to R4,R5
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Iu-CS Iu-PSGbA
H
CS PSUMTS
CN
MSC
Server
GMGW
PSTN/ISDN
HLR
GGSN
SGSN
GSM Access
WCDMA UTRAN
MGW
GMSC
Server
2G NET R-SGW
T-SGW
WCDMA R4 System Structure
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
WCDMA R4 System Structure
Layered Core network architectureControl is separated from media transport & transcoding
ApplicationApplication Service CapabilityServers
Control Plane ISDN/PSTN
InternetIntranets
GMSCserver
SCP HLRAUC
SCS
User Data Plane
Transport NetworkSTM / ATM / IP Media
Gateway
EIR
User data (media)Control signaling
MSCserver
MediaGateway
GGSN
SGSN
Service plane
RNCBTS
BTS
UTRAN
BICC
H.248
H.248
TraditionalMSC
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
WCDMA R4 Characters
The evolution to all-IP step by step in WCDMA network
The main difference happens in CS Domain; in PS, it is all the same
The separation of control and Bearer: MSC to MGW&MSC Server
IP transfer of Signal: SG was introduced
R4 new interface : Mc : MSC Server ~ MGW , H.248 protocol
Nb : MGW ~ MGW
ATM Bearer , AAL2
IP Bearer , RTP
Nc : MSC Server ~ MSC Server , BICC protocol
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
MSC SERVER Function
Mc Mc
Nb
Nc
MSC Server
GMSC Server
MGW MGW
UTRANR99/GSM
/ PSTN
Call Control Function
Signal Interface and Process
VLR Function
Bear Control: 3G expanded H.248
Call Control signal: BICC
MGW Management( Register, status
maintain)
SGW
NO.7
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
GMSC SERVER Function
Mc Mc
Nb
Nc
MSC Server
GMSC Server
MGW MGW
UTRANR99/GSM
/ PSTN
SGW
NO.7
GMSC Signal process
Send Routing Information
GMGW Control: H248
BICC and ISUP Inter working
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
MGW Function
Mc Mc
Nb
Nc
MSC Server
GMSC Server
MGW MGW
UTRANR99/GSM
/ PSTN
SGW
NO.7
Media Bearer establish, release receive control from MGC: H248 Media convert Media resource (Tone/TC/DTMF/Confe
rence) Multi-Bearer (AAL2/ATM, TDM , RTP/
UDP/IP)
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
SGW Function
Conversion of Signal an
d Protocol (SIGTRAN M3
UA /SCTP/IP <=> SS7 M
TP3/2/1)
embedded SGW (SG
was embedded in the MG
W chassis or MSC Server
chassis)
Mc Mc
Nb
Nc
MSC Server
GMSC Server
MGW MGW
UTRANR99/GSM
/ PSTN
SGW
NO.7
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
R4 CN CS Signal
RNS
BSS
Radio Access
MG Control/
Bearer Control
BSSAP
RANAP
Bearer Control
BICC/TUP/ISUP
H.248 H.248
ALCAP/IPBCP
Call Signal between switch
MAP MAP CAP
MM&Service
MSC server
MGW
MSC server
MGW
HLRSMC SCP
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
R4 Analyze
Advantages
Thought of NGN
Layer structure
IP transfer: a flattened structure
Brings high increase for operator
Challenges Experience on operation
Qos on IP network
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
GMSC Server
CS PS
R4 CN
CS PS
R5 CN in earlier stage
GGSN
SGSNMSC Server
MGW
MGW
HLR
GMSC Server
MSC Server
MGW
MGW
GGSN
SGSN
HSSCSCF
MGCF
PSTN Internet
IMS
PSTN Internet
PS
R5 CN in later stage
GGSN
SGSN
HSS
CSCFMGCF
IMS
Internet
RNS RNS RNS
IM-MGW
IM-MGW
The Evolution from R4 to R5
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
CS PS
MSC
Server
GMGW
HSS
GGSN
SGSN
WCDMA UTRAN
MGW
GMSC
Server
IMS
IMS-MGW
SGW
MGCF
CSCF
PSTN
No.7
WCDMA R5 System Structure
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
CSCF ( Call State Control Function ) entity
CSCF
SPD (Serving Profile Database) SPD (Serving Profile Database)
Log
ical
Fu
nction
AH(Address Handing) AH(Address Handing)
ICGW(Incoming call gateway) ICGW(Incoming call gateway)
CCF (Call Control Function) CCF (Call Control Function)
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
MGCF ( Media Gateway Control Function ) entity
MGCF
Log
ical
Fu
nction
MGW Control MGW Control
SIP UA SIP UA
Conversion Between SIP & BICC/ISUP Conversion Between SIP & BICC/ISUP
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Version Radio Access CN CS CN PS
GSM
/GPRS
1 ) FDD TDMA
2 ) 114Kbps
1 ) TDM Transfer 1 ) IP Transfer ,2 ) GTP protocol
3GPP
R99
1 ) FDD WCDMA ( 5M
Hz )2 ) Iu: ATM
3 ) 2Mbps
1 ) same with GSM
2 ) Iu: ATM Transfer
AMR Codec
1 ) same with GPRS
3GPP
R4
1 ) Same with R99
2 ) support TD-SCDMA
1 ) Separation of control &
bearer
2 ) IP/ATM/TDM Transfer
3 ) TrFo
1 ) same with R99
3GPP
R5
1 ) Iu: IP
2 ) HSDPA: down link: 1
4.4M
1 ) Iu: IP Transfer 1 ) Support of IMS
2 ) Separation of CS
CF and MGCF
Summary
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Course Objectives
Evolution of WCDMA CN
WCDMA System Structure
Comparison of WCDMA and GSM/GPRS
Interface and Protocols in R4
Main Process examples
R4 Related Technology
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
WCDMA & GSM Interface
RNS
RNC
RNS
RNC
Core Network
Node B Node B Node B Node B
Iu Iu
Iur
Iub Iub Iub Iub
UE
Uu Uu UE
MS
BTS
BSC MSC/VLR
OMC SC
HLR/AUC EIR MSC/VLR
BTS
MS
PLMNPSTNISDNPSTDN
No.7MAP
X.25X.25orNo.7
Um
A
Abis
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Iu & A/Gb
Name Name
Signal transfer/Media transfer Signal transfer/Media transfer
Bearer Bearer
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Physical Layer
MTP
SCCP
BSSAP
MTP
SCCP
BSSOMAP
A
Gb
GMM/SM
LLC
BSSGP
L1bis
Network
Service L1
RRC
MAC
ATM
RANAP
AAL5
Relay
Uu
RLC
Signalling
Bearer
SCCP
ATM
AAL5
Iu-Ps
SCCP
Signaling
Bearer
RANAP
GMM
SM/SMS
3G-SGSNRNS
2G-SGSNA Iu-PS
Radio Access Signal Transfer...Radio Access Signal Transfer...
Iu & A/Gb Control Plan
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
MS MM State Model
IDLE
GPRS Attach
PDU Transmission
READY Timer ExpiredOr
Force to STANDBY
READYSTANDBY
GPRS DETACH
GPRS MS MM States
PS Attach
PS SignallingConnection Release
PS Signalling
Connection Establish
PS DetachDetach,PS Attach Reject,RAU Reject
WCDMA PS UE MM States
PMM-IDLE
SM-ACTIVE orINACTIVE
PMM-
CONNECTED
SM-ACTIVE or
INACTIVE
PMM-
DETACHED
WCDMA PS & GPRS MM
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GPRS SGSN MM States
IDLE
GPRS Attach
PDU Transmission
READYSTANDBY
Cancellocation
Or
Implicit Detach
READY Timer ExpiredOr
Force to STANDBYOr
Abnormal RLC Condition
GPRS DETACHOr
CancellocationPS Attach
PS SignallingConnection Release
PS Signalling
Connection Establish
PS Detach
Detach,PS Attach Reject,RAU Reject
WCDMA PS SGSN MM States
PMM-IDLE
SM-ACTIVE orINACTIVE
PMM-
CONNECTED
SM-ACTIVE or
INACTIVE
PMM-
DETACHED
Serving RNC
relocation
SGSN MM State Model
WCDMA PS & GPRS MM
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Inter SGSN hand over in GPRS
RA1
HLR/AuC
old SGSN
GGSN
RA2
new SGSN
source BSC
MS
target BSC
①
①
①
①
②
③
③
③
③
① ③
Buffers in SGSN, ‘hard hand over‘ in GPRS
WCDMA PS & GPRS MM
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
RA1
HLR/AuC
old SGSN
GGSN
RA2
new SGSN
source SRNC
MS
target RNC
①
①①
①
①
②
③
③
③
③
① ③
Inter SGSN RNC Reallocation in WCDMA
Buffers in RNS Iur Interface
‘Soft Hand Over’
WCDMA PS & GPRS MM
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
WCDMA & GSM Voice
Codec
The voice codec in GSM is REP - LTP (regular-pulse
excitation - long time prediction), and the codec rate i
s 13kbps.
The voice codec in WCDMA is AMR (Adaptive Modify
Rate), and it has 8 kinds of rate from 4.75 to 12.2kbit/s
Soft Capacity
Allocate band resource dynamically as the usage of th
e network resource
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
GSM/GPRS: 3 members in AVGSM/GPRS: 3 members in AV
WCDMA: 5 members in AVWCDMA: 5 members in AV
GSM: the network to check whether the identity provided by the MS is acceptable or not
GSM: the network to check whether the identity provided by the MS is acceptable or not
UMTS: both way identity between the network and the MS
UMTS: both way identity between the network and the MS
Security of WCDMA & GSM
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GSM/GPRS: ciphering realize in BTS/SGSNGSM/GPRS: ciphering realize in BTS/SGSN
UMTS: add integrity protect for signal transfer between RNC and MS
UMTS: add integrity protect for signal transfer between RNC and MS
UMTS: ciphering realize in RNCUMTS: ciphering realize in RNC
Security of WCDMA & GSM
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Random Producer
Arithmetic
?
Arithmetic
MSMS NetworkNetwork
SRES
RAND
SRES’
Ki Ki
Match ?AV (RAND 、 SRES 、 Kc)
Authentication in GSM
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MS MSCS/SGSN HLR/AUC
Generate authenticationvectors AV(1..n)
Store authentication vectors
Select authentication vector AV(i)
Authentication data request
Authentication data responseAV(1..n)
User authentication requestRAND(i) || AUTN(i)
User authentication responseRES(i)
Compare RES(i) and XRES(i)
Verify AUTN(i)Compute RES(i)
Compute CK(i) and IK(i) Select CK(i) and IK(i)
Authentication and
key establishment
Distribution ofauthenticationvectors from HE to SN
AV=(RAND, XRES,
CK, IK, AUTN )
Authentication in UMTS
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Course Objectives
Evolution of WCDMA CN
WCDMA System Structure
Comparison of WCDMA and GSM/GPRS
Interface and Protocols in R4
Main Process examples
R4 Related Technology
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
ATM/IP Backbone
Services
Internet/Intranet
GMSC Server
MSC Server
Iu-C
s McMcMcMc
Nc
Gc
Gr
D
API
GGSNSGSN
MGW
SCPSCP
RNS
PSTN/GSMMGW
HLRHLR
CG
SGC
Iu-P
s
Nb
GnGi
Ga Ga
Interface in R4
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
ATM/IP Backbone
Services
Internet/Intranet
GMSC Server
MSC Server
Iu-C
s McMcMcMc
NcG
c
Gr
D
API
GGSNSGSN
MGW
SCPSCP
RNS
PSTN/GSMMGW
HLRHLR
CG
SG
C
Iu-P
s
Nb
GnGi
Ga Ga
SAAL
ATM
MTP3b
SCCP
RANAP
MM/CM
Control Plane
AAL2
ATM
IuUP
User Plane
Protocols on Interface
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
ATM/IP Backbone
Services
Internet/Intranet
GMSC Server
MSC Server
Iu-C
s McMcMcMc
NcG
c
Gr
D
API
GGSNSGSN
MGW
SCPSCP
RNS
PSTN/GSMMGW
HLRHLR
CG
SG
C
Iu-P
s
Nb
GnGi
Ga Ga
SAAL
ATM
MTP3b
SCCP
RANAP
GMM/SM
Control Plane
SAAL
ATM
IuUP
User Plane
IP/UDP
GTP-U
Protocols on Interface
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
ATM/IP Backbone
Services
Internet/Intranet
GMSC Server
MSC Server
Iu-C
s McMcMcMc
NcG
c
Gr
D
API
GGSNSGSN
MGW
SCPSCP
RNS
PSTN/GSMMGW
HLRHLR
CG
SG
C
Iu-P
s
Nb
GnGi
Ga Ga
SCTP
IP
M3UA
SCCP
TCAP
MAP
IP
MTP3
MTP2
MAP
TDM
SCCP
TCAP
MTP1
Protocols on Interface
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
ATM/IP Backbone
Services
Internet/Intranet
GMSC Server
MSC Server
Iu-C
s McMcMcMc
Nc
Gc
Gr
D
API
GGSNSGSN
MGW
SCPSCP
RNS
PSTN/GSMMGW
HLRHLR
CG
SG
C
Iu-P
s
Nb
GnGi
Ga Ga
SCTP
IP
M3UA
SCCP
TCAP
CAP
IP
MTP3
MTP2
CAP
TDM
SCCP
TCAP
MTP1
Protocols on Interface
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
ATM/IP Backbone
Services
Internet/Intranet
GMSC Server
MSC Server
Iu-C
s McMcMcMc
NcG
c
Gr
D
API
GGSNSGSN
MGW
SCPSCP
RNS
PSTN/GSMMGW
HLRHLR
CG
SG
C
Iu-P
s
Nb
GnGi
Ga Ga
SCTP
IP
M3UA
BICC
IP
BICC
ATM
SAAL
ATM
MTP3B
Protocols on Interface
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
SCTP
ATM/IP Backbone
Services
Internet/Intranet
GMSC Server
MSC Server
Iu-C
s McMcMcMc
NcG
c
Gr
D
API
GGSNSGSN
MGW
SCPSCP
RNS
PSTN/GSMMGW
HLRHLR
CG
SG
C
Iu-P
s
Nb
GnGi
Ga Ga
SCTP
IP
M3UA
H248
IP
H248
ATM
SAAL
ATM
MTP3B
Protocols on Interface
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
ATM/IP Backbone
Services
Internet/Intranet
GMSC Server
MSC Server
Iu-C
s McMcMcMc
NcG
c
Gr
D
API
GGSNSGSN
MGW
SCPSCP
RNS
PSTN/GSMMGW
HLRHLR
CG
SG
C
Iu-P
s
Nb
GnGi
Ga Ga
UDP
IP
RTP/RTCP
NbUp
IP
NbUp
ATM
ATM
AAL2
User Plane Protocol:
IPBCP
IP
Alcap
ATM
ATM
MTP3B
SAAL
Bearer Control Protocol:
Protocols on Interface
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
ATM/IP Backbone
Services
Internet/Intranet
GMSC Server
MSC Server
Iu-C
s McMcMcMc
Nc
Gc
Gr
D
API
GGSNSGSN
MGW
SCPSCP
RNS
PSTN/GSMMGW
HLRHLR
CG
SG
C
Iu-P
s
Nb
GnGi
Ga Ga
SCTP
IP
ADAPT(M3UA)
APP(ISUP)
IP
MTP3
MTP2
APP(ISUP)
TDM
MTP1
Protocols on Interface
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
ATM/IP Backbone
Services
Internet/Intranet
GMSC Server
MSC Server
Iu-C
s McMcMcMc
NcG
c
Gr
D
API
GGSNSGSN
MGW
SCPSCP
RNS
PSTN/GSMMGW
HLRHLR
CG
SG
C
Iu-P
s
Nb
GnGi
Ga Ga
L2
L1
IP/UDP
GTP-C
Control Plane
L2
L1
GTP-U
User Plane
IP/UDP
Protocols on Interface
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
ATM/IP Backbone
Services
Internet/Intranet
GMSC Server
MSC Server
Iu-C
s McMcMcMc
NcG
c
Gr
D
API
GGSNSGSN
MGW
SCPSCP
RNS
PSTN/GSMMGW
HLRHLR
CG
SG
C
Iu-P
s
Nb
GnGi
Ga Ga
L2
L1
IP/UDP
GTP’
Protocols on Interface
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
ATM/IP Backbone
Services
Internet/Intranet
GMSC Server
MSC Server
Iu-C
s McMcMcMc
Nc
Gc
Gr
D
API
GGSNSGSN
MGW
SCPSCP
RNS
PSTN/GSMMGW
HLRHLR
CG
SG
C
Iu-P
s
Nb
GnGi
Ga Ga
L2
L1
IP/UDP
Application
Protocols on Interface
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Course Objectives
Evolution of WCDMA CN
WCDMA System Structure
Comparison of WCDMA and GSM/GPRS
Interface and Protocols in R4
Main Process examples
R4 Related Technology
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
A
MSC
Server
MGW
UE
MGW
MSC
Server
NO.7
UE
BHLRHLR
H.248H.248
BICC
MAP
MAP
Basic UE to UE Call
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
UMTSCN
MSC
Server
GMGW
PSTN/other operator
UE
MGW
GMSC
Server
NO.7
H.248
BICC
H.248
TUP TUP
Basic UE to PSTN Call
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
PDP Context Activation
RNS
SGSN
BackboneBackbone
DNS Server
ISP/Corp.Network
DNS Client
GGSN
GMM/SM/SMS
Lower Layer Lower Layer
GMM/SM/SMS
Lower Layer
GTP-C
1
2
DNS_query (APN),DNS Response ( IP Of GGSN )
3
Create_PDP_Req (Type of PDP,APN), Res (IP of MS)
PDP Context Active Req(NSAPI , type , APN )
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
RNS SGSN
User IP Addresses PoolGPRS
BB
Gn Gn
GGSN
Gi
IP Network
Mobile ISP
GPRS BackboneLayers 1 & 2L1
L2IP
GTP - U
UserPayload
UDP
Tunnel payload
Transport layer
GPRS Tunnel
ATM BackboneLayers 1 & 2 ATM
AAL5IP
GTP - U
UserPayload
UDP
Tunnel payload
Transport layer
GPRS Tunnel
L1
Public Data Network Layers 1 & 2
Network layerTransport layerApplication Layer
IP
APP
L1L2
TCP / UDP
Transport of PS data packets
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Course Objectives
Evolution of WCDMA CN
WCDMA System Structure
Comparison of WCDMA and GSM/GPRS
Interface and Protocols in R4
Main Process examples
R4 Related Technology
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
TFO & TrFO
Concept
TFO: Tandem Free Operation: negotiate rate through i
n-band signal, insert a transcoder to support speech be
tween two ends with different codec or voice rates.
TrFO: Transcoder Free Operation: through out-band si
gnal negotiation, it realizes calls that have no transcod
ers involved in the connection between the source cod
ecs
Advantage of TrFO
Improve the quality of speech
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Technique of TrFO
A supports rates: 12.2K/7.9K
MSC Server-O MSC Server-T
AMR AMR
AMR OverIP
MGW-O MGW-T
B supports rates:12.2K/7.9K/4.75K
A B
1
Iu
RTP
IP
L2/L1
AAL2
ATM
Iu UP Nb UP
AMR
RTP
IP
L2/L1
AAL2
ATM
Nb UP
AMR
Iu UP
Nb Iu
2
RNC-O RNC-T
TrFo Process
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
MGW Security Strategy
The same MTP code for MSC Server1
and MSC Server2. SGW integrated to
MGW, RNC connect to MSC Server
via MGW
MGW access to MSC Servers with
different SCTP , if Primary MSC
Server unavailable, then start the
Secondary MSCS SCTP .
MSCS:A MSCS:B
MGW1 MGW2
Other MSCS
RNCRNC
Primary Link
Secondary Link
——Dual Homing
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Large Scale Network
How to decide roaming?
How to chose route? (fixed number as callee number)
The influence to billing
ZXWN MSCS
ZXWN MGW1 RNC ZXWN MGW2
GW
RNC
GW
TMSC
LS/TS LS/TS
0755-4828922 020-4828922
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
HLR Reliability Strategy-Backup 1+1
• Every HLR have user data copy.
• Some users are active status,others are backup status in every HLR.
• Modify the data on active HLR, then sent the data to update in backup HLR
• Network information should send to the active HLR.
• In case of fault, every HLR can serve for all the users. So fault HLR will hand over automatically or handly by people to available HLR.
Active Standby
ZXWN HLR1
Sync message
s
DB:A
DB:B
ZXWN HLR2
DB:B
DB:A
STPSTP
MSC Server SGSN
Copyright © 1996 Northern Telecom
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
ZXWN HLR1
DB:A
DB:B
ZXWN HLR2
DB:B
DB:A
STPSTP
MSC Server SGSN
Copyright © 1996 Northern Telecom
Fault
• Enter the commands on the
active HLR to take over all the
users services.
• Every users are on the active
status in the active HLR.
• Every network information and
service requirement should be
sent to the active HLR
• No longer sent synchronization
information between HLR
Active Standby
HLR Reliability Strategy-Backup 1+1
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
HLR Reliability Strategy-Backup N+1
A city B city
HLR
HLR
HLR Back Up
HLR
HLR
HLR
HLR
STP1 STP2 STP1 STP2
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
Virtual HLR
Local Network1
VMSCGMSC
Local Network2
Local Network3
H/LSTP
Virtual
HLR2
Virtual
HLR3
Remote Customer Care
Remote Customer Care
Local Customer Care
HLR
HLR1
…
HLR2
HLR3
Router
Router
VMSCGMSC
VMSCGMSC
WANWAN
ZTE University univ.zte.com.cn univ.zte.com.cnThe information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.