01_ITPM6_Introduction (1)

7/25/2019 01_ITPM6_Introduction (1)

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Chapter 1:Introduction toProject Management

Managing InformationTechnology Projects, Sixth

EditionSch al!e

Note: See the text itself for full citations.


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South-Western/ Cengage Learning All Rights Reserved.

Understand the growing need for better proje t!anage!ent" espe iall# for infor!ation te hnolog#proje ts$%plain what a proje t is" provide e%a!ples of

infor!ation te hnolog# proje ts" list various attributesof proje ts" and des ribe the triple onstraint ofproje ts&es ribe proje t !anage!ent and dis uss 'e#

ele!ents of the proje t !anage!ent fra!ewor'"in luding proje t sta'eholders" the proje t!anage!ent 'nowledge areas" o!!on tools andte hni(ues" and proje t su ess

Learning Objectives

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&is uss the relationship between proje t" progra!"and portfolio !anage!ent and the ontributions the#ea h !a'e to enterprise su essUnderstand the role of the proje t !anager b#des ribing what proje t !anagers do" what s'ills the#need" and what the areer field is li'e for infor!ationte hnolog# proje t !anagers&es ribe the proje t !anage!ent profession"

in luding its histor#" the role of professionalorgani*ations li'e the +roje t ,anage!ent nstitute+, " the i!portan e of ertifi ation and ethi s" and

the advan e!ent of proje t !anage!ent software

Learning Objectives (continued)

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,an# organi*ations toda# have a new or renewedinterest in proje t !anage!ent

Co!puter hardware" software" networ's" and the

use of interdis iplinar# and global wor' tea!s haveradi all# hanged the wor' environ!ent1he world as a whole spends nearl# 234 trillion ofits 254.6 trillion gross produ t on proje ts of all

'inds,ore than 37 !illion people regard proje t!anage!ent as their profession

Introduction

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1otal global spending on te hnolog# goods" servi es" andstaff was proje ted to rea h 2).5 trillion in )448" an 8per ent in rease fro! )446

n the U.S. the si*e of the 1 wor'for e topped 5 !illionwor'ers for the first ti!e in )448

n )446 the total o!pensation for the average seniorproje t !anager in U.S. dollars was 2345"667 per #ear inthe United States" 2333"53) in Australia" and 23)4"075 inthe United 9ingdo!

1he nu!ber of people earning their +roje t ,anage!ent+rofessional +,+ ertifi ation ontinues to in rease

Project Management Statistics

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1 +roje ts have a terrible tra ' re ord" as des ribed in theWhat Went Wrong;

A 3


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Better ontrol of finan ial" ph#si al" and hu!anresour es

!proved usto!er relationsShorter develop!ent ti!esLower osts>igher (ualit# and in reased reliabilit#>igher profit !argins

!proved produ tivit#Better internal oordination>igher wor'er !orale

Advantages of sing !ormalProject Management

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A "roject is a te!porar# endeavor underta'ento reate a uni(ue produ t" servi e" or resultD

+,B?9E =uide" Fourth $dition" )448" p. :

?perations is wor' done to sustain the business

+roje ts end when their obje tives have beenrea hed or the proje t has been ter!inated

+roje ts an be large or s!all and ta'e a shortor long ti!e to o!plete

#hat Is a Project$

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A te hni ian repla es ten laptops for a s!alldepart!ent A s!all software develop!ent tea! adds a newfeature to an internal software appli ation for the

finan e depart!ent A ollege a!pus upgrades its te hnolog#infrastru ture to provide wireless nternet a essa ross the whole a!pus

A ross-fun tional tas' for e in a o!pan# de ideswhat Goi e-over- nternet-+roto ol Go + s#ste! topur hase and how it will be i!ple!ented

%&am"les of IT Projects

<


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To" Strategic Technologies for '(*artner)

=reen 1Unified o!!uni ations

Business pro ess !odelingGirtuali*ation ).4So ial software

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n )447" Baseline ,aga*ine published Where .1.,attersH >ow 34 1e hnologies 1ransfor!ed 34

ndustriesD as a retort to Ii holas CarrJs ideasauthor of 1 &oesnJt ,atterD

Go + has transfor!ed the tele o!!uni ations industr#and broadband nternet a ess

=lobal +ositioning S#ste!s =+S has hanged thefar!ing industr#

&igital suppl# hain has hanged the entertain!entindustr#Js distribution s#ste!

Media Sna"shot+ #here IT Matters

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A proje tH >as a uni(ue purpose s te!porar# s developed using progressive elaboration Re(uires resour es" often fro! various areas Should have a pri!ar# usto!er or sponsor

1he "roject s"onsor usuall# provides the dire tion andfunding for the proje t

nvolves un ertaint#

Project Attributes

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Project managers wor' with proje t sponsors"the proje t tea!" and other people involved in aproje t to !eet proje t goals

Program H group of related proje ts !anaged in aoordinated wa# to obtain benefits and ontrol notavailable fro! !anaging the! individuall#

+,B?9E =uide" Fourth $dition" )448" p. A?S )443H A Re ipe for Su ess )443 .

#hy the Im"rovements$

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1here are several wa#s to define proje t su essH 1he proje t !et s ope" ti!e" and ost goals 1he proje t satisfied the usto!er/sponsor 1he results of the proje t !et its !ain obje tive" su h as

!a'ing or saving a ertain a!ount of !one#" providing agood return on invest!ent" or si!pl# !a'ing thesponsors happ#

Project Success

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3. $%e utive support). User involve!ent0. $%perien ed proje t

!anager 5. Clear business obje tives:. ,ini!i*ed s ope7. Standard software

infrastru ture

Table ,-'+ #hat 5el"s ProjectsSucceed$6

)5

6. Fir! basi re(uire!ents 8. For!al !ethodolog#


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Re ent resear h findings show that o!panies thate% el in proje t deliver# apabilit#H

Use an integrated proje t !anage!ent toolbo%use standard/advan ed +, tools" lots of

te!plates =row proje t leaders" e!phasi*ing business and

soft s'ills &evelop a strea!lined proje t deliver# pro ess ,easure proje t health using !etri s" li'e usto!er

satisfa tion or return on invest!ent

#hat the #inners 7o8

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A "rogram is a group of related proje ts !anaged ina oordinated wa# to obtain benefits and ontrol notavailable fro! !anaging the! individuall#D +,B?9E=uide" Fourth $dition" )448" p. ery novel "rojects H leadership" people s'ills" havingvision and goals" self onfiden e" e%pe tations

!anage!ent" and listening s'ills were !ost i!portant

7ifferent S0ills ?eeded in 7ifferentSituations

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$ffe tive proje t !anagers provide leadership b#e%a!ple

A leader fo uses on long-ter! goals and big-

pi ture obje tives while inspiring people to rea hthose goals

A manager deals with the da#-to-da# details of!eeting spe ifi goals

+roje t !anagers often ta'e on the role of bothleader and !anager

Im"ortance of Leadershi" S0ills

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n a )447 surve# b# C ?. o!" 1 e%e utivesran'ed the s'ills that would be the !ost inde!and in the ne%t two to five #ears+roje t/progra! !anage!ent topped the listK

.areers for IT Project Managers

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S1ILL P%4.%?TA*% O!4%SPO?7%?TS

+roje t/progra! !anage!ent 74@Business pro ess !anage!ent ::@Business anal#sis :0@

Appli ation develop!ent :)@&atabase !anage!ent 5


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1he profession of proje t !anage!ent is growingat a ver# rapid pa e

t is helpful to understand the histor# of the field"the role of professional so ieties li'e the +roje t,anage!ent nstitute" and the growth in proje t!anage!ent software

The Project Management Profession

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So!e people argue that building the $g#ptianp#ra!ids was a proje t" as was building the =reatWall of China

,ost people onsider the Manhattan Project tobe the first proje t to use !odernD proje t!anage!ent

1his three-#ear" 2) billion in 3


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!igure ,-@: Sam"le *antt .hart.reated /ith Project '

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!igure ,- : Sam"le ?et/or0 7iagramin Microsoft Project

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1he +roje t ,anage!ent nstitute +, is an internationalprofessional so iet# for proje t !anagers founded in 3


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+, provides ertifi ation as a ProjectManagement Professional PMP

A +,+ has do u!ented suffi ient proje te%perien e" agreed to follow a ode of ethi s" andpassed the +,+ e%a!1he nu!ber of people earning +,+ ertifi ation isin reasing (ui 'l#

+, and other organi*ations offer additionalertifi ation progra!s see Appendi% B

Project Management .ertification

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!igure ,- : *ro/th in PMP.ertificationB ,229-'

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%thics " loosel# defined" is a set of prin iples that guideour de ision !a'ing based on personal values of whatis rightD and wrongD

+roje t !anagers often fa e ethi al dile!!as

n order to earn +,+ ertifi ation" appli ants !ustagree to +, Js Code of $thi s and +rofessionalCondu t

Several (uestions on the +,+ e%a! are related toprofessional responsibilit#" in luding ethi s

%thics in Project Management

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1here are hundreds of different produ ts to assist inperfor!ing proje t !anage!ent1hree !ain ategories of toolsH

Low-end toolsH handle single or s!aller proje ts well" ostunder 2)44 per user

,idrange toolsH handle !ultiple proje ts and users" ost2)44-744 per user" +roje t )446 !ost popular

>igh-end toolsH also alled enterprise proje t !anage!entsoftware" often li ensed on a per-user basis" li'e G+,i$nterprise ?nline www.v sonline. o! O see front over fortrial version infor!ation

See the +roje t ,anage!ent Center Web site or 1op1en Reviews for lin's to !an# o!panies thatprovide proje t !anage!ent software

Project Management Soft/are

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A proje t is a te!porar# endeavor underta'en to reate a

uni(ue produ t" servi e" or result+roje t !anage!ent is the appli ation of 'nowledge" s'ills"tools" and te hni(ues to proje t a tivities to !eet proje tre(uire!ents

A progra! is a group of related proje ts !anaged in aoordinated wa#+roje t portfolio !anage!ent involves organi*ing and!anaging proje ts and progra!s as a portfolio of invest!ents+roje t !anagers pla# a 'e# role in helping proje ts andorgani*ations su eed1he proje t !anage!ent profession ontinues to grow and!ature

.ha"ter Summary

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01_ITPM6_Introduction (1)