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AIR CONDITIONING
SYSTEMS
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THE COMPLETE SYSTEM
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The complete system
The air conditioning and distribution system, thispart of the
system will generally have the meansto heat, cool, humidify,
dehumidify, clean, anddistribute air to the various conditioned
space ina zone.
Central Mechanical Equipment Air Handling Equipment Heating
Equipment Refrigeration Equipment Pumps and piping
Control and instrumentation
Note: normally, the equipment is located outsidethe conditioned
area in a basement, on the roof,or in a service area at the core of
the building.
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A zone is a conditioned space under the control ofa single
thermostat.
A thermostat is a control device that senses thespace
temperature and sends a correcting signalif that temperature is not
within some desiredrange.
A Chiller is used for cooling the secondary
refrigerants. A Cooling tower is used to reject heat to the
atmosphere by reducing the temperature ofwater circulated
through condensers or otherheat-rejection equipment.
An air handling unit consists of the fan, thecooling coil of the
refrigeration plant and airfilters.
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ROOM AIR CONDITIONERSNO USE TODAY
This is the simplest form of an airconditioning system,
assembled inside acasing suitable for installation on windows
or wall openings. The assembly incorporates a refrigeration
unit and a double shaft fan motor withfans mounted on both sides
of the motor
one on the evaporator side and the otherfor the air-cooled
condenser.
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Exploded view
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Top view
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Side view
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SPLIT UNITS
In split units (split type), the indoor and outdoorsections of
the room air conditioner are separatedout into two casings or
units.
The indoor unit consists of the evaporator coil,
evaporator blower with its own separate motor,capillary tube,
control panel, air filter, supply andreturn grills etc.
The outdoor unit has the other parts of thesystem like the
compressor, air-cooledcondenser, condenser fan and its own motor
isinstalled outside.
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Indoor and outdoor
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multiple
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dehumidifier
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PACKAGE AIR CONDITIONER
these can be considered as thebigger versions of the room
airconditioners and are used for air
conditioning loads beyond thecapacity range of the room
airconditioners. They are available in
nominal capacities of 3, 5, 7 , 10 and15 tonne.
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Cross section view
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CENTRAL AIR CONDITIONING
PLANTS The central air conditioning system can be
either of the direct or the indirect type. In the direct system,
the air from the
space to be air conditioned is circulated
over the cooling coil (of a refrigerationplant) in which the low
pressurerefrigerant liquid is boiling.
In the indirect system, chilled water or
brine from the refrigeration plant iscirculated through the
cooling coil locatedin the air-handling unit to cool anddehumidify
the room air.
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DX SYSTEM (Direct-expansion
system)
The compressor and condenser ofthe refrigeration plant are
located ina plant room near the air-handling
unit room.
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CHILLED WATER SYSTEM
The compressor with its drive motor(or semihermatic compressor),
thewater-cooled condenser and the
chiller (evaporator) are all assembledin a structural steel
frameworkmaking a complete compact
refrigeration plant, known as a chillerpackage.
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AHU
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COOLING TOWER
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COOLING TOWER
