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8/6/2019 01.3 Digesters Digestion[1]
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/013-digesters-digestion1 1/16
Biogas Regions: Train the Trainers Seminar, Wolpertshausen, Germany, 28-29 November 2007
Type of digesters and
fermentation processes
Wet fermentation Completely mixing digester Plug flow digester
Drying fermentation Plug flow reactor Garage batch type digester
8/6/2019 01.3 Digesters Digestion[1]
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Biogas Regions: Train the Trainers Seminar, Wolpertshausen, Germany, 28-29 November 2007
Concrete digester withConcrete cover
Disadvantages:
- no integrated gas holder
- Digester revision difficult
- the concrete is not absolutely gas-tight
- difficult leak identification
Advantages:
- controllable (solid feeding….)
- withstand certain pressures (20 mbar)
- simple repairing of the stirring system
- low heat loss
8/6/2019 01.3 Digesters Digestion[1]
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Biogas Regions: Train the Trainers Seminar, Wolpertshausen, Germany, 28-29 November 2007
Concrete digester with concrete cover
8/6/2019 01.3 Digesters Digestion[1]
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Advantages:
- low-price alternative
- simple digester revision
- integrated gas holder
Disadvantages:
- wind- and weather sensitive
- not 100% gas-tight
- Difficult to indicate the gas
filling level
GmbH
flexiblerEPDM-Folienhaubengasspeicher
Flexible, EPDM-film gas
holder (balloon –type)
Concrete digesterwith single membrane cover
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8/6/2019 01.3 Digesters Digestion[1]
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Concrete digester withair supported double
membrane cover
Advantages:- simple digester repair
- integrated gas holder
- well weather proofed- easy to indicate the gasfilling level
Disadvantages:
- more expensive than one cover
- not 100% gastight
- permanent energyconsumption through air fan
GmbH
flexiblePE-Folie
Stuetzluft-geblaese
PVC-GewebefoliePVC tissue
reinforced filmFan for
air
support
Flexible EPDM-Film
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Concrete digester with air supported double membrane
cover
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Biogas Regions: Train the Trainers Seminar, Wolpertshausen, Germany, 28-29 November 2007
Combi digester(concrete and stainlesssteel)
Tragluftdach Gasmembrane
Feststoffeintrag
Gasraum
Gärsubstrat
Dichtmasse
Edelstahlwinkel
Edelstahblech
Isolierung
Rührwerk
Beton
Heizung
Mittelstützemit Tragbändern
Beton
Basis from concrete, ring from V4A
All pipes in stainless steel
Combination with double coverpossible
concrete tank which is
sunk at least partly
into earth
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Biogas Regions: Train the Trainers Seminar, Wolpertshausen, Germany, 28-29 November 2007
Horizontal digester with paddle stirrer
Advantages:
- digesting high solids content
- high loading rate possible- little short cut flow
- automatic sand drain
- complete mixing
- high digester productivity- Suitable for dry digestion
Disadvantages:
- high price
- only possible with after digester
- limited in size
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Biogas Regions: Train the Trainers Seminar, Wolpertshausen, Germany, 28-29 November 2007
Horizontal digester with paddle stirrer
Steel orconcrete
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Biogas Regions: Train the Trainers Seminar, Wolpertshausen, Germany, 28-29 November 2007
Steel digester
combination of material: steel
/stainless steel
Reactor: ring in ringbeton container
Biogasanlage
Kompakt 150
Gesellschaft für umweltschonende Technologie
150 kW Gasmotor
Fermenter:
1.000 m³Arbeitsvolmen
Nachgär-lager:
2.200 m³
Vorgrube
75 m³
Gasspeicher200 m³
Fahrsilos
Biogasplant
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Biogas Regions: Train the Trainers Seminar, Wolpertshausen, Germany, 28-29 November 2007
Automatical feed-in by gear
pump, several times per day
Retention time
aprox. 15 days
Cereal,
maize corn
Mill /Squezee
Process water
Biomassstorage
Lactic acidfermentationpH value 4500m3 volume =Aprox. 350tcereals
50% DS
Lipp biogas system
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Biogas Regions: Train the Trainers Seminar, Wolpertshausen, Germany, 28-29 November 2007
Dry fermentation systems with percolationDry fermentation systems with percolation
Source: BEKON, 2002
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Biogas Regions: Train the Trainers Seminar, Wolpertshausen, Germany, 28-29 November 2007
GarageGarage typetype digester digester
Source: BEKON, 2002
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Biogas Regions: Train the Trainers Seminar, Wolpertshausen, Germany, 28-29 November 2007
Comparison between dry and wet fermentationComparison between dry and wet fermentation
more problematicLess problematic (batch process)Hygiene
Liquid manure technologyDung and/or compost technologyTech. application
HighLowEmissions
lowhighEnergy density
High (homogenization)Low (Recirculation of percolat )Process energy
Whole digester affectedonly single module affectedFailure
complex, multi-stages continuous
processes
Modular, 1-stage batch processPlant
Formation of sink-, swimming
layers and foam
Not applicableInterferences
HomogenisationRecirculation of percolat, flow, pre-
mixture
Technique
Pumpable susbstrate
(max. 13 % VS)
Fermentable substrate
( max 50 % VS)
Substrate
Liquid fermentationSolid fermentationCriteria
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Biogas Regions: Train the Trainers Seminar, Wolpertshausen, Germany, 28-29 November 2007