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8/13/2019 01 System Description of BTS3002C
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Huawei Technologies Proprietary
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Chapter 1 Introduction.................................................................................................................. 1-1Chapter 2 Features........................................................................................................................ 2-1
2.1 Product Key Technology....................................................................................................2-12.2 Environment Adaptability ................................................................................................... 2-12.3 O&M Function.................................................................................................................... 2-2
Chapter 3 Product Description .................................................................................................... 3-13.1 Product Appearance.......................................................................................................... 3-13.2 Hardware Structure............................................................................................................ 3-13.3 System Architecture........................................................................................................... 3-2
3.3.1 Main Control Subsystem......................................................................................... 3-23.3.2 Transceiver Subsystem........................................................................................... 3-43.3.3 Heating Subsystem................................................................................................. 3-83.3.4 Power Supply Subsystem ....................................................................................... 3-8
Chapter 4 Functions...................................................................................................................... 4-14.1 Basic Functions.................................................................................................................. 4-14.2 Digital Trunking Function................................................................................................... 4-2
4.2.1 VGCS ...................................................................................................................... 4-24.2.2 VBS ......................................................................................................................... 4-24.2.3 Fast Group Call Setup............................................................................................. 4-24.2.4 Late Entry................................................................................................................ 4-24.2.5 eMLPP..................................................................................................................... 4-24.2.6 Late Group Channel Assignment............................................................................ 4-34.2.7 Assigned Channel Supervision ............................................................................... 4-34.2.8 Voice Private Call Service....................................................................................... 4-34.2.9 PTT Preemption...................................................................................................... 4-34.2.10 Talker Identification............................................................................................... 4-34.2.11 Half Rate Group Call ............................................................................................. 4-34.2.12 Late A Interface CIC Assignment.......................................................................... 4-34.2.13 800M Band Supported and 800M Hopping........................................................... 4-44.2.14 Reserved Channel ................................................................................................ 4-44.2.15 Trunking Emergency Call...................................................................................... 4-44.2.16 Fall Back................................................................................................................ 4-54.2.17 Stand Alone........................................................................................................... 4-5
4.3 Networking Functions ........................................................................................................ 4-54.3.1 E1 Networking......................................................................................................... 4-54.3.2 SDH Networking...................................................................................................... 4-6
Table of Contents
System DescriptioniSite BTS3002C Integrated Mini BTS Table of Contents
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4.3.3 Combined Networking............................................................................................. 4-74.4 Radio Network Functions................................................................................................... 4-7
4.4.1 Diversity Receiving.................................................................................................. 4-74.4.2 RF Hopping ............................................................................................................. 4-7
4.4.3 Power Control.......................................................................................................... 4-84.4.4 Uplink Frequency Scanning .................................................................................... 4-8
Chapter 5 O&M System................................................................................................................. 5-15.1 O&M Functions.................................................................................................................. 5-1
5.1.1 Security Management ............................................................................................. 5-15.1.2 Alarm Management................................................................................................. 5-15.1.3 Maintenance Management...................................................................................... 5-15.1.4 Performance Measurement and Test ..................................................................... 5-2
5.2 O&M Structure ................................................................................................................... 5-25.2.1 Overview ................................................................................................................. 5-25.2.2 Local Maintenance.................................................................................................. 5-35.2.3 Remote Maintenance.............................................................................................. 5-4
Chapter 6 Reliability Design......................................................................................................... 6-16.1 System Reliability Design .................................................................................................. 6-1
6.1.1 System Fault Monitoring and Handling................................................................... 6-16.1.2 Derate Design ......................................................................................................... 6-16.1.3 Temperature Design ............................................................................................... 6-16.1.4 Electromagnetic Compatibility Design .................................................................... 6-16.1.5 Reliability Design for Input Voltage......................................................................... 6-26.1.6 Reliability Design for Fault Detection...................................................................... 6-2
6.2 Hardware Reliability Design............................................................................................... 6-26.2.1 Inverse Connection Indication................................................................................. 6-26.2.2 Avoiding Misplugging for Cable Connectors ........................................................... 6-26.2.3 Signal Protection..................................................................................................... 6-26.2.4 Reliability Design for RF Cables ............................................................................. 6-3
6.3 Software Reliability Design ................................................................................................ 6-36.3.1 Fault Isolation Feature ............................................................................................ 6-36.3.2 Operational Security................................................................................................ 6-3
Chapter 7 Technical Indices......................................................................................................... 7-1
7.1 Overall Engineering Indices............................................................................................... 7-17.2 Overall Performance Indices ............................................................................................. 7-37.3 External Physical Interfaces .............................................................................................. 7-4
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System DescriptioniSite BTS3002C Integrated Mini BTS Chapter 1 Introduction
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Chapter 1 Introduction
This document is prepared to lay a foundation for understanding Huawei Base
Transceiver Station 3002C (BTS3002C). Huawei BTS3002C not only fulfils the
technical parameters indicated in the "PHASE 2/PHASE 2+" series of
recommendations under the responsibility of the GSM Technical Committee of the
European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI), but also provides the digital
trunking function.
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System DescriptioniSite BTS3002C Integrated Mini BTS Chapter 2 Features
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Chapter 2 Features
BTS3002C is the 2nd
generation of Huawei mini BTS, whose performance and feature
design are much better than the common micro-cells.
2.1 Product Key Technology
It is an outdoor mini BTS with small size and light weight, so it involves low cost
and can greatly save construction investment.
Its Max. transmission power is 20W and it supports dual-TS wide coverage.
It supports single and dual carrier configuration, and adopts modular RF structure. With imbedded optical transmission, it supports SDH loop networking
self-protection and provides one channel of dedicated E1 to other devices.
It supports Abis transmission bypass and greatly enhances networking stability.
It supports TS frequency hopping and diversity receiving with high receiving
sensitivity.
It supports BTS power-off alarm report when UPS and battery are not utilized
(from the alarm report, transmission disconnection and BTS power-off can be
differentiated).
It supports GPRS, supports CS3/CS4 radio channel-coding methods. So it can
realize the smooth migration from 2G to 2.5G.
It supports uplink frequency scanning function for network optimization.
2.2 Environment Adaptability
BTS3002C is an outdoor mini BTS with strong environment adaptability.
Fully obturated and integrated architecture. It has strong capability for resisting
water, dust, moist, salt (acid) smog, mould and sunshine radiation.
Wide voltage range. It can work normally within the voltage range 150 ~ 300V AC
and -40V DC ~ -60V DC.
Flexible working temperature range. When the AC/DC PSU is adopted,
BTS3002C can work normally under the temperature -40C ~ +55C
(environment temperature). When the DC/DC PSU is adopted, BTS3002C can
work normally under the temperature -20C ~ +55C (environment temperature).
Strong lightning protection capability. It is designed with imbedded lightning
protection board and attached power lightning protection box.
Flexible installation mode. It can be installed on the wall, mast, tower or telegraph
pole etc.
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Battery power supply supported. Battery power supply can prolong power supply
duration when public power supply is halted.
2.3 O&M FunctionBTS3002C can perform the following O&M functions: software downloading, BTS
object attribute configuration management, equipment management and running state
monitoring.
Local end maintenance. It provides Man Machine Interface (MMI), and
implements maintenance, monitoring and management to all objects of the BTS
through the local maintenance console.
Remote end maintenance. O&M network is built up in the GSM system. The
authorized user can use any workstation in the network via the remote
maintenance console to perform remote O&M to BTS NEs in the system.
System state monitoring. It provides system running indices indication, resource
state indication, local cell configuration and state indication.
Security management. It provides user login authentication, command authority
restriction, unsecured operation indication and user group management.
Test, including function self-test and loop test.
Office monitoring. It provides data collecting and transmission channels for room
monitoring equipment to ensure unattended BTS with centralized monitoring.
Upgrading. It automatically checks the system for upgrading, system upgrading
can be performed via remote loading and the system can be restored to itsprevious version if system upgrading fails.
1-minute start-up: 1-minute start-up function greatly facilitates routine
maintenance of the equipment.
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Chapter 3 Product Description
3.1 Product Appearance
BTS3002C is designed according to IEC297 standards.
Size: Height%Width%Depth = 700mm%460mm%360mm
The appearance is shown in Figure 3-1.
Figure 3-1 BTS3002C appearance
3.2 Hardware Structure
BTS3002C is composed of 4 units, 1 Main Control Unit (MCU), 2 Digital RF Unit (DRU)
and 1 Power Supply Unit (PSU), as shown in Figure 3-2.
PSU provides power supply to the system and there is a power supply module in it.
DRU provides the receiving and transmitting of carrier and baseband processing
function. It is composed of iSite TRansceiver Unit (ITRU), iSite Power Amplifier
Unit (IPAU), iSite Power Filter Unit (IPFU), iSite Duplexer Filter Unit (IDFU) and
heating board.
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MCU provides interfaces for O&M and transmission and is composed of iSite
Operation and Maintenance Unit (IOMU), iSite Access SDH (IASU), iSite
LightningProof Unit (ILPU) and heating board.
PSU DRU MCU DRU
Figure 3-2 BTS3002C under full configuration
3.3 System Architecture
BTS3002C is composed of 5 subsystems, power supply subsystem, main control
subsystem, transceiver subsystem, antenna and feeder subsystem and heating
subsystem, as shown in Figure 3-3.
IOMU IBBU
ILPU
Heating subsystem
Power supply
subsystem
Antenna
andfeedersub
system
Um
IPAUE1
220VAC
BTS3002C
Abis
MMI
IASU
Tx
Rx
ITRU
Transceiver subsystemMain control subsystem
E1
SDH
ILPU: LightningProof Unit IASU: iSite Access SDH IBBU: iSite BaseBand UnitITRU: iSite Operation and
Maintenance Unit
IOMU: iSite Operation and
Maintenance Unit
IPAU: iSite Power
Amplifier UnitFigure 3-3 BTS3002C system architecture
3.3.1 Main Control Subsystem
Main control subsystem is composed of IOMU, IASU, ILPU and the backplane IBMU
(iSite BTS3002C Motherboard Unit). It provides the following functions:
Provides periodic alignment signal.
Provides communication with O&M.
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Provides basic clocks to other subsystems and modules.
Implements conversion between SDH and E1.
Signal lightning protection function.
Signaling processing and resource management.
I. Operation and Maintenance Unit
IOMU is the interface and control unit of BTS3002C and integrates the following 4
functions: O&M function, BTS clock source function, BTS transmission interface
function and O&M cavity interface function.
O&M module accomplishes the O&M of the whole BTS.
BTS clock module provides reference clock signals to BTS transmission interface
module, O&M module and DRU.
BTS transmission interface module provides necessary timing calibration signal toBTS clock module and OML (Operation & Maintenance Link) and HDLC (HDLC,
High-speed Digital Link Channel) to O&M module.
O&M cavity provides O&M interface to users, including internal running status
indicator, MMI, system debugging port and transmission mode selection.
In addition, IOMU also includes an iSite Power Supply Unit (IPSU), whose power
comes from the 27V of the power supply module. After DC/DC conversion, it can be
converted to multiple power supply such as !8V, +5V and +3.3V to supply power to
boards of the system. Moreover, IPSU respectively provides one channel of backup
+5V and +3.3V power supply, so power supply to IMOU and IASU can be sustained
temporarily to support alarm report when AC power supply is cut off.
II. Access SDH Unit
IASU supports 2M interface to accomplish mini BTS embedded SDH transmission. It
can be flexibly configured as terminal multiplexer or add/drop multiplexer. With this unit,
combined networking can be implemented, including ring networking, link networking,
point-to-point network topology and other more complex networking such as star
networking, tangency ring networking, intersecting ring networking, ring-link combined
networking etc. It has powerful channel protection and multiplexing segment protection
function.
III. LightningProof Unit
ILPU accomplishes the conversion of external signals (E1 signal and alarm signals)
from external interfaces to IOMU, and the lightningproof and current limitation of the 2
channels of E1 signals and 5 channels of alarm signals of IOMU. The E1 signal
lightningproof module on the IOMU is serial connected to E1 signal cable and the alarm
signal lightningproof module is parallel connected to alarm signal cable so that lightning
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current will not enter the board via E1 or alarm cable and strong lightning current can be
led to GND cables when the BTS is struck with lightning.
IV. BTS3002C Motherboard Unit
IBMU transmits power and data signals with strong anti-interference capability and
reduces the quantity of the cables required.
3.3.2 Transceiver Subsystem
Transceiver subsystem is composed of ITRU and IPAU and provides signal baseband
processing and RF processing functions as detailed in the following.
Channel encoding and decoding, interleaving and de-interleaving, digital
modulation and demodulation, speech encryption and decryption and rateadaptation.
Frequency hopping, power control and temperature detection.
Accomplish mapping between logic and physical channels.
Accomplish intra-cell and inter-cell handover.
Signal up/down frequency conversion, filtering and amplifying.
Provide transmission RF signal between transceiver subsystem and antenna and
feeder subsystem.
Circuit self-check.
Alarm collection.
I. Transceiver Subsystem Works Process
Transceiver subsystem works according to the following process:
Uplink: Transceiver subsystem receives radio signals from antenna and feeder
subsystem, which are converted into analog intermediate frequency signals after
balanced amplifying and mixed frequency filtering. Then, after A/D sampling, these
signals are conversed into digital intermediate frequency signals, which further become
baseband signals after digital down-convert, receiving filtering and digit automatic gain
control. After balancing, these signals are sent to BSC via transmission subsystemafter demodulation, decryption, de-interleaving, channel coding and rate adaptation.
Downlink: Transceiver subsystem receives data from BSC via main control subsystem.
Then after A/D conversion, speech encoding, channel encoding, interleaving, TDMA
burst pulse is generated. Then, after encryption, GMSK modulation, D/A conversion,
low-pass filtering, I/Q analog signals are generated. Then, I/Q analog signals are
transmitted to transmitting carrier after orthogonal modulation. Then, they are sent to power
amplifier to be amplified into a certain level after amplifying and filtering. Finally, they are
transmitted via antenna and feeder subsystem.
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II. Transceiver Unit
ITRU is composed of Tx unit, Rx unit and iSite BaseBand Unit (IBBU). Tx unit
accomplishes the modulation from baseband signals to RF signals, and also executes
RF frequency hopping and signal driving. Rx is responsible for RF signal demodulation,
frequency hopping and diversity receiving and bypass. IBBU implements all baseband
processing functions of all duplex channels in one TDMA frame, including signaling
processing, channel coding/decoding, interleaving/de-interleaving and demodulation.
IBBU also supports speech services, data services and GPRS services specified by
Phase 2.
III. Power Amplify UnitIPAU accomplishes the amplifying of RF output signals and supports the static and
dynamic power control of BTS3002C.
IV. Antenna and Feeder Subsystem
Antenna and feeder subsystem is composed of IDFU, attached combiner, antenna and
feeder.
V. Duplexer Filter UnitIDFU includes 1 duplexer and 1 diversity receiving filter and they are integrated into
one module. The Rx/Tx port of the module is designed with waterproof technique, so itfeatures low insertion loss and high suppression. IDFU is used to isolate the
transmitting and receiving of RF signals, and suppress transmitting/receiving outband
spuriousness and external interference signals. With IDFU, the number of antenna
used can be reduced.
Figure 3-4, Figure 3-5, Figure 3-6 and Figure 3-7, illustrate how IDFU implements
various antenna and feeder configurations. In these figures, DUP means duplexer, FIL
means diversity receiving filter, LNA means Low Noise Amplifier, RXm means main
receiver, and RXd means diversity receiver. Whether omni antenna or directional
antenna will be configured depends on actual implementation.
Figure 3-4shows the configuration of single carrier (dual feeder). As shown in the
figure, there are 3 antenna feeder port in IDFU, Tx/Rx duplex port (Tx/Rx_ANT),
diversity Rx port (Rx_ANT) and jumper port when one carrier of the dual carrier is
mutually the other's diversity (Rx_OUT).
This type of configuration is applicable to O1 and S1 sites. For O1 site, the antenna can
be two omni-directional ones; for S1 site, the antenna can be two unipolar ones or a
bipolar one. If the two carriers of BTS3002C adopt this configuration, this site can
become a S (1/1) site.
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IPAU DUP
FIL
RXm
RXd
IDFU
ITRU
TX/RXA
RXB
X
XLNA
X in the figure means antenna and feeder output port, so does it in the next 3 figures.
Figure 3-4 Configuration of single carrier (dual feeder)
Figure 3-5shows the configuration of single carrier (single feeder). Single antenna can
be adopted to reduce the number of antenna. Under this configuration, internaldiversity can be achieved if jumper port and diversity Rx port are connected, which has
been proved by experiment that the sensitivity of antenna are improved by 1dB.
This type of configuration is also applicable to O1 and S1 sites. Its difference from the
single carrier (dual feeder) is that the only one omni-directional antenna or a directional
unipolar antenna is enough for setting up the O1 or S1 site. S (1/1) site can also be
configured by adopting this configuration for the two carriers.
IPAU DUP
FIL
RXm
RXd
IDFU
ITRU
TX/RX
X
Figure 3-5 Configuration of single carrier (single feeder)
Figure 3-6 shows the configuration of dual carrier (dual feeder). This type of
configuration is applicable to O2 and S2 sites. For O2 site, the antenna can be two
directional ones; for S2 site, the antenna can be two directional unipolar ones.
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IPAU DUP
FIL
RXmA
RXdA
IDFU
ITRU
TXA/RXA
IPAU DUP
FIL
RXmB
RXdB
IDFU
ITRU
TXB/RXB
X
X
Figure 3-6 Configuration of dual carrier (dual feeder)
Attached combiner combines (806MHz ~ 866MHz) is optional, and it can saves number
of antenna and feeders.
Figure 3-7 shows the configuration of dual carrier (single feeder) with attachedcombiner. This type of configuration is also applicable to O2 and S2 site. Its difference
from the dual carriers (dual feeder) configuration is that only one omni-directional or
directional unipolar antenna is enough to set up the O2 or S2 site since the external
combiner is adopted.
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IPAU DUP
FIL
RXmA
RXdA
IDFU
ITRU
TXA/RXA
IPAU DUP
FIL
RXmB
RXdB
IDFU
ITRU
TXB/RXB
TX/RX
Combiner X
Figure 3-7 The configuration of dual carrier (single feeder)
Antenna is the end point of signal transmitting and the beginning point of receiving,
including omni antenna and directional antenna. The type, gain, coverage direction and
front-to-rear ratio of the antenna determine system performance, so network designers
select the type of the antenna required according to such parameters as traffic and
coverage etc.
Feeder transmits the uplink and downlink signals between the transceiver and antenna
via low-loss RF cables.
3.3.3 Heating Subsystem
Heating subsystem includes temperature control circuit and film heating board. Film
heating board can raise the temperature of the environment when the internal
temperature of the BTS becomes too low so that the mini BTS can still work under the
temperature of -40C. MCU and DRU get heated independently.
3.3.4 Power Supply Subsystem
Power supply subsystem is composed of power module and supplies power to boards
of other subsystem. There are two types of power module: AC/DC PSU and DC/DC
PSU.
After converting the input 220V AC into +27V DC, AC/DC PSU supplies power to power
amplifier module and film heating board, supplies input power to IPSU part on IMOU, as
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well as provides one channel of +27V backup power (used when AC is cut off) and one
channel of +5V temperature-controlled circuit power.
After converting the input 220V AC into +27V DC, DC/DC PSU supplies power to power
amplifier module, and supplies input power to IPSU part on IMOU.
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Chapter 4 Functions
4.1 Basic Functions
Integrated mini BTS has the following basic functions:
Support GSM services
Phase II+ all data services prescribed
GPRS basic services
Phase I/Phase II /Phase II+ compatible LAPDm protocol
CS-1/CS-2/CS-3/CS-4 radio channel-coding methods. Phase I/Phase II/ Phase II+ compatible system message broadcasting and
resource indication
Support Abis bypass
Enhanced full rate (EFR) speech coding scheme with better speech quality
Data service: including transparent transmission of 9.6k, 4.8k, 2.4k,
non-transparent transmission of 12kbit/s (9.6k), 6kbit/s (4.8kbit/s), faxing and
WWW browsing), point-to-point short message and cell short message
broadcasting.
16KBIT/S and 64KBIT/S signaling traffic.
Paging queue
A5/1 and A5/2 encryption/decryption
Basic data dynamic configuration
Dynamic resource management
Measurement report preprocessing
Immediate assignment combination and paging combination, boosting the radio
channel usage
Discontinuous transmission(DTX) and Discontinuous Reception(DRX) enhancing
the anti-interference ability
Omnidirectional cell and directional cell. It supports O1, O2, S1, S2, S1/1, S1/1/1,S2/2 and S2/2/2 site configuration mode.
Support locked, fast capture, track (normal), hold-over and free-run clock modes
Synchronous handover, asynchronous handover
Um interface tracing and inner interface tracing
Local and remote software downloading
Satellite transmission function
Static and dynamic power control
Directly optical transmission
Support star, tree, chain and ring networking
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4.2 Digital Trunking Function
Huawei GSM-T BTS3002C supports the following digital trunking functions:
4.2.1 VGCS
Service subscribers can become group members on a PLMN wide basis to one or more
groups pre-defined in the network by a corresponding group identification (group ID).
The membership enables them to initiate or receive voice group calls associated with
that group ID. Certain dispatchers connected to external networks also require the
capability to initiate or receive voice group calls.
4.2.2 VBS
Service subscribers can become group members on a PLMN wide basis to one or more
groups pre-defined in the network by a corresponding group identification (group ID).
The membership enables them to receive voice broadcast calls associated with that
group ID. In addition, certain group members are entitled by their subscription to initiate
voice broadcast calls. Certain dispatchers connected to external networks also require
the capability to initiate or receive voice broadcast calls.
4.2.3 Fast Group Call Setup
The function is based on the eMLPP function. If a group subscribes the service, the
system adopts fast group call setup process to set up a group call.
4.2.4 Late Entry
The process of broadcasting messages on NCHs is to be carried out throughout the
call in order to provide the facility whereby group members entering the area can join
the call.
4.2.5 eMLPP
The enhanced Multi-Level Precedence and Pre-emption service (eMLPP) provides
different levels of precedence for call set-up and for call continuity in case of handover.
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inter-group subscriber will not occupy A interface circuit. So the A interface circuits will
be saved.
4.2.13 800M Band Supported and 800M Hopping
The BSS supports the T-GSM 800M frequency band: 806MHz-821MHz(MS
transmitting, BTS receiving); 851MHz-866MHz(BTS transmitting, MS receiving) the
duplex distance is 45MHz.
Hopping can decrease the interference effectively. GT800 support the hopping of the
group call channel and improve the performance of the anti-interference.
4.2.14 Reserved Channel
The TCH channels can be reserved for a specific Enterprise, only the subscribers in the
specific Enterprise can use these TCH channels, other subscribers cannot use these
TCH channels, so that the service originated by the specific Enterprise subscriber can
get the TCH immediately.
4.2.15 Trunking Emergency Call
The enterprise manager assigns an address for each member of the enterprise, this
address can be group ID or one or two common telephone number. When the
subscriber originates the trunking emergency call by pushing the emergency call button,
the network will connect this emergency call to this emergency address.
1) If this emergency address is a group ID, the network will originate a group call as
the subscriber is a dispatcher.
2) If this emergency address is one common telephone number, the network will
originate a common point to point call.
3) If this emergency address is two common telephone number, there is two way for
the network to connect them, one way is connecting them one by one, the other
way is connecting them at the same time,
If the subscriber selects the one by one way, the network will connect to the first
number if the network gets answer from the first telephone number. or else the
network will try to connect the second telephone number.
If the subscriber selects the at the same time way, the network will try to connect
these two common telephone numbers at the same time, and it will connect to the
telephone number which answer first, and the other telephone number will be
released.
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4.2.16 Fall Back
When the transmission is interrupted between BTS and BSC, the BTS will work in fall
back mode. BTS with fall back mode will support base function like VGCS, VBS, uplinktime limit. The fall back mode support one cell or multi-cell in the BTS. When the
transmission is ok, the fall back BTS will work like normal.
4.2.17 Stand Alone
The BTS can work without BSC and NSS. The BTS in stand alone mode can support
VGCS, VBS.
4.3 Networking Functions
4.3.1 E1 Networking
BTS3002C supports star, chain, ring and tree networking that are shown respectively in
Figure 4-1, Figure 4-2, Figure 4-3and Figure 4-4. In these figures, each line stands for
E1 cables. The maximum limitation of the cascading level is 5 for the chain networking
mode.
I. Star Networking
BSC
BTS3002C
BTS3002C
BTS3002C
Figure 4-1 BTS3002C star networking mode
II. Chain Networking
BSC BTS3002C BTS3002C BTS3002C
Figure 4-2 BTS3002C chain networking mode
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III. Ring Networking
BSC BTSBTS BTS
Figure 4-3 BTS3002C E1 ring networking
IV. Tree Networking
BSC
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
Figure 4-4 BTS3002C E1 tree networking
4.3.2 SDH Networking
SDH networking supports both chain and ring modes. Two modes of SDH networking
are shown in Figure 4-5and Figure 4-6. In these figures, each single line stands for E1
cables and a pair of lines stands for optical fibers. The maximum limitation of the
cascading level is 5 for the chain networking mode.
BTS3002C BTS3002CBSCOptical
transceiver
Figure 4-5 BTS3002C chain networking
BTS3002C BTS3002CBSCOpticaltransceiver BTS3002C
Figure 4-6 BTS3002C ring networking
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4.3.3 Combined Networking
Combined networking can be adopted for BTS3002C. Under combined networking
mode, SDH link networking is adopted for Abis interface and E1 cascaded networkingis adopted for circuit side, as shown in Figure 4-7, in which, each single line means E1
cables and each double lines means optical fibers.
BSCOpticaltransceiver BTS3002C BTS3002C BTS3002C
BTS3002C BTS3002C
Figure 4-7 BTS3002C combined networking
4.4 Radio Network Functions
4.4.1 Diversity Receiving
A radio channel is a random time-variable channel with fading features, while the
diversity receiving technology is an effective anti-fading technology. Radio signals that
are transmitted to RX through radio channels are combination of various multi-path
components. These signals carry the same message and are featured with irrelevant
random fading characteristics. By the diversity receiving technology, these signals can
be combined into general receiving signals so as to diminish the effect caused by
fading.
The diversity receiving methods include frequency diversity, time diversity, polarity
diversity and space diversity. In BTS3002C, polarity diversity, space diversity and
frequency diversity are used to diminish the signal fading.
4.4.2 RF Hopping
Frequency hopping is an important method to improve the performance of a BTS. It
cannot only improve the anti-fading ability of up- and down-link channels, but also
improve the security in communications. BTS3002C, introducing dynamic loop
bandwidth technology and PingPong handover technology, performs real-time
switchover between two clock synthesizers to implement RF hopping. This method of
RF hopping implementation is highly reliable and lowers the requirement for the speed
of clock synthesizers.
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4.4.3 Power Control
The BTS power control can be adjusted by BSC to ensure MS stable receiving signal
strength. As a result, interference between neighboring channels and BTS powerconsumption can be decreased. BTS3002C supports both static and dynamic power
control.
The BTS3002C static power class is divided into 11 levels (0 ~ 10 level, 2dB/level), and
the maximum output power of BTS is 0 level. For example, if the maximum transmit
power of the BTS3002C is 20W, then 0 level corresponds to 43dBm and the 10 level
corresponds to 23dBm.
BTS dynamic power control is a fine tuning operation based on the static power control
and the class of it is divided into 15 levels (0 ~ 15) level, level 0 is the same as that of
static power control). Ifthe current maximum transmit power is set to be Pm, then the
dynamic power control range will be Pm ~ (Pm-30) dBm. When the maximum value of
dynamic power control cannot meet relevant requirement, static power control level
should be adjusted to correspondingly increase the maximum magnitude of output
power of the dynamic power control.
4.4.4 Uplink Frequency Scanning
Uplink frequency scanning is a special network function of BTS3002C. To know the
frequency interference of coverage area for network optimization, downlink frequencycan be easily get from the test MS, while it is more complicated to get the uplink
frequency. Therefore, BTS3002C provides uplink frequency scanning function to scan
uplink frequency for uplink data quality control according to network optimization
parameter configuration by utilizing idle TSs of the frequency.
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Chapter 5 O&M System
5.1 O&M Functions
BTS3002C O&M system provides the user with powerful O&M functions in
consideration of the users requirements in equipment performance and maintenance.
These functions include: security management, alarm management, maintenance
management, performance measurement and test, etc.
5.1.1 Security Management
In view of various remote maintenance operations implemented by the O&M system,
the system provides powerful security management system to execute O&M control
over the equipment in order to avoid unauthorized operations which may affect normal
performance of the equipment.
The user must log in and go through authentication before performing O&M to
BTS3002C. The system provides an authorization system with multiple levels to ensure
that only authorized users can execute relevant commands for O&M. Meanwhile,
dialog boxes are prompted before any important O&M command is executed to getconfirmation for the potential problems due to the operations
5.1.2 Alarm Management
BTS3002C O&M system provides highlighted alarm windows and powerful real-time
alarm management functions, such as collection, clearing, query, processing, saving,
explanation, prompting, shielding, filtering, acknowledging, analyzing, etc. Besides, it
also provides on-line help information system and stage filtering system to help the
user with quick fault location. It also provides alarm recovery methods.
5.1.3 Maintenance Management
The operation & maintenance center (OMC) implements management over the whole
BSS through BSC. Each entity in BTS can perform check and location functions for
internal errors so that BSC can implement maintenance to BTS without knowing the
internal structure of each entity.
The O&M system can monitor and query the states of boards and the system, keeping
the user aware of the system running states. It supports automatic backup of data with
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backup time intervals and directory being customized. It also supports reset of key
parts and in-service loading and activation of equipment software.
5.1.4 Performance Measurement and Test
The O&M system can implement performance measurement and test to the equities so
as to collect BTS running states data and perform accurate analysis on the running
states.
It supports real-time monitoring to partial resources of BTS3002C that can be displayed
in graphics, facilitating fault location or performance measurement analysis for the user.
These resources include CPU occupancy, RAM occupancy, etc.
Test functions that BTS3002C provides include:
I. Carrier Channel Test
Idle burst test
TRX loop test
II. Functional Objects Self-test Site self-test
Cell self-test
Carrier self-test
Board self-test
5.2 O&M Structure
5.2.1 Overview
BTS3002C is managed by BSC and it is connected after being routed to the upper level
network management system (NM system) through Q3/core database interface, or to
iManager integrated NM system. Both NM systems implement overall O&M to the
equipment to help the user with O&M management.
BTS3002C provides two maintenance modes: local maintenance and remote
maintenance (as shown in Figure 5-1). The maintenance system uses an O&M
interface with unique navigation tree technology, taking full advantage of the visualized
and easy-to-memorize graphical user interface (GUI). The user interfaces of both
modes are similar, providing highly visualized equipment panel view.
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Local Maintenance
Console
Remote Maintenance
Console
MMI
MMI
BTS
BTS
BSC
Abis
Abis
OMC
Server
Hub
Remote Maintenance
Console
Figure 5-1 Remote and local maintenance
5.2.2 Local Maintenance
Local maintenance refers to the maintenance mode in which PCs are connected to
BTS3002C by serial port lines and implement maintenance operations to the BTS.
The local maintenance console can only be accessed after the local maintenance
software is installed in PCs. The BTS local maintenance is carried out based on
different objects of the BTS, which include site, cell, carrier, baseband and board.
Real-time alarm messages can also be obtained at the same time. Functions of local
maintenance include:
Board software loading and activation. BTS3002C will perform centralizedmanagement over the software versions. While the user will choose the software
version to be run.
Set attributes for BTS, carrier and channels, and partial extension attributes for the
air interface.
Board and BTS reset.
Query for versions of software and hardware (some boards).
Communicate with UPS via specific interface and manage backup power supply.
Usage states of some BTS3002C resources being real-time monitored are
displayed in graphics to facilitate fault location and performance diagnosis. The
states include CPU occupancy, RAM occupancy, etc.
The board maintenance interface displays a real physical map of the mini BTS
equipment facilitating the users check on the running state of the BTS. Real-time
display of board states and relevant query control concerning the circuit board is
also provided.
Function self-test and loop test for faults in communication loops.
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5.2.3 Remote Maintenance
Remote maintenance is performed through OMC. PCs are connected to BSC via OMC
network and are connected subsequently to BTS via the Abis interface.
The remote maintenance console can only be accessed via OMC Shell of the work
station (WS). The user interface of the BTS remote maintenance system is in
topological structure, where names, categories, locations, numbers, equipment types
and running states (normal, alarm, etc.) of all NEs in the mobile network can be
browsed. The user can specify a NE to be maintained and check detailed performance
data, alarm data and configuration data. He is also supposed to implement O&M to
certain type of NEs via the topological map.
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Chapter 6 Reliability Design
6.1 System Reliability Design
6.1.1 System Fault Monitoring and Handling
The system is able to perform auto detect and software and hardware fault diagnosis,
and report alarms. It can record and print the fault information, and can collect UPS
state information.
The board protection mechanism is adopted in BTS3002C, which ensures timely reset
of the whole system for self-healing when a program is in abnormal operation.
There are temperature monitoring subsystem and heat subsystem in BTS3002C.
When the temperature is too low, the heating board will start automatically to heat the
whole BTS. While when the inside temperature is too high, relevant alarm will be
reported until the power supply module initiates shutdown of the BTS due to high
temperature.
6.1.2 Derate Design
For high-power parts and overheating parts, their rated power should be derated.
Therefore, the electric stress and thermal stress these parts bear in practice will be
lower than the rated values, and their parameter degeneration can be suspended and
life can be prolonged.
6.1.3 Temperature Design
The product is designed (through selection of parts, circuit and structure design and
heat-sink design) to work reliably in a wide range of temperature avoiding effect on
product performance due to temperature change.
6.1.4 Electromagnetic Compatibility Design
In this design, the equipment is supposed to avoid un-allowed degrading due to
electromagnetic emission of other equipment in the same environment. In the mean
time, it is not supposed to cause un-allowed degrading to other equipment, subsystems
or systems in the same environment due to its electromagnetic emission.
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6.1.5 Reliability Design for Input Voltage
BTS3002C uses broad voltage and has primary power supply inside. It allows an input
voltage range of 150 ~ 300V AC. Equipment will not get damaged during 350V ACinstantaneous input so that impact of power fluctuation upon the equipment can be
mitigated.
6.1.6 Reliability Design for Fault Detection
When DRU and heating board get faulty, faults can be detected and reported to the
background and fault detection rate reaches more than 90%. When MCU gets faulty,
major fault mode can be detected and corresponding alarms can be reported under the
condition that communication between BTS3002C and BSC or OMC is maintained.
6.2 Hardware Reliability Design
6.2.1 Inverse Connection Indication
When installing BTS3002C, if the receiving and transmitting ends of E1 or optical fiber
are inversely connected, the cable interface indicator will generate indication.
6.2.2 Avoiding Misplugging for Cable Connectors
Labels are stuck on the cable connectors with main labels stating manufacturers,
numbers, versions and other information to facilitate proper connections. Measures are
taken in the 220V three-phase power input connectors to avoid mispluging. Non-nude
connectors can be safely plugged into the power supply.
6.2.3 Signal Protection
To avoid effect to the chips caused by power fluctuation (at power-on or power-off
especially) all working power supplies in internal boards of BTS3002C will go throughstrict filtering process before being connected to the chips.
RS232 interface signal: use special protection device for RS232 interface
E1 transmission signal: protection on E1 transmission signal can be best
illustrated in lightning protection. BTS3002C employs asymmetry transient
depression diode to avoid damage to E1 cables caused by lightning.
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6.2.4 Reliability Design for RF Cables
The RF connector shell is reliably connected with the metal layer of structural part for
EMC after it is connected with shielding layer of cables. SMA connector is used toensure the reliable connection between sockets and plugs.
6.3 Software Reliability Design
6.3.1 Fault Isolation Feature
The software design is featured by the module fault isolation, which means faults that
occur in a software module are restricted in this module and should not originate faults
in other modules. The software has the ability of fault tolerance and correction. Minorfaults in software running will not initiate reset or restart of the system.
6.3.2 Operational Security
BTS3002C is easy to be connected. Its definite indications for performance and fault
can help with quick clearing of faults. The software for MMI and OMC is compatible with
indoor BTS with easy-to-use interface.
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Chapter 7 Technical Indices
7.1 Overall Engineering Indices
Table 7-1 BTS3002C overall engineering indices
Parameter name Indices
Cabinet size
(height%width%depth)
700mm%460mm%360mm
Weight 55kg
Single carrierconfiguration,uninterrupted working(power supply for thewhole cabinet)
No heating: 140W (-10C ~
+55C)
With heating: 400W (-20C ~
-10C)
Dual-carriersconfiguration,uninterrupted working(power supply for thewhole cabinet)
No heating: 260W (-19C ~
+55C)
With heating: 640W (-40C ~
-20C)
Power consumption
Single carrierconfiguration, lowtemperature startup(power supply for thewhole cabinet)
Startup when environment
temperature is at -40C ~
-5C, the consumption is440W. When the cabinetinternal temperature reaches
-5C, the consumption is400W. When the cabinetinternal temperature reaches
30C, the consumption is140W.
Startup when environment
temperature is at -5
C ~ 0
C,the consumption is 400W.When the cabinet internal
temperature reaches 30C,the consumption is 140W.
Startup when environment
temperature is above 0C, theconsumption is 140W.
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Parameter name Indices
Dual-carriersconfiguration, lowtemperature startup(power supply for thewhole cabinet)
Startup when environment
temperature is at -40C ~
-5C, the consumption is680W. When the cabinetinternal temperature reaches
-5C, the consumption is640W. When the cabinetinternal temperature reaches
30C, the consumption is260W.
Startup when environment
temperature is at -5C ~ 0C,the consumption is 640W.When the cabinet internal
temperature reaches 30C,
the consumption is 260W.
Startup when environment
temperature is above 0C, theconsumption is 260W.
Single carrierconfiguration (powersupply by priority)
No heating: 60W (-10C ~
+55C)
With heating: 200W (-40C ~
-10C)
Dual-carriersconfiguration (power
supply by priority)
No heating: 115W (-10C ~
+55C)
With heating: 255W (-40C ~
-10C)
Working environmenttemperature
Normal operation in -40 ~ 55C
Working environmentrelative humidity
5% ~ 100%
Clock
Frequency: 1.3%107Hz, ex-factory precision higher than
0.05ppm
Frequency feature:
(from0C to70C)
Annual aging rate:
Input power supplyWhen 220V AC input : 150 ~ 300V AC , 47 ~ 63Hz
When -48V DC input : -40V DC ~ -60V DC
Security performance Comply with IEC60950 standards
Anti-vibrationperformance
Comply with IEC Class 4M3 standards
Electromagneticcompatibility
Comply with ETS 300-342-3 standards
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Parameter name Indices
Waterproof anddustproofperformance
Comply with IP55 standards
7.2 Overall Performance Indices
Table 7-2 BTS3002C overall performance indices
Performancecategory
Parameter name Indices
Channel capacity 16CH/carrier
Frequency band 200kHz
R-GSM 900:
Uplink: 876 MHz to 915 MHz
Downlink: 921 MHz to 960 MHz
DCS 1800:
Uplink: 1,710 MHz to 1,785 MHz
Downlink: 1,805 MHz to1,880 MHz
System indices
Bandwidth
T-GSM 800:
Uplink: 806 MHz to 821 MHz
Downlink: 851 MHz to 866 MHz
Static receivingsensitivity
R-GSM 900:-110dBm
DCS 1800:-109dBm
Congestionfeatures
Comply with GSM11.21 specifications
Anti-interference
features Comply with GSM11.21 specifications
Intermodulationrejection
Comply with GSM11.21 specifications
Receivingperformance
Stray radiation Comply with GSM11.21 specifications
Max. transmitpower per carrier
Antenna feeder port43dBmTransmittingperformance
Static power controlrange
0 ~ 10 level
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Performancecategory
Parameter name Indices
Dynamic powercontrol range
0 ~ 15 level
Transmit powerabsolute precision
2 !0.5dB (normal temperature)
2 !1dB (all temperature)
Transmit spectrum Comply with GSM11.21 specifications
Intermodulationrejection
Comply with GSM11.21 specifications
Stray Radiation Comply with GSM11.21 specifications
Frequency error 0.05ppm
Phase error 5(rms)
20(peak)
7.3 External Physical Interfaces
Table 7-3 BTS3002C external physical interfaces
Interface name Type Quantity Functions
E1 2 pairs
Provide E1 interface of75/120
Support cascade
Provide operation andmaintenance link(OML)
Abis interface
STM-1 2 pairs
Provide SDH transmissionmode
Support cascade
Provide operation andmaintenance link(OML)
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Interface name Type Quantity Functions
Alarm interface ALARM 6
Dry connector alarminterface: supports reportingfour channels of dry
connector alarm signal
TTL level alarm: supportsone channel of TTL levelsignal alarm, for connectingexternal UPS alarm signal
485 port alarm: supports onechannel of duplexcommunication, forconnecting external alarmequipment such as alarmbox
FCLK 1 FCLK test portClock interface13MCLK 1 13MHz clock test port
MMI (J2) 1 Provide local maintenance
Network port(J1)
1 IOMU network portMaintenanceinterface
Network port(J6)
1IASU network port, providingmaintenance channels.
PowerSupply
1220V AC power input port
or -48V DC power input portPower supply andgrounding
Grounding 1220V AC grounding terminal
or -48V DC grounding terminal
Tx/Rx_ANT 1 Tx/Rx duplex port
Rx_ANT 1 Diversity Rx portAntenna and feedercable interface
Rx_OUT 1Jumper port when one of thedual carrier is mutually theother's diversity.
Note:
FCLK and 2M are multiplexed. When line clock is required to be tested on the BTS side,
FCLK can be set as default and they (either FCLK or 2M) can be switched through
operations on remote or local maintenance console.