01 Introduction 02 Starting and driving 03 Driver environment · 2020. 2. 18. · Reading the driver'shandbook Read through the driver'shandbook before driving the bus for the first

TABLE OF CONTENTS

01 IntroductionReading the driver's handbook .......... 2Volvo Action Service........................... 4

02 Starting and drivingDriver's responsibility.......................... 8Driving tips.......................................... 9Starting.............................................. 11Parking.............................................. 13Doors and hatches............................ 14

03 Driver environmentDriver's seat...................................... 18Steering wheel.................................. 19

TABLE OF CONTENTS

04 Instruments and controlsControls............................................. 22Instrument cluster............................. 28Display.............................................. 34Switches............................................ 46Gear selector.................................... 50Climate control.................................. 51Parking assistant............................... 55Destination sign................................ 56Tachograph....................................... 58

05 EquipmentInfotainment...................................... 62Camera............................................. 71Wheelchair lift................................... 72Toilet................................................. 78

06 Safety and emergency actionEmergency call................................. 84In case of fire.................................... 85Emergency exit................................. 86Equipment......................................... 87Recovery and towing........................ 90Punctures.......................................... 93Emergency starting........................... 96Emergency operation, gearbox......... 97Engine control panel......................... 98

TABLE OF CONTENTS

07 Maintenance and serviceDaily inspection of the bus.............. 102Fuelling........................................... 104Vehicle cleaning.............................. 106Wheels and tyres............................ 115Electrical system............................. 117Long term parking........................... 120Easier repairs.................................. 121

08 Fuel and emission controlFuel................................................. 124AdBlue............................................ 126Exhaust after treatment system...... 127Selective catalytic reduction............ 128Diesel particulate filter..................... 131Regeneration.................................. 132

09 Function descriptionsBrakes............................................. 138Gearbox.......................................... 142Batteries.......................................... 147

TABLE OF CONTENTS

10 Technical dataTechnical specifications.................. 152

01

Introduction

Reading the driver's handbook

Read through the driver's handbookbefore driving the bus for the first time. Itis important for the safety of thepassengers and other road users, aswell as maintaining the bus in workingcondition.The contents of this driver's handbookare determined by the equipment, thesystems and the functions of the bus (so-called chassis control). The bus' chassisnumber is printed at the bottom of eachpage. Due to the chassis control thedriver's handbook applies specifically forthe bus with this chassis number, and itshould be stored in the bus to which itbelongs.The table of contents at the beginning ofthe handbook provides an overview ofthe chapter structure and contents. Thealphabetical index at the back, allows forsearching directly by specificcharacteristics or functions.

AdmonitionsThe driver's manual uses the followinglevels of observation and warning texts.

DANGERIndicates a potentially dangerous situationthat, unless avoided, will lead to death orserious personal injury.

WARNINGIndicates a potentially dangerous situationthat, unless avoided, may lead to fatalinjury, serious personal injury or damageto the product.

CAUTIONIndicates a potentially dangerous situationthat unless avoided may lead to minor ormoderate personal injury or damage to theproduct.

NOTEIndicates a situation, use or circumstancethat should be emphasised.

WarningBreathing diesel engine exhaust exposesyou to chemicals known to the State ofCalifornia to cause cancer and birthdefects or other reproductive harm.• Always start and operate the engine

in a well-ventilated area. • If in an enclosed area, vent the

exhaust to the outside. • Do not modify or tamper with the

exhaust system. • Do not idle the engine except as

necessary.

For more information go towww.P65warnings.ca.gov/dieselLogged Vehicle Data (LVD)The vehicle is equipped with softwaresystems which record information aboutthe vehicle and how it is being used,such as information relating to mileage,speed, fuel consumption, selected gearand engine speed.The information is transferred to VolvoBus Corporation and is used for thepurposes of solving quality issues,proactive maintenance and diagnostics,product and services research anddevelopment, accident researchinvestigations and warranty, and contractor regulatory compliance surveillance.Volvo Bus Corporation, its affiliates andauthorized workshops may use theinformation.Questions regarding the use of theinformation can be directed to your localVolvo workshop or marketing company.Privacy Notice for Vehicle DataWhen you drive a truck, bus or coachsold or produced by companiesbelonging to the Volvo Group, thevehicle generates data that thesecompanies may retrieve and process.Such data may include personal datarelating to you as a driver.

01In

trod

ucti

on

2

Reading the driver's handbook

The data is processed by the VolvoGroup to develop and enhance ourcompanies’ products and services. TheVolvo Group companies may processany personal data for the purposes as adata controller under the EU GeneralData Protection Regulation. The legalground for processing is based on theVolvo Group companies’ legitimateinterests or, in some cases, the need tocomply with legislation.We would like you to be fully informedabout how the Volvo Group companiesmay process the data, as well as yourrights. We recognize the individual’srights in relation to data processingactivities, and take those rights seriously.We shall always be transparent aboutwhat data is collected, how it is utilized,with whom it is shared, and whom tocontact in case of any concerns.If you would like to know more about thekind of personal data the Volvo Groupcompanies process, please visit theVolvo Group web site –www.volvogroup.com/privacy.

01In

trod

ucti

on

3

Volvo Action Service

Volvo Action ServiceVolvo Action Service (VAS) is an on-callservice that offers roadside assistancearound the clock seven days a week,available along all major Europeantransport routes. Hundreds of workshopsthroughout Europe are ready to step inand get the bus back in business.By calling the multilingual phone support,help is never far away. The staff at theoperations centre can help locate thebus. They identify which workshop ismost optimally located and which routethe mechanic should choose in order totravel the fastest way from the workshopto the vehicle.

How to use Volvo ActionService1 If you encounter problems along the

way you only need to make onephone call, regardless of whetheryou are in your home country orabroad. The phone numbers arelisted on the next page.For roadside assistance, pleaseprovide the following information:• Vehicle details, e.g. chassis

number.• Failure symptoms, and any

supporting fault codes.

• Location, preferably with GPScoordinates.

• Payment details.

2 You are connected to a casecoordinator at our multilingual callcentre that will be your contactperson during the entire case. Thecoordinator will keep you updated onwhat is happening.

3 Once we have obtained all therequired information regarding thefault and secured the method ofpayment, we will contact the mostsuitable Volvo workshop to arrangefor the necessary repair work to becompleted.If roadside repair is not possible atthe location of your bus, towing willbe arranged and the repair will becarried out at the workshop.

4 The case coordinator will continue tohandle the case until the vehicle isback on the road. Once the work isfinished, the mechanic will contactthe case coordinator and submit astatus report.Your company is invoiced by thelocal dealer unless otherwise agreed.

01In

trod

ucti

on

4

Volvo Action Service

Country Telephone numberArgentina 800 666 46 39Australia 1 800 086 586Austria 0800 29 89 64Belgium 0800 159 45

00800 335 577 99Brazil 800 41 61 61Belarus 8 820 0321 0003****

8 800 1000 7788*****Canada 1-800-528-6586 Czech Republic 0800 18 72 93Chile 800 64 68 15 Denmark 800 101 57

00800 335 577 99Finland 0800 11 32 02France 0800 90 75 18

00800 335 577 99Germany 0800 181 03 00

00800 335 577 99Great Britain 0800 89 88 39

0800 92 92 92**Greece 00800 321 23 22Hungary 06800 123 61Italy 800 87 83 56Ireland 1800 55 32 07

1800 70 92 92***Kazakhstan (toGent)

8 800 1000 7788*****88 002 007 766

Luxembourg 0800 2560

Country Telephone numberMexico 1-800-528-6586Netherlands 0800 022 52 41

00800 335 577 99Norway 800 114 06

00800 335 577 99Peru 800 533 86Portugal 800 80 50 32Russia 8 800 333 7400

8 800 100 7799*****South Africa 0860 11 22 12Spain 900 99 32 47

900 983251*Sweden 020 79 58 27

00800 335 577 99Switzerland 0800 55 11 78

00800 335 577 99Turkey 00800 329 13 22Ukraine (to Gent) 8 800 502 9710*****Uruguay 000 40 55 125USA 1-800-463-7738

* Only to be used by ES and PTcustomers in ES*** Only to be used by IE and GBcustomers in IE**** Works only with landline telephones,not mobiles.***** Only to be used by BY, KZ, RU andUA customers in BY, KZ, RU and UAOther countries +32 9 255 67 11(not a freephone number)

01In

trod

ucti

on

5

02

Starting and driving

Driver's responsibility

The driver must read the driver’shandbook to ensure s/he is familiar withall the indicator and warning lights, andknow what to do if somethingunexpected happens.The driver is responsible:• For the safety and comfort of the

passengers during the journey.• To predict and avoid possible

hazards that could threaten thewellbeing of the passengers.

• To ensure that all the bus’ safetyequipment are in place, fireextinguishers, warning triangle andfirst aid kit.

The driver must pay specialattention to:• Brakes, a bus with insufficient air

pressure in the brake circuit shouldnot be driven.

• Any steering faults, the bus can besteered even if the power steering isnot working, although steering isheavy.

• Exhaust and fuel smells, any leaksmust immediately be addressed by aservice technician.

Drivers must be aware of the vehicleweight and loading capacity. Check the

bus' identification plate to know theapplicable parameters.

02St

arti

ng a

nd d

rivi

ng

8

Driving tips

Driving tipsSafe driving• Check that instruments are indicating

normal values after starting, andcheck regularly while driving.

• Never race a cold engine. A warmengine and transmission uses lessfuel than a cold one.

• Avoid idling for any longer periods oftime since it uses up a considerableamount of fuel.

• Never cover the radiator. Thethermostat maintains a constanttemperature regardless of externalconditions.

• Do not drive the bus until the warninglamps have gone out, since thebrake system needs the correct airpressure to work properly.

• Do not leave the bus withoutapplying the parking brake.

• If one of the front wheels is blockedsideways, never try to force it to turnby applying excessive force to thesteering wheel since it may causedamage to the oil pump.

• While driving downhill and duringgradual braking, use the retarder

function. Failure to do so leads toincreased wear on the brake linings.

Economy driving• Smooth driving results in increased

road safety, satisfied passengers,lower fuel consumption and lesswear to the bus.

• Drive according to the recommendedvalues in the turbo pressure gaugeand tachograph to obtain the highestfuel efficiency.

• If the tyre pressure is too low, itcauses an increase in rolling drag,and therefore in fuel consumption!

• An idling or cold engine, as well astransmission and electricalequipment, use up a considerableamount of fuel! Turn off the enginewhile the bus is parked.

• Try to warm up the engine as quicklyas possible. A warm engine usesless fuel than a cold one.

• Turn off any electrical equipment thatis not needed while parked.

• Erratic driving and high speedincreases the fuel consumptionconsiderably. Keep your distance tothe vehicles in front for smootherdriving. Do not drive too fast.

• Fully depressing the acceleratorpedal and making the gearboxchange down, kick-down, also usesextra fuel. Choose the right momentto change gear depending on theacceleration. Make smooth, soft gearchanges.

• Forceful acceleration and latebraking cause both poor drivingeconomy and passenger comfort.Accelerate smoothly and calmlywhen starting from a standstill withattention to the traffic situation.Release the accelerator early and letthe speed reduce gradually.

• Always use the retarder function. Thewheel brakes can becomeoverheated following prolongedbraking, on downhill slopes, whichleads to increased wear on brakelinings.

• The air system is also powered byfuel. To economise, use the doorbrake at bus stop; only use kneelingwhile passengers board and leavethe bus; do not pump the brakepedal.

02St

arti

ng a

nd d

rivi

ng

9

Driving tips

Driving in cold weather• The coolant in the cooling system

must have the correct admixture ofconcentrated antifreeze.

• Check that the radiator and the grillon the hatch to the radiator are freefrom snow and ice.

• The washer fluid tank must be filledwith winter washer fluid.

• Fill the tanks with winter fuel, whichreduces the risk of paraffin formationin the fuel system. If this has alreadyoccurred, replace the fuel filters andfill the tanks with winter fuel.

• The compressed air system issensitive to low temperatures. Ifthere is a lot of condensation water inthe primary tank, drain the tank andreplace the air drier desiccantcartridge.

Power steeringIf the wheels are blocked laterally,against a kerb for example, drive forwardand turn the steering wheel carefully sothe vehicle moves away from the kerb.Never force the wheels to turn.

CAUTIONMaking the bus turn by forcing the steeringwheel can lead to a damaged oil pump.

If the power steering is out of order forsome reason and it feels like the steeringgear has locked up, the vehicle can stillbe steered if the steering wheel is turnedwith some pressure.

Disconnected acceleratorpedalIf the driver depresses the brake pedal(or applies the parking brake) and theaccelerator pedal at the same time, theaccelerator pedal will not function.On condition the speed is higher than 5km/h, the accelerator is disconnectedand remains so until both the brake andaccelerator pedals are releasedcompletely.A symbol is shown in the display for aslong as the accelerator pedal isdisonnected.

Disconnected accelerator pedal.

02St

arti

ng a

nd d

rivi

ng

10

Starting

Starter switchThe starter switch has four positions:0. Stop positionThe ignition is turned off.I. Intermediate positionSome electrical components can beused. The steering lock is deactivated.II. Ignition positionThe ignition is turned on. Preheatingactive.III. Start positionThe engine is started. This is a spring-return position.

In addition to the intermediate position,an additional function is activated justbetween position I and II. This functionacts as the traditional main switch andactivates/deactivates ARMS.

NOTEThe key can only be removed from thestarter switch in the stop position.

Steering wheel lock is activated whenthe key is removed from the starterswitch, and deactivated when turning thekey to the intermediate position (positionI).ARMS (Automatic Reset of MainSwitch)Automatic Reset of Main Switch (ARMS)is a function that monitors the batteryvoltage in the consumer batteries.ARMS limits discharge of consumersbatteries in case some electricalcomponents are activated while theengine is not running, and automaticallyturns off the power when the batteryreaches +30.ARMS is activated and turns off thepower supply when the followingconditions are met:• Handbrake is applied• Ignition has been turned off for 120

seconds• Battery voltage drops below 23.5 V

StartingStarting the engineTo activate the 24V electric system,depress the main switch. The systemperforms a self-check.

Ensure that the parking brake is appliedand selected gear in position N, neutral.Turn the starter switch to ignitionposition.

Intake air heaterIf air intake heating is required, it startsautomatically and a control lampilluminates in the instrument cluster.It can take up to 50 s, depending on thetemperature of the coolant.

Function testWhen the ignition is switched on, acontrol system in the bus makes afunction test of indicators and controllamps in the instrument cluster.

02St

arti

ng a

nd d

rivi

ng

11

Starting

All lamps and gauge LEDs are lit forapprox. 5 s.

NOTEDo not start the engine until the test iscompleted and the control lamp for activeintake air heater has gone out.

Start the engine.

Symbols after startAfter starting, the stop lamp in theinstrument cluster illuminates. Thesymbol for poor brake performanceshows in the driver information display.They are displayed until the brakepressure has risen to its normal level(5.6 bar).

CAUTIONNever rev a cold engine. A cold enginemust not be run faster than 1000 rpm.

Exhaust after treatmentThe bus is equipped with selectivecatalytic reduction (SCR), see Selectivecatalytic reduction page 128.

02St

arti

ng a

nd d

rivi

ng

12

Parking

ParkingWhen you stop to park, there are severalthings to think about.1 Apply the parking brake and select

gear position N, neutral.2 Turn the starting switch to stop

position.

CAUTIONAlways apply the parking brake and selectthe neutral position when the bus isparked, or whenever the driver leaves thedriver's place.

In the event the bus should be parked fora longer period of time, 7 days or more, itis important to wash the bus carefully.This is particularly important for theengine room, underneath the bus,wheelhouses, and door mechanisms aswell as the exterior of the bus, seeVehicle cleaning page 106.

02St

arti

ng a

nd d

rivi

ng

13

Doors and hatches

DoorsEntering the busBefore entering the bus, turn on thepower supply in the batterycompartment.

Turn the switch 90° clockwise.Turn the key in the lock and turn theknob to the vertical position. Push thepneumatic door opening button(s)located inside the door handle.

NOTEIn case of total or partial loss of airpressure in the doors, pull the door handleto open the door.

KeysThe following keys are generallydelivered with the bus:1 Starter key2 Exterior and interior hatches and

doors3 Square key for the service hatch

There may be alternative versions of thekeys, depending on the type of locks thatare fitted.

NOTENote the number on the starter key tofacilitate ordering of spare keys.

02St

arti

ng a

nd d

rivi

ng

14

Doors and hatches

Door operationWhen a passenger presses the buttonfor next stop, the doors must bemanually opened and closed by thedriver. The doors are opened and closed usingswitches on the dashboard.

HatchesThe bus is equipped with roof hatch(es).If an emergency occurs, the roof hatchcan be opened both from the inside andfrom the outside. There are handles onthe inside as well as on the outside.The roof hatch ventilation consumes lessenergy than the AC unit.

Operating roof hatchesThe roof hatches are manually operatedand equipped with emergency handleson the inside as well as on the outside.The hatch opens in three steps up to agap of 70 mm.

NOTEMake sure the hatches are closed when itis raining and when leaving the bus for alonger period of time.

02St

arti

ng a

nd d

rivi

ng

15

03

Driver environment

Driver's seat

Driver's seatDo not use the seat before reading theinstructions on how to use it. Keep theoperating instructions in a place in thebus that is accessible to other drivers.Adjustments to the seat settings shouldonly be performed when the bus is at astandstill with the parking brake applied.

DANGERAlways use the safety belt while driving.Failure to follow this instruction can causeserious personal injury or death in theevent of an accident.

Settings1 Adjustable arm rests2 Longitudinal adjustment3 Seat height adjustment4 Leg support adjustment5 Lateral back support adjustment6 Lower back support adjustment7 Middle back support adjustment8 Upper back support adjustment9 Backrest tilt adjustment10 Maintenance release11 Lock

03Dr

iver

env

iron

ment

18

Steering wheel

Steering wheelSteering wheel adjustmentThe steering wheel can be adjusted inheight and angle:1 Depress the pedal (1).2 Adjust the steering wheel.3 Release the pedal (1). The steering

wheel will be locked in its newposition.

HornThe bus is equipped with both apneumatic (1) and an electrical horn (2).

NOTEThe use of the horn is subject to localregulations.

03Dr

iver

env

iron

ment

19

04

Instruments and controls

Controls

Parking brakeNOTE

To ensure the parking brakes functionality,the pneumatic system must be charged upand the blocking valve depressed.

Release manually1 Depress the brake pedal.2 Lift the stop ring and move the

parking brake hand control to itsforward position.

The symbol for the parking brake in theinstrument cluster goes out.

CAUTIONNever drive if the symbol for parking brakeapplied is lit. Stop immediately if it lights upwhile driving.

Apply manuallyPull the hand control backwards to itsend position to apply the parking brake.When the brake is applied, the symbolfor parking brake lights up in theinstrument cluster.

DANGERAlways check that the symbol for appliedparking brake is illuminated before leavingthe driver's place.

Warning signalA warning signal sounds if the vehicleengine is shut down without applying theparking brake.Emergency brakeTo use the parking brake as anemergency brake move the hand controlgradually backwards to its parkingposition.

NOTEKeep the stop ring pulled up for theduration of braking to prevent the controlto lock in the parking position.

WARNINGThe braking distance increases whenbraking with the parking brake since it onlyworks on the drive wheels. The risk ofskidding also increases.

Blocking valveThe blocking valve is activated when theair pressure in the brake circuit is too lowand an attempt is made to apply theparking brake. This may occur when bushas been stationary for a longer period oftime.

To release the parking brake when theblocking valve is activated:1 Start the engine.2 Allow sufficient brake pressure to

build up, approx. 4–5 bar.3 When the stop lamp in the instrument

cluster goes out, depress theblocking valve.

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

22

Controls

4 Move the parking brake to its forwardposition.

NOTEThe parking brake cannot be released untilthe blocking valve has been depressed.

CAUTIONNever drive if the symbol for parking brakeapplied is lit. Stop immediately if it lights upwhile driving.

Direction indicators1 Pressure point position

Move the stalk slightly upwards ordownwards when turning with smallsteering wheel movements, forexample when changing lanes orovertaking. The direction indicator isactive as long as it is held in positionby the finger. The stalk will return toneutral position immediately when itis released.

2 Past the pressure pointMove the stalk past the pressurepoint and the direction indicator willstay on until the stalk is returnedmanually, or the steering wheelreturns after turning.

3 Main beam flasherPull the stalk towards the steeringwheel until slight resistance is felt.The main beam is lit until the stalk isreleased.Main and dipped beamswitchingPull the stalk towards the steeringwheel, past the main beam flasherposition and release it. Theheadlamps switch between main anddipped beam.

Idling speedBefore manual adjustment of the idlingspeed, make sure that the bus isstationary and the engine is running atidling speed. The accelerator pedal mustbe released.

Move the sliding button (2) to ON andthen press + or - on the SET button (1)to increase or decrease the idling speed.

Each press of the SET button increaseor reduce the idling speed by 10 rpm.The idling speed should normally beapprox. 575–625 rpm. When the bus isstationary, the engine speed can betemporarily increased up to a maximumof 1200 rpm.The electronic control system ensuresthat the normal engine idling speed ismaintained so that manual adjustment isgenerally not required.

NOTEIf the engine does not work properly at thespeed programmed by the factory, the busmust be taken to a Volvo workshop.

NOTEA change in idling speed is onlytemporary. After using a pedal, engaging agear, or releasing the parking brake, theidling speed will return to the factorysetting.

Lighting controlThe lighting control on the dashboard isused to switch between the bus' differentexterior light settings.

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

23

Controls

1 Hazard lights2 Rheostat for regulating the

instrument lighting3 Indicator lamp, front fog lights4 Light switch (spring-loaded)

Pull out: Rear fog lights on/offPress: Front fog lights on/off

5 Lighting switched off or automaticdipped lights

6 Parking lights7 Main and dipped beam8 Extra headlamps (option)9 Indicator light, rear fog lights

Hazard warning lightWhen the warning light button ispressed, all the warning lights will comeon. The warning lights can be used evenwhen the main switch and the ignitionhave been turned off.

WARNINGAlways use the warning lights if the bushas been stopped in such a way that it cancause danger for other road users.

Rear-view mirrorsBoth rear-view mirrors are adjustedusing the same knob. The knob can beturned to one of the two positions,adjustment of the right or left mirror. Theselected mirror is adjusted by moving theknob in the appropriate direction.

NOTERear view mirrors should be adjustedbefore starting to drive.

Cruise controlCruise control is used to operate the busat a constant lowest speed within theinterval 30–130 km/h.Once the bus has reached the desiredspeed, activate cruise control by movingthe sliding button (2) to ON and thenpressing + or - on the SET button (1). Toincrease or decrease the speed, press +or - again.

1

2

NOTEThe brake and clutch pedals must be fullyreleased.

If the speed is temporarily increased withthe accelerator pedal, the vehicle willreturn to the set speed after releasingthe accelerator pedal.

DisconnectDisconnect the cruise control by pushingthe switch (2) to the OFF position or bypressing the brake or clutch pedal.To return to the previously set speedafter disconnecting the cruise control,

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

24

Controls

move sliding button (2) to the spring-return position RESUME.

NOTEThis does not apply if the cruise control isdeactivated by moving the sliding button(2) to the OFF position.

Retarder controlThe symbol for retarder is shown whenthe function is active.

A number or letter in the driverinformation display shows the position ofthe retarder.

0

A

1-3

B

0 Retarder disengaged

A Automatic position1 Manual position2 Manual position3 Manual positionB Braking program

AutomaticIn position A, the retarder acts togetherwith the normal wheel brakes when thebrake pedal is depressed.ManualMove the retarder control to 1, 2, or 3and release the accelerator pedal. Thebrake is applied with more force for eachstep.To lower fuel consumption and reduceretarder stress, return the lever toposition 0 or A after manual braking.Braking programMove the retarder control to position B toengage the brake program. The gearboxautomatically changes to the gearproviding optimum retarder effect.

Deactivate the retarderCAUTION

Do not deactivate the retarder functionunless it is necessary since it wears outthe brake linings.

The retarder function can be deactivatedin the following ways:• Move the retarder control to position

0.• Move the retarder control to position

A and release the brake pedal.• Move the retarder control to position

1, 2 or 3 and depress the acceleratorpedal.

NOTEThe retarder is automatically deactivatedwhenever the wheels attempt to lock up orskid.

Speed limiterUse speed restriction to limit the topspeed of the vehicle.1 Move the retarder control to position

A.2 Release the accelerator pedal.

NOTEThe cruise control must be deactivated.

Activate the speed limitation by pressing+ or - button at the end of the retardercontrol. To increase or decrease thereference speed, repeatedly press the +or - button.

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

25

Controls

Combined cruise control and speedlimiterUse a combination of cruise control andspeed restriction to limit the bus' upperand lower speeds.To create a speed interval, for example80–85 km/h, that bus maintainsirrespective of road inclination:1 Move the retarder control to position

A.2 Release the accelerator pedal.3 Use the + or - button at the end of

the cruise control stalk to limit thespeed.

The default setting for retarderoverspeed is 7 km/h and it can then beadjusted between 3-15 km/h.

Door brakeThe bus is equipped with door brake, asafety function that keeps the bus atstandstill while the engine is still runningwithout the use of the brake pedal orparking brake. The door brake isactivated by e.g. door opening, vehiclekneeling, extended ramp or wheel chairlift, or door brake switch activation.A backlit switch indicates when the doorbrake is engaged.

The door brake must be activated for themiddle and rear doors to open. Thebrake has no effect on the front door.

KneelingIt is possible to kneel the bus at the frontentry to facilitate passenger entry andexit.

DANGERMake sure that kneeling does not involveany risk of passengers' feet being caughtbetween the edge of the step and thepavement.

For kneeling to take place, the followingconditions must be met:• The engine is running• Bus speed is below 5 km/h• The pneumatic suspension system is

adequately pressurised• The height level control switch must

be in its normal position• The doors are closed

The bus kneels when pressing the lowerpart of the kneel switch and hold it untilthe bus is fully knelt. The kneeling

indicator lights up and an acoustic signalsounds.

KneelingThe bus kneels when pressing the lowerpart of the kneel switch and hold it untilthe bus is fully knelt. Kneeling activatesthe door brake to prevent the bus fromdriving in a kneeling position without theuse of the brake pedal or parking brake.The bus returns to normal when:• Releasing the switch before kneeling

is completed• Pressing the upper part of the switch• Shutting down and restarting the

engine• Closing the doors• Start moving the bus• Retracting the ramp

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

26

Controls

Speed-related level controlTo reduce the air resistance anddecrease the fuel consumption, theheight of the bus can be lowered.To activate the function, press theswitch.The height of the bus is lowered whenthe speed reaches 80 km/h and above.

Speed-related level control

Request Support AlertRequest Support Alert (RSA) is the wayfor the driver to inform the FleetManagement central system that anemergency event is happening. WhenRSA is activated, a signal is sent to thecentral system, informing that assistanceis requested. The activated RSA signalincludes information about the time anddate, the position and speed of thevehicle.In extraordinary events, RSA providesthe possibility for the driver to alert thecentral system that a vehicle is in anemergency situation or under attack. It ispossible track the event happening, theposition of the vehicle and assess thenext action to resolve the situation.

Other benefits include the following:• Safety for the drivers.• Follow up and track the position and

events of the vehicle.• Possibility to send support to the

specific location of the vehicle.• Record where the RSA events

happen to keep a historical archive.

Panic button (Request Support Alert)

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

27

Instrument cluster

Instrument clusterThe instrument cluster contains lamps,gauges and the driver informationdisplay.

LampsIn the instrument cluster above theinformation driver display are a stoplamp and a warning lamp that lights upwhen there is something wrong with thebus or when something occurs that thedriver must be made aware of. The otherlamps are called control lamps.

Stop lampThe red stop lamp alerts the driver offaults that can have seriousconsequences for the bus, the driverand/or passengers. When the stop lampis lit, a symbol and a possible textmessage are shown in the driverinformation display. A sound signal isactivated if the engine is running.

WARNINGWhen the stop lamp is lit, the bus must bestopped immediately and the engineturned off. The cause of the fault must beinvestigated.

The acoustic signal and the stopmessage can be acknowledged with theESC button but it will be shown againafter 10 seconds. A stop messageremains until the fault has been rectified.

Warning lampThe yellow warning lamp alerts the driverof faults or events that must be attendedto. When the warning lamp is lit a symboland possibly a message are shown onthe driver information display.

NOTEThe bus must be driven to a workshop assoon as possible when the warning lampcomes on.

Acknowledge the message with the ESCbutton. If the fault is still active, thewarning will be shown again the nexttime the starter key is turned to the startposition.

The table shows the lamps in theinstrument cluster.

Symbol MeaningLeft direction indicatoractivated

Right direction indicatoractivated

Main beam activated

Rear fog light activated

Stop message in thedisplay

Warning message in thedisplay

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

28

Instrument cluster

Symbol MeaningNext stop

Seat belt reminder

Parking brake applied

Battery charging fault

Pre-heating activated

Emission values too high

Window/mirror heateractivated

Symbol MeaningDifferential lock is engaged

Bogie lifted

Door brake activated

Kneeling activated (foreasier access)

Check the tachograph

Fault in ABS system

Clogged particulate filter

Symbol MeaningHigh exhaust temperature

Fault in braking system

Air pressure for primarybraking system is lowerthan 6 bar

Air pressure for secondarybraking system is lowerthan 6 bar

ESP (Electronic StabilityProgram) enabled

Fault in Lane KeepingSupport (LKS)

SCR fluid low

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

29

Instrument cluster

Symbol MeaningVehicle detected in front(not in use)

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

30

Instrument cluster

Gauges and displayThe instrument cluster contains different gauges.1 Tachometer2 Speedometer3 Air pressure gauge for brakes4 Air pressure gauges for brakes5 Fuel gauge6 Driver information display7 Engine coolant temperature gauge8 Turbo pressure gauge9 Diesel exhaust fluid gauge

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

31

Instrument cluster

TachometerThe tachometer is divided into threezones. When driving on level roads, theneedle should be steady and remainwithin the green zone.The dark zone between green and red isused when engine braking as the enginebrake is the most effective within thisengine speed range.

SpeedometerShows the bus speed in km/h combinedwith mph.

Brake pressure gaugeIndicates the air pressure for the brakecircuits.In normal driving the brake pressuregauge needle should remain within the

green zone. During braking it can movebelow the green zone for a short time.

F

R

Fuel gaugeThe fuel gauge shows the amount of fuelin the tank.A volume of fuel in the tank lower than12% of a full tank will give a warning.

Engine coolant temperature gaugeShows the temperature in the enginecooling system.The engine has overheating protectionthat regulates the engine output down to

50% when the indicator reaches the redzone.You can continue to drive the bus evenwhen the overheating protection is out oforder.

CAUTIONThe bus must not be driven if thetemperature should rise any further as thismay cause further damage to the engine.

Turbo pressure gaugeThe turbo pressure gauge measures theoverpressure in the inlet pipe. A higherturbo pressure means a higher fuelconsumption.Use it to drive as economically aspossible. In normal driving on flat roads,the needle should stay within the greenzone.

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

32

Instrument cluster

Diesel exhaust fluid gaugeThe Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) gaugeshows the amount of DEF (AdBlue) inthe tank. When the DEF level is low, thegauge indicator is in the red zone andwarning lamp is litWhen the DEF level drops too low, thefollowing warnings occur:• If level is equal or less than 12%, the

warning light will be lit in theinstrument cluster.

• If the warning is ignored and thegauge reads empty, the warning lightstarts flashing and the engine torqueis reduced by 25%.

• If driver continues to ignore warningsand the bus becomes stationary, thebus speed is limited to 5 mph.

Driver information displayShows messages, provide informationand control certain bus functions. Thedisplay contains several main menusand sub-menus with associatedfunctions.

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

33

Display

DisplayVehicle messages, symbols andinformation about the bus are shown inthe driver information display. Somefunctions in the bus can be controlled viathe menus and submenus in the display.

Display fieldsThe display is divided into four fields.

1 First favourite display2 Second favourite display3 Third favourite display4 Status bar

The display is divided into four fields: twoand a half favourite rows and one and ahalf status rows. The two and halffavourite rows are configurable and it ispossible to choose what information tobe shown.

SymbolsSymbols and messages in thedisplaySymbols and messages are displayed incombination with stop or warning lamps.• Several messages can be active

simultaneously. The highest priorityis displayed first.

• Messages have a yellow or red lampdepending on level, pressure andtemperature.

• Some messages are displayedwithout a symbol.

Symbol MeaningMessage active

Fire alarm, see In case of firepage 85

Alarm clock activated

Door brake activated, seepage 26

Steering fluid, low level

Steering servo, failure

Steering servo bogie, lowpressure

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

34

Display

Symbol MeaningHydraulic fluid for cooling fan,low level

Ani-lock brake system (ABS)activated, see page 138

Traction control system (TCS)temporarily deactivated, seepage 139

Accelerator pedaldisconnected, see page 10

Gear selector, not in neutral,see page 50

Gear selector, reverse gearselected

Gearbox, low air pressure

Symbol MeaningGearbox, low oil pressure

Transmission fluid, low level

Clutch, high temperature

Brake system, failure

Brake linings, wear warning,see page 139

Brakes, high temperature, seepage 138

Brakes, no data fromfirst brake circuit

Symbol MeaningBrakes, no data fromsecond brake circuit

Brakes, no data from thirdbrake circuit

Brakes, no data from fourthbrake circuit

Brakes, no data from F brakecircuit

Brakes, no data from R brakecircuit

Brakes, no data from parkingbrake

Brakes, no data from auxiliarybrake

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

35

Display

Symbol MeaningCompressor, failure

Compressor/air drier, failure

Kneeling, see page 26

Pinch guard active

Bus fully lowered

Air suspension system, failure

Air suspension system, lowpressure

Symbol MeaningWet tank, low pressure

Cruise Control (CC) activated,see page 24

CC, limited braking mode

Electronic Stability Program(ESP) activated, seepage 138

ESP, failure

ESP, requires calibrating

Hill start aid activated, seepage 140

Symbol MeaningDoor, open

Door, failure

Engine cover, open

Luggage or wheel chair hatch,open

Instrument, overheating

One or more lights, failure

Headlamp, failure

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

36

Display

Symbol MeaningBrake light, failure

Direction indicator, failure

Climate system activated

Climate system, failure

Ice warning

Washer fluid, low level

Battery, low voltage, seepage 147

Symbol MeaningBattery, high voltage

Battery, too high voltage

Stop at next bus stop

Emergency hammer removed

Boarding or alighting withpram

Wheelchair lift request

Passenger calling for on-board host

Symbol MeaningToilet, low water level

External air hose or chargerconnected

Incorrect wheel alignment,see page 115

Fire suppression system, lowpressure, see page 85

Tachograph, failure, seepage 58

Engine malfunction indicatorlamp (MIL)

Engine, failure

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

37

Display

Symbol MeaningEngine, idling turned off

Volvo engine brake (VEB),engine too cold

Engine, preheat failure

Air filter, clogged

Fuel filter, clogged

Turbo pressure, no data

Engine oil, low pressure

Symbol MeaningEngine oil, low level

Engine oil, high temperature

Engine oil, too hightemperature

Fuel, low level

Fuel, water in fuel

Fuel, draining water separatorfilter in progress

Fuel, bleeding air from fuel inprogress

Symbol MeaningFuel, level sensor failure

AdBlue, low level

AdBlue, poor quality, seepage 126

Speeding beyond permittedlimits set for bus

Retarder activated, seepage 25

Retarder, high oil temperature

Retarder deactivated

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

38

Display

Symbol MeaningRetarder, position A

Retarder, position 1



Retarder, position B

Coolant, high temperature

Coolant, low level

Display controlThere are four functions used to navigatein the menus.1 ESC

Acknowledge messagesCancelReturn to previous menu/main menu

2 MENUSelect or confirm selected optionReset dataGo from a menu to a submenu

3 ▲Navigate upwardsChange set valuesIncrease background lighting in thedisplay

4 ▼Navigate downwardsChange set valuesDecrease background lighting in thedisplay

MenuThe driver information display providesinformation about measurement values,levels and status about the bus. Thedriver can make personal settings.For safety reasons, not all menus areavailable while driving. Some menus andsettings only function when the bus isstationary. Other menus requirepassword.

Main menuWhen the bus is started, the main menuappears. It is divided into two areas:1 Drive mode

Menu is shown when the bus isdriven

2 Not in drive modeMenu shown when bus is stationary

Menu gaugeVoltmeterIf the battery voltage drops below 18 Vwhile the engine is running, the displaywill enter standby.If the voltage is over 31 V, a warning isdisplayed.

Route selection menuWhen the bus is started the messageSelect route appears. To navigate in themenu, use the up and down buttons.

No routeIf a route is not selected and cancelledwith the ESC button, a message isshown that no route is selected.The message is displayed repeatedlyuntil a route is selected.If the No Data message is shown, thereis a system error.

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

39

Display

Menu fuel dataNOTE

At idle, no bar is shown and the fuelconsumption is displayed in litre/hr.

Fuel1 Average fuel consumption: The value

is presented as a figure and an arrowpointing down.

2 Instantaneous fuel consumption: Thevalue is presented numerically and inthe form of a bar.

To reset all fuel data, press and hold theMenu button for 1 second.

SettingsUse the display control buttons tochoose if the fuel consumption is to beshown as km/l, miles per gallon or asmiles per US gallons.Fuel volume is displayed as litres orgallons.

Menu climateFloor fan, driverShows if the floor fan in the driver's placeis in automatic mode or turned off.

Climate system/Pause heating,passengerShows if the passenger climate systemor the pause heating is turned off or on.1 Select the desired menu option

Climate system/Short stop cabheater with the navigation buttonsand press the Menu button.

2 Select the desired menu optionON/OFF with the navigation buttonsand press the Menu button.

Temperature/Roof Fan, passengerShows desired temperature level and theroof fan speed in the passengercompartment.1 Select the desired menu option

Temperature/Roof fan withnavigation buttons and press enter.

2 Set the desired temperature (15–28 °C) with navigation buttons andpress enter. Set the desired roof fanspeed (MIN, -4, -1, AUTO, 1, 4,MAX) with navigation buttons andpress enter.

Roof Heat/Floor Fan, passengerShows the selected level of the roofheating and the status of the floor fan inthe passenger compartments.1 Highlight the desired menu option

Roof heater/Floor fan with navigationbuttons and press enter.

2 Set the desired tank heater level(OFF, -4, -1, AUTO, 1, 4, MAX) withnavigation buttons and press enter.

3 Activate/deactivate the floor fan(AUTO, OFF) with navigation buttonsand press enter.

Extra heating, passengersShows if the extra heating in thepassenger compartments is switched onor off.Enable/disable (ON, OFF) the extraheater with the display stalk buttons.

Floor fan, driverShows if the floor fan in the driver's placeis in automatic mode or switched off.Enable/disable (AUTO, OFF) floorheating with the display stalk buttons.

Menu time/distanceClock and dateDisplays the current time and date.

SettingsTime

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

40

Display

Set the time format (AM/PM or 24:00)with the display control buttons.DateUse the display control buttons tochoose between the different dateformats:• year, month, day (yymmdd)• day, month, year (ddmmyy)• month, day, year (mmddyy)Setting, time and datePress enter. Set the time and date usingthe buttons.

NOTEIf the starter key is in stop position, and ittakes more than 30 seconds betweenbutton presses, the setting is interrupted.

NOTEThe clock cannot be altered if the bus isequipped with a tachograph. This is thendone in the tachograph time setting menu.

NOTEThe time and date menu is available evenwhen the starter key is in the stop position.The menu is activated by pressing any ofthe buttons on the control unit for at least 1second. The menu remains active for 30seconds after the last depression.

Alarm clockPress enter. Set the time using thebuttons. Finish by selecting ON.The symbol for the alarm is shown onthe status bar to indicate that the alarmclock is active.The alarm clock cannot be set whiledriving.If the starter key is in stop position and ittakes more than 30 seconds betweenbutton depressions, the setting processis aborted.Press any of the buttons on the controlunit for at least 1 second to activate themenu.ActivateThe alarm clock can be enabled, withoutchanging the time, with the display stalkbuttons. After enabling, the symbol forenabled alarm clock is displayed on thestatus bar.DeactivateWhen the alarm starts, the display showsthe current time and ALARM. It alsowarns with an acoustic signal.The alarm deactivates by pressing theESC button or turns off automaticallyafter 60 seconds.

Trip meterTwo independent driving distances canbe saved; stage 1 and stage 2.The trip values must be reset beforeeach measurement.

Reset trip meterPress enter. Reset trip meter 1 and 2using the display control buttons.

Average speedThe average road speed is calculated asthe distance driven divided by the timethe engine has been running.Two average road speeds can bemeasured; average road speed 1 and 2.The values must be reset before eachmeasurement.Reset average speedPress enter. Reset average speed 1 and2 using the display control buttons.

Estimated time of arrivalThe estimated arrival time is calculatedby dividing the remaining distance by thebus average speed.Set distancePress enter. Using the display controlbuttons, enter the remaining distance todrive in km (or miles).

Driving and rest timeInformation about driving and restingtimes is obtained from the digitaltachograph.Left symbol indicates XXX and theinformation under it varies depending onthe selected activity in the digitaltachograph.Centre symbol indicates pause and resttime.

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

41

Display

Right symbol indicates driving time.

Menu displayBlack panelWhen the black panel is activated onlythe speedometer, tachometer and thebottom line of the display are lit.The following events lit the backlighting:• a message is activate• a button is depressed• the tachometer's needle enters the

red zone of the tachometer.

Favourite displayChoose which measurement values,gauges and functions are to be shown inthe favourite display.To select Favourite Display:1 Press enter on the menu option for

Favourite display, setting.2 Press enter once more and the top

field becomes active. Select gaugeor function.using the navigation buttons. Confirmby pressing enter when the desiredgauge or function is shown.

3 Press enter once more to activatethe next field. Select gauge orfunction using the navigation buttons.Confirm by pressing enter when thedesired gauge or function is shown.

4 Press Enter or ESC until all fields areactive and the clock is shown.

Menu vehicle messagesIf a message has appeared in the displayand then has been acknowledged withthe ESC button, a symbol is shown in thestatus line. To see which messages havebeen acknowledged without having beenacted on, enter the menu.

Menu display settingsLanguageSelect the desired language with thedisplay buttons.Up to three languages can be stored.

UnitsThe right settings can be made forfollowing units with the display buttons:• Distance• Fuel used• Temperature• Time and date

Display light• Contrast: Adjust the contrast with the

display controlbuttons.• Backlight: In this menu, the display

lighting can be adjusted relative toother instrument lighting using thedisplay buttons.

• Night Mode: This function is used toswitch between white text on black,or black text on white using thedisplay buttons.

Menu vehicle settingsTraction controlChoose ON or OFF with the displaycontrol buttons.When the traction control function isdisengaged, the symbol for disengagedTCS (Traction Control System) is shownin the display when driving.

NOTETraction control is normally on. Onlyworkshop personnel or vehicle testingcentres are to disengage the function.

Lowering protectionKneeling is not possible when loweringprotection is active. If there are specialcircumstances where kneeling is

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

42

Display

required, the lowering protection can beinactivated in this menu.Activate/inactivate the loweringprotection with the display controlbuttons.

Drainage/BleedingThis function is used to drain water fromthe fuel filter housing and to bleed thefuel system using fuel.1 When there is water in the fuel filter a

message is displayed. Stop thevehicle and activate the parkingbrake.

2 Enable draining/bleeding in theVehicle settings main menu. Selectsubmenu Draining/Bleeding. Amessage confirms.

3 A symbol is displayed when the fuelfilter housing needs draining or thefuel pipes need bleeding.

4 A message is displayed if draining orbleeding is not allowed or has beenunsuccessful.

Day running lightsDay running lights automatic can beswitched off in this menu. If the dayrunning lights have been set to the OFFposition, the dipped beam must beswitched on and off using the knob in thepanel. Choose ON or OFF with thedisplay control buttons.

Menu diagnosisFault diagnosisA list of the bus control units is shown inthe Fault diagnostics menu.1 Switch between control units with ▲

and ▼.2 Press Enter to confirm selection of

control unit, or press ESC to cancel.While the selected control unit iscalled, the display indicates that datatransfer is taking place. If theselected control unit has no faults,No faults are displayed.

3 Press ESC to return to the previousmenu. If the selected control unitdoes not reply within 5 seconds, thefollowing is shown in the display:Operation failed.

4 Press ESC and try to make theadjustment once more. If it still doesnot work, contact a workshop.

5 If there are more fault codes or faultmessages for the same control unit,step through the fault codes with▲and ▼.Reset all is shown last in the list. Thisresetting only deletes the fault codesfor the selected control unit. Amaximum of 20 fault codes/messages can be shown for a controlunit. To see more than the first 20,

one or more messages must bedeleted.

6 Press Enter to obtain moreinformation about the fault code. Thefault codes are shown numerically. Ifthe fault is inactive, time and datewhen the fault occurred are shown,among other things.MID: Identification of control unitPID: Identification of parametersPPID: Volvo unique Identification ofparametersSID: Identification of componentsPSID: Volvo unique Identification ofcomponentsFMI: Identification of fault IDs

Cluster selftestIndicator lamps test1 Choose Control lamp test, LEDs.

The control lamps light for approx. 5seconds.

2 Press ESC to stop the test.

Gauges test1 Select Gauge test.2 The gauges makes a test sweep

from zero to max. The needles movea few times between the endpositions. The needles do not showany specific value, only that theywork.


04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

43

Display

Display test1 Select Display test.2 The whole display lights up for 3

seconds after which it blacks out for3 seconds. Afterwards a chequeredpattern is displayed for 3 seconds.The chequered pattern is thendisplayed inverted for 3 seconds.


Loudspeaker test1 Select Loudspeaker test.2 The ticking sound of the direction

indictors is heard from the instrumentpanel load speakers.


Part numberA list of the bus control units is shown inthe Part numbers menu.1 Choose the part with ▲ or ▼.2 Confirm with Enter.3 Return using ESC.

Status testMessages on the bus data link areshown in the menu Status test. Theworkshop manual shows whichmessages exist and how they are to beinterpreted.

NOTEThis menu is only for use by workshops.

Calibration numberCalibration number identifies the versionof software the electric engine control isequipped with.

Menu vehicle dataOil levelDisplays the quantity of engine oil in theengine.

NOTENo warning for high oil level is shownwhen ignition is activated.

The bar marked min and max shows theengine oil level. The figure in the centreshows how many litres there arebetween min and max levels.To show the correct value, the enginemust have been turned off for at least 70minutes. If the engine has not beenturned off sufficiently long, the displayshows how many minutes remain until acorrect value can be shown. If the oillevel is below min a warning symbol isshown.

NOTEThere is no warning for low oil level whiledriving.

Menu data logVehicle IDThe bus chassis number is shown here.

Total dataThe total values show the engine's totalvalues logged so far during the enginecontrol unit's service life. The valuessaved are:• total distance• total fuel used• total number of hours the engine has

run (not shown if the bus has extratime meter TIME-C)

• total idling time (not shown if the bushas extra time meter TIME-C)

• total PTO hours• total engine revolutions.

If the transfer fails, No data is displayedwhen data is missing.

Trip dataThere are 14 trip data stored:• trip distance• trip fuel avg

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

44

Display

• trip fuel acc• trip over rerevolutions• uneconomical engine speed during

the trip• fuel consumption for uneconomical

engine speed for the trip• trip average speed• trip overspeed• trip engine hours• trip idle time• trip idle fuel• trip cruise

Step between the values with ▲ and ▼.Return to previous menu with ESC.If the transfer fails, No data is displayedwhen data is missing.

NOTEInformation that has been saved since thelast reset is shown on the Trip data menu.

Menu passwordEnter passwordCertain display functions are passwordprotected. There are three displaypasswords.The following passwords are used whenthe bus is delivered from the factory.

Workshop Password 1 0000Owner Password 1234Workshop Password 2 5678When Workshop, password 1 is entered,the values for some functions can bereset.If the starter key has been in the stopposition longer than 60 seconds or if thebatteries have been disconnected, thepassword must be reentered to accessall functions.1 Set the first digit with ▲ or ▼.2 Scroll to the next figure using enter.3 Step backwards with the ESC button.

For some functions, it is not possible toremove the password protection. Thiscan only be done at a Volvo workshop.

NOTEChange password to avoid unauthorisedpersons to access the menus.

Settings1 Mark which password to change with

▲ or ▼.2 Confirm with Enter.3 Set the first digit with ▲ or ▼.4 Scroll to the next figure using Enter.5 Step backwards with ESC.

Change password1 Enter the correct password.2 Mark which password is to be

changed with ▲ or ▼.3 Confirm with Enter.4 Set the first digit with ▲ or ▼.5 Scroll to the next figure using Enter.6 Step backwards with ESC.

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

45

Switches

The bus is fitted with the switchespresented in the below table. Thesymbols represent the function of theswitch. The symbol is fitted on one of theswitch types depicted below. The actuallayout of the bus's switches may differfrom below table.The location of most switches in the buscan be adapted to any requirements, butfor safety reasons, some of the switchescannot be moved. Contact an authorisedVolvo workshop for more information.

Emergency switch

NOTEOnly use the emergency switch inemergency situations.

CAUTIONShutting down the bus using theemergency switch may cause damage tocritical electrical components.

To activate the emergency switch, lift thelatch and flip the switch to the ONposition. After closing the latch, the

switch will automatically return to theOFF position.The following occur after activating theemergency switch:• The engine is turned off.

• The main power circuit is turned off.

• The door mechanisms are unlocked.

• In some markets, the hazard lightsare turned on.

NOTEThe emergency switch can be used toquickly prevent personal injury orequipment damage.

Battery main switchCAUTION

Before using the battery main switch, Youmust always switch the ignition to STOPposition and turn off the main power switchon the control panel

The battery main switch is located in thebattery compartment and is used forpowering the vehicle.Turn the battery main switch indisconnected position (0) to turn off allpower supply.

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

46

Switches

WARNINGSome devices will remain energized evenafter disconnecting the battery mainswitch. If the vehicle is equipped withstarter and consumer batteries, only thepower supply from consumer batteries willbe disconnected. In order to completelydisconnect the consumer and starterbatteries, their cables must be removed.

NOTEUsing the battery main switch may meanthat you have to reenter the radio code.

NOTENo power supply for the devices cancause loss of memory function or generatea fault code in the equipment of thevehicle.

CAUTIONBattery switchBEFORE TURNING OFF: SWITCH OFFTHE MAIN SWITCH ON DASHBOARD.

Position 0: disconnectedPosition 1: enabled

NOTETo prevent battery discharge when the busis stationary for 24 h or more, turn thebattery main switch to the OFF position.

The following switches are mounted onthe bus.

Reset doors, see page 86

Open first door

Open second door

Open/close doors

Lock door

Ceiling light on/off

Night light on/off

Driver’s light on/off

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

47

Switches

Reading light on/off

Gangway floor light on/off

Position lights on/off

Destination sign on/off, seepage 56

Service door lights on/off

Luggage hatches centrallock on/off

Luggage hatches centrallock on/off

Pillar fan on/off

Mirror heating on/off

Sun visor up/down

Wheelchair lift power on/off, see page 72

Toilet power on/off, seepage 78

Kneeling on/off, seepage 26

Bus level up

Bus level down

Speed-related level controlon/off, see page 27

Bogie lift on/off

Panic button (sendRequest Support Alert),see page 27

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

48

Switches

Activate fire suppressionsystem, see page 85

Switches in the electrical centerDoor brakeThe door brake switch in the electricalcenter is similar to the emergencyswitch. This two position toggle switch isused to activate or deactivate the doorbrake function.• When the switch is in the up position,

the door brake is activated.• When the switch is in the down

position, the door brake isdeactivated.

Door brake

Air condition test switchThe switch can be used to test if the airconditioning is working.

A/C gas charging

MCM service switchTo allow for updates or programming ofthe Master Control Module (MCM),ativate the below switch. When theswitch is activated, it is not possible tostart the bus.

MCM service switch

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

49

Gear selector

Gear selectorThe set of buttons that is used forcontrolling the gearbox is located in theinstrument panel.The selected position is shown in thedriver information display.

R Reverse.N Neutral position. No gear engaged.D Automatic position. The gearbox

automatically selects the correct geardepending on load, incline, speedand throttle setting.

M Manual position.+ Changing the gear manually

- Changing the gear manually

For more information, see Gearboxpage 142.

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

50

Climate control

Climate control systemControl panelThe climate control system cools, heatsand dehumidifies the air in the driver'splace.It is normal to have condensation waterdripping under the bus when it is hotoutside.The system remembers the settingsmade in the climate control system whenthe bus is switched off.

Passengers' compartmentThe climate in the passengers'compartment is set in the driverinformation display, see Menu climatepage 40.

1 Temperature, driver's compartment2 Air distribution, driver's compartment3 Air supply fan speed4 Temperature, passengers'

compartment5 Fresh air/recirculation6 Air condition

The indicator in the button illuminateswhen the function is activated.

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

51

Climate control

Air distributionThe incoming air is filtered to removeparticles, and then distributed throughthe various nozzles.Always keep the ventilation nozzles onthe instrument panel open. Regardlessof how the air distribution is set, a smallamount of air from the nozzles keeps thetemperature distribution optimal.

CAUTIONIt is not allowed to install an air cleaner ofthe type O3 Air cleaner in the bus. Such adevice can affect the ventilation of theclimate control system. It can also damageplastic surfaces and seals on theinstrument panel.

NOTE• Do not cover the ventilation nozzles

with clothing or similar.• Do not install optional equipment or

accessories so that any of theventilation nozzles is blocked.

If done, a good ventilation function cannotbe guaranteed!

Adjusting air distributionThe air distribution knob in the driver'scompartment can be set to the followingpositions:

1 Windows (defrost)2 Windows3 Driver / Feet compartment air4 Feet compartment air

In cold weather, it is recommended forthe air to be distributed to the windowsand floor. Air distribution to the windowsimproves the defrost mode, whichremoves ice and mist from the windows.In warm weather, ventilation mode isrecommended.

NOTEWhile the defroster option is on, hot air isblown in regardless of the setting of theknob (1).

SettingsSetting the desiredtemperatureYou control the climate inside the buswith the climate control panel.

• Increase or decrease thetemperature with the knob.

• Start the fan and adjust the fanspeed with the fan knob.

• Select how the air is to be distributedbetween windows, ventilation andfloor, depending on the weatherconditions.

• Start the air conditioning (AC) asrequired (backlit button indicates thatthe air conditioning is switched on).

The AUTO function regulates fan speedand the AC function automatically, sothat the selected temperature is reached.

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

52

Climate control

NOTESwitch on the parking heater until thedesired temperature is reached. When youwant to raise the temperature quickly in acold bus while driving.

Recirculation

Press "recirculation" to circulate the air inthe bus. This function closes all air inletsand is used to block out bad air.

NOTETo avoid misting on the windows, an inflowof fresh air and a running air conditioningare required.Do not use the recirculation in a highatmospheric humidity, heavy rain or lowoutside temperature.

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

53

Climate control

Recommended settings forthe climate1 Temperature, driver's compartment(18-26°C)1 Temperature, driver's compartment(64-79 F)2 Air distribution, driver's compartment,50/503 Air supply fan speed, auto4 Temperature, passenger'scompartment 22°C4 Temperature, passenger'scompartment 72 F

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

54

Parking assistant

Parking assistantThe rear parking assistant facilitatesdistance assessment and informs ofobstructions when there is limited spacebehind the bus. The system is activatedwhen reverse gear is engaged.

CAUTIONThe park assistant does not replace theuse of rear view mirrors.

Display informationThe display indicates the distance to anyobstacle behind the bus. The four barcolumns represent the four sensorsinstalled in the rear bumper, and showthe direction and location of theobstacle(s).

1 Rear bumper sensors2 Distance bar columns

3 Distance in meters

The bars are illuminated to visualize thedecreasing distance to the obstacle. Thedigits indicate the distance in metersfrom the obstacle closest to thesensor(s).

Distance Alarm Bar colour<0,35 m Consistent alarm Red0,35 – 0,7 m Acoustic signal/

beepRed

0,7 – 1,0 m Acoustic signal/beep

Orange

1,0 – 2,5 m Acoustic signal/beep

Orange

2,5 – 4,0 m No signal Orange>4,0 m No signal -

When reverse gear is engaged, thesystem automatically starts up with ashort acoustic signal, and is activatedafter approx. 3 s. Volume adjustmentTo adjust the volume of the acousticsignal, use the switch at the back of thedisplay to select HI, LOW or OFF.Fault tracing If the system does not start up whenreverse gear is engaged, it may indicatethat one or several of the sensors aredirty or have been damaged.

Error message E1, E2, E3 or E4 on thedisplay with corresponding amount ofbeeps refer to error with the sensor orsensor cable for first, second, third orfourth sensor respetively. If EE is shown in the display with a 1,5 slong error signal, none of the sensors arein working order.Contact a Volvo workshop forinformation and advice.

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

55

Destination sign

Destination signsThe destination sign system providespassengers with relevant routeinformation: destination, route numbersand information about travel timebetween stops and other information.The system comprises two integratedsigns:1 External destination signs — Located

above the windscreen and above thepassenger entrance, they show theroute number and destination. Also,a rear sign, which shows the routenumber.

2 Internal destination signs — Locatedabove the gangway, it providesinformation such as the current andnext stop, destination and routenumber.

The destination sign system is part of thecommunication system, automaticallycontrolled by GPS and/or distancemeasurement signals during the journey.The destinations signs are managedfrom the destination sign control unit.Texts for the destination signs areprepared in the editor, and thentransferred to the control unit via a USBmemory stick.

Control panelThe control panel has four operatingbuttons to navigate through the userinterface, a green OK button and a redCancel button. Load new customer data,configuration and software from a USBflash drive in the slot. A green lightflashes when the device is working.

1 Display2 USB socket3 Left button4 Up button5 OK button6 Cancel button7 Down button8 Right button9 Control lamp

DisplayThe main menu is divided in two differentlayouts:1 Input screen

All changes are done in the inputscreen. Press a button to close theinput screen.

2 Idle screenThe display returns to the idle screenafter a period of inactivity. The idletimer can be adjusted in the settingsmenu.

Operating the control unitBefore driving, the required settings forthe route have to be entered. The routecodes can be entered directly using thearrow buttons.During the ride, the communicationsystem is automatically controlled byGPS and/or distance measurementsignal.To access the route selection mode,press the OK button (4). In the routeselection mode, the destinationinformation sent to signs can bechanged.Following settings can be adjusted byusing the navigation instruction below• Destination selection• Extra text option

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

56

Destination sign

• Departure time• BOX function

1 To enter the route selection mode,press OK button (4).

2 Press the Right (7) button untilselecting the wanted setting.

3 To enter the wanted setting, pressthe OK button.

4 Use the up (3) or down button (6) toincrease or decrease the value of thedigit.

5 To move between the digits to bechanged, use the left (2) and rightbuttons.

6 After selecting the desireddestination, press the OK button toconfirm and send destinationinformation to the signs.

7 This operation completes in 3seconds. To cancel and keep theprevious information, press Cancelbutton (5).

To change the route direction, accessthe route selection mode.Press Up (3) or Down (6) button forabout 3 seconds until the route directionmessage is displayed in the control unit.To change the route direction, first thedestination file must be prepared for thisfunction.

Service menuTo access the service menu, press theOK button (4).To access the menu, press the Left (2)button. To enter the menu, press the OKbutton (4).After accessing the control unit menu,use the left (2), right (7), up (3) or downbutton (6) to navigate the menufunctions.To exit menu function, press the Cancelbutton (5).Settings can be made for:• Language• Time and date• Control unit panel• Compatible with Sl/SLE family• Compatible with 100FS, 200CF• Display brightness• Roundtrip route configuration• Rebooting the control unit

Updating destination signinformationThe USB socket is located on the rightside of the unit. Plug in the USB flashdrive. A short message on the screen

shows that the USB device isrecognised.To select the required file, press Up (3)or Down (6) button, thus changing thefile to be selected. To confirm, press theOK button (4), or Cancel button (5) tocancel the upload.During file update, the unit shows aprogress bar.When the unit has finished loading theupdate, you are prompted to remove theUSB flash drive and it returns to theroute selection mode.

CAUTIONDo not remove the USB flash drive or turnoff the power supply while uploading data.It corrupts the update file and can lead tomalfunction.

Updating firmwareTo update the firmware, insert the USBflash drive while the control unit is turnedoff or during rebooting.The firmware update is automatic. Whenfinished, remove the USB flash drive.When the USB flash drive is removed,the unit restarts with the new firmware.

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

57

Tachograph

TachographThe bus is equipped with an analoguetachograph where drive and rest timeintervals are recorded mechanically on agraph chart.The tachograph has separate userinstructions supplied in the outercompartment of the driver's handbookbox.The tachograph records speed as wellas drive and rest time intervals. Drivers,companies and authorities can checkthat the applicable rules are followedusing the recorded information.

04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

58

Tachograph 04In

stru

ment

s an

d co

ntro

ls

59

05

Equipment

Infotainment

Safe operation of theinfotainment systemDriving conditions typically require you tohave your full attention on the road. Ifyou handle the system while driving, youmust still keep full concentration on theroad.The following is therefore advised:• Do not use a mobile phone or similar

device while driving.• Never turn the volume louder than

that you can clearly hear soundsfrom outside of your vehicle.

Introduction and overviewThe bus is equipped with a radio paneland a separate control panel. The audioand video sources can be controlledseparately for the driver (cockpit) and forthe passengers (cabin).An amplifier must be fitted in the bus inorder for the radio to function correctly.The main functions of the audio systemare:• Radio• USB/auxiliary audio• CD/mp3 player• Handsfree (Bluetooth® phone)• TV and DVD for passengers

NOTEThe control panel can only be used alongwith the CPA 811 or CPA 2011 amplifier(Coach Power Amplifier).

05Eq

uipm

ent

62

Infotainment

Radio and CD panel

1. ON, switch the system on/off2. CD compartment3. Display4. CD eject ▲5. AM, select the MW, LW, SW or AMwavebands6. TA, traffic announcements7. Red phone symbol8. Stored stations 1 - 69. SCRL, display the contents of thedisplay as scrolling text10. Green phone symbol11. FM, select FM or WB (WeatherBand, North America only).

05Eq

uipm

ent

63

Infotainment

Control panel and DVD player

12. Control knob for cockpit13. DVD/CD compartment14. Remote buttons15. Control knob for cabin16. DVD/CD eject ▲17. Source, cabin18. MAP button19. MON button, on/off/sync monitors inthe cabin20. Menu, open main menu21. Back22. Enter, confirm choice, navigation,video, DVD and TV mode

23. NAVI, activate/deactivate connectednavigation systems24. CAM25. Source, cockpit side (video only forcabin)

NOTEInformation from the control panel isshown in the radio panel display or thedashboard display.

05Eq

uipm

ent

64

Infotainment

Remote control 26. Button light on/off27. On/off displays in cabin28. Play/pause29. Stop30. Skip backwards/forward31. Fast search32. MENUShort press: DVD menuLong press: Next disc33. ESC, backwards in DVD menu34. OK, confirm DVD menu choice35. DVD menu controls36. Volume37. Source

Main functionsMany functions are controlled from themenu.• Access the menu by pressing MENU

(20).• Confirm choices with the knob (12).• Exit items with the back (21) button.

The MORE menuMORE is a menu item for systemsettings and other basic settings such asradio region, display and bluetoothpairing.To avoid unintentional changes in thesettings, the MORE menu is protected.When MORE is chosen, the word CODEis displayed. To continue, press bothknobs simultaneously.

Cockpit and CabinThe control panel has cockpit buttons onthe left side and cabin buttons on theright.Choose the cockpit or cabin with a shortpush, knobs (12 or 15) or any of thesource buttons (17 or 25). Confirm withENTER (22). The audio and videosources are controlled separately.COCKPIT or CABIN is displayeddepending on which area is active at themoment.

05Eq

uipm

ent

65

Infotainment

Select a source for COCKPIT orCABINFunction ActionSelect radio Press the RADIO

buttonSelect CD source Press the CD buttonSelect AUX/USB Press the AUX buttonSelect video orDVD source

Press the VIDEObutton

LightingThe back lighting of the buttons can beturned on and off on the Remote Controlbutton LIGHT (26).Choose red or green back lighting for thebuttons under: Menu -> More -> System-> Red/Green

Start, turn off and silence the audiosystemThe radio normally turns on and off withthe ignition. To turn it on and offmanually, briefly press the ON (1) button.When the radio is turned off manually, itstays off until manually turned on.To mute the system, briefly press theknob. Press again to restore the sound.

Audio sourcesThe main four audio inputs are RADIO,CD, USB and AUX. Several devices can

be connected and available at the sametime.

Radio ModeSwitch to radio mode as audio source.The radio starts with the latest selectedradio type (FM, AM, MW, LW, SW).Use the FM (11) button to switchbetween the FM-bands and the AM (5)button for the MW, LW and SW.

Search in radio modeBriefly press << or >> (14) to search forradio stations. When a station is found,the search stops. Press again to keepsearching.Search manually by holding down the <<or >>.In search mode:A long press ▼ stores the current stationat next free memory spot (in FMTSbank).A long press ▲ searches and stores thestations automatically at next freememory spot (in FMTS bank).

Store radio stationsWhen in FM or AM mode, use the FMand AM buttons repeatedly to switchbetween memory banks.Switch between the memory banks:• MENU -> BAND

Proceed as follows to store a radiostation on the desired number:• Press and hold one of the buttons 1–

6 to store a station.

• Select a stored radio station with abrief press on one of the buttons.

Radio data system (RDS)RDS is used by many radio stationsthroughout Europe. The system providesfeatures such as Automatic frequencychanging (AF) and trigger signals forTraffic announcements (TA).

Alternative frequency (AF)The frequency range for FM stations isfairly limited, many stations thereforebroadcast on alternative frequencies indifferent areas. Use the AF function tolisten to a station without interruption.• Press MENU and select AF to turn

on or off the function.• When Alternative Frequency is

active, the display shows AF.

Traffic announcements (TA)This function allows the radio to interruptwith traffic announcements regardless ofthe mode it is in.When TA is broadcasting, interrupt anannouncement by pressing the TAbutton. The function remains active.

05Eq

uipm

ent

66

Infotainment

When TA is not broadcasting, turn thefunction on and off with the TA button.When the Traffic Announcementsfunction is active, the display shows"TA".

Important Public AnnouncementImportant Public Announcement can bebroadcast over the radio in case ofserious events.This function cannot be deactivated.

RADIO functionsFunction Action*SEARCH < search downwards

> search upwards*TUNE Select a frequency*STORE Store a station*BAND Select the desired memory

bank and locationTRAVEL-S Start the Travelstore

functionTA ON/OFF Switch traffic

announcements on/offAF ON/OFF Automatic switching to

alternative frequencieson/off

REG ON/OFF Switch the regional functionon or off

AUTO/MANUAL

Switch between automaticand manual tuning

CD modeIn the CD menu, choose folders and/ortracks to play.Tracks can also be played in a randomorder (RND ON/OFF) or repeated (RPTON/OFF).To adjust the audio from a CD source inthe cockpit or cabin, first set the focus tothe area.Press the << or >> to switch betweentracks. To rewind or fast forward, holdthe buttons down.Switch between folders with ▼ or ▲.AUX and USB mode

NOTETo use AUX, it must be turned on in thesystem settings.

Turn on AUX, press Menu -> More ->System -> AUX On/Off.The volume of the AUX device must beset to max. If the max volume from theAUX device is too low, adjust the volumeon the radio.

USB icon: active and available

Audio settingsThe different sound settings for the radioare available in the menu.Audio Settings

NOTERemember to change focus betweencockpit and cabin!

Adjusting the sound profileThe sound profile can be adjusted in themenu under AUD.When the name of the function isdisplayed, adjust it between -7 and 7 byturning the knob.Available functions:• BASS• TREBLE• BALANCE (left - right)• FADER (front - rear)• CENTER (everything to 0)• RESTORE (back to current sound

profile)

The sound profile is saved in the More ->Save -> Store a sound profile.

Adjusting the volume up and downThe volume of the current source israised and lowered by turning the knobs.

05Eq

uipm

ent

67

Infotainment

The radio starts at the same volume (but,within the pre-set minimum andmaximum limits) it had when it wasturned off.The minimum and maximum for start-upvolume are found here:Menu -> Setvol -> Cockpit/Cabin -> MinV/Max V

MAS settingsTurn the MAS on and off in the menu.MAS is only visible in the menu if a MAS- a multichannel audio system isconnected.

TV and DVD modeThe media player, together with externaldevices and displays, is also a TV andDVD-system for passengers in the bus.Extra devices that can be connected tothe system:• Video player• DVD player• TV tuner

Beside the internal DVD drive, two extravideo sources (video/DVD player or TVtuner) can be connected. For two extravideo sources, a video box must beused.

TV modeTo change TV channels in the cabin, usethe control panel or remote control to setthe focus to the cabin.Start a channel search with the << or >>buttons.Switch to previous or next channel with ▼or ▲ buttons.

Functions in the TV menuFunction Action<SEARCH Channel search downwardsSEARCH> Channel search upwardsPROG- Switch to previousPROG+ Switch to next*AUD Open sound settings

DVD modeTo control the VIDEO and DVD contentin the cabin, use the control panel orremote control to set the focus to thecabin.Press the << or >> to switch betweenchapters. To rewind or fast forward, holdthe buttons down.Pause the playback with ▼ and resumewith ▲.

Functions in the DVD menuFunction ActionChapter- /Chapter+

Switch to the previous (-)or next (+) chapter (DVDis playing)

Random on/off Switches the randommode on/off. (RND)

Repeaton/off

Switches the trackrepeat on/off. (RPT)

*AUD Opens the soundsettings menu.

*LANGUAGE Choose language formenu, subtitles andaudio(DVD-MEN, DVD-SUBand DVD-AUD)

*PARENTA Select parental controls(KID-SAVE or ADULT)

RESET Reset the DVD settings.

Monitor settingsThe monitors in the cabin can bemanually turned on and off and/or besynchronised when a video source isplaying in the cabin.• To turn the monitors on or off, press

the MON (19) button briefly.• To synchronise the monitors, long

press the MON button.

If the monitors are synchronised with avideo source, they turn on and offtogether with the video source.

05Eq

uipm

ent

68

Infotainment

AnnouncementsUp to three microphones forannouncements can be connected to thesystem, see Microphone page 70.When a microphone is connected andswitched on, adjust the volume byturning the knob (15). Press and turn theknob to distribute the volume betweenthe microphone and the other audiosource.Adjust BASS and TREBLE in themicrophone menu.

Phones and Bluetooth®devices

NOTEPhone and Bluetooth® audio functions onlyin the cockpit. When ignition is on and aphone is connected, the systemautomatically switches to handfree forincoming calls.

NOTEBluetooth® may not work correctly if, forexample, there are metal objects betweenthe radio and the phone.

Bluethooth® settings in the mainmenuFind the Bluetooth® functions in the mainMenu under "BTOOTH".• Switch Bluetooth® on or off (BT ON/

OFF)• Make the system visible for other

devices (BT-PAIR)• Display the currently connected

mobile phone (BT-JOIN)

Icons: Bluetooth® enabled.

Functions in the phone bookTo open the phone book menu, longpress the Green phone (10) button. Findthe following functions in the phonebook:• Select contact or phone number and

make a call (PH-BOOK)• List of received calls (M-CALLS)• List of dialled numbers (R-CALLS)• To dial a number (DIAL-NO)

NOTEThe phone book is not available when theBluetooth® symbol flashes.

Phone functions on the radio panelFunction ActionAnswer call Briefly press the GREEN

phone button (10)Reject or endcall

Briefly press the REDphone button (6)

Adjust volumeduring call

Turn the CONTROL knob(12)

Open phonebook

Long press the GREENphone button (10)

Close phonebook

Briefly press the REDphone button (6)

Transfer call tomobile phone

Long press the AM button

Transfer call tosystem

Long press the FM button

Extra devicesThe following extra devices can beconnected to the system (not describedin this book):• Video players, DVD players and TV

tuners.

• Navigation; display the navigationmap and system displays.

• Drivers monitor displays images fromcameras, navigation information anda video signal.

Beside the DVD drive, two extra videosources can be connected (video/DVD

05Eq

uipm

ent

69

Infotainment

player or TV tuner). A videobox must beused if two video sources are connected.

Further system settingsThe "MORE" menu contains severalsystem settings.

Function Action*SYSTEM Deactivate private mode (PRIV

OFF/1/2)Select the colour of the buttonillumination (RED/GREEN)Set the type of deviceconnected to the VIDEO1and/or VIDEO2 connection(VIDEO1 or VIDEO2)Switch the AUX input on or off(AUX ON/OFF)

MicrophoneThe microphones are part of the audiosystem.

LoudspeakersLoudspeakers for driverThe loudspeakers for the driver are fittedin the ceiling or in the partition wallbehind the driver seat.

Loudspeakers for driver, behind seat

Loudspeakers in passengers areaThe loudspeakers for passengers areplaced in individual panels, above eachpair of passenger seats.

05Eq

uipm

ent

70

Camera

Reversing cameraThe reversing camera is mounted abovethe rear window, behind the roof spoiler.It turns on and off automatically when thereverse gear is engaged and the imageis transmitted to the driver's display.

DisplayThe images from the cameras are shownon the driver's display on the dashboard.The camera switch(es) next to thedisplay allow for navigation betweencameras.

05Eq

uipm

ent

71

Wheelchair lift

Wheelchair liftThe bus is equipped with a wheelchairlift. It has a rated load capacity of 350 kg(766 lb).The lift is operated using a hand heldcontrol. Using the buttons, the lift isdeployed from and stowed in its storagecompartment.The lift can accommodate a wheelchairand a carer. During operation, the liftplatform remains parallel to the bus floor.Reflective hazard stripes are located onthe side edges of the platform, andwarning lights that come on during liftoperation.In the event of power loss, the lift can beoperated manually. Equipment and toolsrequired for manual operation arelocated in the luggage compartment,near the lift.Before operating the lift, study the safetyprecautions for safe use.

Operating instructionsOperate the lift only when the bus issafely parked on level ground.

• To allow movement of the lift, leave 5m free space. Make sure that theextended platform is not a threat topassengers or other road users.

• The bus must be within 65 cm (26 in)of the curb. The rear section of theplatform must overlap the curb with aminimum of 20 cm (8 in).

Power switchTurn on the lift power switch on thedashboard.

Interlock systemEnsure that the interlock system isactivated. The interlock system preventsthe lift from being operated if it is unsafeto do so.The button in use must be helddepressed until the motion is completed.Movement of the platform can be haltedat any time by releasing the button.

1 Up2 Down3 Emergency stop switch

CAUTIONBefore attempting to raise or lower theplatform, verify that the two maintenancesafety pins are not inserted into theintermediate frame and platform. Severedamage can occur if the pins are inserted.

05Eq

uipm

ent

72

Wheelchair lift

Deploy platformTo deploy the lift, open the liftcompartment door and hatch.• Insert the plug of the hand held

control into the socket located next tothe lift.

• Release the emergency stop switchon the handheld control by turning itin the direction of the arrows.

Assist passenger boarding the bus• Depress the Up button on the hand

held control to fully extend theplatform outside the door.

• Depress the Up button until theplatform is raised at least 10 cmabove the level of the compartment.

• Lift the rails to the upright position.

NOTEEnsure that the rails are secured againstself-folding.

• To lower the platform to the ground,press and hold the Down button.

• The safety flap opens automaticallywhen the lift touches the ground.

• Place the wheelchair in the properposition on the platform.

CAUTIONMake sure that the passenger hasactivated the wheelchair lift locking device.

• To raise the platform, press and holdthe Up button.

• Position the wheelchair in a suitablelocation in the bus.

Assist passenger leaving the busDeploy the platform as described.

NOTEEnsure that the rails are secured againstself-folding.

• To raise the platform, press and holdthe Up button.

• Carefully place the wheelchair in thecentre of the platform.

• To lower the platform to the ground,press and hold the Down button.

Stow platformWhen the passenger is safely on theground, the lift can be stowed in itscompartment.• Raise the platform at least 10 cm

above the compartment.• Fold the hand rails by pulling the

blocking handles and then folding therailing on the platform.

05Eq

uipm

ent

73

Wheelchair lift

• Fold the platform.• Depress the Up button until the

platform stops automatically at thecompartment level.

• Depress the Down button to retractthe ramp platform into thecompartment.

• Pull out the plug from the hand heldcontrol socket on the ramp and storethe control in a safe place.

Emergency operationBefore operating the lift manually, turnoff the electric supply to the wheelchairlift to avoid unexpected movements.Apply the handbrake and open the doorand hatch to access the lift. Only use the manual operation to exit thebus.

DANGERFor safety, two people must perform thisoperation, one next to the control devices,and the other opposite the door.

Enable emergency use• Inside the luggage compartment,

locate the switch on the electric boxnext to the lift compartment. Turn theswitch to disconnect the motor fromlocking the platform extension.

• Facing the door and lift, pull the redhandle on the left-hand side of thecompartment.

DANGERWhen the platform is fully deployed, lock itwith the switch on the electric box. If theplatform is not locked, it can moveunexpectedly and cause serious injuriesand damage.

Deploy platform• Once the handle drive has been

released, pull at the outside edges ofthe platform using both handsoutwards until it deploys fully.

• Remove the lever for the hand pumphandle. It is fitted on the rear wall ofthe control housing in the luggagecompartment.

05Eq

uipm

ent

74

Wheelchair lift

• Fit the lever in the handle of the handpump.

• Move the lever up and down to raisethe platform 15 cm.

Lower platform• Depress the solenoid valve fitted on

the lift control housing at the side ofthe luggage compartment to lowerthe platform.

The platform will stop when the solenoidvalve is no longer depressed or when theplatform is in the lowest position.

Emergency safety flapRemove the lock nut from theemergency button to open the safetyflap, located in the lift frame.

• Turn the button anticlockwise to openthe emergency flap.

• Rotate the button in the clockwisedirection to close the emergency flap.

• Fasten the button with the nut.

Do not forget to lift the rails, seepage 73.

Raise platform• Move the hand pump lever up and

down to raise the platform to thehighest position.

Stow platform• Prior to stowing the platform,

disconnect the motor using theswitch on the electric box next to thelift compartment.

05Eq

uipm

ent

75

Wheelchair lift

• Rotate the button in the clockwise toclose the emergency safety flap.Fasten the button with the nut.

• Use the hand pump lever to raise theplatform 15 cm above the liftcompartment.

• Fold the rails, see page 73.

• Lower the platform level to the liftcompartment using the solenoidvalve.

• Push the platform into the liftcompartment using both hands.

• Return the switch on the electric boxnext to the lift compartment to itsnormal position.

NOTEUse the hand lever when the platform is onthe ground and the solenoid valve whenthe platform is higher than thecompartment.

More functionsBridgeplate load sensorThe sensor switch is located in thehydraulic line connected to thebridgeplate hydraulic cylinder. It inhibitsraising or lowering of the platform whendetecting an object on the bridgeplate.

Threshold warning systemThis module is installed above the liftcompartment. It has an indicator lightwhen it is on.The acoustic sensors are enabled whenthe door is open and the interlock systemrequirements are met.

1 Status indicator2 Buzzer3 Flashing light4 Acoustic sensors

NOTEWhen someone is detected in thethreshold area and the platform is lowerthan the floor, an audible buzzer and aflashing red light are activated.

Lift cycle counterThe cycle counter is located near theelectronic controller, right above theaccess panel. It is used to schedule

maintenance operations. The platformmust be fully stowed to view the cyclecounter display.

General safety precautionsDANGER

To avoid injury, always ensure that bodyparts or clothing are not in the way of thelift's movements.

• The wheelchair occupant must faceoutward on platform when entering orexiting the bus to minimise thepossibility of rear wheels rolling up.

WARNINGDo not stand in front of the lift whiledeploying the platform.

05Eq

uipm

ent

76

Wheelchair lift

CAUTIONThe edges of the platform must be alignedwith the lateral plate. Do not try to push therollstop if the platform is not aligned, it candamage the lever mechanism.

• Lock the wheelchair brakes when onthe platform (power chair users mustturn off the power and activate thebrake).

• Use great care in wet conditions,because the wheelchair brakes areless effective if the wheels or theplatform are wet.

NOTECareful supervision is necessary if usednear children.

• Being able to pivot inside the busassures that a passenger can safelyexit facing outward. Do not placelarge pieces of equipment that canhinder the wheelchair.

• Do not rely on a threshold-warningdevice (audible, or other) to confirmthat it is safe for a passenger to exit.

• Be certain that the wheelchair fitssafely on the platform.

• The lift is intended only for awheelchair and occupant orcaregiver.

MaintenanceRefer to the cycle counter located on therear side of the hydraulic power unit.Under normal operating conditions,maintenance inspections are required atregular intervals. Ten cycles areconsidered average daily use.

WARNINGMaintenance or service operation on thelift, must be performed by mechanics withtechnical expertise and experience in thefield of vehicle service.

05Eq

uipm

ent

77

Toilet

ToiletActivate the toiletTo activate the toilet main power supply,push the WC button on the dashboard.

OverviewThis overview gives a general partdescription of the toilet. Componentplacement can differ between buses.

Interior lightingThe toilet is equipped with movementsensors which control the interior lights.When occupying the toilet, the lights areturned on automatically. When the dooris locked from the inside, the occupiedlamp is turned on in the passenger area.Shortly after the toilet is vacated, thevacant lamp will instead be turned on.

FlushingPress the flushing button once to flushthe toilet. If further flushing is required,wait until the first flushing cycle iscomplete, then flush again.A warning light alerts the driver when thesewage tank is full, and the WCoccupied sign turns on in the passengerarea.

NOTEThe toilet cannot be used until the tank isemptied.

Hand washingThe bus is equipped with a sink, pressthe hand washing button to dispense aset amount of water. A warning lightalerts the driver when the fresh watertank is empty and the occupied WCdisplay turns on in the passenger area.When the fresh water tank is empty, thehand washing button is deactivated.

To activate the water pump, press thehand washing button.

Waste bin and dispensersWaste binThe use of a waste bag isrecommended.Soap dispenserFill the soap dispenser regularly.Toilet paper dispenserIt is recommended that a biodegradablepaper is always used.

05Eq

uipm

ent

78

Toilet

NOTERegular wholesale toilet paper is notrecommended since it can block thesystem.

ValvesUse the valves to fill and drain the tanks.The fill valves for the water tanks arelocated on the right side of the bus,above the front axle. The drain valvesare located under the passenger area infront of the rear axle.

1 Fill valve, water tank for sink2 Drain valve, water tank for toilet3 Sewage tank4 Fresh water tank5 Drain valve, fresh water tank6 Pumps

TanksNOTE

If any of the tanks are full or empty, thedriver is notified by a warning in the driverinformation display

The toilet is equipped with one watertank (for flushing and hand washing) anda sewage tank.Empty the sewage tank:When the sewage tank is full, a red lightin the dashboard alerts the driver. Followthese steps:

1 Position the bus so that the drainvalve outlet is above the indicatedplace for sewage discharge content.

2 Open the tank drain valve, using thebutton placed behind the mirror in thetoilet. A green warning is illuminatedwhile the valve is open.

3 Empty the tank.4 Close the valve by pressing the

button again.

Empty the water tank:Empty the water tank if the ambienttemperature risks falling below 0°C.

05Eq

uipm

ent

79

Toilet

Empty the tank by using the drainingvalve. Position the bus so that the drain valveoutlet is above the indicated place fordraining.Filling the freshwater tank:When the water in the freshwater tankfalls below a certain level, a warning lightin the dashboard alerts the driver. Followthese steps:1 Connect a water hose to the

freshwater tank's fill valve.2 Turn the valve to its filling position.3 Fill the tank.4 Disconnect the water hose.

To prevent the water in the fresh watertank from freezing during coldtemperatures, antifreeze fluid has to beadded. The tank should be emptied when thebus is parked over night or for a longerperiod of time when there is a risk oftemperatures below 0°C.

In case of emergencyPressing the red alarm button alerts thedriver and sound a buzzer. The button islocated on the side of the shelf.

05Eq

uipm

ent

80

Toilet 05Eq

uipm

ent

81

06

Safety and emergency action

Emergency call

Request Support AlertThe Request Support Alert (RSA) switch,or panic button, is a way for the driver toinform the Fleet Management centralsystem that an emergency is occuring.When RSA is activated, a signal is sentto the central system, requestingassistance. The RSA signal includesinformation about the time and date, theposition and speed of the vehicle.RSA makes it possible track the ongoingemergency event, the position of thevehicle and assess the next action toresolve the situation.Other benefits include:• Safety for the drivers.• Follow up and track the position and

events on the vehicle.• Possibility to send support to the

specific location of the vehicle.• Record where RSA events occur to

keep a historical archive.

Panic button (Request Support Alert)

06Sa

fety

and

eme

rgen

cy a

ctio

n

84

In case of fire

Fire protection systemIn case of fire

The symbol above flashes in the driverinformation display and an alarm sounds.Follow these steps:1 Shut off the engine.2 Evacuate the vehicle.3 Turn off the main power switch.4 Keep the engine compartment hatch

closed for at least five more min.5 If necessary, use handheld fire

extinguishers.6 Contact service personnel.

After a fireThe alarm sounds until authorisedservice personnel cancels it.

CAUTIONDetermine the cause of fire and ensure itis seen to before starting the vehicle anew.

The bus is equipped with a fireextinguishing system, which is fullyautomatic and uses water mist toextinguish the fire. The system is

activated through a hydro pneumaticsystem and can operate withoutelectricity. When a fire is detected, watermist is sprayed over the fire to lower thetemperature and push the air away.Depending on the bus engine bay size,the system contains one, two or threeextinguisher fluid bottles.The bus is equipped with an extra nozzlepositioned by the auxiliary heater. Makesure to check the pressure during thedaily maintenance.

Low-pressure indicationIf the pressure is too low in any of thecontainers, an alarm signal sounds andthe red stop lamp is illuminated in the

instrument cluster together with thesymbol in the driver information display. Contact service personnel for support.

Pressure low, fire suppresion system

06Sa

fety

and

eme

rgen

cy a

ctio

n

85

Emergency exit

Door emergency openingNext to each door is a valve that can beused to open the door in case of anemergency. Using the valve cuts thecompressed air supply to the pneumaticsystem, which allows the door to beopened manually.

Door opening emergency valveTo reset the door's compressed airsupply, use the switch for resetting theemergency valves and press the dooropening buttons.

Switch to reset the door's compressed air supply

Emergency windowIn the event of an emergency, the buscan also be exited using the emergencywindows distributed along thepassengers' compartment.

Emergency window

Open and closeTo open an emergency window, lift thewindow release bar (sill) and push thelower part of the window to open.To close an emergency window, pull thewindow back into position. Push downthe release bar to lock the window shut.

Roof hatch emergencyopeningIn case of an emergency, the roof hatchcan be opened by pulling the hatch

release handle and pushing the hatchupwards.

06Sa

fety

and

eme

rgen

cy a

ctio

n

86

Equipment

EquipmentIn case of an emergency, it may benecessary to quickly evacuate the bus.Turn off the ignition and the main switchbefore leaving the bus.All emergency equipment should bechecked at regular intervals to makesure that it is in place and in workingcondition. The location of the safetyequipment may vary, depending onnational regulations. Drivers should knowwhere the equipment is located andensure nothing is missing.Stopping on the roadThink about safety. Moving around astationary bus on a busy road is highlydangerous. Avoid unnecessary risks.If the bus must stop on a busy road dueto a technical error, put on a high-visibility vest and turn the hazard lightsbefore exiting the bus.Place the warning triangle behind thebus, according to the national trafficregulations.Contact Volvo Action Service, they havethe equipment and knowledge to helpyou.

First aid and warningaccessoriesThe first aid kit contains basic material totreat minor and serious injuries. All firstaid material is individually packed andsterilised.The first aid kit and high-visibility vest arelocated in the box above driver's place.The warning triangle is located on thewall behind the driver's seat.

Fire extinguisherThe bus is equipped with a fireextinguisher that can be used toextinguish small fires of flammable liquid,wood, textiles, paper, and electricalequipment.

Fire extinguishers are indicated with anappropriate label.

1 Hold the extinguisher by its handlewith one hand, and pull the safetypin(2) with the other.

2 Point the rubber hose at the heart ofthe fire and press the trigger(1).

1 Trigger2 Safety pin3 Pressure gauge

06Sa

fety

and

eme

rgen

cy a

ctio

n

87

Equipment

NOTERegularly check whether the fireextinguisher pressure gauge needle is inthe green field.

JackThe bus has special designated liftingpoints to ensure the bus can be lifted in asafe manner, see Jacking pointspage 93.

NOTEThe jacks supplied with the bus shouldonly be used to lift the bus to replacepunctured tyres.

06Sa

fety

and

eme

rgen

cy a

ctio

n

88

Equipment

ToolsThe tool box generally contains thesetools. Deviations may occur dependingon market specification.

1 Crank2 Hammer3 Combination screwdriver4 Towing brace and pins5 Socket wrench and lever

6 Hose, pump connection and hoseclamp

7 Adjustable spanner8 Adjustable pliers

06Sa

fety

and

eme

rgen

cy a

ctio

n

89

Recovery and towing

Recovery and towingIf the bus has become difficult to control,it may need to be recovered to aworkshop. Recovery of the bus requireslifting and towing techniques.

NOTEAll activities during the recovering of thebus are made by technician specialists.They have specific knowledge of thebuses and carry the necessary equipmentto undertake the job safely.

There are three main recovery methods:1 Towing - the bus is towed by another

vehicle using the towing rod.2 Lifting and towing - the front or rear

of the bus is raised off the ground bya recovery vehicle.

3 Transporting - winching into atransporter, for example a low loadertrailer.

CAUTIONTow eyes are located on the front and therear of the bus.Only front tow eye is to be used for towingthe bus, with all wheels on the ground.

Procedures before towing

CAUTIONThe propeller shaft must always beremoved for towing if the driving wheelsare in contact with the ground. Thegearbox will be damaged if the propellershaft is not removed.It is not expected by the driver but by thetowing truck.

• Turn on the bus' lights according tonational regulations.

• Place a warning triangle or a flashingyellow light behind the bus accordingto national regulations.

• Chock the wheels.• Remove the propeller shaft or the

drive axles.• Fit the towing brace and the towing

pin.

• Turn off TCS. Otherwise the systemmay activate and the bus disconnectfrom towing.

• If possible, start the engine and leaveit running for the duration of thetowing operation. If the engine is notrunning while towing, the powersteering does work and the bus isheavy to steer.

• Raise the bogie axle so that thewheels are not turning whenreversing the bus.

• Release the parking brakemechanically, see Releasing theparking brake page 91.

WARNINGAlways use a towing brace and towing pinwhen towing. Never tow from the forwardunderrun guard. The underrun guard is notdesigned to withstand this sort of force.

When towing a longer distance, theparking brake might be applied due tothe air pressure in the brake circuitdropping. If the bus' engine cannot bestarted to provide sufficient pressure inthe brake circuit for releasing the parkingbrake, then pressurisation can beperformed using an external source.

DANGERWhen the parking brake is releasedmechanically, the bus completely lacksany braking ability.

06Sa

fety

and

eme

rgen

cy a

ctio

n

90

Recovery and towing

Threading the towing brace

Towing pin and security pin.Use towing brace (1), towing pin (2) andsecurity pin (3) when towing.1 Retrieve the towing brace and

pins,from the tool box.2 Open or remove the front hatch.3 Thread the towing brace.4 Fasten the draw bar to the towing

brace using the towing and securitypins.

Towing brace holder.

WARNINGThe towing brace may only be used whentowing on good roads. It is not intended forrecovery (lifting).

NOTEEach towing eye can be loaded straightfrom the front with half of the bus' grossvehicle weight.

Lifting and towingWARNING

If the bus' electrical system is in workingorder, the main switch and parking lightsmust be turned on during recovery.

Releasing the parking brakeIf the engine stalls, the bus cannotensure sufficient air pressure in thebrake circuit. On such occasions, it maybe neccessary to release the parkingbrake manuallly.

DANGERThe service brakes does not work whenthe air pressure is too low in the brakecircuit.

To release the parking brake requirespressurising the brake circuit from anexternal source. The parking brake canbe released either with air from therecovery truck or from one of the bus'own tyres, or mechanically.

CAUTIONVolvo strongly recommend that servicetechnicians perform all tasks involved inreleasing the parking brakes.

06Sa

fety

and

eme

rgen

cy a

ctio

n

91

Recovery and towing

The tyre inflation hose is connected between thetyre inflation valve and a tyre valve.

Mechanical release of the parkingbrakeWhen towing longer distances, theparking brake can be releasedmechanically.

DANGERThe bus will lose all braking capacity whenthe parking brake is releasedmechanically.

DANGERChock the wheels or connect a draw barbetween the bus and recovery truck toprevent the bus from moving. Some tasksinvolved in releasing the parking brakemay require staff from the recovery truckto work underneath the bus.

06Sa

fety

and

eme

rgen

cy a

ctio

n

92

Punctures

PuncturesThere are a number of safetyrequirements, which must be taken intoaccount in the event of a puncture.

WARNINGAlways ensure that the bus is standing ona level surface and cannot start moving.Chock the wheels or use the towing bar toattach the bus to another vehicle.

Punctured air bellowsIf any of the bus' air bellows arepunctured, further driving should beavoided. The preferred alternative is toreplace the bellow where the bus brokedown, or be towed to the nearest Volvowork shop.Only if other options are judgedimpossible, the bus shall be driven. Insuch case, the speed must be reducedto max 20 km/h and no longer than 0,5 hin order to avoid consequential faults.

Punctured tyresCAUTION

In the event of a tyre puncture, keep inmind that tyres are very heavy, approx.100 kg. Volvo strongly recommend callingfor assistance when replacing puncturedtyres.

Jacking pointsThe bus has special jacking points (1,2).The positions of the jacking points aremarked with labels (3).

Jacking points and label seen from below

NOTEWhen the bus is equipped with twodifferent jacks:Depending on the lifting point in which thejack is positioned, the high or low model isused. In certain cases, both jacks must beused alternately before the wheel runsfreely.

Jacking points:

06Sa

fety

and

eme

rgen

cy a

ctio

n

93

Punctures

Changing wheelsSpare wheelThe bus is fitted with a spare wheellocated underneath the driver's place. To remove the spare wheel for use, openthe front hatch. Unhook the spare wheeltensioning band and lower the sparewheel base support to the ground. Pullout the wheel from underneath the frontof the bus. After the wheel has been replaced, putthe punctured wheel back in the thespare wheel base support. Lift the sparewheel base support using the belttensioner.

CAUTIONIn the event of a tyre puncture, keep inmind that tyres are very heavy, approx.100 kg. Volvo strongly recommend callingfor assistance when replacing puncturedtyres.

Before removing a wheel• Move the bus to a firm, flat surface.• Apply the parking brake.• Turn on the hazard lights.• Put out the warning triangle.• Ask the passengers to leave the bus.

DANGERNever get under a vehicle that is lifted onlywith a jack! Should it be neccessary to getunderneath, ensure the jack getscompletmentary support from axle standsor other suitable equipment.

Removing the wheel1 Place chocks to block the wheels

that have to remain on the ground.

WARNINGAlways make sure that the bus cannotmove.

2 Ensure that the jack is placed on afirm, horizontal surface.Align the jack under the axleindicated by the label.

DANGEREnsure the jack is placed so that no armsor body parts can get caught beneath thebus when lifting the bus.

3 Loosen the wheel nuts but do notremove them.

4 Ensure that the bus cannot slide offthe jack while lifted.

5 Raise the bus until the wheel losescontact with the ground.

6 Remove the wheel nuts completelyand remove the wheel.

For the rear wheels:The jacking point can be a fixture on thechassis or sometimes on an air springmember. Use the adapter if the bus islifted by the air spring member.

Fitting a wheelAlways use studs and nuts that arespecified for the particular type of wheelsyou have.

• Clean and lubricate the wheel boltthreads, using only oil.

• Clean the contact surfaces on thewheel, the brake drum and the hub.

Make sure that the tyres always have thecorrect pressure and that the correct sizeand type of tyres are used.

Fitting a single wheel1 Place the wheel on the hub so that it

is centred.

2 Fit the nuts and gently tighten so thatthe wheel is centred. Torque-tightenthe wheel nuts to 200 ±8 Nmaccording to the tighteningsequence.

06Sa

fety

and

eme

rgen

cy a

ctio

n

94

Punctures

3 After torque-tightening, angle-tightenthe wheel nuts 90°±10° degrees.Lower the bus before final tightening.

Fitting dual wheels1 Fit the two guide sleeves.

2 Place inner wheel onto the hub sothat it is centred.

3 Repeat step 2 for the outer wheel.Make sure that the valve is locatedon the opposite side to the valve onthe inner wheel.

4 Remove the guide sleeves.

5 Fit the nuts and gently tighten.Torque-tighten the wheel nuts to 200±8 Nm according to the tighteningsequence.

6 After torque-tightening, angle-tightenthe wheel nuts 90°±10° degrees.Lower the bus before final tightening.

• Retighten the wheel nuts when thebus has ben driven a short distance(approx. 200 km).

• Every six months: check andretighten all wheel nuts, regardless ofwhether or the wheels have beenremoved or not.

Tightening sequence

NOTEIf the torque is less than 670 Nm ± 30 Nmon a wheel nut after retightening, then allwheel nuts must be loosened and thentorque-tightened and angle tightened inaccordance with the tightening sequence.

06Sa

fety

and

eme

rgen

cy a

ctio

n

95

Emergency starting

Jump start using cablesMake sure that the starter battery of theassisting vehicle has a total voltage of 24V or 24 V system voltage.

NOTETurn off the main switch on the dashboardas well as the battery main switch in thebattery compartment prior to emergencystarting with jump start cables, seepage 46.

1 Position the vehicles ensuring theydo not touch.

2 Turn off the engine of the assistingvehicle.

3 Connect one of the red cable'sclamps to the positive terminal of thebus, marked red, P or +.

4 Connect the other red clamp to thepositive terminal on the battery of theassisting vehicle, marked red, P or +.

5 Connect one of the black cable'sclamps to the negative terminal ofthe assisting vehicle's battery,marked blue, N or –.

6 Connect the other black cable clampto a grounded point some distanceaway from the battery of the bus.

7 Start the engine of the assistingvehicle. Let the engine run for a few

minutes at a higher idling speed thannormal, more than 1000 rpm.

8 Start the engine of the bus.9 Remove the black cable clamp from

the grounded point.10 Remove the black cable clamp from

the negative terminal of the assistingvehicle's battery.

11 Remove the red cable.

NOTEAfter the bus has been jump started, thebatteries should be charged using abattery charger. An alternator can nevercharge the battery to 100 %; in favourablecircumstances a maximum level of 90 %can be achieved.

06Sa

fety

and

eme

rgen

cy a

ctio

n

96

Emergency operation, gearbox

Action in the event ofgearbox malfunctionIf a fault has occurred in the gearbox, thelimp home function can be activated.

NOTEThe function should only be used for shortdistances.

Activate limp home as follows:1 Depress N and + button at the same

time.

The function is activated.The limp home function is disengagedwhen the ignition is switched off.

06Sa

fety

and

eme

rgen

cy a

ctio

n

97

Engine control panel

Engine control panelThe engine control panel is locatedinside the engine service hatch. Onlyauthorised service personnel are allowedto use the switch for turning the engineon and off.

WARNINGThe breaker must be disabled (position 0)while working in the engine compartment.

BreakerWhen the breaker(1) is disabled (position0), the engine cannot be started, neitherfrom the driver´s place nor the enginecompartment.Starter buttonWhen the breaker(1) is enabled (position1) and the starter switch in the driver´splace is in ignition position, the enginecan be started with the starter button (2).

Engine shut off switchPressing the engine shut-off switch (3)stops the engine. To start the engine, theignition must be turned off and on againfrom the driver's place, otherwise onlystarter motor will work.

06Sa

fety

and

eme

rgen

cy a

ctio

n

98

Engine control panel 06Sa

fety

and

eme

rgen

cy a

ctio

n

99

07

Maintenance and service

Daily inspection of the bus

Daily inspection of the busThe chapter on maintenance containsinformation on the preventive workneeds to ensure the bus maintains aroadworthy condition, is safe andreliable.However, the instructions in this sectionare not exhaustive. Many more items areincluded in the service that an authorisedVolvo workshop carries out.Contact an authorised Volvo workshopfor full information about lubricationpoints, oils and fluids, service intervalsand service contracts.

Daily checkThe daily inspection of the bus isimportant to help detect any faults, andto avoid unplanned downtime.

Instrument cluster and driverinformation displayEnsure no warning and indicator lampsare lit in the instrument cluster nor anyfaults stored in the driver informationdisplay.

Fluid levelsCheck the following fluid levels:• washer fluid• coolant• engine oil

• hydraulic oil

The fluid level should be between theminimum and maximum marks on thefluid reservoirs. Top up when necessary.

Washer fluidWindscreen cleaning and headlampcleaning have a common tank. Top upwhen neccessary. Use Volvo's washerfluid. When the level drops to the lowestalarm level, the headlamp washing isswitched off in favour of windscreenwashing.

CoolantCheck the coolant level. If necessary, topup with Volvo Coolant VCS.It is important to use a minimum of 40%concentrated Volvo Coolant VCS in thecooling system, even if there is no risk offreezing. Coolant prevents corrosion anddeposits.In colder climate conditions, use a higherconcentration of coolant as specified byVCS. Consult a Volvo workshop foradvice.

Engine oilIn addition to checking the engine oillevel in the driver information display, thelevel should also be checked manuallyusing the oil dipstick.

Hydraulic oilCheck the hydraulic oil level for thecooling-fan drive and steering servo.

Air tanksPull the air tank valve rings in order tocheck that there is no condensation inthe air tanks. Water in the air tanks is asign that the air drier is not working.

TyresCheck that the tyres are inflated to thecorrect pressures and that they are ingood condition. Inspect between twin-mounted rear wheels to make sure thereare no stones stuck between the wheels.

LeakageCheck that there are no traces of oil, fuelor coolant leaks underneath the bus.

Safety equipmentInspect that the bus' safety equipmentsuch as fire extinguishers, first-aid kit,warning triangle, and glass hammer arein place and working order.

Visual inspectionWindows and rear view mirrors must beintact and clean. Headlamps and otherlighting must be in working order. Checkthe condition of glass lenses, and mirrorglass. Test the direction indicators aswell as the windscreen wipers.

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

102

Daily inspection of the bus

DoorsCheck that all doors open and closeproperly. Ensure that the doors' sensitiveedge protection as well as theemergency opening valves are inworking order.

Destination signCheck that the signs are in working orderand show accurate destination data.

Wheelchair liftCheck the general appearance of the liftand that fasteners are tight. Ensure thatthe lift is in working order, and there areno unusual noises or movements whenoperating the lift.Once every week, perform all liftmovements several times with thecontrol unit. The movements should besmooth and without unusual noises. Thisis especially important when the lift is notused on a regular basis.

Toilet• Check the general condition of the

toilet• Make sure the toilet is clean and

check/refill soap, toilet paper andpaper towels as often as necessary

• Check the toilet equipment• Check the flushing function and tap.

If possible, check the water levels inthe tanks

• Check the toilet light

Fire supression systemMake sure that the alarm lamp indicatinglow pressure in the fire supressioncontainers is not illuminated in the driverinformation display. Check the pressureof each extinguisher container beforeeach working day.

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

103

Fuelling

FuellingThe bus' tanks for fuel and AdBlue mustbe refilled on a regular basis. Make it agood habit to always use a refuellingstop to perform a quick check of the bus.

Refuelling with dieselAlways refuel fully! Refuel after the day'sdriving in order to avoid condensation inthe fuel tank due to temperaturedifferences.

NOTEExercise the utmost cleanliness whenhandling diesel fuel. Be careful to filter thefuel from the external tank or drum andensure that all containers are clean.

Filling with AdBlueWARNING

If filling AdBlue from a canister or pumpwithout a stop function it is important not tooverfill the tank. Pay attention to theamount of AdBlue that is poured into thetank in order to avoid the risk of overfilling.If the tank is overfilled then AdBlue mayleak out through the air vent pipe.If the tank is overfilled and the fluid in itfreezes (temperature below -11 °C) thenthe tank and hoses can be permanentlydamaged.

1 Overfilled.2 Max level.3 Min level.

Measures after spillage

NOTEAdBlue spillage must not be allowed toenter the normal drainage system.

• AdBlue is not classed as beinghazardous to the environment butshould still be handled with care.

• In the event of contact with the skin –rinse with plenty of water and removecontaminated clothing.

• In the event of contact with the eyes– rinse thoroughly for severalminutes. Seek medical attention ifnecessary.

• If inhaled – breathe fresh air and callfor medical help if necessary.

• Do not allow AdBlue to come intocontact with other chemicals.

• AdBlue is not flammable. If AdBlue isexposed to high temperatures, it willbe reduced to ammonia and carbondioxide.

• If AdBlue is spilled on the bus, wipeoff the excess and rinse with water.AdBlue is corrosive with metals suchas copper and aluminium. It can alsocause damage to alloys such asbrass.

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

104

Fuelling

• Spills may form white crystals ofconcentrated AdBlue on the bus.Rinse these crystals off with water.

CAUTIONAdBlue is highly corrosive and maydamage connectors. If AdBlue entersconnectors and cables then these must bereplaced. Cleaning on its own is notsufficient.

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

105

Vehicle cleaning

Keep in mind that the warranty does notapply if the instructions described in thischapter are not followed.The warranty may be affected if thevehicle is used in a manner other thanfor which it was intended, faultyworkmanship, or when bodywork has notbeen conducted in accordance withVolvo Bus Corporations’ instructions.Pressure washerPressure washing is an efficient way toclean the bus. Exercise caution when using pressurewashers. Penetrating water and dirt maycause damage. Damage occurs overtime and the connection with washing isnot obvious.The minimum permitted distancebetween the pressure washer nozzle andthe washing surface is:• 30 cm with a flat wide jet• 70 cm with round concentrated jet

The maximum water jet pressure shouldnot exceed 130 bar.Do no use rotating and pulsing highpressure nozzles on rubber, especiallynot on tyres and rubber bellows.When using pressure washers, themaximum permitted temperature is 50°C.

CAUTIONNever spray water directly on to:• Electrical components and connectors• Air inlets and ventilation for gearboxes,

oil reservoirs, etc.• Sound baffles• Universal joints• Slip joints• Joints• Support bearings• Sealings

Cleaning agentsMost cleaning agents contain sodiumhydroxide ranging from 0,5-5%depending on the product used. Theseagents can be both corrosive and irritantto the skin and airways. Inadequaterinsing will result in dull paintwork andmay leave a highly corrosive residue.Keep contact with alkali sensitivematerials to a minimum and do not allowthe cleaning agent to dry on the surface.Use degreasers with caution. They aregenerally made up of strong alkaline (pH>12) and they are highly corrosive. Toremove salt, soot and asphalt, usecleaning agents with a neutral pH value.

NOTEIt is important to wear suitable protectiveclothing and follow recommendedinstructions for any product used.

The scale below shows a safe, unsafeand extremely unsafe levels of pH inwater or cleaning agents. Therecommended pH is between 5,5-8.

Acidic

0

EXTREMLYUNSAFE

1234

Weak acid 5 UNSAFE

pH neutral6

SAFE PH7

Weak alkaline 8 UNSAFE

Strong alkaline

9

EXTREMLYUNSAFE

1011121314

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

106

Vehicle cleaning

DANGERAlways read the instructions governingand how to proceed in a hazardoussituation before using a cleaning agent.

The empty packaging from cleaningagents used in washing, waxing andpolishing should be disposed of in anecologically sound manner. This alsoinclude fabric items used for cleaning orpolishing painted surfaces.

Engine and chassiscleaning

NOTEThe bus may only be washed in a placeintended for this purpose.

Engine washIt is important to keep the engine roomclean. It contains many critical parts thatmust be kept clean in order to maintainsafe and reliable operation.Wash off any oil or diesel spillage. Usehot water for cleaning the engine anduse pressure washer with caution. Avoidspraying water on the alternator, startermotor and other electrical components.Cleaning sound baffles mounted aroundthe engine and gearbox should becarried out with great caution. The

baffles are easily damaged, especiallywhen using pressure washersChassis washBe particularly careful when pressurewashing axles, joints and other movingparts where water and dirt can be forcedin. If possible, avoid washing offlubricant. Should this still happen, makesure to lubricate the components.

NOTERemember to review underbody anti-corrosion coating once per year.

Contact a Volvo workshop forinformation and advice.Use automatic underbody washers withcaution. The pressure washers candamage critical components mountedunderneath the chassis.Tyres and air suspension bellowsPulsating high pressure may damagetyres and air suspension bellows. Thedamage is not visible but may eventuallycause tyres or bellows to rupture.RadiatorCleaning the radiator should be carriedout with great caution. The fins are easilydamaged, especially when usingpressure washers.

RimsRims are often exposed to different typesof dirt such as road dirt, oil, asphalt, tarand brake dust. To protect the rims fromdiscolouration, oxidisation andunnecessary wear, regular maintenanceis required. For additional protection aprotective wax must be used, e.g. whendriving in slush, salted roads orenvironments close to the sea.Clean the rims regularly. First rinse withwater, preferably using a pressurewasher. Use a brush to clean the rim.

AluminiumAlumium is sentive and is damaged ifexposed to pH-values below 4,5 andabove 7. For stubborn dirt, use acleaning agent intended for aluminiumrims. Rinse with clean water afterwards.

NOTEAbrasive polish or cleaning agents mustnot be used, since this will damage therim’s surface.

SteelFor stubborn dirt, an alkaline cleaningagent (pH<7) may be used.For information on recommendedcleaning agents, see Cleaning agentspage 106.

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

107

Vehicle cleaning

Wheelchair ramp and liftRegular cleaning with liquid hand soapor car wash liquid and drying thoroughlyprotects the painted surfaces. Cleaningis especially important in areas whereroads are salted in winter. Make surethat the pivot points are clean, dry andlubricated.

Exterior cleaningCare for the new busDuring the first couple of months afterthe bus is delivered, the paint finish issensitive and require special attention.

Washing by handDuring the two first months from delivery,wash the bus with water and a milddetergent.• Before washing, rinse the bus with

water to remove sand and grit. Thewater temperature should belukewarm.

• Use a soft cloth or brush.• Rinse the washed surface with clean

water immediately after washing toavoid stains from the cleaning agent.

• Dry washed surfaces with a soft, drycloth.

• Avoid washing the bus in directsunlight. Since it will dry fast, it maystain the surface.

Never wash the bus when covered with aresidue of snow or ice.For information on recommendedcleaning agents, see Cleaning agentspage 106.

NOTERinse the bus from top to bottom. Payattention to carvings and joints.

Washing and after careTo obtain a high level of paint finishprotection, it is essential to performproper cleaning of the bus. It does notonly prolong the life of the paint finish, italso ensures the cleanliness andappearance of the bus.The optimum ambient temperature forwashing the bus is 10-30° C. Avoidwashing in ambient temperatures below0° C.

Operational conditionsThe bus' paint layers are exposed to:• temperature changes• moisture, water and road salt• animal excrement

• chemicals• acidic or alkaline cleaning agents• sand, dirt and sediment that become

abrasive in windy conditions

All of the above have a negative impactof the paint finish.Paint is an important part of the vehicle'srust protection, and should therefore bechecked regularly for damage. Paintdamage requires immediate treatment inorder to prevent corrosion.Contact a Volvo workshop forinformation and advice.

CAUTIONRemove bird droppings as quickly aspossible, since it harms and discolours thepaint.

NOTEIn the event the bus should be parked for alonger period of time, 7 days or more, it isimportant to wash the bus carefully. This isparticularly important for the engine room,underneath the bus, wheelhouses, anddoor mechanisms as well as the exterior ofthe bus.

Winter careIf the bus is placed in a heated hall,condensation is formed between thecoating and metal due to rapid change in

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

108

Vehicle cleaning

temperature. This may cause atemporary effect on the adhesion of thecoating.

CAUTIONWash the bus more often during the winteror other dirty driving conditions. Grittingsalt and moisture can cause corrosion.

Car washBefore entering a car wash, check thatany extra fittings are well fastened toensure that the car washs brushes donot knock them off.Only wash the bus in a car wash withclean brushes.

NOTEIt is not recommended to use a car washfor the first 4 weeks after delivery, sincethe paint will not have hardenedsufficiently.

Brushes• Nylon brushes cause higher wear on

the paint finish than polishingbrushes.

• Dirt in the brushes can be caused byincorrect handling of cleaning agents.

WaxingWax is used in order to properly maintainand protect the paint finish. When waterforms droplets on the surface, it indicates

that the paint finish is covered with aprotective layer. When the water nolonger form droplets it is time to renewthe protective layer.Before waxing the paint finish, the busshould be washed thoroughly.• Do not put wax on a surface that

cannot be buffed up easily .• The optimum ambient temperature

for waxing is 15-25°C.• Apply the wax in thin layers.• Dry the applied wax coat with a soft

cotton cloth to obtain a sheen.

CAUTIONDo not wax the bus during the first 90 daysfrom the delivery date.

NOTENever wax the bus in full sunlight. Thesurface will be too hot and the wax will bedifficult to remove, and this may result inspots.

Some cleaning agents contain wax. Noadditional waxing should be carried out.

NOTEWaxing reduces the need for some strongcleaning agents and reduce corrosion. Italso shorten the cleaning time.

PolishingPolishing can be carried out when dirthas not been removed after cleaning, orif there are small scratches in the paintfinish.Polishing gives new lustre to damaged orfaded paint.

CAUTIONPolishing causes a reduction in thethickness of the paint layer.

• Wash the bus before polishing.• Only use pastes and polishing

agents recommended by autorizedVolvo service outlets together with itsinstructions.

• Small fragments of the paintedsurface can be buffed up by handusing a soft cloth.

Contact a Volvo workshop for polishinglarger areas.

WindshieldTo prevent windshield wiper streaking,keep silicone sprays away from thewindshield. Remove road film and waxbuild-up from windows with soap andlukewarm water or with an alcohol basedcleaning agent. If a chamois is used todry and polish glass, use it exclusivelyfor that purpose.

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

109

Vehicle cleaning

Wiper bladesTo avoid tearing frozen wiper blades,loosen them before use. Remove andclean the wiper blades periodically withan alcohol based cleaning agent. Use asoft cloth or sponge.

StickersApplication of films and stickers shouldbe performed by authorized servicepersonnel.

CAUTIONPlacing stickers, film and advertisingapplication is allowed after a minimum of90 days drom the delivery date of the bus.

When applying and removing film orstickers, carefully follow the suppliers'instructions.Application and removal should be donein room temperature, ensuring that thebus is also the same temperature.Carefully heat sticker prior to removal,and peel it off at a 90° angle.

Interior cleaningCorrect maintenance of all bus interiorwill ensure optimum service life anddurability.Areas subject to heavy passenger userequire greater attention.Always start cleaning items locateduppermost in the bus (ceilings, luggageracks, lights), and then move on to itemslocated further down (wall laminates,partition walls, hand rails, seats). Floorcleaning should be carried out last of all.Do not walk on washed or cleanedsurfaces until they are completely dry.

CAUTIONDo not use aggressive or corrosivecleaning agents. Use environmentallyfriendly, neutral cleaning agentsrecommended by Volvo workshops.

For information on recommendedcleaning agents, see Cleaning agentspage 106.

Driver's placeTake special care when cleaning thedriver's place.Wipe the dashboard and steering wheelwith a damp cloth and a mild cleaning

agent. Do not use solvents since theycan damage the surface.Sweep the floor with a soft brush or avacuum cleaner, and wipe the floor witha damp mop.

CAUTIONDo not use pressure washers or steamwashers inside the driver's place.Sensitive components can be severelydamaged by excessive water.

FloorsFollow the cleaning instructions tomaintain the visual appearance andfunctional properties of the floor.

Daily maintenance• Sweep the floor with a soft brush or a

vacuum cleaner.• Wipe the floor down with a damp

mop.• Where there is a lot of dirt on the

floor, such as near the entrancedoors, pram bays and gangwayareas, clean with a damp, well-wrungmop with cleaning agent. Use a mopor floor washer to remove any dirtywater.

To avoid damage to the floor of the busand luggage compartment, do not use:

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

110

Vehicle cleaning

• Pressure washers, steam cleaners orrunning water

• Abrasive disc or rotary scrubbingmachines

• Solvents, aggressive cleaning agentsor alcohol-based solvents

CAUTIONDo not leave water on the floors to soak.Water can enter the floor and damage thefloor structural parts.

Monthly maintenanceA more thorough cleaning should bedone once per month.• Sweep the floor with a soft brush or a

vacuum cleaner. Pay attention toplaces that are difficult to access(under the seats, the floor edges andthe corners) with a hand brush.

• Distribute the cleaning agent over thefull floor area of the bus, and wait for2 to 3 min.

• Scrub the floor with a long-handledbrush or small scrubbing brush.

• Remove any stubborn stains such aschewing gum, asphalt, etc. using ascraper or brush.

• Use a mop or floor washer to removeany dirty water.

Rubber edgings• Wipe down the rubber corner

edgings with a damp cloth.• Where there is a lot of dirt on the

floor, clean it with a damp cloth orbrush, using a neutral cleaningagent.

• Stubborn stains such as chewinggum or asphalt, etc. should beremoved using a scraper.

NOTEUse the scraper with care to preventdamage to the edgings. Pierced edgingscan cause water to seep under thecovering during cleaning and this maycause damage to the floor adhesive.

CarpetingVacuum clean all carpet surfaces insidethe bus on a daily basis. The carpets donot have to be removed duringvacuuming.However, washing the carpets should bedone outside the bus. Start by vacuumcleaning the carpet to remove dirt. Thentake the carpet outside and wash it usinga special agent designed for thispurpose.The carpet covering in the gangway, onthe steps, in the driver's place, under thepassenger seats and in the luggage

compartments is easily removed fromthe floor using retaining studs.

NOTEAfter removing the carpet covering,vacuum or sweep the floor to remove dustand sand.

Wall and ceilingLaminatesDaily maintenance of wall and ceilinglaminates, as well as lower partitionitems involve thorough wiping down ofthe laminate surface using a damp clothand cleaning agent.Wall laminates and interior partitionlaminates should be cleaned more often,since they are more likely to get dirty.Problematic dirt, such as scuff marksfrom shoes, mud, etc. should beremoved using a cleaning agent andbrushes of medium stiffness. Aftercleaning the surface, wipe it down with adamp cloth.

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

111

Vehicle cleaning

CAUTIONDo not use solvents as they can result inthe laminate pattern being rubbed off.

Stubborn stains such as chewing gum orasphalt, etc. should be removed using ascraper.

CAUTIONSoaking laminates in water may result inseparation of the laminate layers andirreparable damage.

UpholsteryDaily maintenance of the upholstery triminvolves thorough removal of dust fromthe surface of the upholstered itemsusing a soft brush, e.g. a clothes brush,or a vacuum cleaner.Use the special attachments and nozzlesdesigned for upholstery cleaning(brushes, crevice nozzles, nozzles forplaces that are difficult to reach).

CAUTIONWipe the upholstery material with care toavoid damage. When removing dust fromthe bus interior, pay particular attention tothe upholstery trim items of the toilet.

NOTEFor cleaning upholstery trim, theappropriate vacuum cleaner suction forceshould be selected. Excessive suctionforce may result in irreparable damage tothe upholstery trim.

CleaningWash the wall or ceiling upholstery trimof the bus as needed, using dry foam.Put a small amount of the cleaning agenton a damp sponge and work up a foamwith the sponge. Apply the foam to theupholstery and gently rub over the dirtyupholstery. Vacuum off the foam using acarpet washer or remove it using a softbrush.

NOTETo prevent stains, dirty spots on theupholstery should be cleaned along withthe whole upholstery surface. After eachwash, the covering should be thoroughlybrushed out, paying attention to thedirection of the pile of the material.

SeatsA special vacuum cleaner attachmentshould be used when cleaning the seats.Pay attention to items that are difficult toreach, the joins between the cushionsand the backs, and folds in theupholstery.

VelourDaily maintenance of velour upholsteredseats involves thorough removal of dustfrom their surface using a vacuumcleaner.

LeatherDaily maintain leather items on seats bywiping down with a damp cloth and thenleave to dry off.

CAUTIONLeather require cleaning with great care.Leather may not be soaked in water.

Artificial leatherDaily maintenance of artificial leatherseats involves thoroughly wiping downtheir surfaces using a dry or damp cloth.The top and back of the seats shouldalso be wiped down, as should theunderside.To remove dirt, such as scuff marks fromshoes and mud, a damp cloth should beused with a cleaning agent, e.g. waterwith a neutral washing up liquid.

CAUTIONArtificial leather may not be soaked inwater.

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

112

Vehicle cleaning

Windows and glassUse special fluids designed for cleaningglass. Wipe the glass using a cloth.

NOTEThe driver's window should be washedwith a fluid, which has anti-staticproperties.

CAUTIONDo not use a rubber wiper to remove theglass cleaning fluid from the window. It canrun onto the walls and floor and causeirreparable damage.

Wipe down pillars and sills with a dampsponge, with a neutral detergent addedas needed. Then wipe down with a drycloth.

Additional itemsHand rails, handles and covers shouldbe degreased using a neutral cleaningagent and cloth, as needed.Aluminium items should be protected byusing special agents designed for thispurpose.

Chrome/nickel items should be protectedby using special agents designed for thispurpose.Components with foil should be cleanedwith a soapy solution. Cetone (MEK,Acetone) and lighter fluid should not beused.

ToiletThe interior and exterior surfaces of thetoilet are delicate and must only becleaned using a mild detergent or wetcloth. The use of caustic or abrasivematerial is not recommended, as itaffects the appearance.To protect the finish of the toilet bowl, donot use abrasives of any kind. To cleanthe bowl, use a mild anti-bacterialdetergent and a suitable brush.Clean the toilet regularly to keep thetoilet in good condition.

Daily cleaning routineBefore each working day, charge thesewage tank with an additive to sanitiseit.Follow these steps:1 Ensure that the sewage tank is

empty.2 Ensure that the tank drain valve is

closed.

3 Ensure that the fresh water tank forthe toilet is full.

4 Switch on the main power supply.5 Press the flush button and pour the

sanitiser into the bowl.

NOTEIt is recommended that the fresh watertank for the toilet is drained and thesewage tank is emptied at the end of everyday

• The daily addition of a couple ofdrops of mild detergent into theremaining water in the toilet bowllubricates the slider and protects theseal

• Empty and refill the sink tank daily

To maintain clean freshwater and tank,the use of a water conditioner isrecommended. Use a suitable productthat disinfects the water, but is also safeto drink and non-irritable to the skin andeyes.

Weekly cleaning routine• Check the exhaust fan function• Inspect the bowl, door hinges and

toilet seat. Check the door and thelock function. Test the alarm buttonand buzzer function

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

113

Vehicle cleaning

• Open vanity door, check extractorfan and pneumatic valve connections

• Verify that the water flow to the sinkis smooth and constant

Quarterly routine• Flush the sewage tank with fresh

water.• Lubricate the sewage tank

evacuation valve immediately afterhaving flushed the tank. Lubricatethe slide paddle using lithium greaseor similar and ensure the smoothclosing and opening of the valve.

• Disinfect the sink tank and flush withfresh water.

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

114

Wheels and tyres

TyresIt is important that tyres are checked atregular intervals to ensure optimumconditions for safety and economy.Tyres with poor tread depth are morelikely to glide, and have poorer grip onslippery road surfaces.If the tyre pressure is too low, they wearout more quickly and fuel consumptionincreases.To avoid unnecessary wear• Maintain the correct air pressure.• Keep in mind that tyre wear

increases with speed.• Do not drive with imbalanced wheels.• Do not shift the tyres unnecessarily.

Wheel alignmentWheel alignment is important for keepingfuel consumption down and for reducingwear on the tyres. When tyres areunevenly loaded or overloaded, theywear out faster.Dual wheelsUse only tyres of the same type on dualwheels. The tyres must have a max. of 6mm difference in diameter.

Snow chainsUse snow chains when neccessay. Snow chains reduce the allowable speedto 50km/h, but increase traction andbraking on snowy or icy surfaces.

WARNINGAvoid kneeling and lowering the bus whensnow chains are used to avoid damage tothe wheel housing and bus side panels.

NOTEThe use of snow chains is subject to localregulations. Some countries require chainsto be available and/or used under someroad conditions. Other countries prohibitthe use of chains since they can damageroad surfaces.

Tyre pressureThe tyre pressure should be checked atregular intervals, at least once every 14days. Adapt the pressure according tothe bus bodywork structure and axleload, not according to the technicalmaximum load.Occasionally, check the pressure in thespare wheel tyre.Follow the recommendations of themanufacturer. In cases where there are

no such recommendations, you cantemporarily follow recommended valuesin the below charts.

NOTEThe tyre pressures in the below charts aretaken from the European Tyre and RimTechnical Organisation (ETRTO) standardmanual.

Dual mounting

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

115

Wheels and tyres

Single mounting

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

116

Electrical system

Working on the electricalsystem

NOTEWork on the electrical system should beperformed by a Volvo workshop.

The following points must be observedwhen working on the electrical system:• When working on the bus' electrical

system, the batteries must beisolated by disconnecting thenegative terminal.

• Never operate the alternator with thebattery disconnected. The batteriesand alternator must not bedisconnected while the engine isrunning.

• The negative terminal on the batteryshould always be disconnected first,and connected last, e.g. whenreplacing a battery. This will reducethe risk of short circuits and sparks,which could be dangerous due tooxyhydrogen gas.

• When fitting batteries, make surethey are connected correctly.

• The parking brake cannot beoperated when the batteries aredisconnected.

• Turn off the main switch whenreplacing a fuse.

• Always use the prescribed fuse size.

CAUTIONStart aid units must not be connected, asthese can produce very high voltagelevels, which in turn can damage controlunits.

Connecting electricalequipmentWhen connecting electrical equipment,make sure that the bus' electrical systemis dimensioned for the equipment.Several common pieces of equipmentrequire a lot of power and can only beconnected to a circuit that isdimensioned for this.

NOTEGenerally, Volvo advises against installingelectrical equipment without support froma Volvo workshop.

When connecting electrical equipment,keep in mind:• Always use the prescribed fuse size

and correct cable area. Dimensioncontinuous load on the fuses to amaximum of 70% of their ratedcurrent.

• The power must always be turned offbefore any work on the electricalsystem.

• Always use original Volvo connectors(terminals, insulators, fuses, etc.).

CAUTIONThere is a risk of fire if fuses are too large.

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

117

Electrical system

Fuses and relays1 Fuse box, engine preheating, chassis

components2 Relay, engine preheating, chassis

components3 Fuses 12V system, gearbox, NOX

sensor, chassis components4 Volvo power distribution unit (VPDU),

chassis components5 Electrical distribution unit, chassis

components6 Electrical distribution unit, body

components7 Fuse box, AC unit, inverter,

wheelchair lift, body components8 Fuse box, auxiliary heater, body

components9 Fuse box, battery charger protection,

body components10 Fuse box, consumer battery

protection, body components

Fuses and relays are fitted in theelectrical distribution unit and electricalboxes.

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

118

Electrical system

WARNINGAlways use fuses with the correct ratingwhen replacing. Never overfuse.

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

119

Long term parking

Long term parkingIf the bus is not driven for a long period,it must be run to operating temperatureregularly and the battery chargemaintained.Warming upThe bus must be driven to operatingtemperature at least every six weeks.1 Drive the bus for at least 15 min until

full operating temperature is reached.2 Activate all functions and

components.

If the bus cannot be driven, run theengine at idle speed and activateavailable functions.

NOTETurn off the main switch.

BatteryEnsure that the batteries are fullycharged.Disconnect the batteries to preventdischarging.

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

120

Easier repairs

Changing wiper bladesTo replace the wiper blade, fold out thewiper arm. Loosen the screw, removethe old and fit the new wiperblade.Reattach the screw.Fold back the wiper arm.

07Ma

inte

nanc

e an

d se

rvice

121

08

Fuel and emission control

Fuel

Diesel fuel - quality andfunctionThe composition of the fuel is importantfor the function, service life and emissionlevel of the engine. Only use fuels thatfulfil legal requirements, and national andinternational standards.Correct fuel properties is critical toachieve the specified performance forpower output and fuel economy, and tobe able to meet emission requirements.

Quality requirements

General quality requirementsExamples of standards used:• EN590 (with nationally adapted cold

requirements)• ASTM D 975 No 1–D and 2–D• JIS KK 2204

For environmental reasons, somecountries have more stringent demandsthan the basic standards. For instance:• Sweden – Environmental class 1 and

2• Finland – City-diesel• Denmark – Special qualities for

buses and distribution vehicles

• California – CARB specification

These fuels produce less toxic exhaustemissions than standard fuels and cantherefore be recommended. They cancause a slightly lower engine poweroutput, and an increase in fuelconsumption.

NOTEThe injection equipment must not beadjusted to compensate for any loss ofpower.

Always observe the utmost cleanlinesswhen handling diesel fuel. Make surethat it is clean around the fuel filler andfuel filler cap when fuelling. Whenrefuelling from your fuel reservoir, becareful to filter the fuel and ensure thatall reservoirs are clean.To avoid condensation from forming inthe tank, make sure that the tank is asfull as possible.

Viscosity and densityViscosity and density are directlyconnected to engine performance,emissions and service life. Low viscosityand density reduce engine output.Unusually high viscosity and densityimpact negatively on exhaust emissionsand can impair the service life of the fuelinjection equipment.Recommended values:

• viscosity: 1.5 cSt - 4.5 cSt at 40°C• density: 810–860 kg/m3 at 15°C

Water and particlesMake sure that water and particles donot occur in the fuel and the fuel tankbecause this causes corrosion and wearof the injection equipment. The wateralso facilitates bacterial and fungalgrowth in the tank, that can cause thefilter to clog. In cold weather the waterthat is not dissolved can freeze and clogthe fuel supply. A primary filter with waterseparator must be fitted in marketswhere water and particles commonlyoccur.

Properties at low temperaturesIn cold weather the resistance of the fuelis limited by its capacity to filter at lowtemperatures. National standards specifythe low-temperature requirements fordiesel fuel in different geographic regionsand during different seasons. Oilcompanies are responsible to ensurethat low-temperature properties aresufficient all year round.

Additives

Petrol and alcohol

08Fu

el a

nd e

miss

ion

cont

rol

124

Fuel

CAUTIONPetrol and alcohol must never be mixedwith diesel fuel.

Petrol and alcohol are not fuels for dieselengines. Petrol and alcohol increase theoctane rating and lower the cetane rating(ignition property). In addition, lubricatingproperties are impaired significantly.Petrol and alcohol can damage thecomponents included in the fuel system.In addition, petrol and alcohol lower theflashpoint, which affects the explosionlimit and fire safety. Due to the loweredboiling point, there is also an increasedrisk of boiling the fuel in the cylinderhead. Among other things, it can result avapour lock in the fuel system.

Diesel boostersMany manufacturers of additives on themarket (so-called diesel boosters)promise reduced fuel consumption andimproved lubricating properties. Theseproducts have not had any demonstrableeffect on either fuel consumption orlubricating properties.Volvo is not liable for any warrantyclaims following the use of suchadditives. It is not Volvo policy to testand evaluate such additives.

CAUTIONDiesel boosters must never be added tothe fuel.

HVOHydrogenated vegetable oils (HVO), ismade from renewable materials such asvegetable and animals oil. HVO reducesCO2 emissions, depending on the rawmaterial.HVO is a standardised product accordingto the European standard CEN TS15940 (EN15940).HVO has the same properties as EN590,in terms of storage life and cold-resistance, only density differs. The twofuels should not be mixed; changesbetween fuels should only be done whenthe fuel level is low.

Used oilUsed oil and two-stroke oil considerablyshorten the service life of the injectionequipment. In addition, the exhaustemissions increase if these oils are used.

CAUTIONUsed oil or two-stroke oil must never beadded to the fuel tank.

Aviation fuel and militaryactivitiesIt has been common for buses at airportsand in military operations to use aviationfuel or different military grades of diesel.When using such fuels, it is impossible toensure correct emission properties andfunctionality. A sulphur content that is toohigh can also damage the after treatmentsystems so that they need replacing.The following applies for the use ofaviation fuels:• Lower energy content in the fuel

normally involves at least 5%decreased power output andincreased fuel consumption.

• The sulphur requirement of allaviation fuel specifications is wellabove the requirement for Euro 4/5/6fuel. Continuous operation on thesefuels can primarily damage theaftertreatment system.

• The lubricity must be ensured, max460 µm in HRR tests (ISO 12156) isan absolute requirement.

• If military fuels are used, despiteprevious points, the fuel must fulfilthe NATO F-63 specification.

08Fu

el a

nd e

miss

ion

cont

rol

125

AdBlue

AdBlueThe urea solution is sold under theAdBlue brand name. It is a colourlessliquid consisting of urea and distilledwater. It may have a slight odour ofammonia. The concentration of urea inAdBlue is 32.5%. AdBlue fulfils the ISOstandard 22241-1 (formerly DIN 70070).It is the only urea solution approved byVolvo for filling in Volvo's buses. AdBluecan also be marketed under other namesdepending on the distributor and can beused as long as ISO standard 22241-1 isfulfilled.

Refilling and consumptionAlways check the AdBlue level inconnection with refuelling. Consumptionis affected by driving style but is normallyapprox. 8% of diesel consumption.Example: 100 litres of dieselconsumption results in approx. 8 litres ofAdBlue consumption.

CAUTIONAdBlue that is modified or replaced withanother liquid that does not conform toISO 22241-1 must not be used. This maycause the intended cleaning effect of theexhaust gas is lost and damage to theSCR system.

RefuellingAlways check the AdBlue level inconnection with refuelling.

Handling and spillageAdBlue is not dangerous but should behandled with caution.If AdBlue is accidentally spilled on thebus, rinse with water and then wipe withpaper or a cloth. The solution can beaggressive when it gets hot and candamage e.g. adjacent connectors, cablesand hoses in the event of leaks.AdBlue freezes at approx. -11 °C. This isgenerally not a problem since the SCRsystem is heated. The bus can still bestarted and driven as usual.

CAUTIONAdBlue is highly corrosive and maydamage connectors. If AdBlue entersconnectors and cables, these must bereplaced since cleaning is insufficient.

Exhaust gas cleaningWhen the engine is switched off aprocess is started to pump clean theAdBlue nozzles and AdBlue lines. Theprocess takes approx. 90 seconds andduring this time the main switch must beon. This is particularly important when itis cold outside, as there is a risk of thesolution freezing. This process is notcarried out if the main switch is usedbefore or during the process.

CAUTIONWait before turning off the battery mainswitch and the main switch for at least 5minutes after the engine has been turnedoff to allow the cleaning process to becompleted, otherwise the AdBlue solutionin the SCR system can freezing at lowtemperatures.

08Fu

el a

nd e

miss

ion

cont

rol

126

Exhaust after treatment system

System descriptionExhaust gases go through the silencer,(1) it integrates a diesel oxidationcatalyst (DOC) (2) which oxidises carbonmonoxide and hydrocarbon, generatesheat for the active regeneration andcreates a favourable gas composition forthe selective catalytic reduction (SCR)catalyst.Then exhaust gases pass further throughthe diesel particulate filter (DPF) (3)which removes particles. Before the SCRcatalyst, the urea solution is sprayed (viaa nozzle) and mixed with exhaust gasesin the mixing chamber (4). The heatdecomposes urea into ammonia andcarbon dioxide.As the mixture passes through the SCRcatalyst (5), nitrogen oxide is convertedinto harmless nitrogen and steam.Before exhaust gases leave the silencerthey pass through the ammonia slipcatalyst (ASC) (6), where any residualammonia oxidation is eliminated.

08Fu

el a

nd e

miss

ion

cont

rol

127

Selective catalytic reduction

The bus is equipped with selectivecatalytic reduction (SCR), used to reduceemissions of nitrogen oxide and particlesin the exhaust gases.The exhaust gases are cleaned usingthe AdBlue urea solution, which isinjected into the exhaust system beforethe SCR catalyst.

GeneralHeatingThe cleaning process means that theexhaust gases can become very hot.Keep the area around hot componentsclean. Be observant when using thepower take-off, for example, to ensurethat hot exhaust gases do not causedamage.

Exhaust gasesThe catalytic converter gets very hot andcools more slowly than a normalsilencer. This means that the exhaustgases retain their high temperature for alonger period of time. A cloud of watervapour may occur during cold starting.This is more noticeable than for anengine without exhaust gas cleaning.

SCR System monitoringAdBlue level

Should the AdBlue tank become empty,immediately fill with AdBlue.Driving without AdBlue means that thereis no exhaust gas after treatment, andemissions from the engine increase. Thecirculation of AdBlue is also used to coolhot components.Too low level of AdBlue also cause areduction in the engine's pulling power.The next time the bus is at a standstillwith the engine running, for example attraffic lights, the engine's pulling power isreduced. The driver information displaywill warn before performance reductionoccurs. The engine's pulling powerreturns to normal as soon as it is refilledwith AdBlue.

NOTEIt may be a punishable offence to fail usingAdBlue or to try to interfere with theexhaust cleaning system.

On-board diagnosticThere is a legal requirement thatnecessitates a standardised approach tomonitoring the engine and the exhaustgas cleaning. For this reason, the bus isequipped with an on-board diagnosticsystem (OBD) which monitors that theexhaust gases fulfil the legalrequirement.The OBD system monitors:• The level of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in

the exhaust gases.• The level of particles (PM) in the

exhaust gases.• AdBlue consumption, availability and

quality.• Other functions in the engine and

exhaust gas cleaning system.

Symbol for fault in the exhaust gas cleaningsystem

CAUTIONAlways rectify faults as soon as possible.

Emission related faultsThe symbol for malfunction indicatorlamp (MIL) illuminates in the event of

08Fu

el a

nd e

miss

ion

cont

rol

128

Selective catalytic reduction

emission-related faults. There is a delayin the system which means that the MILsymbol does not illuminate immediatelywhen the error occurs but can beilluminated much later. In addition, and inaccordance with legal requirements, thelamp is illuminated for a period after theerror has been rectified.

MIL symbolFaults that are discovered are classifiedaccording to how large an effect theyhave on the exhaust gas cleaning.A. Large effectB. Medium effectC. Smaller effect

Performance changesWarnings about faults will be shown inthe driver information display. Themessage will indicate the nature of thefault. If the fault has not been rectifiedthen the performance of the bus will begradually reduced. The following occur:1 Warning of pulling power reduction.2 Engine pulling power is reduced by

25%.3 Warning about speed limitation.

4 Speed limitation to 20 km/h.

MonitoringThe MIL symbol appears if a fault hasoccurred. The flash pattern depends onthe category of the fault and whether it isduring driving or if the engine is turnedoff.

While drivingIf the MIL symbol illuminates, for the first15 s or remains illuminated duringdriving, a fault has occurred.Contact your Volvo workshop.

Engine turned offWhen the starter switch is in ignitionposition and the engine is not runningthe MIL symbol flashes. The flashpatterns advise on the status of thesystem.

NOTEThe MIL symbol will also flash wheneverything is working as it should be.

Flash patterns

Normal condition, no faults.

Normal condition, no faults. However,certain tests could not be conductedsince conditions for testing have notbeen fulfilled.

Other flash patternsOther flash patterns indicate that theexhaust gases do not fulfil the legalrequirement, or that the monitoringsystem on-board diagnostic (OBD) is notworking as it should be. Contact a Volvoworkshop.

08Fu

el a

nd e

miss

ion

cont

rol

129

Selective catalytic reduction08Fu

el a

nd e

miss

ion

cont

rol

130

Diesel particulate filter

The ceramic diesel particulate filter(DPF) reduces the emission of sootparticles, hydrocarbons and carbonmonoxide.

GeneralSulphur-free fuel (less than 10 ppm =0.001% sulphur) must be used to ensurecorrect function of the filter. Fuel withhigher sulphur content, or mixing otherfuels, can quickly destroy the particulatefilter.

SootThe filter collects soot particles. Manyparticles in the filter means a higherexhaust back pressure. Which leads toslightly higher fuel consumption and therisk of unnecessary wear on the engine.As a preventive measure, there is afunction that removes soot particles byautomatically burning them away. Thecombustion process is called movingregeneration and consists of burning theparticles by heating the particulate filter.

AshThe particulate filter also filters inorganiccompounds (ash) from the exhaustgases that originate from additives in theengine oil. Ash is not removed in thecombustion process, why regular serviceof the particulate filter is required. Forlonger service intervals and optimum

function, engine oil with VDS-4 orVDS-4.5 grade is recommended.

NOTEExhaust gases from buses with particulatefilter are still not healthy. Ensure goodventilation.

08Fu

el a

nd e

miss

ion

cont

rol

131

Regeneration

GeneralDuring normal engine operation, by-products from engine combustion arecollected in the exhaust after treatmentsystem (EATS).Soot, ash and sulphur are regularlyremoved from EATS by a regenerationprocess.The regeneration is performed to preventincreased wear and tear on the engine,as well as reduce the risk of damage toboth the engine and EATS.If an excessive amount of ash iscollected in the diesel particulate filter(DPF), the filter must be replaced.Low sulphur in the fuel increases thetime intervals for regeneration.

NOTESulphur level lower than 10 ppm in fuel isessential.

Example of standard used:• EN590 (with nationally adapted cold

requirements).

Moving regenerationThe regeneration is performed via aspecial engine-mode to raise the exhausttemperature until the soot and the

sulphur have combusted while driving,no driver action needed.A status symbol for high exhausttemperature is shown. The symboldisappears when the process iscompleted.

High performance instrument version.

Parked regenerationParked regeneration can only be startedby the driver or a technician via thedisplay menu when the bus is parked. Amessage in the driver information displayindicates that regeneration is required orpossible, see page 134.Parked regeneration takes about 45 to120 min to completely remove the

accumulated soot and/or sulphurparticles.The bus may not be driven during parkedregeneration.

NOTEWhen regeneration required messageappears on the display, it is important thata parked regeneration is performed assoon as possible.

Service regenerationA message in the driver informationdisplay indicates that regeneration isrequired. Stop the vehicle in a safelocation and contact the workshop sincethe soot level is critical.Service regeneration is a more advancedprocess and can only be performed by aservice technician using the Volvodiagnostic tool and can take about 45 to120 min to perform.

Driver information display

Parked regeneration requiredThe warning lamp is activated and thecontrol lamp for the particulate filterflashes.

08Fu

el a

nd e

miss

ion

cont

rol

132

Regeneration

Message in driver information display.Moving regeneration is not possible.Parked regeneration is activated in thedisplay menu, see page 134.

Soot level criticalThe stop lamp is activated and thecontrol lamp for the particulate filterflashes.

Message in driver information display.

Stop safelyContact workshopSoot level critical

Replacement of diesel particulatefilter (DPF) is requiredThe stop lamp is activated and thecontrol lamp for the particulate filterflashes.

Message in driver information display.

Stop safelyContact workshopReplace DPF filter

Submenus for regenerationThe following submenus can be selectedin the menu for regeneration.

• Enable / Disable• Parked regeneration• Criteria• Soot level

NOTEMenus can be password protected.

Enable or disableTo enable or disable regeneration, selectmenu options as below.

Driver information displayRegeneration

Enable / DisableEnable regenerationDisable regeneration

On disable of regeneration, the statussymbol for disable regeneration isshown.

Function stays disabled until next start ofthe engine.The regeneration function becomesautomatically active after engine shot off.

08Fu

el a

nd e

miss

ion

cont

rol

133

Regeneration

Parked regeneration1 Select menu options as below.2 Await ongoing data transfer.


Parked regenerationStart now?

Parked regeneration can take from 45 to120 min or more to perform. It dependson soot or sulphur level and other engineconditions.If parked regeneration is not possible,check that all criteria are met, seepage 134.

CriteriaCertain criteria must be met for aregeneration to be possible.To check regeneration criteria, select themenu options as below.


Criteria

Criteria:• Released clutch pedal (manual

gearbox)• Warmed-up engine

• Released accelerator pedal• Gear position N• Stationary vehicle• Applied parking brake• Status system (no fault codes in

regeneration related system)• Soot level below maximum limit value• Soot level above minimum limit value• Regeneration enabled• Kneeling reset (not lowered)

StatusOK All criteria are met.NOK Criteria have to be resolved in

order to perform regeneration.NA Not applicable.Error System fault, check fault codes and

solve the problem in order toperform regeneration.

Soot levelTo check the soot level, select menuoptions as below.


Soot level

A graph shows the level of soot in thefilter.

08Fu

el a

nd e

miss

ion

cont

rol

134

Regeneration 08Fu

el a

nd e

miss

ion

cont

rol

135

09

Function descriptions

Brakes

Electronic brake systemThe electronic braking system (EBS)complements the regular, pneumaticbraking system. EBS ensures that thebus obtains optimum brake effect.Whereas pneumatic brakes divide thebraking power according to a specificpattern, vehicles equipped with EBS arebraked independent of one another asrequired by each traffic situation.EBS compensates for factors that impactthe brake effect, such as slippery roadsurfaces. In emergency situations, EBShelps reduce the response time as wellas maximising the road grip to obtain theshortest possible braking distance.

Anti-lock brake systemAnti-lock brake system (ABS) is asystem for preventing the wheels fromlocking while braking.ABS is a part of the EBS system and is afully automatic function.

When the ABS is active, a symbol isshown in the driver information display.

Electronic stability programElectronic stability program (ESP) is asystem that reduces the risk of the busoverturning or skidding.If the system senses that the bus isabout to overturn, the throttle is reduced.If it is not sufficient, the the system alsouses the wheel brakes to reduce the bus'speed.If the system senses that there is a riskof skidding, the throttle is reduced andthe wheels are braked. If necessary, theretarder is also disengaged.

When the ESP is active, a symbol isshown in the instrument cluster.

WARNINGThe bus can still overturn during wrecklessdriving. On a slippery road surface, thebus can skid despite ESP.

When the accelerator is released on aslippery road, the retarder may lock thedriving wheels. The retarder is thendisengaged and the engine powers the

driving wheels until they rotate at thesame speed as the front wheels.This function will not work if the gearboxis declutched, the ABS is active, or if thespeed is lower than 10 km/h.When the brake pedal is pressed fastand forcefully, the braking pressure ishigher and the braking effect stronger.This function enables fast application ofthe full braking force in emergencysituations.

NOTEThis function works during gentle braking.During harder braking the braking force isdivided so that braking occurs aseffectively as possible.

Brake assist functionThe brake assist function is designed toobtain full braking force faster in anemergency situation. If the brake pedal issuddenly depressed, the brake pressureincreases and brakes more powerfully.

High brake temperaturewarningIf the temperature on the brakesbecomes too high, the CHECK lamp isilluminated and a symbol is shown in thedriver information display. When thetemperature is too high, the brake pedal

09Fu

ncti

on d

escr

ipti

ons

138

Brakes

must be depressed harder to achieve thesame braking force as before.

CAUTIONIf the warning for high brake temperatureis shown, slow down using the retarder, orstop the bus.

Monitoring wheel brakesIf any wheel is braking less efficientlythan the other wheels, the CHECK lampis illuminated and a symbol is shown inthe driver information display.No difference can be detected in brakingforce since the other wheels are brakedharder to compensate. However, a faultcode is stored in the system and anauthorised Volvo workshop shouldexamine the brake system.

When the brakes have a poor effect, asymbol is shown in the driver informationdisplay.

Wear on brake liningsIf the brake linings wear more on oneaxle than on the other, the braking forceis changed so that the wear is equalised.

When it is time to change the brakelinings, a symbol is shown in the driverinformation display.

Estimated wearThe calculated remaining distancebefore the brake linings need replacing,based on the current driving style, canbe found in the driver informationdisplay. An authorised Volvo workshopcan also help retrieve this information.

Driver information displayVehicle data

Lining wear, prediction

Traction control systemThe traction control system (TCS)provides better stability and traction.TCS automatically reduces thewheelspin by reducing the engine torque.At speeds below 40 km/h ,TCS alsoworks as an automatic limited slip

differential clutch and applies the brakeon the wheel that is spinning.

When the TCS is active, a symbol isshown in the driver information display.

Off-road TCSOff-road TCS is used under difficultconditions to improve traction, such asdriving on sand, gravel or snow. Thefunction reduces the system's sensitivityand allows a little more wheel spinbefore reducing power.

The function is activated by pressing theswitch. The indicator lamp in the switchis illuminated when activated.

NOTEDo not use the off-road TCS during normaldriving.

09Fu

ncti

on d

escr

ipti

ons

139

Brakes

Deactivate Off-road TCSDeactivate Off-road TCS by pressing theswitch again.If the engine is turned off when the TCSfunction is deactivated, the TCS remainsdeactivated when the engine is startedagain.

When the TCS is disengaged, a symbolis shown in the driver informationdisplay.Disable TCSWhen testing on a roller bench or whentowing with a raised axle, TCS must bedisabled.Use the driver information display todisabe the TCS. The bus must bestationary.

Driver information displayVehicle settings

Traction controlOFF

NOTEDisabling the TCS from the driverinformation display also disables the TCSswitch.

TCS is enabled again the next time thestarter key is turned to the drive position,or the front axle turns faster than 12km/h.Calibrate TCSThe TCS can be calibrated after fittingwheels on the driven axle that aresmaller than the wheels that were fittedthere before.Drive a shorter distance at a speedabove 25 km/h, distance depends on thedifference in size between the wheels.This allows the EBS to adapt to thedifference in size between the wheels.It can be difficult to drive due to TCSlimiting engine torque. In such cases,activate the Off-road TCS. Off-road TCSallows a greater difference in wheelspeed between the front axle and thedriven axle. When Off-road TCS isactivated, it takes longer for the EBSsystem to adapt to the difference in sizebetween the wheels.

Hill start aidHill start aid prevents the bus from rollingbackwards when starting on an uphillgradient by maintaining braking

performance until the bus is in tractionmode.

The function is activated by pressing theswitch. The indicator lamp in the switchis illuminated when activated.

The symbol in the driver informationdisplay is shown for as long as thebrakes are applied on the bus.Follow the instructions below on how touse the hill start aid.1 Press the switch.2 Keep the bus stationary using the

footbrake.3 Depress the clutch.4 Select a suitable starting gear.5 Release the footbrake.

The bus is remains stationary.

09Fu

ncti

on d

escr

ipti

ons

140

Brakes

6 Slowly accelerate and release theclutch.

The automatic system releases thebrakes when the clutch is released, orwhen the engine torque is sufficient.Deactivate the function by pressing theswitch again. The function is deactivatedand reset when the engine is restarted.Only use the function on uphill gradients.

Brake back-up functionIf a fault occurs in the electrical control ofthe brake pressure, then it is stillpossible to brake the bus. The built-inback-up function ensures brakingperformance, fully or partially, in apneumatically controlled manner. Thebrake pedal must be depressed withmore force to achieve the same brakingperformance as before.Among other things, the back-updisengages the ABS system, fully orpartially, depending on where the faultoccurred.In the event of a loss of EBS, the STOPlamp in the instrument cluster isilluminated. The driver informationdisplay also shows a message to thateffect.

09Fu

ncti

on d

escr

ipti

ons

141

Gearbox

GearboxThis bus has an automated, manualgearbox with 12 forward gears and 4reverse gears. Clutch and gear changingare fully automatic.The driver can choose to change gearmanually. The gear selector panel islocated in the instrument panel.The gearbox is supplied with differentsoftware packages. Since certainfunctions are optional, not everything inthis description applies to your particulargearbox.

Starting instructionsDepress the brake pedal and select gearposition neutral. Then select gearposition D, M or R.

Automatic choice of starting gearThe gearbox selects the most suitablestarting gear regarding weight and theinclination of the road.If the air pressure to the gearbox is toolow, a symbol and a message are shownin the driver information display. Waituntil the message clears before driving.

Low air pressure to the gearbox.

Parking the bus

CAUTIONAlways apply the parking brake and selectthe neutral position when the bus isparked, or whenever the driver leaves thedriver's place.

The engine can only be started when thegearbox is in neutral. If the engine isturned off when the air pressure is belowthe warning level, without the gearbox inneutral, the following happens:• The gearbox cannot be shifted to N

without air pressure• The engine cannot be started

For assistance contact a Volvo workshopor Volvo action service.

ClutchThe clutch is of the dry plate type,without torque converter. Therefore,ensure to never slip the clutch in too highgear to start the bus. If the clutch

overheats, a message and a symbol areshown in the display.

Overheated clutch.If the message is shown when startingand the bus is already moving, continuedriving.If the message is shown when startingthe vehicle and the bus is stationary,select gear mode D or R. Keep theengine at idling speed until the messageclears.When starting in manual mode, choose1st gear to avoid straining the clutch.

CAUTIONNever keep the bus stationary on an uphillgradient using the accelerator pedal. Theclutch risks overheating, which canincrease the risk of clutch breakdown.

09Fu

ncti

on d

escr

ipti

ons

142

Gearbox

Automatic gear changingGear changing occurs automatically andthe driver can focus on driving.When changing gear, the system checksclutch, gearbox and engine throttleapplication. The system selects gear andgear changing point so that driving andfuel economy are optimised. It is basedon accelerator pedal position, busweight, road gradient, bus acceleration,etc.

When driving in the automatic position D,maximum use is made of the gearboxpotential.

In automatic position, it is also possibleto adjust the gears up or down manuallyusing the +/− buttons.The arrows in the driver informationdisplay indicate how many steps you canchange up or down.The system reevaluates, during driving,a gear selected with the +/− buttons andchanges to a more suitable gear whennecessary.

Locking the gearExamples of when automatic upshiftingor downshifting is not required can be:• When the bus approaches a crest of

a hill and you want to prevent anunnecessary downshifting.

• On an uphill gradient with a flatsection.

• When driving on poor road surfaces.

When automatic upshift or downshift isnot required, depress the M button. Nofurther gear changing occurs and thecurrent gear remains.The function can be used in all forwardgears, 1 to 12.To return to automatic gear changingagain, depress the D button.

NOTEThere is risk of over revving when the gearis locked.

CAUTIONStarting in too high gear strains the clutcha lot, which increases the risk for clutchbreakdown.

09Fu

ncti

on d

escr

ipti

ons

143

Gearbox

Manual gear changingYou can drive the bus exclusively withmanual gear changing or take over fromthe automatic gear changing systemwhen you wish.

The +/ - buttons are used to select thegear.For a new gear, one of the buttons mustbe pressed once for each gear step, tothe desired gear.To shift through several gears at once,press several times on the +/- buttons insequence.

NOTEDo not release the accelerator pedalduring gear changing.

NOTEIf the bus is stopped with an unpermittedstarting gear engaged in the M mode, thestarting gear is automatically selected.

CAUTIONStarting in too high gear strains the clutcha lot, which increases the risk for clutchbreakdown.

Reverse gearsThe gearbox has four reverse gears, R1to R4. The bus must be stationary whenposition R is selected. The systemselects R1 automatically.

Use + or - button to change gearmanually.

Driver information displaySelect the gauges menu and option gearengaged to get information about thegearbox.The gearbox field shows the followingdata:

09Fu

ncti

on d

escr

ipti

ons

144

Gearbox

1 Drive mode2 Gear selector position3 Gear in use4 Available lower gears5 Available higher gears

Maximum of three arrows are shown foravailable higher/lower gears.

Software packagesGearboxes have different characteristicsand functions depending on the softwarepackage that is installed.The gearbox on this bus has the linehaul software installed. It is specific forline haul buses.

FunctionsThe line haul software has the followingstandard functions:• Automatic gearchange

• Hill start aid• Limp home• Enhanced shift strategy• Launch control• Idle drive• Power program• Kickdown• MAIA start gear, manual adjustment

in automatic mode

Optional functions are:• Freewheel (I-Roll)• Predictive cruise control (I-See),

requires freewheel

Automatic gear changeThis mode is the default mode andshould be used in most drivingsituations.

Hill start aidThe brake is used to keep the bus instationary up to 3 s before take off.

Limp homeIn case of gearbox malfunction, the buscan be driven a short distance withrestricted functionality, see page 97.

Enhanced shift strategyThis function works together with ECSand EBS to select the optimum gear for

smooth manoeuvring on difficultsurfaces. In addition, to obtain maximumperformance from the retarder.

Launch controlThis function allows the engine to drivethe wheels at idle without the clutchslipping, which can be useful for examplewhen driving in traffic queues.

Idle driveThis function provides the option toadjust gear selection with the gear +/-button.

Power programThis function provides the option tochoose between economy andperformance mode.

KickdownThis function is activated by pressing theaccelerator pedal all the way down to thefloor. The system changes the gearshiftstrategy to maximise the acceleration.

MAIA start gearThis function makes it possible to selectgears in manual mode and change startgear in automatic mode.

FreewheelThis function allows automaticengagement and disengagement of thefreewheel function to reduce the fuelconsumption. When the acceleratorpedal is released, the power

09Fu

ncti

on d

escr

ipti

ons

145

Gearbox

transmission is disengaged so that thebus can roll freely and the engine isidling.

Predictive cruise controlThe function predictive cruise control canmemorise the topography while the busis driven a certain route. The functioncontrols the engine, transmission andbrakes to optimise the drivingperformance and to save fuel.

09Fu

ncti

on d

escr

ipti

ons

146

Batteries

BatteriesThe batteries play an important role inthe general functioning of the vehicle,especially since vehicles are equippedwith more energy consuming appliances.Consumer batteriesThe bus is fitted with a pair of consumerbatteries. The batteries' service life ishighly dependent on the maintenance ofthe battery. Battery condition and state ofcharge must be checked regularly toprevent unnecessary breakdowns.Starter batteriesTo meet the needs of modern electricalequipment in buses, the systemcomprises two consumer batteries, twostarter batteries and a battery charger.The battery charger is connectedbetween the starter batteries andconsumer batteries and ensures that thestarter batteries always are fully charged.

WARNINGThere is still voltage in the starter batterieseven when the battery main switch isdisengaged.

To secure that the bus is not energised,disconnect the cables on all batteryterminals.Normal chargingThe bus alternator can never charge thebattery to 100%. To achieve full charge,

the battery must be charged with ahigher voltage than normal.

NOTEAlways check battery state of charge witha battery analyser, before charging.

CAUTIONAlways use a battery charger with avoltage limiter. The vehicle electronics andbatteries can be damaged if there is novoltage limiter.

The charging time can be affected byfollowing parameters:• Battery state of charge• Size of the battery• Battery temperature

CAUTIONTo avoid overvoltage in the bus powerconsumers, first turn off the main switchand then the battery main switch.

If the consumer battery capacity is toolow, the engine can't start. Connect a 24V external supply and start the engine.

Starting assistance

WARNINGBatteries contain oxyhydrogen gas, whichis highly explosive. A spark, which can begenerated when connecting starting cablesincorrectly or if they are moved aroundduring the starting procedure. It issufficient for the battery to explode andcause serious damage and injury.

Low capacity in the batteries• Connect extra batteries or another

power source to the consumerbatteries.

Low capacity in the batteries• Connect extra batteries or another

power source to the consumerbatteries. The starter batteries mustbe charged sufficiently to start theengine.

• To start the engine immediately,connect extra batteries or anotherpower source to the consumerbatteries and the starter batteries.

Low capacity in the starter batteriesIf the consumer batteries are chargedbut the starter batteries are discharged,there may be a faulty component.

09Fu

ncti

on d

escr

ipti

ons

147

Batteries

• To start the engine immediately,connect extra batteries or anotherpower source to the starter batteries.

• Make sure that the starter batteriesare fully functional and charged toensure next start.

Replace batteriesWhen replacing batteries, both batteriesmust have the same capacity and age.The batteries must be connected withthe correct polarity.

CAUTIONBattery acid is corrosive and poisonous.The batteries must be handled in anenvironmentally sound manner.Contact a Volvo workshop when replacingbatteries.

WARNINGBattery acid can cause serious burns tothe skin. If the acid is in your eyes, getmedical attention at once. Always rinsewith large amounts of water.Do not lean over the batteries.

09Fu

ncti

on d

escr

ipti

ons

148

Batteries 09Fu

ncti

on d

escr

ipti

ons

149

10

Technical data

Technical specifications

Technical specificationsThis information is based on the standard bus build. Deviations depending on customer adaptions can occur.For more information, see the type plate in the bus.

Overall dimensionsA Overall length (mm) 13 690

Overall width (mm) 2 600B Bogie (mm) 1 400C Overall height, with AC (mm) 3 671D Wheelbase (mm) 6 660G Front overhang (mm) 2 850H Rear overhang (mm) 2 780

10Te

chni

cal d

ata

152


Technical dataEngineModel: D13Emission levelUSA 2021 Engine emissionGearboxI-Shift, mechanical gearbox withautomated shifting system and powerinterruption during gearshift.Electrical systemVolvo I-Start system:• dual battery system that separates

batteries into two circuits• optimised start batteries to increase

engine start capability• optimised consumer batteries for

longer lifetime

Batteries• Start batteries: 2 x 12 V• Consumer batteries: 2 x 12 V

Tyres and rimsAluminium rims Tyres9.00" x 22.5" 315/80 R22.5"

Type platesThe vehicle identification number (VIN) ismarked on an identification plate on thebus.

Identification plateThe manufacturer's plate is divided intwo parts, the inner frame required bylaw and three boxes containing chassisnumber, drive and wheelbase. The latteris only used in lorries.The manufacturer's plate is located nearthe driver seat and contains the followinginformation:1 If special national certification is

required, the general representative/importer punches here adequateapproval number.

2 The VIN is the same number that canbe found on the frame member.

3 Max. gross weight, technical (in kg).The technical weight determines theweight to which the vehicle wasconstructed.

4 Technically permissible front axleload (in kg).

5 Technically permissible rear axleload (in kg).

6 (Articulated bus) technicallypermissible third axle load (in kg).

7 National rules on the permissiblegross weight or axle load. If theseprovisions provide less thantechnically permissible values for thevehicle, the general agent/importermust supplement the information.

8 Code of the country in which thevehicle is registered.

Vehicle identification (VIN)The VIN is stamped on the chassis at theright-hand front end of the vehicle. Thatis, in the wheel arch in front of or behindthe front axle.

Example: YV3R7G62151106335YV3 ManufacturerR7 Chassis versionG6 Engine version2 Brake system1 Check figure5 Model year1 Assembly factory106335 Chassis number

10Te

chni

cal d

ata

153


EngineType designation, component numberand serial number are punched on thetop of engine block near the injectorpump.GearboxThe type designation and serial numberare punched on the top of the gearbox.Rear axleThe plate is on the right-hand side of therear axle housing.RetarderSerial number and version are stampedon rear left side of retarder housing.

BulbsBulbs can be replaced:• when the bus is equipped with fitting

spare bulbs.• when lamp cover can be easily

removed.

For all other replacements, drive the busto the depot or a workshop.

NOTEMake sure that the bulb is replaced with anew bulb of the same type and powerrating.

10Te

chni

cal d

ata

154

INDEX

A

ABS .................................................. 138AC ...................................................... 52AdBlue, with spillage ........................ 104AdBlue .............................................. 126Air conditioning ................................... 52Air distribution .................................... 52Air quality ........................................... 53Announcements ................................. 70Anti-lock brake system ..................... 138ARMS ................................................. 11

B

Back-up function, EBS ..................... 141Batteries, Technical Data ................. 153Batteries ........................................... 147Blocking valve .................................... 22Brake assist function ........................ 138Brake lining wear .............................. 139Brake pressure gauge ........................ 32Brake temperature ........................... 138

C

Climate control ................................... 51Clutch ............................................... 142Consumer batteries .......................... 147Cruise control ..................................... 24

D

Diesel particulate filter, DPF ............. 131Diesel ............................................... 124Dimensions, Technical Data ............ 152Direction indicators ............................. 23

Disconnected accelerator pedal ......... 10Display symbols ................................. 34Door brake ......................................... 26Doors .................................................. 14DPF .................................................. 131Driver's seat ....................................... 18

E

Electrical equipment, connecting ..... 117Electrical system, maintenance ........ 117Electronic stability program .............. 138Emergency brake ............................... 22Emergency exit .................................. 86Emergency starting ............................ 96Emergency switch .............................. 46Emergency window ............................ 86Engine cooler temperature gauge ...... 32Engine, Technical Data .................... 153ESP .................................................. 138

F

Fire extinguisher ................................. 87Fire protection system ........................ 85First aid .............................................. 87Fuel gauge ......................................... 32Fuelling ............................................. 104Fuses ....................................... 118, 154

G

Gear changing, automatic ................ 143Gear changing, manual .................... 144Gearbox, emergency operation .......... 97Gearbox, Technical Data ................. 153Gearbox ........................................... 142

H

Hazard warning light .......................... 24Hill start aid ...................................... 140Horn ................................................... 19HVO ................................................. 125

I

Idling speed ........................................ 23Illumination, radio ............................... 66

J

Jack .................................................... 88Jacking points .................................... 93Jump start .......................................... 96

K

Kneeling ............................................. 26

L

Lamps .............................................. 154Lighting control ................................... 23Limp home ......................................... 97Locking the gear ............................... 143Loudspeakers ..................................... 70

M

Malfunction indicator lamp, MIL ....... 128Menu, radio ........................................ 65Microphone ........................................ 70MIL ................................................... 128Mute the radio .................................... 66

INDEX

O

OBD ................................................. 128On-board diagnostic, OBD ............... 128

P

Panic button ................................. 27, 84Parking brake ..................................... 22Parking ............................................... 13Power steering ................................... 10

R

Radio mode ........................................ 66Rear-view mirrors ............................... 24Recirculation ...................................... 53Recovery ............................................ 90Refuelling with diesel ....................... 104Regeneration .................................... 132Relays .............................................. 118Releasing the parking brake .............. 91Replace batteries ............................. 148Replace wiper blade ......................... 121Request Support Alert .................. 27, 84Retarder, control ................................ 25Reverse gears .................................. 144Reversing camera .............................. 71Route selection .................................. 39RSA .............................................. 27, 84

S

SCR .................................................. 128Selective catalytic reduction, SCR ... 128Speedometer ...................................... 32Start and stop instructions ................ 142

Starter batteries ................................ 147Starter switch ..................................... 11Starting assistance ..................... 96, 147Starting ............................................... 11Steering wheel ................................... 19Symbols ............................................. 34

T

Tachograph ........................................ 58Tachometer ........................................ 32TCS, disable ..................................... 140TCS .................................................. 139Temperature inside ............................ 52Toilet, cleaning ................................. 113Toilet .................................................. 78Tools .................................................. 89Towing brace ...................................... 91Towing ................................................ 90Traction control system .................... 139Turbo pressure gauge ........................ 32Type plates ....................................... 153Tyre pressure ................................... 115Tyres and rims, Technical Data ....... 153Tyres ................................................ 115

V

VAS ...................................................... 4Vehicle cleaning ............................... 106Vehicle identification (VIN) ............... 153Ventilation .......................................... 52VIN ................................................... 153Volvo Action Service ............................ 4

W

Wheel brake monitoring ................... 139Wheelchair lift ..................................... 72Wheels, replace ................................. 94Wheels ............................................. 115Wiper blade, replace ........................ 121

**CID0123456**

**CID0123456**

Documents

01 Introduction 02 Starting and driving 03 Driver environment · 2020. 2. 18. · Reading the driver'shandbook Read through the driver'shandbook before driving the bus for the first