01. 150113_Innovative+GSM+solutions+v+09

7/25/2019 01. 150113_Innovative+GSM+solutions+v+09

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1 Nokia Siemens Networks Customer Confidential

Innovative GSM Software Solutions

Gerhard Speckmayr

Software ValueBusiness ProgramMBB Portfolio Management

July, 2012


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2 Nokia Siemens Networks

Capacity demand is like a wave in modern networksNetwork utilization calls for fluidity

Capacitydem

andataagiventime

Network Coverage

Time

Busyhour

Liquid Radio GSM softwarenetwork resources fluid Capacity dynamically followin

coming fromfollowing the e Double HSPA/ LTE data throu

with same GSM services in re

Capture more revenue while lOwnership

Busy hour fluctuation

Morning Aft


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Liquid Radio GSM software suitefeatures in nut sh

With Flexi Multiradio Base Station family

Orthogonal Sub Channel

Smart Resource Adaptation

Precise Paging

Compressed traffic and signaling resources, same

capacity and network quality

SignallingPaging to all cells

DataMS multislot class

VoiceHalf Rate

OSC

SRA

PP

Flexible MCPA

Dynamic sharing reduc

providing more power f

GSM

HSPA

52W@GSM12,5W@carrier

8W@HSPA8W@carrier

Dynamic Frequency and Channel Allocation

in spectrum limited cases

Energy Efficient Coverage

Minimized network interference, better quality at cell edge, indoors

and in weak signal conditions, enables tighter frequency re-use

Less timeslots

Stati

GSM resources optimized with Liquid Radio GSM software suite

Fewer radio timeslots, frequencies and carriers needed for same GSM services

More carriers, spectrum and RF power can be allocated for HSPA/LTE

More carriers

GSM

HSPA

More traffic

DHR DHR

DHR

Latest cellpaging

Single TSL


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Financial benefits of Liquid Radio GSM SW SuiteNetwork impact included to financial benefits

Voice, data and signaling capacityincreased and existing resources are freedup for refarming or for more GSM traffic

Fewer sites and less equipment requito offer the same GS; capacity

Number of TRX

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

2012 2013 2014

No LiquidRadio

With LiquidRadio

31% less

PS territory

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

2012 2013 2014

No LiquidRadio

With LiquidRadio

TSL

21% less

GSM cell capacity

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

2012 201

Erl

90%


5/396 Nokia Siemens Networks Customer Confidential

Software Solutions for Operators NeedsGSM Application Software PortfolioOverview

Smartphone Traffic Signaling capacity

Parallel voice & data Smart resource allocation

M2M

Operational Efficiency Energy saving fundamentals

Advanced energy saving

Data Throughput enhancements

Efficiency enhancements

PS Mobility enhancements QoS

W In

Capacity Spectral efficiency

AMR solutions

OSC solutions

Re-framing

TD

Eth

Loc

Security Air interface security

Transport security



Capacity



Software features enable easier,cheaper and environmentallysustainable capacity expansions

OSC-HR and DFCA Features can

improve both capacity and quality

of existing network

High quality voice capacity - make the difference

ExistingBTS site

Traditional

Spectrum cap

Reduce

High quSW

Reduced HighInterference

Traffic

increase

Interference

RX levels

OSC-HR software feature Four voice calls in one timeslot

AMR-HR voice codec

DFCA software feature More voice capacity and higher data

rates due improved interference

Spectral efficiency due enabling use ofmore TRX / frequency band

Traditional way to increase capacity is

adding new TRXs and BTS sites,

which is costly and creates

challenges with network quality



BSS Capacity SolutionsVoice Capacity

GSM Half Rate / AMR Capacity (AMR HR)

OSC-DHROSC Half Rate with SAIC MS

OSC-DFROSC Full Rate with SAIC MS

AQPSK with VAMOS 2 handsets

OSC support for VAMOS handsets

OSC capability test for Handsets

Spectral Efficiency

Load Based AMR Packing

Radio Link Timeout Parameters for AMR-HR

Progressive AMR Power Control

Robust AMR Signalling

Single Antenna Interference Cancellation (SAI

Space Time IRC (STIRC)

Antenna Hopping (Intelligent) Frequency Hopping

Dynamic Frequency and Channel Allocatio

AMR HO Signaling Optimization

AMR Unpacking Optimization

SDCCH and PS Data Channels on DFCA TRX

Merged P- & E-GSM900

Precise Paging

EGPRS DL Power Control DFCA minimizes radio network interference Same/More capacity with less frequencies Higher usage of AMR-HR and better MOS

Orthogonal Subchannel (OSC)

Dynamic Frequency Channel Allocation

BTSs with LMU

GPS

BSCs withDFCA algorithm

BSC-BSClink

Legacymobiles

AMR-HR OSC-HR

2 users per TSL 4 users per TSL

OSC0

Half Rate voice codec Dual Half Rate voice codes

Multiplexing/De-multiplexing

OSC1



Nokia Siemens Networks innovationOSC - Orthogonal Sub Channel Half Rate

Double AMR-HR capacity

AMR-HR like MOS quality

Increases voice capacity and reduced

CS blocking via Software Supported by every 3GPP SAIC handset

AMR HR OSC-DHR

2 users per TSL 4 users per TSL

OSC0

Half Rate voice codec Dual Half Rate voice codes

Multiplexing/De-multiplexing

OSC1

QPSK in DL

MIMO in UL

Q

Tran

MRec

3GPP SAIC MS penetrationpredicted vs. measure

0%

20%40%

60%

80%

100%

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20


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OSC-HR Field PerformanceAPAC Operator

OSC-HR field performance is in line with our predictions

Achievements

Up to 27% increase in CS traffic

Reduction of CS-blocking

High gains supported by good RXdistribution and optimized param

OSC-HR gains depend on

SAIC MS penetration

RXqual distribution

Selected parameter set

Removal of all possible bottlenecks (e.g.

CSDAP capacity, SDCCH capacity)

Load level

OSC-HR traffic in different cell


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OSC-HR Field Performance

Quality KPIs improved or maintained

Quality KPI improvements

Massive reduction of TCH blocking a

activation Improved Handover Success Rate

TCH Drop Rate and other quality KP

TCH Blocking % Handover Success Rate %

TCH Drop Rate %


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Smartphone Traffic & Data


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Smarter GSM Networks - 3G data boom that spreads to your

Unique quality

of experience

Signaling

Up to five fold

Up to four fold

Data

Simultaneous voice and data calls

Smart Resource Adaptation(SRA)feature up to 5 folds smartdevice usersfor small packets

Dual Transenables simand data ca

Paging co-ordinaenables reception call also during da

Extended CCCHup to four folds signaling chan

Unique inefficiency

Smarter GSM networks launch

14 Nokia Siemens Networks 2011

Precisereducesand Abi

Multislot EDGE (EDA, HDA) andDownlink Dual Carrierimprove throughput and customerexperience


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Concurrent Voice &

Data - Incoming CS callduring PS session

Subscriber not reachable,and

CS call diverted to voicemail.

Notification via SMS (only ifimplemented.)

CCCH capacity exhausted

Paging Co-ord

No service

(Network Busy)

Signalingdue

increased number of

CS/PS calls

Extended CCC

Intelligent Sele

Precise Pagin

Dual Transfer MIncoming CS call acceptedbut PS call suspended

Applications send small packets,and resources are allocatedaccording Terminal multislotcapability

Traffic LoadBooming

smart device applicationusage

Few terminals can causeblocking of service to many

Smart Resourc

Instant QoS Si

GSM Data Traffic Challenges and Solutions

No CS Paging Coordination

CS Paging coordinationimplemented

Smart DSubscriber ImpactNetwork Impact

EDGEApplications send large packets,resources allocated by Terminalmultislot capability

Low throughput pertimeslot causes slowservice

EGPRS capacity too small,causing lower throughputcapacity

2nd EDGE TR

AMR-HR and

Extended Dyn

High Multislot

Downlink Dua

Applications require higherspeed

Challenge


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Smart Phones Friendly GSM NetworkThroughput and Efficiency

Enhanced Data Rates for GSM (E

High Multislot Classes (HMC)

Extended Dynamic Allocation (EDA

Dual Transfer Mode (DTM)

Smart Resource Adaptation (SR

Instant QoS Signalling (IQS)

Downlink Dual Carrier (DLDC)

Orthogonal Subchannel HR (OS

Improve Performance and PS Mob

Gb over IP

PCU2 Pooling

Network Controlled Cell Reselectio

Inter System NCCR (IS-NCCR)

Network Assisted Cell Change (NA

Paging coordination in BSC

Extended CCCH

Congestion

Cell change

NCCR

Distributes mobiles among cells to avoidtraffic congestion, when neighboring cells

have capacity

1 user gets 5 TS

Smart Resource Adaptation (SRA)

Allocation of 1 TSL in DL based on size of data packet, instead ofallocation according MS capability

Efficient, network controlled use of resources, with short datapackage sizee.g. instant messaging, smart phone apps

5 users served

Data volume

Size of packet250B

web

Up to 5 TSL1 TSL

Si li C it


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Signaling CapacityAddressing high traffic loadVoice Calls, Smart Phones, SMS, M2M

Adapt signaling capacity to the actual

High capacity signaling links on A Interf

SIGTRAN over A interface

(Increased) Dynamic SDCCH Allocatio

Intelligent Selective Paging

Extended CCCH

Precise Paging

First paging only to the cell+neigbours of last MSlocation

Paging load decreased by up to 70% Location Area/Routing Area downsizing can be

avoided

Precise Paging decreases signaling load

eCCCH increases the usage of Smart Devices

MSC

BSCPaging

Paging

SGSN

Abis/LAPD

Highest gain with key use cases:Very high number of cells in LA/RAMS is stationary / high penetration of Smart DevicesSmart Devices with high number of transactions

More radio time slots for CCCH to increase signaling capacity inlarger configurations and heavily loaded cells

Improve paging success rate and shorten call establishmentsesp. in congested cells Up to 4 times more Smart Device users with extended CCCH

M2M C ti it


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M2M Connectivity

Address M2M Signaling Load

Intelligent Selective Paging

Paging Coordination in BSC

Extended CCCH (incl. RACH)

Precise Paging

Smart Metering creates demanding requirement on

RACH depending on:

reading periodicity household density

Fleet Management creates demanding requirementson RACH, depending on:

track freight/vehicle location velocity of vehicles typical reporting every 5-15 seconds

M2M applications send simu

RACH access bursts.

M2M makes RACH the bottle

Cope with Packet Data TCH bloc Priority Class based QoS

Smart Resource Adaptation

Enhanced Packet Scheduler

Admission Control for EGPRS

Data Volume

Size of packet250B

Web

Up to 5 TSL1 TSL

M2M

Smart Resource Adaptation (SRA)

Allocation of TS to Mobile according to actual size of data packet,instead of Terminal capability

Efficient, network controlled use of PS resources, with short data

package size!

E h d CCCH Fi ld P f


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Enhanced CCCHField PerformancePaging deletions almost 0 after activating eCCCH

Second additio


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IP Transport

A IP


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Transport costs savings due to

lower cost IP transport

Improved transport efficiency for the

Transcoder in the MGW scenariothrough standardising TrFO for

GSM/EDGE

Better speech quality with A over IP

Transcoder in MGW

Simplified system configuration

in Multipoint A scenarios

A over IPImproved transport efficiency, simplified Multipoint A configuration, bette

A over IP

A over IP Transcoder in BSS

A over IP Transcoder in MGW

A over IP Enhancements

Legacy Abis with for A over IP Transcoder in MGW

CS Data support A over IP Transcoder in MGW

P k t Abi TDM d Eth t


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Packet Abis over TDM and EthernetImproved transport efficiency

Bandwidth Optimization

Improved transport efficiency by more

than 50%

Flexible Bandwidth assignment

Efficient bandwidth allocation

One resource pool for all traffic: Voice,

Data, Signaling

Evolution towards Packet Network

Common packet transport for GSM,

WCDMA and LTE

Packet Abis over TDM

Re-use of existing Transport Network

Investment Protectiontransparent to Transport Network

Packet Abis over Ethernet

Usage of low cost packet backhaul

Common transport for 2G and 3G / LTE

Legacy Abis

EDGEE

vo

Voice

Voice

Voice/OSC

EDGE

Packet Abis

Ba

ndwidth

Voice/OSC

EDGE

Bandwi

Mo

Packet Abis for TDM Networks


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Maximize Performance

Local switching for Packet Abis Packet Abis over IP/TDM Aggre

Packet Abis for inst. Base

Packet Abis for TDM Networks

Capacity and Efficiency

Packet Abis over TDM

Operability

Abis Delay Measurement

Legacy Abis

EDG

EPh2

Voice

Voice

Voice/OSC

EDGE

Packet Abis

Bandwidth

Voice/OSC

EDGEPh2

Bandwidth saving

> 50%

Aggregation

siteMLPPP

Packet Abis

E1/T1/FB

IP

Flexi BTS

TDM

BSC

Eth

BSC3i 1000/2000

FlexiBSC or mcBSC

IPPacket Abis

EthernetBSC site

Packet Abis for IP/Ethernet Networks


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Packet Abis for IP/Ethernet Networks

Capacity and Efficiency

Packet Abis over IP/Ethernet

Operability

Abis Delay Measurement

Maximize Performance

Local switching for Packet Abis

Packet Abis Synch. IEEE 1588v Packet Abis synchronous Ethern

Packet Abis Security

QoS aware Ethernet switching

Packet Abis for inst. base

Legacy Abis

EDG

EPh2

Voice

Voice

Voice/OSC

EDGE

Packet Abis

Bandwidth

Voice/OSC

EDGEPh2

Bandwidth saving

> 50%

SysMod.

RF*

Flexi BSC

mcBSC

TDM or ETH

ETH

TDM

or

Packet Network

UltraSite

BS2xx

Horizon

UltraSite

TDM Abis Packet Abis

Flexi Multiradio10

Packet Abis vs PWE3 CESoPSN


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Packet Abis vs. PWE3 CESoPSN

If I already have PWE3 CESoPSNw

Bandwidth efficiency

Packet Abis is ~50 % more efficient due to

Optimization

Aggregation gains achievable

PWE traffic (like TDM) requires same band

Traffic does not depend on air interface

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

Bandwidth

need

-50%

-99%

Results from commercial networks


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Results from commercial networksExpectations exceeded in live implementations

>60%savings

Results:

Typical throughput reduced bymore than 60%, both for Packet

Abis over Ethernet and TDM All Radio KPI maintained

Stable synchronization for Ethernetsites withTiming over Packet IEEE1588v2


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Operational Efficiency

Energy Efficiency Software Solutions


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Energy EfficiencySoftware Solutions

Fundamentals to optimize the power consumption

PA Shutdown for Idle TSLs (Flexi EDGE and Ultrasite) *) Traffic Prioritization to BCCH TRX *)

Downlink Power Control *)

Downlink Discontinuous Transmission (DL-DTX)

Common BCCH

Single Antenna Interference Cancellation (SAIC)

AMR HR

Further enhancements for energy savings

Adjustable Intelligent Shutdown

Energy Saving Mode for BCCH TRX

2G TRX Automatic Power Down (Flexi EDGE)

Energy Optimized TCH allocation

Flexible MCPA TX Power pooling

OSC

Energy Efficient Coverage

BTS power consumption

BTS traffic load

TS0 TS1 TS2 TS3 TS4 TS5

competitor

BTS+

on on off off on on

Flexi

Traditional BTS

BCCH

TRX2

Minimizing usage of PA, and level of power transmitted Minimize n.r of TS used, and power-optimize allocation of traffic to TS

*****

**) Features included in basic Operating S

Energy Efficient Coverage (EEC) ASW feature in nu


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Energy Efficient Coverage (EEC) ASW featurein nu

Improved GSM capacity, coverage and network quality - enabling true re-farming

Supported by standard MS and core networks

Requires Flexi Multiradio BTS family with antenna diversity and RG30

RadioChannel

RadioChannel

TX 1

TX 2Delay + PH

TXdata

EEC is similar to 4G MIMO butworks with standard GSM MSs

Standard GSM mobile stations combinesignals and obtain gainsimilarly to MIMOin 4G

Typically 4 dB better coverage

BTS Tx diversity smoothens huge phase diversity rises quality further

The effective BTS transmitter powe58 dB, but typically 4 dB gains calimited networks

Overall interference level is reducefrequency re-usee.g. 3+3+3 carrwith BCCH re-use 9 and TCH re-us

For UL limited networks also 4 wayrequired

Go+ 20 dB

- 20 dBBa

Fastfading

Multipath fading inurban areas

BTS Tx diversity

Highest multipath diversity gain canobtained behind obstacles, wherethe majority of the radio signal is

reflected from surrounding objects

BTS transmits signals via two antennas, theother signal slightly delayed and phase shifted

Space diversity Delay diversity Phase diversity

Tx 1

Tx 2


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Quality

HD Voice has arrived also to GSM networks


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HD Voice has arrived also to GSM networksProviding one scale better speech quality

Orange/France telecom survey

Longer phone usage by some u

76% prepared to change mobil

Frequency spectrum of Narrow Band AMR (NB-AMR)

Wide Band AMR (WB-AMR)

50 300 3400 7000 Hz

Power

HD Voice enables one scale better speech quality

Maximizing subscriber growth, usage and retention

Same HD Voice codecs for GSM, WCDMA and LTE

Supported by Symbian and Windows Phones as default iPhone and Android support by operator request

Worlds First HD Voice over GSM n

Nokia Siemens Networks wiGSM HD Voice customer ref

Nokia 800

Nokia

Nokia 710

Interworking for GSM-WCDMA and GSM-LTENewRG1


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Interworking for GSM WCDMA and GSM LTE

Basic Interworking

GSM-WCDMA Interworking

LTE System Information

Advanced Interworking GSM-WCDMA, Controlled WCDMA

IMSI based Handover

Inter System NCCR

Inter System NACC (if not NSN WC

Service Quality based WCDMA A

Inter System NACC for LTE (if not NGSMWCDMA Interworking

Idle mode

campingpreference

Continuous

coverageprovision

Data service

connectivity

Service

performanceoptimization

Load

balancing

Load basedhandover

Load awarecall control

Cell re-

selectionPacket

handover

Service basedhandover

Coveragebased handover

Idle modeparameterization

Penalty timers, re-selection timers

Interworking features

Optimized Multiradio network

End users expecting full service

Maximized service experience w

Optimized utilization of resources

GSMLTE Interworking

Increasing need for Advanced GSM-WCDMA Interwo


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Basic GSM-WCDMA interworking is already implemented inall networks

The need for advanced interworking features depends on Available spectrum for GSM900/1800 and WCDMA900/2100; re-

farming from GSM to WCDMA

3G terminal penetration, Smart Phone penetration

Coverage of respective layers

Increasing need for Advanced GSM WCDMA Interwo

WCD

GS

Above factors change over time! Reason to re-evaluate the need for more

advanced interworking features!

Advanced GSM/WCDMA Interworking


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Advanced GSM/WCDMA InterworkingInter System NCCR and Service Qual ity B ased WCDMA Acc ess

Inter System Network Controlled Cell Reselection (NCCR)

Initiates a cell reselection from a GPRS/EDGE cell to a WCDMA RAN cell.

Service Quality Based WCDMA Access GSM to WCDMA Advanced Cell Reselection

Received signal code power, RSCP, can be used as an additional 2G to 3G cell re-selection criterion in idle mode to prevent ping-pong effect in 2G-3G cell reselection

WCDMA neighbor cell reporting enhancement

Received signal code power, RSCP, can be used as an additional 2G to 3G cell handovercriterion in connected mode to prevent ISHOs and IS-NCCRs from 2G to 3G cell whenthe new cells uplink performance would be poor

data

Customer Benefits

Optimized usage of 2G/3G investments due extended measures tocontrol the data traffic balancing between 2G/3G networks

Improved Quality of Service due better data performance

WCD

GS


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Security

GSM air interface security needs upgradeWe can p


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y pg pradio networks !

Chaos ConfereDefending mo

GSM security in 1990 was a revolutionand a fundamental success with design

lifetime of 20 years

A5/3 ciphering

Random Fill bits

SDCCH hand over

GSM radio network features that make A5/1 cracking method not feasible

Plaintext

SDCCH HO

SI5x message

SI5x message Non-ciphered plaintexteasier cracking of Kc

Plaintext, but useless

New Kc

A5/1 ciphering SI is ciphered with Kc

False SI5x message

Predictable transactions

Ciphered butpredictable 2b

Ciphered and

randomized

A5/3 is strongKasumi used

GPencnot

Packet Abis Security


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y

IPsec Authentication

IPsec Encryption

IPsec Integrity

IPsec

Internet Protocol Security

Simplify Network Complexity with IP Security

public domain

EthEthPacket Switched

Network

IPSecurity

Gateway

Integrated O&M in OSS/NetAct

IPsec integrated in Flexi Multiradio/EDGE

Any Flexi BTS


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Roadmap Overview

GSM Roadmap Overview


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GSM Suite for Liq uid Netis an integrated part of our

GSM Application Software Portfolio

based on market feedbackaddressing typical GSM operator challenges

Strong GSM software development focus, and valuable solution pac

Improving voice efficiency and performance

Leading Spectrum Efficiency as enable for 3G/LTE refarming to GSM frequ

Coping with high Data & Smart Phones traffic/signaling load

Operational efficiencytransport evolution to IP, reduced energy consumpSecurity in air interface and transport network

Single RAN, and interworking with WCDMA & LTE

Documents

01. 150113_Innovative+GSM+solutions+v+09