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William Shakespeare April 23, 1564 - April
23, 1616 Lived: Stratford – on –
Avon His father was a
tanner/glove-maker Anne Hathaway was his
wife He wrote sonnets – 14
line poems with a rhyming scheme
Was an actor in Lord Chamberlain’s Men
Great writer of England
Plays translated into all languages, musicals, ballets
Born Stratford-upon-Avon
Well-to-do, affluent while alive
Most quoted, other than the Bible
Teen father: married pregnant 26 year old Anne Hathaway when he was 18
Deadbeat dad: Left wife and children for London stage career
Father of twins
Thames River polluted with raw sewage
Trees used up for fuel
Poverty
Bathing considered dangerous Body odor strong Childhood diseases Children often died before 5 years Small Pox Bubonic Plague
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No running water
Chamber Pots
Open Sewers Crowded
One set used all year long, rarely washed
Underclothing slept in, infrequently changed
Clothes handed down from rich to poor
Performed in courtyards of inns
The Theater-first public theater-1576
Daytime/open air Limited set design Relied on music,
sound, costumes, props and great description
Built in 1599 Across the Thames- “Wrong side of town” King’s Players - Shakespeare’s company Penny admission Shakespeare owned the Globe Theater
All men Female parts
played by young boys
No actual kissing or hugging on stage
Conventions are the ways things are done in theatre
All actors were male in this time The performances were always in the day
because there was no electricity There was no curtain – this is why people
always died offstage There was no scenery Shakespeare always included a scene of
comedy to break things up even in the saddest plays for those who were standing (groundlings)
Groundlings are the people who stand in the middle of the theatre to watch the play
Poor Audience members
Stood around stage in “the pit”
Women not allowed (had to dress up as men to attend)
Threw rotten vegetables at bad performances
Bastard daughter of King Henry VIII and Ann Boleyn (2nd of 6 wives)
Henry had Ann beheaded for “treason”
Younger sister of “Bloody Mary.”
“Virgin Queen”? A tease and a player
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