What is tourism? Where do people go on holiday? What factors
affect tourism growth? How important is tourism in different
countries?
Slide 5
TOURISM IS TRAVELLING FOR LEISURE TOURISM IS TRAVELLING FOR
LEISURE
Slide 6
What is tourism? Where do people go on holiday? What factors
affect tourism growth? How important is tourism in different
countries?
Slide 7
TOP TEN TOURIST DESTINATIONS 1.FRANCE 2. SPAIN 3. USA 4. CHINA
5. ITALY 6. UK 7. GERMANY 8. MEXICO 9. TURKEY 10. AUSTRIA TOP TEN
TOURIST DESTINATIONS 1.FRANCE 2. SPAIN 3. USA 4. CHINA 5. ITALY 6.
UK 7. GERMANY 8. MEXICO 9. TURKEY 10. AUSTRIA 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6
6 7 7 8 8 9 9 1010 1010
Slide 8
What is tourism? Where do people go on holiday? What factors
affect tourism growth? How important is tourism in different
countries?
Slide 9
Growth in Tourism The worlds largest industry $500bn Leisure
accounts for 75% of international travel 900m tourists 2007 Est
1.6bn by 2020 Growth in Tourism The worlds largest industry $500bn
Leisure accounts for 75% of international travel 900m tourists 2007
Est 1.6bn by 2020 FACTORS AFFECTING GROWTH 1.Social/Economic
Factors Wealth has grown since 1950. Ave wage 2006 23k in UK. Fewer
children per family. More leisure time with holiday entitlement now
5-6 wks 1.Social/Economic Factors Wealth has grown since 1950. Ave
wage 2006 23k in UK. Fewer children per family. More leisure time
with holiday entitlement now 5-6 wks 2. Technology Improvements
Travel is quicker and easier due to motorways, airport expansion
and jet aircraft advances. Booking is easier with internet. 2.
Technology Improvements Travel is quicker and easier due to
motorways, airport expansion and jet aircraft advances. Booking is
easier with internet. 3. Expansion of Choice 1950s-60s coastal
resorts in UK and National Parks popular. 1970s package holidays in
Europe became popular. Worldwide destinations now open 3. Expansion
of Choice 1950s-60s coastal resorts in UK and National Parks
popular. 1970s package holidays in Europe became popular. Worldwide
destinations now open
Slide 10
What is tourism? Where do people go on holiday? What factors
affect tourism growth? How important is tourism in different
countries?
Slide 11
USA USA EARNS APPROX $66.5BN FROM TOURISM PER YEAR USA USA
EARNS APPROX $66.5BN FROM TOURISM PER YEAR FRANCE MOST POPULAR
TOURST DESTINATION IN THE WORLD. IN 2007 IT EARNED MORE THAN ANY
OTHER COUNTRY FROM TOURISM FRANCE MOST POPULAR TOURST DESTINATION
IN THE WORLD. IN 2007 IT EARNED MORE THAN ANY OTHER COUNTRY FROM
TOURISM JAMAICA AVERAGE TOURIST SPEND IN JAMAICA IS $900 PER PERSON
JAMAICA AVERAGE TOURIST SPEND IN JAMAICA IS $900 PER PERSON CHINA
CHINA IS BECOMING A MORE POPULAR WITH 42M VISITORS IN 2005 CHINA
CHINA IS BECOMING A MORE POPULAR WITH 42M VISITORS IN 2005
Slide 12
Can you arrange the top 3s of the three categories in red? TOP
3 MOST VISITED COUNTRIES TOP 3 LONDON ATTRACTIONS TOP 3 MOST
VISITED CITIES SPAIN FRANCE USA TOWER OF LONDON LONDON EYE BRITISH
MUSEUM PARIS ROME NEW YORK ANSWER
Slide 13
Can you arrange the top 3s of the three categories in red? TOP
3 MOST VISITED COUNTRIES TOP 3 LONDON ATTRACTIONS TOP 3 MOST
VISITED CITIES SPAIN FRANCE USA TOWER OF LONDON LONDON EYE BRITISH
MUSEUM PARIS ROME NEW YORK
Slide 14
(click on the pictures to link to a resource)
Slide 15
EXAM TECHNIQUE TIPS EXAMINRS DO CHEQUE YOUR SPEELING SO DONT BE
LAZI WITH IT! ALTHOUGH THEY CARNT DOCK U MARKS FOUR PAW SPEELING
THEY CAN USE A QWC (QUALITY OF WRITTEN COMMUNICATION) TO EIVER PUSH
YOU UP A LEVEL TO A HIGHER MARK OR KEP YOU WHERE YOU ARESO BAD
SPEELING CAN AFFECT YOUR SCORE. EXAM TECHNIQUE TIPS EXAMINRS DO
CHEQUE YOUR SPEELING SO DONT BE LAZI WITH IT! ALTHOUGH THEY CARNT
DOCK U MARKS FOUR PAW SPEELING THEY CAN USE A QWC (QUALITY OF
WRITTEN COMMUNICATION) TO EIVER PUSH YOU UP A LEVEL TO A HIGHER
MARK OR KEP YOU WHERE YOU ARESO BAD SPEELING CAN AFFECT YOUR SCORE.
(What Could They Ask You? Click the red dots for a mark
scheme/answers) Name 3 factors that have affected the growth of
tourism(3) Using examples describe how important tourism can be to
a country (4)
Slide 16
Answers Name 3 factors that have affected the growth of tourism
(3) Using examples describe how important tourism can be to a
country (4) (6) Mark Scheme Answers should focus on a range of
countries. Examples could be USA has the highest income from
tourism with about $66.5 billion. France is most visited country
with over 76 million visitors. Jamaicas GDP is 50% from tourism
Level 1: (1-2) Basic answer, no development of points, possibly
only one country used. e.g. poor countries get money, lots of
people visit countries Level 2: (3-4) Clear answer, more than one
country used e.g. Tourism in Jamaica makes up 50% of GDP and
tourists spend on average $900 per person. Mark Scheme Answers
should focus on a range of countries. Examples could be USA has the
highest income from tourism with about $66.5 billion. France is
most visited country with over 76 million visitors. Jamaicas GDP is
50% from tourism Level 1: (1-2) Basic answer, no development of
points, possibly only one country used. e.g. poor countries get
money, lots of people visit countries Level 2: (3-4) Clear answer,
more than one country used e.g. Tourism in Jamaica makes up 50% of
GDP and tourists spend on average $900 per person. BACK TO
QUESTIONS BACK TO QUESTIONS ON TO NEXT SECTION ON TO NEXT SECTION
Mark Scheme Point marked. Advances in technology (1) for example
faster jet aircraft (1), social and economic changes (1) like more
leisure time (1) higher wages (1), wider choice of destinations (1)
Mark Scheme Point marked. Advances in technology (1) for example
faster jet aircraft (1), social and economic changes (1) like more
leisure time (1) higher wages (1), wider choice of destinations
(1)
Slide 17
Slide 18
How important is tourism to the UK? The growth of tourism The
contribution of tourism External factors affecting UK The Butler
Model Case Study: Lake District Where is it? Whats their? Impacts
Strategies
Slide 19
Pre War Tourism in UK mostly domestic based. Only wealthy and
privileged go abroad Pre War Tourism in UK mostly domestic based.
Only wealthy and privileged go abroad Pre War 1950s/ 60s 1970s/ 80s
1990s/ 2000s 2010/ onwards 50/60s Domestic tourism grows rapidly as
UK economy booms. Annual holidays become common 50/60s Domestic
tourism grows rapidly as UK economy booms. Annual holidays become
common 70/80s UK seaside holidays peak in mid 70s(40m) visito.
Package holidays abroad become popular 70/80s UK seaside holidays
peak in mid 70s(40m) visito. Package holidays abroad become popular
90/00s Cheap air travel becomes the norm and city breaks boom. Long
haul holidays boom. 90/00s Cheap air travel becomes the norm and
city breaks boom. Long haul holidays boom. 10s Long haul and
extended hols to exotic location increase. 10s Long haul and
extended hols to exotic location increase.
Terrorism The destruction of the Twin Towers during the 9/11
attacks had huge impacts on travel. Fear of flying produced an
immediate 30% drop in flight demand. Long term impacts have seen
security checks increased. The 7/7 Underground bombings caused
visitor numbers to drop sharply in the immediate aftermath
Terrorism The destruction of the Twin Towers during the 9/11
attacks had huge impacts on travel. Fear of flying produced an
immediate 30% drop in flight demand. Long term impacts have seen
security checks increased. The 7/7 Underground bombings caused
visitor numbers to drop sharply in the immediate aftermath Banking
Crisis The crash of world bans had a devastating effect on tourism.
The cost of travel has rose significantly forcing people to take
stay-cations. The Euros value has risen against the pound making
Eurozone countries more expensive. Banking Crisis The crash of
world bans had a devastating effect on tourism. The cost of travel
has rose significantly forcing people to take stay-cations. The
Euros value has risen against the pound making Eurozone countries
more expensive.
Slide 22
How important is tourism to the UK? The growth of tourism The
contribution of tourism External factors affecting UK The Butler
Model Case Study: Lake District Where is it? Whats their? Impacts
Strategies
Slide 23
STAGE 1 Exploration Small numbers of visitors discover a place
because of its natural beauty, historical or cultural features
STAGE 1 Exploration Small numbers of visitors discover a place
because of its natural beauty, historical or cultural features
STAGE 2 Involvement Local population sees opportunities and starts
to provide accommodation, food, transport, guides and other
services STAGE 2 Involvement Local population sees opportunities
and starts to provide accommodation, food, transport, guides and
other services STAGE 3 Development Large companies take interest.
Hotel chains start building work. Package holidays begin to be
advertised. Job opportunities grow STAGE 3 Development Large
companies take interest. Hotel chains start building work. Package
holidays begin to be advertised. Job opportunities grow STAGE 4
Consolidation Tourism a major part of local economy. Visitor
numbers steady, employment secure. Facilities becoming older, type
of visitors attracted goes downmarket. Rowdiness becomes a problem
STAGE 4 Consolidation Tourism a major part of local economy.
Visitor numbers steady, employment secure. Facilities becoming
older, type of visitors attracted goes downmarket. Rowdiness
becomes a problem STAGE 5 Stagnation The resort becomes
unfashionable and number of visitors begin to fall. Businesses
linked to tourism begin to fail STAGE 5 Stagnation The resort
becomes unfashionable and number of visitors begin to fall.
Businesses linked to tourism begin to fail STAGE 6 Decline or
Rejuvenation Decline: Visitors prefer other resorts. Day
trippers/weekenders become main source of income Rejuvenation:
Attempts made to modernise the resort and attract different people
STAGE 6 Decline or Rejuvenation Decline: Visitors prefer other
resorts. Day trippers/weekenders become main source of income
Rejuvenation: Attempts made to modernise the resort and attract
different people
Slide 24
STAGE 1 Exploration 1780-90 First road built into Blackpool and
people started travelling in small numbers into the area. It took 1
day to travel from Manchester STAGE 1 Exploration 1780-90 First
road built into Blackpool and people started travelling in small
numbers into the area. It took 1 day to travel from Manchester
STAGE 2 Involvement 1840-1850 Railway begins to arrive and major
investment by locals in facilities start to encourage tourists
STAGE 2 Involvement 1840-1850 Railway begins to arrive and major
investment by locals in facilities start to encourage tourists
STAGE 3 Development 1860-1900 Major developments built. Winter
Gardens (1878), Tower (1894). Blackpool could accommodate 1/4m
people STAGE 3 Development 1860-1900 Major developments built.
Winter Gardens (1878), Tower (1894). Blackpool could accommodate
1/4m people STAGE 4 Consolidation 1900-1950 Boom years for
Blackpool. On average 19m people per year visited. Disposable
income on the increase in the UK. STAGE 4 Consolidation 1900-1950
Boom years for Blackpool. On average 19m people per year visited.
Disposable income on the increase in the UK. STAGE 5 Stagnation
1960-70 Cheaper package holidays abroad are cheaper so Blackpools
popularity declines. Unreliable weather means people look abroad
STAGE 5 Stagnation 1960-70 Cheaper package holidays abroad are
cheaper so Blackpools popularity declines. Unreliable weather means
people look abroad STAGE 6 Decline or Rejuvenation 1980-Present
Blackpool invested in its facilities opening a Sea Life Centre,
upgrading rides in the Pleasure Beach and improving the
Illuminations. Blackpool now encourages winter trade by holding
conferences. STAGE 6 Decline or Rejuvenation 1980-Present Blackpool
invested in its facilities opening a Sea Life Centre, upgrading
rides in the Pleasure Beach and improving the Illuminations.
Blackpool now encourages winter trade by holding conferences.
VIDEO
Slide 25
How important is tourism to the UK? The growth of tourism The
contribution of tourism External factors affecting UK The Butler
Model Case Study: Lake District Where is it? Whats their? Impacts
Strategies
Slide 26
The Lake District National Park is located in the north west of
England in the county of Cumbria It stretches 64km north to south
and 53km east to west. It became a National Park in 1951 and has
been a source of peace and tranquillity for millions ever since The
area is famous for its rugged mountains, large lakes and small
lakeland villages The Lake District National Park is located in the
north west of England in the county of Cumbria It stretches 64km
north to south and 53km east to west. It became a National Park in
1951 and has been a source of peace and tranquillity for millions
ever since The area is famous for its rugged mountains, large lakes
and small lakeland villages
Slide 27
Scafell Pike England highest mountain Scafell Pike England
highest mountain Brockhole Lake District Visitors centre Brockhole
Lake District Visitors centre Lake Windermere and the lake cruises
Lake Windermere and the lake cruises Grasmere and Dove Cottage home
of Wordsworth Grasmere and Dove Cottage home of Wordsworth
Helvellyn and Striding Edge Helvellyn and Striding Edge
Slide 28
Traffic congestion in small Lakeland villages e.g. Ambleside is
common. The narrow roads struggle to cope with the volume of
traffic Both physical and cultural honeypot sites are under
pressure in the Lakes. Scafell Pike is suffering from severe
footpath erosion 20% of houses in the Lakes are 2 nd homes of
holiday lets. This increase property prices for locals Water sports
on Lake Windermere causes strong washes eroding the shore. Also oil
leaks from powerboats can cause water pollution Dual carriageways
are built on the edges of the Lakes to help move traffic
effectively. Car Parks situated outside village centres Footpaths
repaired using harder wearing materials e.g. gravel. Clear
signposting channels walkers Little achieved yet as it is difficult
to manage house prices Strict speed limit of 18kph on Lake
Windermere reduces noise pollution and shore erosion Traffic
Problems Traffic Problems Honeypot Sites Honeypot Sites
Environmental Issues Environmental Issues Pressure on Property
Slide 29
Can you construct a mind map on the Lake District National
Park?
Slide 30
(click on the pictures to link to a resource)
Slide 31
EXAM TECHNIQUE TIPS LET THE MNENOMICS DO THE WORK MNENOMICS ARE
POWERFUL TOOLS TO ENHANCE RECALL. USE THIS MNENOMIC FOR REMEMBERING
THE STAGES OF THE BUTLER MODEL EDINBURGH IS DEVELOPING CASTLE SITES
DAILY EXAM TECHNIQUE TIPS LET THE MNENOMICS DO THE WORK MNENOMICS
ARE POWERFUL TOOLS TO ENHANCE RECALL. USE THIS MNENOMIC FOR
REMEMBERING THE STAGES OF THE BUTLER MODEL EDINBURGH IS DEVELOPING
CASTLE SITES DAILY (What Could They Ask You? Click the red dots for
a mark scheme/answers) Describe how the number of people holidaying
in the UK and abroad has changed (4) Describe and explain the
impacts of tourism in a National Park you have studied(8) FIGURE
3
Slide 32
BACK TO QUESTIONS BACK TO QUESTIONS
Slide 33
Answers Describe how the number of people holidaying in the UK
and abroad has changed (4) Describe and explain the impacts of
tourism in a National Park you have studied (8) (6) Mark Scheme
Answers will likely to focus on the Lake District. Traffic impacts
are common in the Lake District with congestion common. The main
street of Ambleside, Compston Road is narrow and constantly snarls
up with traffic. Ambleside being a honeypots site receives over a
million visitors per year. Stock Ghyll Falls path is being badly
eroded due to the concentration of people. The number of second
homes in Ambleside is about 20%. This means that house prices for
locals are inflated due to lack of available housing. Level 1:
Basic (1-4) Simple statements, no case study e.g. tourists drop
litter, cars create air pollution Level 2: Clear (5-6) Developed
statements, case study maybe used e.g. Traffic congestion in
Ambleside causes slow moving traffic through the town centre Level
3: Detailed (7-8) Develop statements, case study used throughout
e.g. Traffic congestion in Ambleside, especially on Compston Road
means traffic is slow moving. This can cause inconvenience. Mark
Scheme Answers will likely to focus on the Lake District. Traffic
impacts are common in the Lake District with congestion common. The
main street of Ambleside, Compston Road is narrow and constantly
snarls up with traffic. Ambleside being a honeypots site receives
over a million visitors per year. Stock Ghyll Falls path is being
badly eroded due to the concentration of people. The number of
second homes in Ambleside is about 20%. This means that house
prices for locals are inflated due to lack of available housing.
Level 1: Basic (1-4) Simple statements, no case study e.g. tourists
drop litter, cars create air pollution Level 2: Clear (5-6)
Developed statements, case study maybe used e.g. Traffic congestion
in Ambleside causes slow moving traffic through the town centre
Level 3: Detailed (7-8) Develop statements, case study used
throughout e.g. Traffic congestion in Ambleside, especially on
Compston Road means traffic is slow moving. This can cause
inconvenience. BACK TO QUESTIONS BACK TO QUESTIONS ON TO NEXT
SECTION ON TO NEXT SECTION Mark Scheme Level 1: Basic (1-2) Linear
description. May focus on one of the graphs only. No data used to
supplement answer. E.g. the number of people going abroad is going
up constantly Level 2: Clear (3-4) Patterns identified, data used
to support answer, both graphs described. E.g. The number of people
going abroad rose slowly from 1960 (3million) to 1976 (6million)
Mark Scheme Level 1: Basic (1-2) Linear description. May focus on
one of the graphs only. No data used to supplement answer. E.g. the
number of people going abroad is going up constantly Level 2: Clear
(3-4) Patterns identified, data used to support answer, both graphs
described. E.g. The number of people going abroad rose slowly from
1960 (3million) to 1976 (6million)
Slide 34
Slide 35
What is mass tourism? What are the advantages and disadvantages
of mass tourism? Case Study: Mass tourism in a tropical resort,
Jamaica
Slide 36
TOURISM ON A LARGE SCALE TO ONE COUNTRY OR REGION
Slide 37
What is mass tourism? What are the advantages and disadvantages
of mass tourism? Case Study: Mass tourism in a tropical resort,
Jamaica
Slide 38
Slide 39
What is mass tourism? What are the advantages and disadvantages
of mass tourism? Case Study: Mass tourism in a tropical resort,
Jamaica
Slide 40
ATTRACTIONS POSITIVE IMPACTS OF MASS TOURISM POSITIVE IMPACTS
OF MASS TOURISM FACTS AND FIGURES FACTS AND FIGURES NEGATIVE
IMPACTS OF MASS TOURISM NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF MASS TOURISM
STRATEGIES
Slide 41
Slide 42
Total number of tourists1.3 million Pop employed in tourism8%
Tourist Expenditure (per person)$931 Total Foreign Exchange
Earnings$1.3bn Contribution to GDP20% Cruise Ship Arrivals
(2002)865 Visitors from USA and UK (% of total)70% and 10%
Slide 43
VIDEO Hotel chain e.g. Hilton hire locals for low skilled jobs
e.g. waiters. Locals set up businesses e.g. Caf due to the
multiplier effect New sewerage system built in Montego Bay Kingston
International Airport expanded to cope with over 1m visitors
Tourists spend an average of $931 which boosts economy Over 1.3bn
is generated from tourism in investment
Slide 44
Low skilled jobs e.g. waiter are low paid and long hours
Seasonal jobs mean job security in Kingston is poor Litter being
drop on Montego Bay beach Coral Reef in Montego Bay is being
destroyed due to tourists breaking it for souvenirs The government
have shelved several projects in Kingston e.g. school improvement
to invest in tourism Profits leak out of Jamaica to large TNCs who
run hotel chains etc
Slide 45
Minimum wage introduced into Jamaica of $43 per week Hotel
chains are encouraged to source food from local farms thus keeping
local farming business alive Black Mountain area designated a
National Park to protect by law Coral protection schemes e.g. coral
watch set up in Jamaica Set-up of eco- tourism means profits going
straight to local people Tourist facilities and attraction are
spread out around the island to reduce areas of high tourist
concentration
Slide 46
(click on the pictures to link to a resource)
Slide 47
EXAM TECHNIQUE TIPS CASE STUDIES NEED TO FLOW THROUGHOUT YOUR
ANSWERS. YOU MUST INPUT DETAILS (FACTS/FIGURES/PLACE NAMES) THAT
SHOW THE EXAMINER YOU UNDERSTAND THE CASE STUDY IN DETAIL EXAM
TECHNIQUE TIPS CASE STUDIES NEED TO FLOW THROUGHOUT YOUR ANSWERS.
YOU MUST INPUT DETAILS (FACTS/FIGURES/PLACE NAMES) THAT SHOW THE
EXAMINER YOU UNDERSTAND THE CASE STUDY IN DETAIL (What Could They
Ask You? Click the red dots for a mark scheme/answers) What is mass
tourism(2) Describe and explain the impact of mass tourism on a
tropical resort you have studied(8)
Slide 48
Answers What is mass tourism (2) Describe and explain the
impact of mass tourism on a tropical resort you have studied (8)
Mark Scheme Answers will likely focus on Jamaica. Positive impacts
can include many locals getting jobs in hotels e.g. Hilton hotel in
Kingston as chambermaids, waiters. The income from tourism makes up
20% of GDP and over $1bn in foreign investment. This boosts quality
of life in the country. Negative impacts can include the
destruction of coral reef on the shores of Montego Bay. Tourists
break the coral for souvenirs. This kills the fragile ecosystem.
Also the profits from tourism tend to leak out of the country to
large TNCs who run hotels, airlines and other facilities. Level 1:
Basic (1-4) Simple statements, no case study, probably only
description e.g. tourists drop litter Level 2: Clear (5-6)
Developed statements, case study maybe used, exceptional
description e.g. Tourists who visit Montego Bay tend to drop litter
making it unsightly Level 3: Detailed (7-8) Develop statements,
case study used throughout e.g. In Montego Bay many tourist scuba
dive amongst the coral reef. Unfortunately some tourists break the
coral reef for souvenirs. This can damage the fragile ecosystem of
the Jamaican coast Mark Scheme Answers will likely focus on
Jamaica. Positive impacts can include many locals getting jobs in
hotels e.g. Hilton hotel in Kingston as chambermaids, waiters. The
income from tourism makes up 20% of GDP and over $1bn in foreign
investment. This boosts quality of life in the country. Negative
impacts can include the destruction of coral reef on the shores of
Montego Bay. Tourists break the coral for souvenirs. This kills the
fragile ecosystem. Also the profits from tourism tend to leak out
of the country to large TNCs who run hotels, airlines and other
facilities. Level 1: Basic (1-4) Simple statements, no case study,
probably only description e.g. tourists drop litter Level 2: Clear
(5-6) Developed statements, case study maybe used, exceptional
description e.g. Tourists who visit Montego Bay tend to drop litter
making it unsightly Level 3: Detailed (7-8) Develop statements,
case study used throughout e.g. In Montego Bay many tourist scuba
dive amongst the coral reef. Unfortunately some tourists break the
coral reef for souvenirs. This can damage the fragile ecosystem of
the Jamaican coast BACK TO QUESTIONS BACK TO QUESTIONS ON TO NEXT
SECTION ON TO NEXT SECTION Mark Scheme Tourism in large numbers (1)
in a country or region (1) Mark Scheme Tourism in large numbers (1)
in a country or region (1)
Slide 49
Slide 50
What is extreme tourism? Where are extreme tourist
destinations? What are the target markets? Case Study: Antarctica
Tourist history Attractions Impacts/Strategies
Slide 51
LOCATIONS WITH PARTICULAR DIFFICULT ENVIRONMENTS WHERE THE
DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM HAS ONLY RECENTLY OCCURED.
Slide 52
What is extreme tourism? Where are extreme tourist
destinations? What are the target markets? Case Study: Antarctica
Tourist history Attractions Impacts/Strategies
Slide 53
Slide 54
What is extreme tourism? Where are extreme tourist
destinations? What are the target markets? Case Study: Antarctica
Tourist history Attractions Impacts/Strategies
Slide 55
ANTARCTICA TOURIST NUMBERS USA = 16500 UK = 7300 GERMANY = 5000
AUSTRALIA = 3300 CANADA = 2800 ANTARCTICA TOURIST NUMBERS USA =
16500 UK = 7300 GERMANY = 5000 AUSTRALIA = 3300 CANADA = 2800
Slide 56
What is extreme tourism? Where are extreme tourist
destinations? What are the target markets? Case Study: Antarctica
Tourist history Attractions Impacts/Strategies
Slide 57
SMALL SCALE TOURISM STARTS IN 1950s FIRST SPECIFICALLY DESIGNED
SHIP BUILT IN 1969 BY 1992 9000 TOURIST HAD VISITED BY 2006 37000
AND BY 2008 46000 HAD VISITED OVER 100 TOURIST COMPANIES PROVDE
TOURS TOURS CAN TRAVEL FROM NZ OR ARGENTINA SMALL SCALE TOURISM
STARTS IN 1950s FIRST SPECIFICALLY DESIGNED SHIP BUILT IN 1969 BY
1992 9000 TOURIST HAD VISITED BY 2006 37000 AND BY 2008 46000 HAD
VISITED OVER 100 TOURIST COMPANIES PROVDE TOURS TOURS CAN TRAVEL
FROM NZ OR ARGENTINA
Slide 58
WEB LINK
Slide 59
Human impacts with penguins are very dangerous. If they are
touched adult penguins often abandon their young There have been
incidences of ships striking rocks and spilling oil/waste e.g M/S
Explorer 2007 Fragile ecosystems are common place in the Antarctic
region. Bird Island on South Georgia is home to many rare Antarctic
Terns The number of tourists is rapidly rising and now 100
companies e.g. Exodus, run tours Strict distances are given in
which tourists can approach young penguins Specific routes are
chartered for tourist ships. Any waste material cant be discharged
near to the Antarctic coast Areas are protected by the Antarctic
Treaty which has designated Bird Island an SSSI, so visitors are
not allowed to visit Tour operators have to be members of the
IAATO, which directs tourism in the area to be safe and enviro-
friendly Penguin Contact Penguin Contact Ship Movements Ship
Movements Tourism Industry Tourism Industry Environmental Sensitive
Areas Environmental Sensitive Areas
Slide 60
(click on the pictures to link to a resource)
Slide 61
EXAM TECHNIQUE TIPS CASE STUDIES NEED TO FLOW THROUGHOUT YOUR
ANSWERS. YOU MUST INPUT DETAILS (FACTS/FIGURES/PLACE NAMES) THAT
SHOW THE EXAMINER YOU UNDERSTAND THE CASE STUDY IN DETAIL EXAM
TECHNIQUE TIPS CASE STUDIES NEED TO FLOW THROUGHOUT YOUR ANSWERS.
YOU MUST INPUT DETAILS (FACTS/FIGURES/PLACE NAMES) THAT SHOW THE
EXAMINER YOU UNDERSTAND THE CASE STUDY IN DETAIL (What Could They
Ask You? Click the red dots for a mark scheme/answers) Using figure
4 describe why people want to visit Antarctica(3) Describe the
impact extreme tourism can have on an environment you have
studied(6) FIGURE 4
Slide 62
BACK TO QUESTIONS BACK TO QUESTIONS
Slide 63
Answers Using figure 4 describe why people want to visit
Antarctica (3) Describe the impact extreme tourism can have on an
environment you have studied (6) Mark Scheme Answers will focus on
Antarctica. Impacts can include tourists handing or touching
animals especially penguins. This can cause adult penguins to
abandon their young. Cruise ships have been known to run aground or
hit rocks spilling oil. Also irresponsible crew have discharged
waste water near the coast of Antarctica. Tourist numbers have
grown to over 40000 visitors per year travelling to Antarctica.
This has meant an increase in litter in the areas that are visited.
Level 1: Basic (1-4) Simple statements, no case study e.g. tourists
drop litter, tourist touch animals Level 2: Clear (5-6) Developed
statements, case study used, exceptional description e.g. The
cruise ships that take tourists to the Antarctic continent have
been known to run aground or hit rocks. In 2007 the M/S Explorer
capsized and leaked oil into the ocean. Mark Scheme Answers will
focus on Antarctica. Impacts can include tourists handing or
touching animals especially penguins. This can cause adult penguins
to abandon their young. Cruise ships have been known to run aground
or hit rocks spilling oil. Also irresponsible crew have discharged
waste water near the coast of Antarctica. Tourist numbers have
grown to over 40000 visitors per year travelling to Antarctica.
This has meant an increase in litter in the areas that are visited.
Level 1: Basic (1-4) Simple statements, no case study e.g. tourists
drop litter, tourist touch animals Level 2: Clear (5-6) Developed
statements, case study used, exceptional description e.g. The
cruise ships that take tourists to the Antarctic continent have
been known to run aground or hit rocks. In 2007 the M/S Explorer
capsized and leaked oil into the ocean. BACK TO QUESTIONS BACK TO
QUESTIONS ON TO NEXT SECTION ON TO NEXT SECTION Mark Scheme People
want to see wildlife(1) for example penguins(1) in their natural
habitat(1). Tourist want experience the remote wilderness(1)
extreme temperatures(1). Tourist like the cruise through the ice
flow(1). Mark Scheme People want to see wildlife(1) for example
penguins(1) in their natural habitat(1). Tourist want experience
the remote wilderness(1) extreme temperatures(1). Tourist like the
cruise through the ice flow(1).
Slide 64
Slide 65
Key terms Case Study: Amazonat, Sustainable Tourism
Slide 66
Stewardship Conservation Ecotourism The personal responsibility
for looking after things. The careful and planned use of resources
in order to manage and maintain the natural environment for future
generations Environmentally friendly tourism
Slide 67
Where? Located in the Amazon Rainforest outside of Manaus in
north western Brazil. Amazonat is located near to the Amazon River
Where? Located in the Amazon Rainforest outside of Manaus in north
western Brazil. Amazonat is located near to the Amazon River What?
Provides eco-tourist with experience and education of the
rainforest Amazonat lodges specially built in Holland. Use fallen
rainforest timber and are constructed in natural clearings Lodges
have ecoline lights, hot water system heated by solar panels
Non-organic waste is disposed at landfills in Manaus. Waste water
is pumped into Orchid Lake a man made lake All guides are locals
and provide local knowledge about the rainforest What? Provides
eco-tourist with experience and education of the rainforest
Amazonat lodges specially built in Holland. Use fallen rainforest
timber and are constructed in natural clearings Lodges have ecoline
lights, hot water system heated by solar panels Non-organic waste
is disposed at landfills in Manaus. Waste water is pumped into
Orchid Lake a man made lake All guides are locals and provide local
knowledge about the rainforest VIDEO
Slide 68
(click on the pictures to link to a resource)
Slide 69
EXAM TECHNIQUE TIPS THE SUCCESS CHECKLIST POSITIVE ATTITUDE
DETERMINATION RESILIENCE PREPARATION LUCK EXAM TECHNIQUE TIPS THE
SUCCESS CHECKLIST POSITIVE ATTITUDE DETERMINATION RESILIENCE
PREPARATION LUCK (What Could They Ask You? Click the red dots for a
mark scheme/answers) What is stewardship? (2) Using an example you
have studied explain how tourism can be sustainable? (6)
Slide 70
Answers What is stewardship (2) Using an example you have
studied explain how tourism can be sustainable (6) Mark Scheme
Answers will focus on Amazonat in Brazil. Amazonat is built in
natural clearings so no forest is being cut down to locate the
lodges. The lodges are constructed using fallen wood so the lodges
blend into the natural environment. Facilities in the lodges are
also enviro-friendly. Local guides are employed to educate people
on the rainforest. This means people are more aware of the
rainforest and the aim being they are more aware in their everyday
lives. Level 1: Basic (1-4) Simple statements, no case study e.g.
lodges blend into rainforest Level 2: Clear (5-6) Developed
statements, case study used e.g. Amazonat lodges are built so they
blend into the environment and dont detract from the natural
environment Mark Scheme Answers will focus on Amazonat in Brazil.
Amazonat is built in natural clearings so no forest is being cut
down to locate the lodges. The lodges are constructed using fallen
wood so the lodges blend into the natural environment. Facilities
in the lodges are also enviro-friendly. Local guides are employed
to educate people on the rainforest. This means people are more
aware of the rainforest and the aim being they are more aware in
their everyday lives. Level 1: Basic (1-4) Simple statements, no
case study e.g. lodges blend into rainforest Level 2: Clear (5-6)
Developed statements, case study used e.g. Amazonat lodges are
built so they blend into the environment and dont detract from the
natural environment BACK TO QUESTIONS BACK TO QUESTIONS ON TO NEXT
SECTION ON TO NEXT SECTION Mark Scheme The personal responsibility
(1) for looking the environment (1) looking after things (1) Mark
Scheme The personal responsibility (1) for looking the environment
(1) looking after things (1)
Slide 71
Nothing in life is easy. Nothing is handed to you on a plate.
The people who go out and getare the people who move forward and
achieve. If you wait for opportunityyou wait foreverif you make
opportunities, success starts now. Choices in your life will
dictate the journey you take. Never look back on your journey and
wish you had taken another pathlook forward at your journey and
take the path you wish. Now is the time to relentlessly pursue
everything you have ever wanted. To follow with unflinching focus
the dreams that you have dreamt for years. Most people are good,
some people are great, only one can be the greatest BE THE
ONE!