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1 | nghJj;jkpo; - Vohk; tFg;G 30.06.2019

nghJj;jkpo; - Vohk; tFg;G (Gjpa ghlj;jpl;lk;)

1. jkpowpQH> ftpQH> tpLjiyg; Nghuhl;l tPuH vdg; gd;Kfj; jd;ik nfhz;ltH

nt.,uhkypq;fdhH.

2. fhe;jpaf;ftpQH vd;W miof;fg;gLgtH nt.,uhkypq;fdhH

3. jkpofj;jpy; Kjy; muritf; ftpQH nt.,uhkypq;fdhH

4. kiyf;fs;sd;> ehkf;fy; ftpQH> ghly;fs;> vd; fij> rq;nfhyp Mfpa E}y;fis

vOjpatH nt.,uhkypq;fdhH.

5. ‘fj;jpapd;wp uj;jkpd;wp Aj;jnkhd;W tUFJ” - ,g;ghliy ghbatH nt.,uhkypq;fdhH

6. ‘mUs;newp mwpitj; juyhFk;” -,t;tbapy; newp vd;Dk; nrhy;ypd; nghUs; top

7. ‘kuG epiy jphpapd; gpwpJ gpwpjhFk;” - ,t;tb ,lk;ngWk; E}y; njhy;fhg;gpaH

8. nrhy;Yk; nghUSk;

tpRk;G - thdk;> kaf;fk; - fyit> kuG - tof;fk;> tohmik - jtwhik>

johmy;-jOTjy;

9. ,sikg; ngaHfs; xyp kuG

Gyp - gwo; Gyp - cWKk;

rpq;fk; - FUis rpq;fk; - Koq;Fk;

ahid - fd;W ahid - gpspWk;

khL - fd;W khL - fjWk;

fub - Fl;b fub - fj;Jk;

10. jkpopy; ekf;F fpilj;Js;s kpfg;goikahd ,yf;fz E}y; njhy;fhg;gpak;

11. njhy;fhg;gpak; 3 mjpfhuq;fSk;> xt;nthU mjpfhuKk; 9 ,ay;fisf; nfhz;lJ.

12. vz;zg;gLtJ> epidf;fg;gLtJ> fdT fhzg;gLtJ MfpaitAk; nkhopNa MFk; -

vd;wtH K.tujuhrdhH

13. nkhopapy; capHehbahf tpsq;FtJ Ngr;Rnkhop

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14. nrhy;iy xypg;gjpy; Vw;gLk; Vw;w ,wf;fj;jhy;> nghUs; NtWgLk; vd;gij>

‘vLj;jy; gLj;jy; eypjy; cog;gpy;

jphpGk; jj;jkpy; rpwpJ csthFk;” vd;W Fwpg;gpLtJ ed;D}y;

15. Ngr;R nkhopia cyf tof;F vd;Wk;> vOj;J nkhopia ,yf;fpa tof;F vd;Wk;

$WtH

16. khWgLk; xNu nkhopapd; ntt;NtW tbtq;fis tl;lhu nkhop vd;gH.

17. Ngr;R nkhopf;Fk; vOj;J nkhopf;Fk; ,ilNa nghpa mstpy; NtWghL ,Ue;jhy;

m/J ,ul;il tof;F nkhop vdg;gLk;.

18. Ngr;R nkhopf;Fk;> vOj;J nkhopf;Fk; cs;s NtWghl;il njhy;fhg;gpaH cyf tof;F>

nra;As; tof;F vd;W $wpAs;shH.

19. xypapd; thptbtk; vOj;J MFk;.

20. nkhopapd; Kjy; epiy NgRjy;> Nfl;ly; ,uz;lhk; epiy gbj;jy;> vOJjy;

21. jkpopypUe;J gphpe;J nrd;w fpisnkhopfs; fd;dlk;;> njYq;F> kiyahsk;

22. $w;W : jkpio ,ul;il tof;F nkhop vd;gH

fhuzk; : jkpopy; Ngr;R nkhopf;Fk; vOj;J nkhopf;Fk; ,ilNa NtWghL cz;L.

23. nrhytilfs; vd;git rpWrpW njhlHfshf tl;lhug; Ngr;R tof;fpy; toq;fp

tUgit.

24. jkpopy; vOj;Jf;fisf; Fwpg;gpLtjw;F gad;gLj;jg;gLk; mirr; nrhw;fs;

Fwpy; vOj;Jf;fisf; Fwpf;f ‘fuk;”

Neby; vOj;Jf;fisf; Fwpf;f ‘fhd;”

Fwpy;> neby; vOj;Jf;fisf; Fwpf;f ‘fhuk;”

Ma;j vOj;ijf; Fwpf;f ‘Nfdk;”

25. neby;njhlH Fw;wpaYfuk; - ghF> khR> ghL> fhJ> MW

capH njhlH Fw;wpaYfuk; - muR> fapW> xd;gJ> tuyhW

Ma;jj;njhlH Fw;wpaYfuk; - m/J> v/F

td;njhlH Fw;wpaYfuk; - ghf;F> Ngr;R> ghl;L> gj;J> cg;G> gw;W

nkd;njhlH Fw;wpaYfuk; - gq;F> kQ;R> gz;G> ge;J> mk;G> fd;W

,ilj;njhlH Fw;wpaYfuk; - va;J> khHG> rhy;G> %o;F

26. ‘t;” vd;Dk; vOj;ijj; njhlHe;J tUk; Fw;wpaYfur; nrhw;fs; ,y;iy.

27. R> L> W Mfpait ,Wjpahf mikAk; ,ilj;njhlH Fw;wpaYfur; nrhw;fSk; ,y;iy.




28. Fw;wpaYfuk; ,uz;L ,lq;fspy; kl;Lk; tUk;.

1. afuj;ij Kjy; vOj;jhff; nfhz;l nrhw;fs; tUk;NghJ

( ehL + ahJ = ehbahJ)

2. kpah vd;w mirr;nrhy; tUk;NghJ

( Nfs; + kpah = Nfz;kpah)

29. Fw;wpa Yfuk; = FWik + ,ay; + cfuk;

Fw;wpa ypfuk; = FWik + ,ay; + ,fuk;

30. Fw;wpaypfuk; jw;NghJ ciueil tof;fpy; ,y;iy. ,yf;fpaq;fspy; kl;Lk; cs;sJ.

31. nrhy;Yk; nghUSk;

1. KoT - ,irf;fUtp

2. nrQ;nrhy; - jpUe;jpa nrhy;

3. ts;isg;ghl;L - ney;Fj;Jk;NghJ ngz;fshy; ghlg;gLk; ghly;

4. ed;nra; - epiwe;j ePHtsj;NjhL gapHfs; tpisAk; epyk;

5. Gd;nra; - Fiwe;j ePuhy; gapHfs; tpisAk; epyk;

32. jkpofj;jpd; NtHl;];nthHj; vd;W Gfog;gLgtH ftpQH thzpjhrd;

33. thzpjhrdpd; ,aw;ngaH muq;frhkp vd;w vj;jpuhrY

34. thzpjhrd; ghujpjhrdpd; khztH

35. ftpQNuW> ghtyHkzp Nghd;w rpwg;Gg;ngaHfs; ngw;wtH thzpjhrd;.

36. jkpo;> njYq;F> Mq;fpyk;> gpnuQ;R Mfpa nkhopfspy; ty;ytH thzpjhrd;

37. gpnuQ;R murpd; nrthypaH tpUJ ngw;wtH thzpjhrd;

38. jkpor;rp> njhLthdk;> nfhbKy;iy> vopNyhtpak;> Foe;ij ,yf;fpak; - Kjypad

thzpjhrdpd; E}y;fs;

39. mjpkJuk; - kpFe;jRit er;rutk; - tplKs;s ghk;G

40. fhgilf; Fwpf;Fk; NtW ngaHfs;

fh> fhy;> fhd;> fhdfk;> mltp> muz;> Muzp

GuT> nghw;iw> nghopy;> jpy;yk;> motk;> ,aT> gotk;

Kshp> ty;iy> tplH> tpay;> tdk;> Kij> kpis

,Wk;G> Ruk;> nghr;ir> nghjp> Ksp> mhpy;> mwy;>

gJf;if> fizak;




41. Rujh

1. Rujhtpd; ,aw;ngaH ,uhrNfhghyd;

2. ghujpjhrd; kPJ kpFe;j gw;Wf;nfhz;ltH

3. ctikfis gad;gLj;jp ftpijfs; vOJtjpy; ty;ytH

4. ctikf; ftpQH vd miof;fg;gLgtH

5. Njd;kio> JiwKfk;> mKJk; NjDk; Nghd;w E}y;fis vOjpAs;shH.

42. jkpo;ehl;bd; ,uz;lhtJ kpfg;nghpa tdtpyq;F fhg;gfk; Kz;le;Jiw Gypfs;

fhg;gfk;. ,J 895 rJu fp.kP gug;gsT nfhz;lJ.

43. cyfpy; ,uz;L tifahd ahidfs; cs;sd.

1. Mrpa ahid 2. Mg;gphpf;f ahid

44. Mrpa ahidfspy; Mz; ahidf;Fj; je;jk; cz;L.

ngz; ahidf;Fj; je;jk; ,y;iy

Mg;gphpf;f ahidfspy; ,uz;Lf;FNk je;jk; cz;L.

45. i) ahidfs; vg;nghOJk; $l;lkhfj;jhd; thOk;

ii) ,e;j $l;lj;jpw;F xU ngz; ahidjhd; jiyik jhq;Fk;.

iii) xU ahid ehs; xd;Wf;F 250 fpNyh Gy;> ,iy jiofs; cl;nfhs;Sk;. 65 ypl;lH

jz;zPH mUe;Jk;.

iv) epidthw;wy; kpFe;j tpyq;F ahid

46. i) Gyp jdpj;J thOk; ,ay;GilaJ

ii) ,utpy; kl;LNk Ntl;ilahLk; jd;ik nfhz;lJ.

iii) xU Fwpg;gpl;l vy;iyf;Fs; xU Gyp kl;LNk thOk;.

iv) fUTw;w GypahdJ 90 ehl;fspy; Fl;bfs; <Dk;.

v) Gyp jdf;fhd czit Ntl;ilahba gpd;G NtW ve;j tpyq;ifAk;

Ntl;ilahLtjpy;iy.

47. Gypjhd; xU fhl;bd; tsj;ijf; Fwpf;Fk; FwpaPL.

48. ed;F tsHe;j fubapd; vil 160 fpNyh. fub ‘midj;Jz;zp” vd

miof;fg;gLfpwJ. fiuahd; kpfTk; gpbj;j czT.

49. ,e;jpahtpy; F[uhj; khepyj;jpy; ‘fpH” ruzhyaj;jpy; kl;LNk Mrpar; rpq;fq;fs;

cs;sd.


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50. $w;W : ,aw;if tpQ;Qhdpfs; GypiaNa fhl;Lf;F murd; vd;fpwhHfs;.

fhuzk; : ePsk;> cauk;> gUkd;> vil> gyk;> Ntl;ilj;jpwd; Mfpa midj;jpYk;

rpq;fj;ij tpl GypNa caHe;jJ.

51. ,e;jpahtpy; rUFkhd;> kpshkhd;> ntspkhd; vdg; gy tifahd khd;fs; cs;sd.

Gs;spkhd;fs; mofpy; rpwe;jit.

52. jkpo;ehl;by; tdf;fy;Y}hp mike;Js;s ,lk; Nkl;Lg;ghisak;

53. tdtpay; - gl;lgbg;Gfs; cs;s gy;fiyf;fofk;

Nfhit - jkpo;ehL Ntshz;ik gy;fiyf;fofk;

54. ‘,e;jpahtpd; tdkfd;” vd;W miof;fg;gLgtH m];]hk; khepyj;jpd; N[hHtpuhl;

khtl;lj;ijr; NrHe;j [hjt;gNaq;

55. ‘fhl;bd; tsk;” vd;W Fwpf;fg;gLtJ Gypfs;

56. 2012 Mk; Mz;L [t`Hyhy; NeU gy;fiyf;fofk; [hj\f;F ‘,e;jpa tdkfd;”

(Forest Man of India) vd;Dk; gl;lj;ij toq;fpAs;sJ.

57. [hj\f;F 2015k; Mz;L ,e;jpa muR gj;k= tpUij toq;fpAs;sJ.

58. nfsfhj;jp gy;fiyf;fofk; ‘kjpg;GW KidtH” gl;lk; [hj\f;F toq;fpAs;sJ.

59. nrhw;fspy; Kjy;> ,il> ,Wjp Mfpa ,lq;fspy; tUk;NghJ Ifhu vOj;J jdf;Fhpa

,uz;L khj;jpiu mstpypUe;J Fiwe;J xypf;Fk;.

Kjypy; tUk;NghJ 1 ½ khj;jpiu mstpYk;

,il> ,Wjpapy; tUk;NghJ 1 khj;jpiu mstpYk; xypf;Fk;.

60. xsfhuk; nrhy;ypd; Kjypy; kl;Lk; tUk;. ,ilapYk;> ,WjpapYk; tuhJ.

61. ‘mZitj; Jisj;J Vo;fliyg; Gfl;bf; FWfj; jhpj;j Fws;” - vd;W ngUikia

Nghw;wpatH xsitahH.

62. flw;gazk; nrd;W fiu jpUk;gj; jkpoH fz;l njhopy; El;gNk fyq;fiu tpsf;fk;

63. kjiy - J}z; nefpop - jPr;RlH mOtk; - fly;

nrd;dp - cr;rp cuTePH - ngUePHg;gug;G fiuAk; - miof;Fk;

64. Ntahkhlk; - itf;Nfhs; Nghd;wtw;why; Ntag;glhJ> jpz;ikahfr; rhe;J G+rg;gl;l

khlk;

65. cs;sy; xUthplk; ghpR ngw;Wj; jpUk;Gk; GytH> ghzH Nghd;NwhH me;j ts;syplk;

nrd;W ghpRngw> gpwUf;F topfhl;Ltjhfg; ghlg;gLtJ Mw;Wg;gil ,yf;fpak; MFk;.

66. ngUk;ghzhw;Wg;gilapd; ghl;Lilj; jiytd; njhz;ilkhd; ,se;jpiuad;.


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67. gj;Jg;ghl;by; cs;s ngUk;ghzhw;Wg;gil> gl;bdg;ghiy Mfpa E}y;fis ,aw;wpatH

fbaY}H cUj;jpuq;fz;zdhH.

68. cU - moF tq;fk; - fg;gy; vy; - gfy;

tq;$o; - fhw;W Ngho - gpsf;f NfhLcaH - fiu caHe;j

69. ePfhd; - ehtha; Xl;;Lgtd;

khlxs;nshp - fyq;fiu tpsf;fk;

70. Gyhy; ehw;wk; cilajhf mfehD}W $WtJ fly;

71. kUjj;jpiz ghLtjpy; ty;ytH kUjd; ,sehfdhH

72. neLe;njhif vd miof;fg;gLtJ mfehD}W.

73. ‘Ke;ePH tof;fk;” vdf; flw;gazj;ij Fwpg;gpLk; E}y; njhy;fhg;gpak;

74. jpUts;StH fhyj;jpNyNa nghpa fg;gy;fs; ,Ue;jd vd;gjw;F rhd;whf

tpsq;Fk; Fws;

‘flNyhlh fhy;ty; neLe;NjH flNyhLk;

ehthAk; Xlh epyj;J”

75. G+k;GfhH JiwKfj;jpypUe;J fg;gy;fs; %yk; nghUs;fs; Vw;WkjpAk; ,wf;FkjpAk;

nra;ag;gl;ld vd;gij tpsf;Fk; E}y; gl;bdg;ghiy

76. gytifahd fg;gy;fspd; ngaHfs; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s epfz;L E}y; Nre;jd; jpthfuk;

77. ‘cyF fpsHe;jd;d cUnfO tq;fk;” vd;W nghpa fg;giy mfehD}W Fwpg;gpLfpwJ.

78. ‘mUq;fyk; jhP,aH ePHkpir eptf;Fk;

ngUq; fyp tq;fk;” - vd;fpwJ gjpw;Wg;gj;J

79. rpwpa ePHepiyfisf; flf;f gad;gLj;jg;gl;lit Njhzp> glF> Xlk;> Gid> kpjit>

njg;gk;

80. nghpa ePHepiyfisf; flf;f fyk;> tq;fk;> ehtha; Kjypait gad;gLj;jg;gl;ld.

81. epA+rpyhe;J ehl;L ntypq;ld; mUq;fhl;rpafj;jpy; goq;fhyj; jkpo;ehl;Lf; fg;gy;fspy;

gad;gLj;jg;gl kzp xd;W ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ.

82. fg;gy; fl;Lk; fiyQHfs; fk;kpaH vd;W miof;fg;gl;ldH.

83. ‘fyQ;nra; fk;kpaH tUnfdf; $,a;” vd;fpwJ kzpNkfiy.

84. ‘fz;zil” vd;gJ ,ioj;j kuj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; cUtq;fs; MFk;.

85. ‘jr;RKok;” vd;gJ ePl;lysit.

86. kuj;jpdhyhd Mzpfisj; ‘njhFjp” vd;gH.


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87. fhw;wpd; cjtpahy; nrYj;jg;gLk; fg;gy;fs; gha;kuf; fg;gy;fs; vdg;gl;ld.

88. gha;kuf; fg;gypd; gha;> fapW Mfpatw;wpy; gOJ Vw;gLk;nghOJ mtw;iw kug;gprpd;

nfhz;L ,izj;jdH vd $WfpwJ ghpghly;.

89. fg;gypd; cWg;Gf;fs;

vuh> gUky;> tq;F> $k;G> gha;kuk;> Rf;fhd;> eq;$uk;

90. fg;gypd; Kjd;ik cWg;ghfpa mbkuk; ‘vuh” vdg;gLk;.

91. FWf;F kuk; gUky;

92. fg;giyr; nrYj;Jtjw;Fk; chpa jpirapy; jpUg;Gtjw;Fk; gad;gLk; Kjd;ikahd

fUtp Rf;fhd;.

93. fg;giy epiyahf Xhplj;jpy; epWj;jp itf;f cjTk; cWg;G eq;$uk;.

94. fg;gy; nrYj;Jgtiu khYkp> kPfhkd;> ePfhd;> fg;gNyhl;b Kjypa ngaHfshy;

miog;gH.

95. rKf;F vd;Dk; xU fUtpiaAk; fg;gypy; gad;gLj;jpdH vd;W fg;gy; rhj;jpuk; vd;Dk;

E}y; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ.

96. ‘espapU Ke;ePH ehtha; Xl;b

tsp njhopy; Mz;l cuNthd; kUf” vd jkpoHfs; fg;gy; nrYj;Jk; Kiwia

Gwg;ghly; top Fwpg;gpl;Ls;stH ntz;zpf;Faj;jpahH.

97. fyk; vd;why; fg;gy;> fiujy; vd;why; mioj;jy;. fg;giy miof;Fk; tpsf;F fyq;fiu

tpsf;fk; vdg;gl;lJ.

98. ‘fyk; je;j nghw;ghprk;

fopj;Njhzpahy; fiu NrHf;Fe;J” vd;fpwJ GwehD}W.

99. ‘Mq;fpNyaH fl;ba fg;gy;fisg; gd;dpuz;L Mz;LfSf;F xUKiw gOJghHf;f

Ntz;Lk;. Mdhy; jkpoH fl;ba fg;gy;fis Ik;gJ Mz;Lfs; MdhYk; gOJghHf;f

Ntz;ba mtrpakpy;iy” vd;W $wpa Mq;fpNyaH thf;fH.

100. mwptpay; Gidfijfspd; jiykfd; vd;W Gfog;gLgtH [{y;]; ntHd;

101. vz;gJ ehspy; cyfj;ijr; Rw;wp> G+kpapd; ikaj;ij Nehf;fpa xU gazk; cs;spl;l gy

Gjpdq;fisg; gilj;Js;stH [{y;];ntHd;

102. ‘Mo;flypd; mbapy;” vd;w Gjpdj;jpd; MrphpaH ‘[{y;]; ntHd;”

103. ,yf;fz tifr;nrhw;fs; :

ngaHr;nrhy;> tpidr;nrhy;> ,ilr;nrhy;> chpr;nrhy;> ,yf;fpa tif nrhw;fs;


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,yf;fpa tifr; nrhw;fs;

,aw;nrhy;> jphpnrhy;> jpirr;nrhy;> tlnrhy;

104. tl nrhw;fisj; jw;rkk;> jw;gtk; vd ,Utifahfg; gphpg;gH.

105. ghujpjhrd;

i) ftpQH> ,johsH> jkpohrphpaH vdg; gd;Kf Mw;wy; nfhz;ltH

ii) ,tH ftpij> fij> fl;Liu> ehlfk; Mfpatw;iwg; gilg;gjpy; ty;ytH.

iii) ghz;bad; ghpR> mofpd; rphpg;G> ,Uz;l tPL> ,iraKJ> FLk;g tpsf;F> fz;zfp

Gul;rpfhg;gpak; Nghd;w E}y;fis vOjpAs;shH.

iv) ,tH vOjpa gprpuhe;ijahH vd;Dk; ehlf E}Yf;F rhfpj;jpa mfhlkp tpUJ

mspf;fg;gl;lJ.

106. fodp - tay; epfH - rkk;

ghpjp - fjputd; Kfpy; - Nkfk;

ntw;G - kiy vj;jzpf;Fk; - KaYk;

107. fw;wtHf;F moF fy;tpNa

‘fw;NwhHf;Ff; fy;tp eyNd fydy;yhy;

kw;NwhH mzpfyk; Ntz;lhthk;” - vd;wtH - FkuFUguH

108. ePjpnewp tpsf;fk; - MrphpaH - FkuFUguH. ,e;E}ypy; 102 ghly;fs; cs;sd.

109. FkuFUguH 17k; E}w;whz;ilr; rhHe;jtH. ,tH jkpOf;F ngUik NrHf;Fk; gy

rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fis gilj;Js;shH.

110. fe;jHfypntz;gh> fapiyf;fyk;gfk;> rfyfyhty;yp khiy> kPdhl;rpak;ik

gps;isj;jkpo;> Kj;Jf;FkhuRthkp gps;isj;jkpo; Mfpad gilj;jtH FkuFUguH.

111. gs;spj;jy kidj;Jk; Nfhapy; nra;FNthk;;;

vq;fs; ghuj Njrnkd;W Njhs;nfhl;LNthk;” vd;wtH - ghujpahH.

112. jpUf;Fws; tFg;Gfs; elj;jpAk;> njhlH nrhw;nghopTfs; epfo;j;jpAk; jpUf;Fwisg;

gug;Gk; gzp nra;jtH jpUf;FwshH tP.Kdprhkp

113. eifr;Rit jJk;Gk; Ngr;rhy; kf;fisf; ftHe;jtH. ts;StH fhl;ba tpjp>

jpUf;Fwspy; eifr;Rit Mfpa E}y;fs; vOjpatH tP.Kdprhkp.

114. cyfg; nghJkiw jpUf;Fws; ciutpsf;fk;> rpe;jidf; fsQ;rpak; - vOjpatH

tP.Kdprhkp.




115. Foe;ijj; njhopyhsH Kiw xopg;G Kiw> ,aw;if tsq;fisg; ghJfhj;jy; Nghd;w

fUj;Jf;fis typAWj;jpr; rpWfij> Gjpdk;> fl;Liu Kjypatw;iw vOjpatH

Rg;ughujpkzpad;.

116. fdT vDk; ,yf;fpa ,jio elj;jp tUgtH Rg;ughujpkzpad;.

117. gpd;dy;> Ntl;il> jz;zPHAj;jk;> Gj;Jkz;> fij nrhy;Yk; fiy Mfpa E}y;fis

vOjpatH Rg;ughujpkzpad;.

118. ed;D}y; vd;Dk; ,yf;fz E}iy vOjpa gtze;jpKdptH jkpopy; 42 XnuOj;J xU

nkhopfs; cs;sd vdf; Fwpg;gpLfpwhH.

119. gFgj cWg;Gf;fs; MW tifg;gLk;.

1. gFgjj;jpd; Kjypy; mike;J Kjd;ikahd nghUisj; jUtJ gFjp MFk;. ,J

fl;lisahfNt mikak;.

2. gFgjj;jpd; ,Wjpapy; mike;J jpiz> ghy; Mfpatw;iwNah Kw;W> vr;rk;

Mfpatw;iwNah fhl;LtJ tpFjp MFk;.

3. gFgjj;jpd; ,ilapy; mike;J fhyk; my;yJ vjpHkiwiaf; fhl;LtJ

,ilepiy MFk;.

4. ngUk;ghYk; gFjpf;Fk; ,ilepiyf;Fk; ,ilNa ,lk;ngWk; nka;naOj;J

re;jp vdg;gLk;.

5. ngUk;ghYk; ,ilepiyf;Fk;> gFjpf;Fk; ,ilNa ,lk;ngWk; mirr;nrhy;

rhhpia vdg;gLk;.

6. gFjp> tpFjp re;jp> ,ilepiy Kjypatw;wpy; Vw;gLk; khw;wk; tpfhuk; vdg;gLk;.

120. ngaHg; gfhg;gjk; - epyk;> ePH> fhw;W> neUg;G

tpidg; gfhg;gjk; - el> th> gb> thop

,ilg; gfhg;gjk; - kd;> nfhy;> jpy;> Nghy;

chpg;gfhg;gjk; - cW> jt> edp> eop

121. gFgjkhf mikAk; ngaHr;nrhy; ngaHg;gFgjk; MFk;. ,jid nghUs;> ,lk;> fhyk;>

rpid> gz;G> njhopy; vd MW tifg;gLj;JtH.

122. Njdurd;

i) thdk;ghb> Fapy;> njd;wy; Nghd;w ,jo;fspy; ftpijfs; vOjpatH.

ii) ,tuJ ftpijfspy; rKjhar; rpf;fy;fs; vs;sy; RitNahL ntspg;gLk;.

iii) kz;thry;> nts;is Nuh[h> nga;J gofpa Nkfk; Mfpa ftpij E}y;fis

vOjpatH.

iv) jkpohrphpauhfg; gzpahw;wpatH




123. neb - ehw;wk;; Nkdp - cly;; koiy - Foe;ij

124. tz;fPiu - tskhd fPiu ghp - Fjpiu

Kl;lg;Ngha; - KOjhfr;nrd;W fhy; - tha;f;fhy;> Fjpiuapd; fhy;

kwpj;jy; - jLj;jy; (kz;iz ntl;bj; jLj;Jg; ghj;jp fl;Ljy;)

125. ‘tz;fPiug; ghj;jpAld; Vwg; ghpahUNk” - fPiug;ghj;jpAk; Vwpg;gazk; nra;Ak;

FjpiuAk; xd;whFk; vd;wtH. fhsNkfg;GytH.

126. jQ;irg;nghpaNfhtpypy; cs;s Xtpaq;fs; ehad;khHfspy; xUtuhd Re;juhpd;

tho;f;if epfo;Tfshf tiuag;gl;Ls;sJ.

127. Xtpak; tiuag; gad;gLk; Jzpia vopdp> jpiur;rPiy> fpop> glhk; vd miog;gH.

128. Jzp Xtpaq;fs; - fyk;fhhp Xtpaq;fs; vd;Dk; ngahpy; jkpofj;jpYk; Me;jpuhtpYk;

XtpaHfs; tiue;J tUfpd;wdH.

129. Xiyr; RtbfspYs;s Xtpaq;fs; ngUk;ghYk; ,jpfhrk; kw;Wk; Guhzf;

fhl;rpfshfNt ,Ue;Js;sJ.

130. Xtpaq;fs; Fwpj;J mwpe;NjhH mwpahjtHfSf;F tpsf;fpf; $wpdH vd;w nra;jp

ghpghlypy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ.

‘,d;d gygy vOj;Jepiy kz;lgk;

Jd;DeH Rl;lTk; Rl;L mwpTWj;jTk;”

131. je;j Xtpaq;fs; mjpfkhf fhzg;gLk; khepyk; Nfush.

132. fz;zhb Xtpaq;fis cUthf;Fk; XtpaHfs; kpFjpahf cs;s ,lk; jQ;rhT+H.

133. jhs; Xtpaq;fs; fhpf;Nfhy;> ePH tz;zk;> vz;nza; tz;zk; Mfpatw;iw nfhz;L

tiufpd;wdH.

134. fUj;Jg;gl Xtpaq;fis Kjd;Kjypy; jkpopy; mwpKfg;gLj;jpatH -

ghujpahH (,e;jpah ,jopy;)

135. ehl;fhl;b Xtpak; tiuAk; Kiwapd; Kd;NdhbfSs; xUtuhff; fUjg;gLgtH

nfhz;ilauh[{

136. ehl;fhl;b Xtpaq;fis grhH ngapz;bq; vd;Wk; miog;gH.

137. NtWngaHfs;

Xtpak; - XT> Xtpak;> Xtk;> rpj;jpuk;> glk;> glhk;> tl;bifr; nra;jp.

Xtpak; tiugtH- fz;Zs; tpidQH> Xtpag;GytH> Xtkhf;fs;> fpstpty;Nyhd;>

rpj;jpuf;ftpQH> tpj;jfH

Xtpaf;$lk; - vOnjhopy; mk;gyk;> vOj;Jepiy kz;lgk;> rpj;jpu mk;gyk;>

rpj;jpuf;$lk;> rpj;jpukhlk;> rpj;jpu kz;lgk;> rpj;jpurig




138. jkpo;g;gy;fiyf;fofk; Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;l Mz;L - 1981 - jQ;ir

c.Nt.rh. E}yfk; njhlq;fg;gl;l Mz;L - 1942 - nrd;id

fPo;j;jpir E}yfk; njhlq;fg;gl;l Mz;L - 1869 - nrd;id

fd;dpkhuh E}yfk; njhlq;fg;gl;l Mz;L - 1896 - nrd;id

139. jpUts;StH rpiy jpwe;J itf;fg;gl;l Mz;L 2000. fd;dpahFkhp cyfj; jkpo;r;

rq;fk; jpwe;J itf;fg;gl;l Mz;L 2016 - kJiu.

140. c.Nt.rh. E}yfj;jpy; 2128 Xiyr;RtbfSk;> 2941 jkpo; E}y;fSk; cs;sd.

141. cyfj; jkpo; khehL kJiuapy; eilngw;w Mz;L 1981.

142. njhopw;ngaH vz;> ,lk;> fhyk;> ghy; Mfpatw;iwf; fhl;lhJ. glHf;if ,lj;jpy; kl;Lk;

tUk;.

143. jy;> my;> mk;> I> if> it> F> G> T> jp> rp> tp> ik Nghd;wit - njhopw;ngaH tpFjpfs;.

144. nghUj;Jjy;

1. fw;Fk; Kiw - gpioapy;yhky; fw;wy;

2. caph;f;Fk; fz;fs; - vz;Zk; vOj;Jk;

3. tpOr;nry;tk; - fy;tp

4. vz;zpj;Jzpf - nray;

5. futh fiue;Jz;Zk; - fhfk;

145. klkfs; - ,skfs;

Gfth - czthf

146. ‘xd;nwhU Kd;wpNyh ,y;” vd;gjd; nghUs; “xd;Wkpy;yhj tPL vJTkpy;iy”.

147. Kd;wpy; - tPl;bd; Kd; ,lk; (jpz;iz)

148. Fop - epy msitg; ngaH

rhz; - ePl;ly; msitg;ngaH

kzp - Kw;wpa ney;

rPiy - Glit

149. gy;NtW njhopy;fs; Fwpj;j ehl;Lg;Gwg; ghly;fis kiy mUtp vd;Dk; E}yhf

njhFj;jtH fp.th.n[fehjd;.

150. ‘tha;nkhop ,yf;fpak;” vdg;gLtJ ehl;Lg;Gwg;ghly;.

151. ghz;baHfspd; ,uz;lhtJ jiyefuk; jpUney;Ntyp.




152. ‘jpf;nfy;yhk;GfODk;” jpUney;Ntyp vd;W jpUQhdrk;ge;jUk;

‘jz;nghUSiug; Gdy; ehL” vd;W Nrf;fpohUk;

jpUney;Ntypapd; rpwg;igg; Nghw;wpAs;sdH.

153. ‘nghjpapyhapDk; ,ka khapDk;

gjpnaO mwpahg; goq;Fb” - vd;wtH ,sq;Nfhtbfs;

154. jphp$lkiy - Fw;whykiy

155. Kw;fhyj;jpy; jpUney;Ntypf;F NtZtdk; vd;Dk; ngaUk; ,Ue;Js;sJ.

- %q;fpy; fhL.

156. nghUj;Jf

1. ehw;W - eLjy;> gwpj;jy;

2. ePH - gha;r;Rjy;

3. ney; - ngWjy;

4. NghH - mbj;jy;

5. fis - gwpj;jy;

6. fjpH - mWj;jy;

157. ney;ypf;fha; cw;gj;jpapy; jkpofj;jpy; ney;iy khtl;lk; Kjyplk; tfpf;fpwJ.

158. fhtw;Giu vd;why; rpiwr;rhiy.

159. ,ul;il efuq;fs; vd miof;fg;gLk; efuq;fs; jpUney;Ntyp> ghisaq;Nfhl;il.

160. nfhw;ifapd; Kj;Jf;fis

1. ‘Kj;Jg;gL gug;gpw; nfhw;if Kd;Wiu” vd;fpwJ - ew;wpiz.

2. nfhw;ifapy; ngUe;Jiw Kj;J - mfehD}W

161. jz;nghUie ejp vd miof;fg;gl;lJ jhkpuguzp MW.

162. jpUney;Ntypr; rPikapy; gpwe;j rq;ffhyg; GytHfs; khNwhf;fj;J eg;griyahH>

ek;kho;thH> nghpaho;thH> FkuFUguH> jphp$luhrg;gf;ftpuhaH> ftpuhrg;gz;bjH

163. njd;dpe;jpahtpd; Mf;];NghHL vdg;gLtJ ghisaq;Nfhl;il.

164. tzpfk; eilngWk; gFjpiag; Ngl;il vd toq;Fjy; kuG.

165. jpUney;Ntypr; rPik vd;W Fwpg;gplg;gLtJ ,d;iwa jpUney;Ntyp kw;Wk; J}j;Jf;Fb

,ize;j gFjpahFk;.




166. fbj ,yf;fpaj;jpd; Kd;Ndhb> jkpopirf;fhtpaH> Fw;whyKdptH vd;nwy;yhk;

Gfog;gLgtH b.Nf.rpjk;guehjH(,urpfkzp).

167. jkJ tPl;by; tl;lj;njhl;b vd;Dk; ngahpy; ,yf;fpaf; $l;lq;fs; elj;jp te;jtH

b.Nf.rp.

168. xU ghlypy; ctikAk;> ctNkaKk; te;J ctk cUG ntspg;gilahf te;jhy; mJ

ctik mzp.

169. ctk cUGfs; : Nghy> Giua> md;d> ,d;d>

mw;W> ,w;W> khd> fLg;g>

xg;g> cwo Nghd;wit

170. ctik xU njhluhfTk;> ctNkak; xU njhluhfTk; te;J ctkcUG kiwe;J te;jhy;

mJ vLj;Jf;fhl;L ctik mzp.

171. cyfpy; ,y;yhj xd;iw ctikahff; $WtJ ,y;nghUs; ctikmzp

172. rpw;wpy; - rpWtPL

fy;mis - fw;Fif

ahz;L - vq;Nf

173. ‘<d;w tapNwh ,JNt

Njhd;Wtd; khNjh NghHf;fsj; jhNd” - vd;wtH

fhtw;ngz;L (GwehD}W)

174. fhtw;ngz;L rq;ffhyg; ngz;ghw;GytHfSs; xUtH.

175. rhyk; - ghrhq;F %Hr;ir - kaf;fk;

ryhk; - tzf;fk; gijj;J - eLq;fp

176. nrQ;rpiaj; jiyefuhff; nfhz;L xU FWepyg; gFjpia Mz;L te;jtH nrh&grpq;>

mtuJ kfd; Njrpq;Fuhrd;.

177. ahuhYk; mlf;f Kbahj Fjpiu-ePyNtzpia mlf;fpatd; Njrpq;Fuhrd;

178. ‘Kj;Juhkypq;fhpd; tPuk;kpf;f Ngr;R tpLjiyg;NghUf;F kpfTk; cjTk;” vd;W

ghuhl;bath fhkuhrH.

179. tl,e;jpahtpy; tha;g;G+l;Lr; rl;lj;jpd;gb Ngrj;jil tpjpf;fg;gl;l jiytH

ghyfq;fhjujpyfH njd;dhl;by; Ngr jiltpjpf;fg;gl;l jiytH Kj;Juhkypq;f NjtH.

180. jd; tho;ehspy; Ie;jpy; xU gq;fpidr; rpiwapy; fopj;j jpahfr; nrk;ky;

Kj;Juhkypq;fH.




181. Kj;Juhkypq;fhpd; rpwg;Gg; ngaHfs;

Njrpak; fhj;j nrk;ky;> Ntjhe;j gh];fH> gpuztNfrhp> rd;khHf;f rz;lkhUjk;>

,e;J Gj;jrka Nkik

182. njd;dhl;Lr; rpq;fk; - Kj;Juhkypq;fH

183. mtH Ngrj;njhlq;fpaJk; rpq;fj;jpd; Kof;fk; NghyNt ,Ue;jJ vd;W

Kj;Juhkypq;fiu ghuhl;bath mz;zh.

184. ‘Kj;Juhkypq;fhpd; Ngr;R cs;sj;jpy; ,Ue;J ntsptUfpwJ cjLfspypUe;J my;y”

vd;wtH ,uh[h[p.

185. Kj;Juhkypq;fH ‘Nejh[p” vd;w thu,jio elj;jpdhH.

186. Kj;Juhkypq;fH Kjd; Kjypy; ciuahw;wpa CH rhay;Fb.

187. rpjk;gudhhpd; gpurq;fj;ijAk;> ghujpahhpd; ghl;ilAk; Nfl;lhy; nrj;jgpzk;

capHngw;W vOk;. Gul;rp Xq;Fk;. mbikg;gl;l ehL Ie;Nj epkplq;fspy; tpLjiyngWk;”

vd;wtH - rpjk;gudhUf;F ,ul;il tho;ehs; rpiwj;jz;lid toq;fpa ePjpgjp -

gpd;N`

188. nrhy;ypd; nry;tH vdg; Nghw;wg;gLgtH ,uh.gp.NrJg;gps;is.

189. nra;ASf;Nf chpa vJif> Nkhid vd;gtw;iw ciueilf;Fs; nfhz;Lte;jtH

,uh.gp.NrJ

190. jkpopd;gk; ,e;jpa murpd; rhfpj;jpa mfhnjkp tpUJngw;w Kjy; E}y;.

191. Mw;wq;fiuapdpNy> flw;fiuapdpNy> jkpo;tpUe;J> jkpofk;- CUk; NgUk;>

Nkilg;Ngr;R cs;spl;l E}y;fis vOjpatH ,uh.gp.NrJ.

192. vOj;jpYk; Ngr;rpYk; nrhw;fisg; gad;gLj;Jk; Kiw tof;F.

193. tof;F ,Utif. 1. ,ay;G tof;F 2. jFjp tof;F

194. ,ay;G tof;F

1. ,yf;fzKilaJ 2. ,yf;fzNghyp 3. k&c

jFjp tof;F

1. ,lf;fulf;fy; 2. kq;fyk; 3. F*cf;Fwp

195. ,yf;fzKilaJ - epyk;> kuk;> thd;> vOJ

,yf;fzNghyp - GwefH> fhy;tha;> jir> filf;fz;

k&c - Nfhit> Fle;ij> ve;ij> NghJ> NrhzhL

,lf;fulf;fy; - fhy; fOtp te;jhd;

Foe;ij ntspNa Ngha;tpl;lJ

xd;Wf;Fg; Ngha; te;Njd;




kq;fyk; - Xiy - jpUKfk;

fWg;G ML - nts;shL

tpsf;if miz - tpsf;if Fspuit

RLfhL - ed;fhL

F*cf;Fwp - nghd;idg;gwp vdy;

Miliaf; fhiu vdy;

196. nrhy;ypd; KjypNyh> ,ilapNyh> ,WjpapNyh ,ay;ghf ,Uf;f Ntz;ba XH

vOj;jpw;Fg; gjpyhf NtW XH vOj;J ,lk;ngw;W mNj nghUs; jUtJ Nghyp.

197. Nghyp %d;W tifg;gLk; 1. Kjw;Nghyp 2. ,ilg;Nghyp 3. filg;Nghyp

198. Kjw;Nghyp

gry; - igry; kQ;R - ikQ;R> kay; - ikay;

,ilg;Nghyp

mkr;R - mikr;R ,yQ;rp - ,iyQ;rp muaH - miuaH

filg;Nghyp

mfk;-mfd; epyk; - epyd; Kfk; - Kfd; ge;jy; - ge;jH

199. Kw;Wg;Nghyp :- Ie;J - mQ;R

200. jfsp - mfy;tpsf;F

ehuzd; - jpUkhy;

,lHMop - Jd;gf;fly;

RlHMopahd; - xsptpLk; rf;fuj;ij cila jpUkhy;

201. ngha;ifaho;thH fhQ;rpGuj;jpw;F mUfpYs;s jpUnt/fh vd;Dk; Chpy; gpwe;jtH.

202. ehyhapuj; jpt;tpag; gpuge;jj;jpy; cs;s Kjy; jpUte;jhjp ghbatH ngha;ifaho;thH.

203. G+jj;jho;thH nrd;idia mLj;Js;s khky;yGuj;jpy; gpwe;jtH.

204. ehyhapuj; jpt;tpag; gpuge;jj;jpy; ,uz;lhk; jpUte;jhjp ghbatH G+jj;jho;thH

205. jpUkhiyg; Nghw;wpg; ghbatHfs; gd;dpU Mo;thHfs;. mtHfs; ghba ghly;fspd;

njhFg;G ehyhapuj; jpt;tpa gpuge;jk;. ,jidj; njhFj;jtH ehjKdp.

206. xU ghlypd; ,Wjp vOj;Njh> mirNah> nrhy;Nyh mLj;J tUk; ghlYf;F Kjyhf

miktij me;jhjp vd;gH.

207. Kidg;ghbahH jpUKidg;ghb vd;Dk; Ciur; NrHe;j rkzg;GytH. ,tuJ fhyk;

13Mk; E}w;whz;L.




208. Kidg;ghbahH ,aw;wpa mwnewpr;rhuk; 225 ghly;fisf; nfhz;lJ.

209. ‘nry;tj;Jg; gaNd <jy;”

“Ja;g;Nghk; vdpNd jg;Ge gyNt” - vd;fpwJ GwehD}W

210. cyfk; cz;z cz;> cLj;j cLg;gha; vd;wtH - ghujpjhrd;

211. n[d; vd;Dk; [g;ghdpa nkhopr;nrhy;Yf;F jpahdk;nra; vd;gJ nghUs;.

212. fz;zjhrdpd; ,aw;ngaH Kj;ijah. ,tH ftpauR vd miof;fg;gLfpwhH. jkpof

muritf; ftpQuhfTk; ,Ue;Js;shH.

213. ,NaR fhtpak; - gilj;jtH fz;zjhrd;.

214. $Lfl;lj; njhpahj gwit - Fapy;

215. Nr.gpUe;jh Gfo;ngw;w ngz;ftpQHfSs; xUtH. kiogw;wpa gfpHjy;fs;> tPL Kof;f

thdk;> kfSf;Fr; nrhd;d fij Mfpa ftpij E}y;fis vOjpAs;shH.

216. fhapNj kpy;yj; - mtuJ ,aw;ngaH Kfk;kJ ,Rkhapy;

217. fhapNj kpy;yj; vDk; muGr; nrhy;Yf;F rKjha topfhl;b vd;W nghUs;

218. jkpof murpay; thdpy; ft;tpapUe;j fhhpUis mfw;w te;j xspf;fjpuhff; fhapNj

kpy;yj; jpfo;fpwhH vd;wtH - mwpQH mz;zh.

219. ,g;gbg;gl;l jiytH fpilg;gJ mhpJ> mtH ey;y cj;jkkhd kdpjH - vd;wtH

je;ij nghpahH.

220. NtHfs;> njhiytpy; ,Uf;fpd;wd> New;W tho;e;jtHfs; flNyhu tPL> gha;kuf; fg;gy;>

kPirf;fhug;G+id> gpuahzk; Mfpa E}y;fis vOjpatH - ghtz;zd;


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