“ The jigsaw effect….” Introducing a way forward in visual analysis. Dr Jens J. Hansen & Anna Jo Perry

“The jigsaw effect….”Introducing a way forward in

visual analysis.

Dr Jens J. Hansen & Anna Jo Perry

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What are photographs?

What do we use photographs for?

Images of something; something that is or something that happened?

Reality? “A simple truth revealing mechanism…” (Edwards, 1992) Something that is created by the photographer.

“all images, despite their relationship to the world are socially and technically constructed “ (Becker, 1986).

How we see things can be variously interpreted (John Berger, Ways of Seeing, 1975).

Remembering Telling stories Thinking about events.



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Whatever the image and what ever the purpose for the image, in QL it is an information source that can be converted into data.

How we do that, validly and reliably, is the research challenge.

Spend a moment telling us about this next picture…..



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Is this the same ? If it is, why is it the same? If it isn’t, why is it

different? Does it matter? Why or

why not?



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The project:

Detailing a teacher’s journey for 26 days

Looking at the effects of a reflective journal on understanding events during the 26 days

Looking at how photographs might fit into this and the logistics of dealing with them.



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Questions that arose: How do you look at a series of photographs in a

consistent fashion? How might you use them for research? What are the logistical challenges? How do you

incorporate them into a coding system? How do you code them in detail and with finesse? How do you retrieve what you’ve coded in order to code

again?

And later…. Should you undertake inter-observer checks? Why?



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The grid:

The effects of using a grid

25 smaller pictures…greater specificity of information

Clearer view of segments.



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Beginning the translation… Creating a ‘translation’ of the visual

Using the grid heightens awareness of :

Spaces Groupings Levels Body language Relationships, etc.

Coding: thematic, interpretive – enables visual discourse and social analysis

The blend of both allows us to interpret what’s going on in a manner consistent with QL research.



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Challenges of using software:

Familiarity is a key factor Issues of photographs and storage Creating the grid and external units for analysis

– i.e. superimposing a framework Data bites and links … this enables coding Photographs remain external to NVIVO 2 , but

internal with NVIVO 7. With NVIVO 8 the capacity to analyse film will become a feature.



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Stage 2: Inter-observer reliability

Should we include others in order to check the ‘grunt’ of our interpretation. Why?

There are problems in calibrating reliability reliably – just how useful is it to calculate this – with whom, when and why?

After all, it’s the points of difference that matter, isn’t it?

Not everyone sees the same…an example…



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Although each little picture can tell its own story…..

They do make sense together; they comprise a gestalt.

But we also need to interpret the big picture in order to better understand and appreciate the parts.



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Benefits: Time saving? Debatable – the jury remains in

deliberation Enhanced analysis ... 25 little photographs and

one biggee… Perspective enhancement…not everyone sees

the same Enriched critical self-reflection … when the

stories of the actors within the pictures don’t match what you think you saw, you literally become jolted into confronting your own perceptions against their reported realities. That’s powerful critical reflection!



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Conclusions: This approach, amongst other things, also

offers additional lenses for critical self-reflection It facilitates a more detailed QL analyses for all

stakeholders

The subjects The teachers The researchers

It appears to offer a ‘novel’ way of approaching visual analyses via computers.

Watch this space…

Documents

“ The jigsaw effect….” Introducing a way forward in visual analysis. Dr Jens J. Hansen & Anna Jo Perry