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5
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0
25
50
75
100
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
20.6%76 kL
GDP1973 2013
1973 2013
1.32012 2013
0.9%
1973 2013
1.82012 2013
3.7%
1973 2013
2.92012 2013
+1.9%
1973 2013
2.02012 2013
3.0%
1973 2013
0.82012 2013
+0.1%2005
2015 2013
EDMC
5,030 kl13%
6
60
70
80
90
100
110
0 5 10 15 20
1970 19901990 20102012 2030
7
2014
3 7 9 12 15 15 15 16 18
26
4343 47
5349 49
44 42 43
3429
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
2,000
(300 2,000
11
11 1999
2003 4 2010 4
11
2010 42006 4
34 34 35
50
7074
85 87 85 83 85 88 8593 93
5359
6964
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
2,000
300 2,000
96
75
25[2013 ] 11 1999
8
16.4 23.2 22.518.1
26.5 34.5
65.5 50.3 43.0
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1973 1990 20130
5,000
10,000
1973
1977
1981
1985
1989
1993
1997
2001
2005
2009
20131973 1990 [ ]
12.5
0.7
+33.5
(1990-2013)2013
[%]
1973 1990 2013
2,000
3002,000
300
9
–
–
10
•
••
•
•
•
11
BELS: Building Housing Energy efficiency Labeling System
••
ZEB
12
13
•
A H25 B C ZEB Ready B• VVVF • VVVF • VVVF
•••
•••
•••
• HF•
• HF•
• LED•
• Pa••
• Pa••
• Pa••
• HP EHP••
• HP EHP•• VAV
• HP EHP•• VAV
•• XPS• XPS
• Low E• XPS• XPS
• Low E• XPS• XPS
0
600
1200
1800A B
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
Case A51%
A H25 B ZEB Ready
• • VVVF
••••
• HP•••
• HF•
• HF LED•
• •
• HP EHP•••
• HP EHP
••
•• XPS• XPS
• Low E 12mm• XPS• XPS
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500 Case A52%
A H25 B ZEB Ready
• • VVVF
••••
• HP•••
• HF•
• LED•
• •
• HP••
• HP EHP•• FCU
•• XPS• XPS
• Low E 12mm• XPS• XPS
14
• 21kW 12.7%
• LED 36.6%
• •
50.7%• HP•
• EHP•
•
• Low E•
• PAL*35.7%
• 59.4kW • 13.5%
• HP 4.2%
• 13.6%
• 0.9%
• EHP 67.9%
• Low E • PAL*50.7%
• 15.12kW • 15kWh 10.3%
• 14.2%
• LED 11.7%
• • 24.7%
• EHP 33.0%
• Low E • PAL*44.9%
15
ZEBZEB
ZEB
ZEB
ZEB
16
WEB
2,547 1015J
22%
10%
11%
21%
8%
3%
9%
16%
17
18
2016 28
2016 28 2016 26
•
•
•
19
8
31
201
( )(1) ( )CO2
21
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