Review Reading Skill

Exercises

BOOK2Unit6

I. I. Review Reading Skill

most likely appears in the beginning (especially the first and/or second sentence) and at the end of the paragraph,

The Main Idea in a Paragraph

helps get the whole picture of the text and skip the less important details, thus improving your reading speed,

and helps predict or better understand the rest of the text.

BOOK2Unit6

1. It was prejudice time. Some of the children we encountered stared, pointed, and laughed; adults gave us long, doubting looks. Clerks in stores followed our track to watch our every move. In a lunchroom a second assistant hurried to the side of the cashier, where they took my $2 check without asking for ID; it seemed worth that price to have us out the door. At one doorway a clerk physically blocked the entrance apparently to discourage our

entry.

II. ExerciseII. Exercise

Main idea:It was prejudice time. It was prejudice time.

BOOK2Unit6

2. So what did we learn? Mostly what we expected, what everybody knows: people judge by appearances. Just looking poor brings with it prejudice, accompanied by removal of much of the social grace most of us take for granted. Lacking the culturally acceptable symbols of belonging in this setting, we became, to a degree, objects, with

less inherent dignity as persons.

Main idea:People judge by appearance.People judge by appearance.

BOOK2Unit6

ReadingIII. Reading Skills—Scanning Exercise p. 145

I. Before you read the text closely, scan the text to find answers to the following questions in three minutes.

1. What does the writer want to do in this passage?

The writer wants to describe a sociological exercise that might seem to validate a standard criticism of sociological research (Para. 1

BOOK2Unit6

2. When and where did the sociological exercise take place? And who took part in the exercise?

During spring break from a local college, my friend and I went downtown to shop. (Para. 2)

3. What was the aim of this sociological exercise?

The aim was to look like street people and observe what difference that made in the way other people responded to them―whether the appearance of poverty would invite prejudice on them. (Para. 3)

BOOK2Unit6

4. What did they first do in the sociological exercise?

They went into the bargain store of a local charity where they politely asked access to a bathroom. (Para. 4)

5. What did they learn in the sociological exercise?

People judge by appearances. (Para. 7)

Questions Questions Answering Answering Questions Questions Answering Answering

BOOK2Unit6

Answer questions with less than 10 Answer questions with less than 10 words.words.

Para

.1Para

.11.1. What does “it”What does “it”(L4)(L4) refer to? refer to?

2.2. What’s the author’s attitude What’s the author’s attitude toward the standard criticism? toward the standard criticism?

1.1. What does “it”What does “it”(L4)(L4) refer to? refer to?

2.2. What’s the author’s attitude What’s the author’s attitude toward the standard criticism? toward the standard criticism?

Key>>>Key>>>

1.1. The standard The standard criticism.criticism.2.2. He is against it.He is against it.

BOOK2Unit6

Para

.1Para

.13.3. Why was there “no need for Why was there “no need for

dramatics”?dramatics”? (L20)(L20)

4.4. Why didn’t they go up to the Why didn’t they go up to the 20th floor?20th floor? (Lines 25~27)(Lines 25~27)

3.3. Why was there “no need for Why was there “no need for dramatics”?dramatics”? (L20)(L20)

4.4. Why didn’t they go up to the Why didn’t they go up to the 20th floor?20th floor? (Lines 25~27)(Lines 25~27)

Key>>>Key>>>

3. People drove them away just 3. People drove them away just because of their poor appearance.because of their poor appearance.

4.4. They were afraid of blowing their They were afraid of blowing their cover.cover.

BOOK2Unit6

Para

.1Para

.15. Why didn’t the cashier ask for ID 5. Why didn’t the cashier ask for ID

when he took the check? when he took the check? (Lines (Lines 33~35)33~35)

6. What is “her feeling”?6. What is “her feeling”? (L57)(L57)

5. Why didn’t the cashier ask for ID 5. Why didn’t the cashier ask for ID when he took the check? when he took the check? (Lines (Lines 33~35)33~35)

6. What is “her feeling”?6. What is “her feeling”? (L57)(L57)

Key>>>Key>>>

5. They hoped the author left 5. They hoped the author left quickly.quickly.

6.6. The place was not for them.The place was not for them.

Translation

Paraphrase

&

BOOK2Unit6 1.A standard criticism of sociological research is that it goes to great lengths to prove what most people with common sense already know.

译文：人们通常批评说：社会学研究不遗余力去译文：证明的只是一些大多数有常识的人都已经知道的东西。

Standard adj accepted as normal or usual 标准的，规范的，普通的---We paid them the standard rate. standard practice/procedure (=the usual way of doing things) ---Searching luggage at airports is now standard.

BOOK2Unit6

2. Without exactly taking sides for or against that criticism, I want to describe a sociological exercise that might seem to validate it—except that, for me and a classmate (and maybe for some who read this accountthis account), the experience

made a common claimcommon claim come alive. (L2)(L2)

this accountthis account:: this report, article common claimcommon claim:: commonly accepted belief ( judge by appearance)

我不想确切地赞成或反对此类批评，我只是想我不想确切地赞成或反对此类批评，我只是想描述一个似乎可以证实它的社会学考察。但对描述一个似乎可以证实它的社会学考察。但对于我和我的一位同学来说（也许还有那些看到于我和我的一位同学来说（也许还有那些看到本文的人），此次考察的经历使得一个众所周本文的人），此次考察的经历使得一个众所周知的观点变得栩栩如生了。知的观点变得栩栩如生了。

BOOK2Unit6 3.The aim was to look like street

people and to observe what difference that made in the way other people respond to us—whether the appearance of poverty would

invite prejudice on us. (L 15~16) *that=to look like street peoplewhat difference 作 that made 的宾语。 Meaning: to see what different effects that produced …

我们的目的是使自己看似漂泊街头的人，以观我们的目的是使自己看似漂泊街头的人，以观察他人对我们这样的打扮会有何不同反应察他人对我们这样的打扮会有何不同反应————是否贫穷的外表会招来别人的歧视。是否贫穷的外表会招来别人的歧视。

BOOK2Unit6

4. Just looking poor brings with it prejudice, accompanied by by removal of much of the social removal of much of the social gracegrace most of us take for granted.

(L46~47)

仅仅因为外表贫穷就会带来人们的歧视，同时仅仅因为外表贫穷就会带来人们的歧视，同时我们大多数人视为理所当然的社交风度也丧失我们大多数人视为理所当然的社交风度也丧失殆尽。殆尽。

with much social grace disappearing

BOOK2Unit6

5. Lacking the cultural acceptable symbols of belonging in this setting , we became to a degree, objects, woth less inherent dignity as persons. (L48~50)

因为我们缺少在文化上可被认同的属于这个环境的标志，因此，在某种程度上，我们就成了物品，缺少了做人所固有的尊严。

BOOK2Unit6

6. In a very few hours, we found ourselves accepting and internalizing the superficial and prejudiced judgments of ourselves that prevailed among the people we met; … (L58~60) We used to feel that it’s wrong to say

people all judge others by appearance. But now we firmly believe it’s right.

We used to feel that it’s wrong to say people all judge others by appearance. But now we firmly believe it’s right.

我们曾经认为流行在我们周围的人当中的看法我们曾经认为流行在我们周围的人当中的看法是肤浅且带有偏见的。仅仅几个小时后，我们是肤浅且带有偏见的。仅仅几个小时后，我们发现自己已接受这一观点并深信不疑。发现自己已接受这一观点并深信不疑。

Matching GameMatching Game

Word UsingWord Using

BOOK2Unit6

I. Matching GameI. Matching GameI. Matching GameI. Matching Game

1.1. validvalid

2.2. accurateaccurate

3.3. concealconceal

4.4. emotionalemotional

5.5. internalinternal

6.6. superficialsuperficial

7.7. virtuallyvirtually

8.8. imitateimitate

a.a. of the strong feelingof the strong feeling

b.b. exactexact

c.c. effective lawfullyeffective lawfully

d.d. hidehide

e.e. follow as an examplefollow as an example

f.f. of the insideof the inside

g.g. in factin fact

h.h. not deep or seriousnot deep or serious

BOOK2Unit6

1. account (L4) n. description

e.g.e.g. — She kept a detailed account

of the suspect’s movements.

Tra

nsla

tTra

nsla

tio

nio

n

他详细地介绍了他在欧洲的经历。他详细地介绍了他在欧洲的经历。

Key

Key

He gave a detailed account of hisHe gave a detailed account of his

experience in Europe.experience in Europe.

He gave a detailed account of hisHe gave a detailed account of his

experience in Europe.experience in Europe.

PhrasePhrase ：： account for account for

解释，说明；占，构成；解释，说明；占，构成；— She was required to account for her

actions.

— Rent accounts for 50% of his

expenditure.

PhrasePhrase ：： account for account for

解释，说明；占，构成；解释，说明；占，构成；— She was required to account for her

actions.

— Rent accounts for 50% of his

expenditure.

II. Word UsingII. Word UsingII. Word UsingII. Word Using

BOOK2Unit6

2. speak of (L16) show or suggest

e.g.e.g.

— His eyes speak of

suffering.

— Time is up. I will speak of that point later.

BOOK2Unit6

3. turn out (L17) to happen in a particular way; to develop or end in a particular way…

e.g.— It turned out that she was my sister’s friend.— A large group of protesters have turned out.— an assembly line turning out cars

其他：其他：

turn

>>>>>>practicepractice

down 拒绝；关小，调低in 交还，上交；over 仔细考虑；to 变成；求助于up 出现，到来；开大，调高

BOOK2Unit6

1)1) He has not _________ yet, but everybody He has not _________ yet, but everybody else is here.else is here.

2)2) The boy was ____________ for the job The boy was ____________ for the job because because he didn't have any experience.he didn't have any experience.

3)3) We thought he had been killed, but he We thought he had been killed, but he ___________ safe and sound. ___________ safe and sound.

4)4) If you have any problem, please If you have any problem, please _________ me any time._________ me any time.

5)5) Would you mind if I _______________ the Would you mind if I _______________ the music?music?

turned up

turned down

turned out

turn to

turn down/up

BOOK2Unit6 4. apart from (L32)

besides

e.g.e.g. Apart from a few scratches, the car was undamaged.

Tra

nsla

tion

Tra

nsla

tion

除了很少的几句外，我对法语一无所知。除了很少的几句外，我对法语一无所知。

K

ey

Key

Apart from a few words, I do not

know

any French at all.

Apart from a few words, I do not

know

any French at all.

BOOK2Unit6

5. accompany (L39) v. be or go with

e.g.e.g. — Mary sang and I accompanied her on the piano.— The minister was accompanied by his secretary to the hospital.

Tra

nsla

tTra

nsla

tio

nio

n

她陪我去看了医生。她陪我去看了医生。

K

ey

Key

She accompanied me to the doctor's.She accompanied me to the doctor's.She accompanied me to the doctor's.She accompanied me to the doctor's.

Prejudices Around Prejudices Around UsUs

Why & HowWhy & How

Prejudices Around Prejudices Around UsUs

Why & HowWhy & How

GROUP WORKGROUP WORK GROUP WORKGROUP WORK

BOOK2Unit6

Are you aware of Are you aware of any prejudices in any prejudices in your life? What are your life? What are they? they? sex prejudice, sex prejudice, racial prejudice, or racial prejudice, or …? …? List them and List them and exchange your exchange your view with your view with your desk-mate.desk-mate.

Are you aware of Are you aware of any prejudices in any prejudices in your life? What are your life? What are they? they? sex prejudice, sex prejudice, racial prejudice, or racial prejudice, or …? …? List them and List them and exchange your exchange your view with your view with your desk-mate.desk-mate.

BOOK2Unit6

VocabularyEx III

• 1. tidy • 2. prevail• 3. emotional• 4. imitating• 5. discourage

• 6. bargain• 7. wander• 8. superficial• 9. concealed• 10. accompanies

BOOK2Unit6

Ex IV

• 1. turned out• 2. is not really up to• 3. went to great lengths• 4. acting out• 5. spoke of

• 6. Judging by• 7. out of character• 8. took sides• 9. blow his cover• 10. more or less