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COLONIAL ERA VOCABULARY
GREAT AWAKENING
Religious movement of the 1730’s and 1740’s
Started by Jonathan Edwards
Called on colonists to examine their lives
Warned people to follow the Bible’s teachings
IMPACT OF GREAT AWAKENING
Started a religious debate People started to break away from
their old churches to form new ones
Many believers challenged authority and created a spirit of independence
ENLIGHTENMENT Movement in Europe in
the 1600 and 1700’s that emphasized the use of reason
Leaders: John Locke and Benjamin Franklin
Scientific methods could be used to study society (human behavior)
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
Scientist, philosopher, inventor
Wrote “Poor Richard’s Almanac” – contained useful information.
Studied literature, mathematics, foreign languages
Invented the lightning rod, bifocals
Community leader, influential in the American Revolution
TRIAL OF JOHN PETER ZENGER
Dispute of freedom of Press John Zenger was arrested for publishing
stories that criticized the governor Put on trial Jury in favor of Zenger because the
story he printed was true Established freedom of Press
MASON DIXON LINE
Line that formed the boundary between the Middle and Southern colonies
SLAVE CODES
Laws that limited the rights of slaves. Rules for slaves’ behavior and denied
them basic rights Treated them as property, not humans
MERCANTILISM
Economic theory that the colonies should benefit the home country
Belief that a nation became strong by keeping strict
control over trade Believed a country should export more than it imports
NAVIGATION ACTS
Laws that regulated trade between England and its colonies so that only England benefited
Only English ships could carry goods to and from the colonies
Limited the goods that could be shipped to England
ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS
Protected the rights of English citizens Guaranteed trial by jury The ruler could not raise taxes or an
army without the approval of Parliament