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Reggae.

Made by Kopachevskaya Polina

The sources of information:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rastafari_movement

http://images.yandex.ru/yandsearch?text=reggae&stype=image

http://en.noomus.com/music/Bob+Marley/

INTRODUCTION

I want to say about reggae. Because I think that reggae is a very interesting subcultures and a style of music. The history of reggae is rich in events.

The ContentsThe history of reggae.Reggae- the independent subculture.

The difference from another subcultures.

Reggae- the style of music. Reggae groups.

The history of reggae.

Music reggae became in west-India, on the island of Jamaica.

It became a part of the national liberating movement which existed there from the period of slavery. 10 years before 1930 one of the black leaders of Jamaica Marcus Garvey founded the movement “Back to Africa”. The movement had lots f ancestors. Garvey said that the blacks would be saved by the leader from Africa.

When in 1930the Ethiopian magnat Ras Tafari was crowned people began to believe that the words began to come true.

The name Rastafari comes from Ras (literally "Head," an Ethiopian title equivalent to Duke), and Tafari Makonnen, the pre-coronation name of Haile Selassie

Other characteristics of Rastafari include the spiritual use of cannabis,and various Afrocentric social and political aspirations, such as the teachings of Jamaican publicist, organiser, and black separatist Marcus Garvey.

The Rastafari movement has spread throughout much of the world, largely through interest generated by reggae music—most notably, that of Jamaican singer/songwriter Bob Marley. By 2000, there were more than one million Rastafari faithful worldwide. About five to ten percent of Jamaicans identify themselves as Rastafari. Leonard Howell, who has been described as the "first Rasta," formed a commune which grew as large as 5,000 people at a place called Pinnacle, at St. Catherine in Jamaica.

Reggae is a music genre first developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s.

While sometimes used in a broader sense to refer to most types of Jamaican music, the term reggae more properly denotes a particular music style that originated following on the development of ska and rocksteady. Reggae is based on a rhythm style characterized by regular chops on the off-beat, known as the skank. The tempo is generally slower than that found in ska. Reggae usually has accents on the 3rd beat in each bar, there being four beats in a bar; many people think it's accentuated on the 2nd and 4th, because of the rhythm guitar.

Reggae is often associated with the Rastafari movement. Reggae song lyrics deal with many subjects, including faith, love, relationships, poverty, injustice and other broad social issues.

Bob Marley Live a painting by Steve Brogdon 1992

Toots Hibbert, lead singer of the Maytals.

The word as a musical term first appeared in print with the 1968 rocksteady hit "Do the Reggay" by the vocal group the Maytals, but it was already being used in Kingston as the name of a slower dance and style of rocksteady.

Reggae historian Steve Barrow considers that it is the alternated Jamaican word “streggae” ("loose woman") . However, the lead singer Toots Hibbert says that,

"There's a word we used to use in Jamaica called 'streggae'. If a girl is walking and the guys look at her and say 'Man, she's streggae' it means she don't dress well, she look raggedy. The girls would say that about the men too. This one morning me and my two friends were playing and I said, 'OK man, let's do the reggay.' It was just something that came out of my mouth. So we just started singing 'Do the reggay, do the reggay' and created a beat.

Rastafarians as well as reggae followers have their own traditional colours: they are the combination of yellow, red and green. They can be easily distinguished thanks to their dreadlocks which are supposed to be special things connecting them to the spiritual world.

Bob Marley, born Robert Nesta Marley, was a Jamaican singer-songwriter, guitarist, and activist. He was the most widely known writer and performer of reggae, and more specificaly roots reggae, He is famous for popularising the genre outside of Jamaica and the Caribbean.

Bob Marley was a member, perhaps a leader of the Rastafari movement, which culture was a key element in the development of reggae. His best known songs are a mixture of reggae, rock, and rhythm and blues, which include "I Shot the Sheriff", "No Woman No Cry", "Exodus", "Could You Be Loved",

Marley tragically died of cancer at Cedars of Lebanon Hospital in Miami, Florida, on May 11, 1981.

In 1993, Marley was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Time magazine chose Bob Marley & The Wailers' album «Exodus» as the greatest album of the 20th century.