, RD, CSCS #fuelingtactics The Evolving Demands of a Sports RD … · 2017. 7. 12. · are trying to use realtime monitoring to dial in individual loads and minimize non-functional

• Registered Dietitian (R.D.) via Academy of Nutrition & Dietetics

• Certified Strength & Conditioning Specialist (C.S.C.S.)via National Strength & Conditioning Association (Nutrition SIG Co-Founder)

• Master Level V Certified Hockey Coach via USA Hockey

• Advisor: USADA, USA Hockey, MLB/PA, MLB Strength & Coaches Society • American Egg Board, NSF

!"#$%&'$"'!())*))[email protected] • facebook.com/dave.r.ellis • http://twitter.com/fuelingtactics

www.sportsrd.org

Making Nutrition “Coachable” For Over 3 Decades!

Dave Ellis, RD, CSCSPast President / Ambassador3

www.sportsrd.org

#fuelingtactics

The Evolving Demands of a Sports RD in

High Performance Settings

The Evolving Demands of a Sports RD in High Performance Settings

Objectives:

• You will learn about the skill sets that historically have helped Sports RDs gain traction working in sports.

• You will learn about the emerging skill sets Sports RDs are being asked to acquire by High Performance Directors.

• You will compare and contrast emerging skill set demands with emerging Precision Medicine models.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eIaWrhSJ4Og&t=20s

Twenty Years In The Collegiate Ranks’82 -’90 Nebraska’90 -’94 Wisconsin’94 -’01 Nebraska

Before There Were High Performance Directors…

2001 University of Nebraska Performance Team

George Sullivan, ATC

Boyd Epley, CSCS

Performance Nutrition Staff

Training Table Staff

WENT PRIVATE 2001• WORK WITH: NFL, MLB, NBA, NHL, NASCAR, OLYMPIC NGB’S, COLLEGE ATHLETICS, US SPECIAL FORCES

“Sports RD” Vision: 2011, Be acknowledged as the organization that established nutrition to be on par with Sports Medicine and Strength & Conditioning

and Advocate for the nutritional welfare of athletes.

www.sportsrd.org

First PresidentAmbassador

Dave Ellis (MLB), Becci Twombley (USC), Amy Freel (IU), Randy Bird (UVA), Amy Bragg (Bama)

First Conference ’09Non-Profit Membership Est. ‘11

April 24th, 2014 Division I student-athletes can receive unlimited meals and snacks in

conjunction with their athletics participation!

’14 – Feed Rule Deregulation’17 – 30% Protein Rule Dereg.

!"##$%&'()*$%+,-.+-$/.*0)1)-$$2$"'3&-004-$%56-715(8*$"'33,9--

:(,5.$;5,.<,.-$='>.$?5(*'.*

Need Stronger NCAADoping Control!

Dec. ‘16Consulting Sports RD

MLB / MLBPA

Position Stands, Joint Position Statements and Opinion Statements are published in Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise®, the official journal of ACSM. Position Stands are official statements of ACSM on topics related to sports medicine and exercise science. All current ACSM Position Stands and Joint Position Statements are free to the public online.

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise: March 2016 - Volume 48 - Issue 3 - p 543–568

Nutrition and Athletic PerformanceAcademy of Nutrition and Dietetics,

Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine

The performance of, and recovery from, sporting activities are enhanced by well-chosen nutrition strategies

Nutrition and Athletic PerformanceNutrition and Athletic PerformanceAcademy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics,

Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports MedicineAmerican College of Sports Medicine

TThe performance of, and recovery from, sporting activities are enhanced by well-chosen nutrition strategieshe performance of, and recovery from, sporting activities are enhanced by well-chosen nutrition strategies

http://journals.lww.com/acsm-msse/Fulltext/2016/03000/Nutrition_and_Athletic_Performance.25.aspx

Best Practices Are Very Circumstantial & Evolving Rapidly!

Forward based conjecture vs . Evidence based research

Performance requires risk!

High aspirations, expectations and standards

vs. High Performance

Signature Process vs Best Practices

Plan – Execute – Review

“Marginal Gains” – continuously improvingevery aspect a little bit at a time

Kaizen – continued improvement

Steve Norris

Forward based conjecture vs . Evidence based research

Performance requires risk!

“Marginal Gains” – continuously improvingevery aspect a little bit at a time

Kaizen – continued improvement

Nutrition and Athletic PerformanceNutrition and Athletic PerformanceKey Tenets of a High Performance Diet

1) Immune - Game Day Availability NOT INJURED or SICK!Highly trained athletes walk a tightrope between training hard enough to achieve a maximal training stimulus and avoiding the illness and injury risk associated with an excessive training volume (dysfunctional over-reaching/OT or Unexplained Underperformance Syndrome - UUPS: http://bmjopensem.bmj.com/content/1/1/e000063.full.pdf)—— 2) Energy Availability - Active vs. Inactive Day Feed Rates / TimingPeriodized, taking into account the needs of daily training sessions (which can range from minor in the case of “easy” workouts to substantial in the case of high quality sessions (eg, high intensity, strenuous, or highly skilled workouts) and overall nutritional goals (Active vs. Inactive Day Feed Rates)

Timing of nutrient intake and nutritional support over the day and in relation to sport rather than general daily targets. Pre-, During and Post-Event Eating—— 3) Recovery - Readiness To Train or Compete Personalized Plans - calculate needs using guidelines per kg or lb of body mass (fat mass or fat free mass) for nutrients (eg, energy, carbohydrate, and protein) to be scaled to the large range in the body sizes of athletes. Reality is we are trying to use realtime monitoring to dial in individual loads and minimize non-functional overreaching, illness, and injury. (Internal Biometric Monitoring vs. External Load Monitoring).

Body Composition associated with optimal performance is now recognized as an important but challenging goal that needs to be individualized and periodized. Care should be taken to preserve health and long term performance by avoiding practices that create unacceptably low energy availability and psychological stress (Frame).

Sport Culture / Diversity - take specificity and uniqueness of the event, performance goals, practical challenges, food preferences, and responses to various strategies (addressing cultural diversity of teams w/food supply critical).

Unexplained Underperformance Syndrome - UUPS: http://bmjopensem.bmj.com/content/1/1/e000063.full.pdf)

Periodized, taking into account the needs of daily training sessions (which can range from minor in the case of “easy”

Timing of nutrient intake and nutritional support over the day and in relation to sport rather than general daily targets.

Personalized Plans - calculate needs using guidelines per kg or lb of body mass (fat mass or fat free mass) for

Body Composition

Sport Culture / Diversity - take specificity and uniqueness of the event, performance goals, practical challenges, food

illness and injury risk

1) Immune - Game Day Availability NOT INJURED or SICK!

2) Energy Availability - Active vs. Inactive Day Feed Rates / Timing

3) Recovery - Readiness To Train or Compete

Less Down Time

DueTo Illness

Step 1Foods

Energy Onboard For Quality Work

Step 2Foods

Less Muscle Soreness & Improved

Recovery Time

Step 3Foods

Organize Feedings At Home…

And On The Road....

MEMORIAL STADIUM

TRAINING TABLE &

’95 FIESTA BOWL NEBRASKA TEAM

HOTEL

Fueling Tactics®: Making Food Coachable2005 SUPER BOWLNEW ENGLAND PATRIOTSTEAM ONLYDINING ROOM

“A well organized approach to educating and feeding athletes can make a difference, especially at the highest levels of sport. Dave’s Fueling Tactics®

systems is a time testedperformer.”

Bill BelichickHead CoachNew England Patriots

Three Step Systemfresh food focus

Energy Availability Periodized:Coaching

athletes on the appropriate way to up-regulate or down-regulate

non-protein calories (sugar, starch and fat)

relative to activity.

Meal

Snack

Meal

Snack

Meal

Snack

Timing…Can Combine & Reorder Based On Schedule

MikeMancias@MikeMancias1

Personalize

Protein rec. for endurance and strength trained athletes range from 1.2 to 1.7 g/kg (0.5 to 0.8 /lb) body weight per day or ~1 g pro / lb. fat free mass. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11128862

Personalize

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21793767 (J Sports Sci. 2011;29 Suppl 1:S7–15. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2011.588958. Epub 2011 Jul 28.)

Frequently find athletes entering pre-season training attempting to continue offseason feed rates used to mobilize body fat!

Periodization based on demands of training typical range based on fat free mass: -20.6 kcals / lb. on active day -13.6 kcals / lb. on inactive days (no less than)

NOTE: Lean female athlete 9 x more likely to restrict than lean males.

Within 5 days bone mineralization declines abruptly as energy availability declines below 13.6 kcal / lb. FFM/ day, as do concentrations of: -insulin-like growth factor-1-triodothyronine (T3). -Along with low Vit D, low kcals intake in males can lower free testosterone (low values FT < 1.5 ng/dL).

Energy Availability - How Little Is Too Little?

-20.6 kcals / lb. on active day -13.6 kcals / lb. on inactive days (no less than)

Frequently find athletes entering pre-season training attempting to continue offseason feed rates used to mobilize body fat!

Within 5 days bone mineralization declines abruptly as energy availability declines below 13.6 kcal / lb. FFM/ day, as do concentrations of:

Page Page

Pacific Sports – Optimal Windows of Trainability (Balyi and Way 2005)

Windows of Trainability

Chronological Age

Biological Age

Training Age “understand the

downside of early

specialization”

Long Term Athletic Development (LTAD)

Biological Age

FRAME: Trunk Length & Robust Characteristics“Obesity Trait”

Genes & Frames

w/AgePlay Lighter!

Dietary AGE content may be a crucial determinant for accumulation of AGE cross-links in tendons and for tissue compliance. The results demonstrate how systemic metabolic factors may influence tendon health.

With aging, muscle ECM hydroxyproline content increased twofold and advanced glycation end-product protein adducts increased threefold, whereas collagen fibril orientation and total ECM area were not different between muscles from adult and old mice.

The greatest of contributors by far of AGEs/ALEs by food (Table II) seem to be dairy products130 (Figure 1), bread, and meat, not only because they are rich in these substances but also as these foods constitute the bulk of modern food, especially in the western world. Also, plants contribute to accumulation of AGEs/ALEs in the body, especially fruits, which contain larger amounts of fructose, which is highly reactive with proteins. However, consumption of carbohydrates seem mainly, or only, to be of considerable risk when consumed as industrially concentrated products, refined sugar, and high-fructose corn syrup.91

http://www.andjrnl.org/article/S0002-8223%2810%2900238-5/fulltext?dialogRequest=

cross-links in tendons and for tissue compliance. The results demonstrate how Dietary AGE content may be a crucial determinant for accumulation of AGE cross-links in tendons and for tissue compliance. The results demonstrate how cross-links in tendons and for tissue compliance. The results demonstrate how systemic metabolic factors may influence tendon healthcross-links in tendons and for tissue compliance. The results demonstrate how Dietary AGE content may be a crucial determinant for accumulation of AGE cross-links in tendons and for tissue compliance. The results demonstrate how cross-links in tendons and for tissue compliance. The results demonstrate how systemic metabolic factors may influence tendon healthcross-links in tendons and for tissue compliance. The results demonstrate how Dietary AGE content may be a crucial determinant for accumulation of AGE cross-links in tendons and for tissue compliance. The results demonstrate how

Nutrition and Athletic PerformanceNutrition and Athletic PerformanceKey Tenets of a High Performance Diet

Workout / Competition / Game Day Contingencies Fuel demands of the event and support cognitive function.Adapt the body to develop metabolic efficiency and flexibility while competition nutrition strategiesfocus on providing adequate substrate stores to meet the fuel demands of the event w/o GI distress and support cognitive fx (coaches). Feeding on the road is big deal!

Fatigue reducing / delaying strategies specific to the event, the environment/scenario in which it is undertaken, and the individual athlete (contingencies for hydration, altitude, cramp mitigation / buffering and possibly neuro-fatigue / nootropics).

Functional Foods / Dietary Supplements Security - A pragmatic approach to advice regarding the use of functional foods and dietary supplements is needed in the face of the high prevalence of interest in, and use by, athletes and the evidence that some products can usefully contribute to a sports nutrition plan and/or directly enhance performance. Athletes should be assisted to undertake a cost-benefit analysis of the use of such products and to recognize that they are of the greatest value when added to a well-chosen eating plan (caffeine, beet powder, plasma volume builders, time released carbohydrate blends, fast digesting-high leucine protein post workout blends / slow digesting before bed, Vit. D, DHA rich fish oil, turmeric, pre-probiotics - joint health-brain health-vision / inflammation / immune). http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0891584916000307

NOTE: When working with drug tested athletes, all supplement facts panel products should be tested to ensure they are free of banned substances and possibly some functional foods where risk has been identified.

(contingencies for hydration, altitude, cramp mitigation / undertaken, and the individual athlete (contingencies for hydration, altitude, cramp mitigation / buffering and possibly neuro-fatigue / nootropics).

(contingencies for hydration, altitude, cramp mitigation / buffering and possibly neuro-fatigue / nootropics)

We TypicallyEat Our

Last SolidMeal 3-4

Hour PriorTo activity

•Liquid Meals

And Small SnacksCan Be

Consumed1-2 Hour Pre-

Activity

Lots of high water foods from Step #1 like cold fruit, but skip the onions, peppers, pickles

and pungent spices

•Lots of slow

digesting starches like pasta, rice and whole grain bread

•Only small

amounts of the LEAN protein

sources

Analytics - Cross Validates What Coaches Think They See! Quality vs. Minutes.Use of analytics for more objective decision making and efficient organization management.

Tease out key learning to direct / validate forward based conjecture!

Performance Director for the Milwaukee Bucks• Sports Physiologist (B. App. Sci. Hons.) • Sports Technology Development (Ph.D. Aerospace Engineering).

Troy Flanagan

EXTERNALLOAD MONITORINGAccelerometers, RFID,

GPS, Gyroscope, Digital Compass, HR Force Plates, Video…

Shawn ZellSports RD

Assessment of Internal LoadHR/HRV

EEG Glycogen

Cheek Swab Saliva Breath Sweat Urine Blood

Body Comp.

Inter-individual genomic, environmental, and gut microflora variation can contribute to an individual-specific metabotype or metabolomic fingerprint. Each of these factors can influence the others and determine the outcome of the metabotype. Conversely, the individual's metabolome can affect each one of the factors.

Precision Medicine MetabotypePrecision Medicine Initiative

215M Funding in 2016! http://ow.ly/10xdhP

(Endocrine Disruptors)(Metabolomic Fingerprint)Fiber

Elimination Diets

(Dysbiosis)

(Trans-Generational)

Xenobiotics

Blood Type

Adapted…

(Precision Medicine)

(Microbiome Signature)

(Active Pharmaceutical

Ingredients)

(Biometrics)

Starter Kit Price:$593.75 NC9206306 URISYS 1100, 10MD STRT KT PROMO

NOTE: Urisys 1100 UA Starter Kit includes:Meter & 2 strip trays ($937.48 value)Six vials of the Chemstrips10MD/600 Strips ($346.32 value)One vial of calibration strips ($62.71 value)

One training DVD, one operator's manual, and a one year warranty (Total value $1,346.51).

Starter kits save you over $750!

Starter Kit Price:$593.75 NC9206306 URISYS 1100, 10MD STRT KT PROMO

NOTE: Urisys 1100 UA Starter Kit includes:Meter & 2 strip trays ($937.48 value)Six vials of the Chemstrips10MD/600 Strips ($346.32 value)One vial of calibration strips ($62.71 value)

One training DVD, one operator's manual, and a one year warranty (Total value $1,346.51).

Starter kits save you over $750!

Strips ($346.32 value)

one operator's manual, and a one year warranty

Biosensor TechnologyElectrochemical vs. Colorimetric Biochemical Assays

Urine Metabolites Gatorade’s New Gx Sports Fuel Customization Platform

GAMEDAY SIDELINE CRAMP

PREVENTION

<----- Citric Acid 1000 mgPotassium Bicarbonate 344 mg Sodium Bicarbonate 1050 mg

Citric Acid 1000 mg--------> Sodium Bicarbonate 1940 mg

Overloading motor neurons w/ natural TRPV1 and TRPA

activators produces long-lasting inhibition of

electrically-induced muscle cramping: ginger, cinnamon

and capsicum

Diet Analysis Apps

Protein Synthesis

vs. Breakdown

Adapted from Stu Phillips

Adapted from Doug Paddon-Jones

Binge Eaters…Hard To Lean Out!

Joe Public Needs Better

Protein Distribution

Adapted from Stu Phillips

Adapted from Doug Paddon-Jones

• Quality protein consumed in a 24-hour period and the amount of times reaching the EAA threshold per day was inversely related to percent central abdominal fat: http://www.nutritionandmetabolism.com/content/9/1/5

For Athletes: Post Workout Protein, Three Meals &

Protein Snack Before Bed

PM Sleep Recovery

Adapted from Stu PhillipsChronobiological Eating

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V-4PDiKWNUs

• Timing and distribution of protein ingestion during prolonged recovery from resistance exercise alters myofibrillar protein synthesis http://ow.ly/inFiW

8 AM (time restricted) 3 PM

Breakfast Lunch DinnerSnack Snack Snack

Personalized Recovery Meal Pattern1) Figure 1g Protein / Pound FFM Daily

(ex. LeBron = 240 lbs. FFM or 240 g Protein/d or ~34.5 Servings (7g / serv)or BW based 1.2 to 2.0 g/kg/d (0.9 g/lb/d) ex. BW 258 x 0.9 = 232 g Protein/d)

2) Figure 0.054 g EAA per Pound of FFM Min. Serving Goal(ex. 240 x .054 = 13 g EAA per Serving or ~26 g “Net Protein Min. Serving” (50% EAA)

or BW based 0.3 g/kg (0.136 g/lb) ex. 240 x 0.136 = ~33 g)

3) Distribute “Net Protein Min. Serving” at snacks & divide remaining g PRO evenly over three meals

(26 g x 3 = 78 g)(240 g – 78 g = 162 g)(162 / 3 = 54 g)

54 g PRO

~7-8 Serv.

54 g PRO

~7-8 Serv.

54 g PRO

~7-8 Serv.

26 g PRO

~3-4 Serv.

26 g PRO

~3-4 Serv.

26 g PRO

~3-4 Serv.

20–30 g?

The higher the leucine yield of the EAA rich protein sources the better with the ability to stimulate MPS longer per feeding. Example of some leucine rich EAA sources:

mg Leu. Per oz (28,349 mg / oz)

2772 mg – Whey Protein Isolate

2520 mg – Casein Hydrolysate

2464 mg – Egg White Solids

2240 mg – Soy Protein Isolate

1939 mg – Canola Protein Isolate

1904 mg – Vital Wheat Gluten

1875 mg – Dried Egg Whites

1385 mg – Seaweed Dried

1185 mg – Whole Dried Eggs

1124 mg – Parmesan Cheese

1072 mg – Soy Flour

992 mg – Dried Milk

939 mg – Cottonseed Meal

927 mg – Raw Soybeans

843 mg – Dried Egg Yolk

842 mg – Cooked Bacon

829 mg – Swiss Cheese

811 mg – Bison

804 mg – Lean Beef

782 mg – Pumpkin/Squash Kernels

440 mg – Wheat Germ

427 mg – Chunky Peanut Butter, Almonds & Nuts

351 mg – Sunflower Kernels

346 mg – Low Fat Ricotta Cheese & Flax Seed

335 mg - Egg White

329 mg – Almond Butter & Walnuts

312 mg – Cottage Cheese

309 mg – Popcorn w/Oil

279 mg – Yellow Whole Grain Cornmeal

246 mg – Amaranth, Buckwheat & Semonlina

243 mg – Low Fat Cream Cheese

216 mg – Scallops

183 mg – Cooked Lentils

177 mg - Greek Yogurt

172 mg – Regular Tofu

164 mg – Oatmeal Bread

162 mg – Low Fat Yogurt

142 mg – Seaweed

108 mg - 1% Milk

102 mg – Egg Noodle

774 mg – Veal /Lean Lamb Cuts

766 mg – Chicken Breast

746 mg – Fontina Cheese

741 mg – Elk

737 mg – Hard Goat Cheese

725 mg – Lean Pork Cuts

721 mg – Moose

718 mg – Edam or Gouda Cheese

703 mg – Smoked Salmon

687 mg – Gelatin Powder

682 mg – Domestic Duck & Goose

681 mg – Fresh Cooked Tuna

673 mg – Lean Turkey/Ostrich

668 mg – Cheddar & Mozzarella Cheese

655 mg – Beef Jerky

586 mg – Lobster and Caviar

580 mg – Light Tuna/Salmon/Sword Fish

537 mg – Hard Boiled Egg

465 mg – Boiled Shrimp

449 mg – Crab

97 mg – Peas & Hummus

73 mg – Quinoa or Yellow Corn

56 mg – Cooked Oatmeal, Grits or

Brown Rice

42 mg – Coconut Milk

36 mg – Raw Asparagus &

Mushrooms

30 mg – Low Fat Soy Milk





Elimination Diets

(Dysbiosis)

Xenobiotics

Blood Type

(Biometrics)

Adapted…


Blood Type



Ingredients)


Talent I.D.

LTADLong Term Athletic Dev.

Talent IdentificationNutrition: Vitamin D

Skeletal muscle is a direct target for vitamin D. Observational studies suggest that low 25[OH]D correlates with functional recovery of skeletal muscle following eccentric contractions in humans. To address this gap in knowledge in relation to damage repair, a randomised, placebo-controlled trial was performed in 20 males with insufficient concentrations of serum 25(OH)D (45 ± 25 nmol/l). Prior to and following 6 wk of supplemental vitamin D3 (4,000 IU/day). Supplemental vitamin D3 increased serum 25(OH)D and improved recovery of peak torque at 48 h and 7 days post-exercise. In vitro, 10 nmol 1!,25(OH)2D3 improved muscle cell migration dynamics and resulted in improved myotube fusion/differentiation at the biochemical, morphological, and molecular level together with increased myotube hypertrophy at 7 and 10 days post-damage. Together, these preliminary data are the first to characterize a role for vitamin D in human skeletal muscle regeneration and suggest that maintaining serum 25(OH)D may be beneficial for enhancing reparative processes and potentially for facilitating subsequent hypertrophy. http://ajpendo.physiology.org/content/309/12/E1019

*Adapted from Ahmed El-Sohemy, U. Toronto (Nutrigenomix Inc.)

80–90% of Celiac Dx Undiagnosed

Gluten Elimination

Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) together with a serum IgA level. If that is elevated, do a biopsy to confirm celiac disease.

Gluten Elimination

Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) together with a serum IgA level. If that is elevated, do a biopsy to confirm celiac disease.




(Metabolomic Fingerprint)Fiber

Elimination Diets

(Dysbiosis)


Xenobiotics

Blood Type

(Biometrics)

Adapted…




Ingredients)

(Endocrine Disruptors)

2016

Substance Use Disorderscost US over $420 B / year… health care costs, lost

economic productivity, and cost to the criminal justice

system.

Food & Supplement SecurityConventional

Food & Bev. HazardsDietary

Supplement Hazards

Mostly Biological Adulterants: -pathogens

Some Chemical Adulterants -allergens-heavy metals -pesticides -drug residues

Physical Adulterants

Some Biological Adulterants: -pathogens

Lots of Chemical Adulterants

-active pharma ingredients (APIs)

-unaccounted endocrine disrupting

chemicals (EDCs)

?Highly

Fortifiedw/

FunctionalIngredients

Episodic Illness & Deaths

Episodic Positive Drug TestDrug-Drug Interactions

Illness & Deaths

Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs)

Every week for the past 7! years, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has identified an average of two dietary supplements being sold to consumers that were “tainted” and “potentially hazardous”

NootrophicJoint Health

4.75 M In Lost Wages3.4 M In Lost Wages

Between these two alone, they lost over 8 M $ in 2016As A Result Of Positive Doping Test From The Use Of

Dietary Supplements Adulterated w/Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API’s)!

Supplement Industry Wants To Turn Your Locker Into A Team Distribution Hub!

http://www.usada.org/substances/supplement-411/

NSF Certified For Sport

• Stimulants• Narcotics• Steroids• Diuretics• Beta-2 Agonists• ß-blockers• Masking agents

• www.nsfsport.com

270+ Analytes Onsite GMP Audits

NSF 173 Standard Ahead Of The GameEndocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDC’s)

Highlights: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814614003562

• Estrogenic activity is quantified in sports supplements and an exposure and risk assessment performed.• 17"-Estradiol equivalent activity levels were higher than the ADI in 26% of exposure assessment samples.• 17"-Estradiol equivalent activity levels were higher in 66% of exposure assessment samples than levels present in the typical diet.• The predicted hormonal impact of greatest concern is for young boys and postmenopausal women.• Consumers of sport supplements may be exposed to high levels of estrogenic endocrine disruptors.

NSF’s state-of-the-art laboratories, accredited to ISO 17025, conduct routine analyses according to U.S. FDA Standard Methods, AOAC Official Methods, USP monographs and more for:

• Organic and inorganic analyses• Ingredient confirmation• Contaminant analysis• Heavy metals• Pesticide residues• Processing impurities• Dioxin (tetrachlorodibenzoparadioxin – TCDD)• Unknown mixtures

• BPA • Dioxin • Atrazine • Phthalates • Perchlorate • Fire Retardants • Lead • Arsenic • Mercury • Perfluorinated Chemicals (PFCs)• Organophosphate pesticides• Glycol Ethers

Environmental Working Groupwww.ewg.org

Also:-Organophosphate Flame Retardants – triphenyl phosphate-Anti-Diabetic & Chemo Meds – Avandia

+,-)./01234.2)56)78.)9:;)<4.)=5>.=?)71)@16745A37.)23A27<6B<==?)71)C52.<2.)<6C)C?2D36@B16)<@4122)78.)83E<6)=5D.20<6F)G578)@1272)A.56H)E14.)78<6)@A$'6$B%$C$DE?F

Substance Use Disorders cost US over $420 B / year… health care costs, lost economic productivity, and cost

to the criminal justice system.

NOTE: EDCs assessed here only represent an extremely

small subset (<5%) of all EDCs





Elimination Diets


Xenobiotics

Blood Type

Fiber

Elimination Diets

Xenobiotics

(Biometrics)

Adapted…




Ingredients)

(Dysbiosis)

The trillions of commensal bacteria that make up the intestinal microbiota which are primarily composed of five microbial phyla, encompassing Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria.

Lack of Polyphenol Rich Fresh Produce or Early ProcessingUse of Packaged-Processed Food & Potential Emulsifier and EDC ExposuresHigh-Fat, High-Sugar = increase of clostridia and decrease in Bacteroidetes.All TYPICAL of Vending, Concession or Fast Food!!!

Lack of Polyphenol Rich Fresh Produce or Early ProcessingUse of Packaged-Processed Food & Potential Emulsifier and EDC ExposuresHigh-Fat, High-Sugar = increase of clostridia and decrease in Bacteroidetes.All TYPICAL of Vending, Concession or Fast Food!!!

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jhn.12371/full

Dysbiosis vs. Diversity

Adequate Dietary Fiber More Bacteroidetes and decrease of Firmicutes.

Obese humans have more Firmicutes

EDC’s – Triclocarban (3,4,4"-trichlorocarbanilide; TCC) is an antimicrobial products and impact on microbiota composition. Increased ratio of Enterobacteriaccae leads to food sensitivities later in life, which may indicate that TCC may have some later life health outcomes.http://www.endocrinologynetwork.com/diabetes/gut-micriobiome-may-impact-diabetes-development

Mounting evidence indicates that gut microbiota composition affects obesity and diabetes, as does exposure to environmental chemicals. The toxicology and pharmacology literature also suggests that interindividual variations in gut microbiota may affect chemical metabolism via direct activation of chemicals, depletion of metabolites needed for biotransformation, alteration of host biotransformation enzyme activities, changes in enterohepatic circulation, altered bioavailability of environmental chemicals and/or antioxidants from food, and alterations in gut motility and barrier function.

Toxicodynamics of Environmental Chemicals - gut microbe variability on the disposition of environmental chemicals in humans, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of xenobiotics, body burden of environmental chemicals, framework for suggesting how these environmental factors may interact with these diseases, and identify future research needs to further our understanding of these relationships.

chemicals and/or antioxidants from food, and alterations in gut motility and barrier function.

exposure to environmental chemicals. The toxicology and pharmacology literature also suggests that interindividual variations in gut microbiota may affect chemical metabolism via direct activation of

!13G-($'6$*1G*)5.+-*$,.$8,H-(-.)$6''8$&5+I57,.7$35)-(,5<*$)>5)$+'1<8$3,7(5)-$,.)'$6''8$J-$+'.*13-K

Packaged food manufacturers have witnessed tremendous growth in these processed food

industries in the last five years.

This has considerably affected the food emulsifiers industry and an upsurge was recorded in this

industry simultaneously.

Food emulsifiers market is considered to be one of the fastest growing segments of food additives

market due to the growing trend towards reducing the fat content in food products.

http://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/food-emulsifiers-market-972.html

Food emulsifiers changed the species composition of the gut microbiota to become pro-

inflammatory.http://news.gsu.edu/2016/11/04/common-food-additive-promotes-

colon-cancer-mice-georgia-state-university-researchers-find/

Emulsifiers, detergent-like molecules that are a ubiquitous component of processed foods and that can increase bacterial translocation across

epithelia in vitro, might be promoting the increase in inflammatory bowel disease observed since

the mid-twentieth century.http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v519/n7541/full/nature14232.html. Two common: carboxymethylcellulose and polysorbate-80

Why Fresh? Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs)

Looks like it best to hold off on prepping food (mincing, chopping, grinding) until just prior to consumption. Processing too soon before consumption increases the surface area then allows gram-negative bacteria to reach high levels (w108/g) after a short period of storage at refrigeration temperatures!

Herieka et al, found that adherence to a high pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) diet for as little as 4 days caused significant increases in total leukocyte, granulocyte and lymphocyte counts. Notably, these markers are considered to be not only very sensitive, if non-specific, indicators of low-grade inflammation, but also independent risk factors for both type II diabetes and atherosclerosis. Obesogen properties reported too!

PAMPs are Food-borne TLR stimulants. PAMPs stimulate the innate immune receptors Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 or TLR4 (bacterial lipopeptides, BLP, and lipopolysaccharides, LPS, respectively). http://www.nmcd-journal.com/article/S0939–4753(15)30220–9/abstract

Looks like it best to hold off on prepping food (mincing, chopping, grinding) until just prior to consumption. Processing too soon before consumption area then allows gram-negative bacteria to reach high levels (w108/g) after a short period of storage

hold off on prepping food (mincing, chopping, grinding) until just prior to consumption

diet for as little as 4 days caused significant increases in total leukocyte, granulocyte and lymphocyte counts. Notably, these markers are considered to be not only very sensitive, if non-specific, indicators of low-grade leukocyte, granulocyte and lymphocyte counts. Notably, these markers are considered to be not only very sensitive, if non-specific, indicators of low-grade inflammation, but also independent risk factors for both type II diabetes and atherosclerosis

pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) diet for as little as 4 days caused significant increases in total

PAMPs are Food-borne TLR stimulants. and lipopolysaccharides, LPS, respectively). PAMPs are Food-borne TLR stimulants.

lipopolysaccharides, LPS, respectively).

Schematic demonstrating some experimentally-examined treatments that increase (green, solid arrows) or decrease (red, dash arrows) function of intestinal epithelial TJ barrier in response to exercise or passive heat. MLCK (Myosin Light-Chain Kinase), PKCi (Protein Kinase Ci). Intestinal epithelial barrier function and tight junction proteins with heat and exercise.

EDC’s (dioxins) Food Emulsifiers Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) Long-Chain Fatty Acids (LCFAs) Acetaldehyde, toxic ethanol (EtOH)

Microbiota

EDC’s (dioxins) Food Emulsifiers Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) Long-Chain Fatty Acids (LCFAs) Acetaldehyde, toxic ethanol (EtOH)

T

EPA

MicrobiotaLactobacillus Acidophilus400mg.d

Adapted from K. Dokladnyhttp://jap.physiology.org/content/120/6/692 Fat Cell Proliferation and Hypertrophy via EDC Exposures

(Metabolism Disrupting Chemicals – Obesogens)

Bruce BlumbergCal. Irvine

EDC’sPAMP’s

Emulsifiers

The highest rate of obesity among demographic groups (race):1) non-Hispanic

blacks at 38.1%2) followed by

31.9% for Hispanics and

3) 27.6% for non-Hispanic whites.

1) Non-Hispanic Blacks

2) Hispanic3) Non-Hispanic Whites

The highest rate The highest rate of obesity among of obesity among demographic groups (race):1) non-Hispanic

blacks at 38.1%%2) followed by

31.9% for Hispanics and Hispanics and

3) 27.6% for non- for non-Hispanic whites. Hispanic whites.

EDC’sPAMP’s

Emulsifiers

SocioeconomicSociocultural

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)

To limit exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals:-Use healthy building materials (home and work) https://www.healthybuilding.net -Avoid flame retardants in foam and carpet padding, furniture, automobiles and baby products.

http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/123-a44/ -Request safe dental surface restorations materials

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651316303475-Avoid excessive use of mild analgesics (acetaminophen, aspirin or indomethacin). http://humrep.oxfordjournals.org/content/28/7/1890.long -Switching to all natural or fragrance-free cosmetics is also an option http://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ -Switch to EDC free household cleaning products and soaps http://www.ewg.org/guides/cleaners-Not microwaving food in plastic containers or covered by plastic wrap. -Washing plastic food containers by hand instead vs.dishwasher. -Avoid using plastic containers labeled w/ numbers 3, 6, or 7 inside the recycle symbol, in which chemicals such as phthalates are used. -Use more fresh food vs. processed / packaged foods / fast foods. http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/15-10803/-Organic produce on high risk fruits and vegetables. https://www.ewg.org/foodnews/-Drinking / cooking water treatment (RO + carbon filters)

http://www.ewg.org/research/ewgs-water-filter-buying-guide

<—-Clean 15 vs. Dirty Dozen—>

• Prevalence of Celiac Dx (CD) in the U.S. at one in 133 people

(less than 1% of pop.).

• Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS)

one in 14 people(6% to 7% of the pop.).

• People with NCGS do not get villous atrophy, even

though they can still experience near-identical

symptoms to CD, including diarrhea, bloating, abdominal pain, joint pain, depression,

brain fog and migraines.

Wheat RyeBarleyTriticaleMalt Regular Oats Brewer’s YeastWheat Starch

GLUTEN REALITIES

Rice, Quinoa, Corn, Buckwheat, Amaranth and Millet are safe.

Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a recently recognized disorder, characterized by the occurrence of symptoms following gluten ingestion. It is often self-diagnosed by the patient, but should be confirmed by the response to a gluten-free diet, followed by a gluten challenge. Celiac disease (CD) and wheat allergy (WA) must first be ruled out. Eighty six percent of patients reporting gluten-related symptoms have neither NCGS, nor CD, nor WA. Self-perceived gluten-related symptoms are rarely indicative of the presence of NCGS

Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a recently recognized disorder, characterized by the occurrence of symptoms following gluten ingestion. It is often Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a recently recognized disorder,

self-diagnosed by the patient, but should be confirmed by the response to a gluten-free diet, followed by a gluten challenge. Celiac disease (CD) and wheat allergy self-diagnosed by the patient, but should be confirmed by the response to a gluten-free diet, followed by a gluten challenge. Celiac disease (CD) and wheat allergy self-diagnosed by the patient, but should be confirmed by the response to a gluten-free diet, followed by a gluten challenge. Celiac disease (CD) and wheat allergy self-diagnosed by the patient, but should be confirmed by the response to a gluten-free diet, followed by a gluten challenge. Celiac disease (CD) and wheat allergy free diet, followed by a gluten challenge. Celiac disease (CD) and wheat allergy free diet, followed by a gluten challenge. Celiac disease (CD) and wheat allergy (WA) must first be ruled out. Eighty six percent of patients reporting gluten-free diet, followed by a gluten challenge. Celiac disease (CD) and wheat allergy free diet, followed by a gluten challenge. Celiac disease (CD) and wheat allergy free diet, followed by a gluten challenge. Celiac disease (CD) and wheat allergy free diet, followed by a gluten challenge. Celiac disease (CD) and wheat allergy free diet, followed by a gluten challenge. Celiac disease (CD) and wheat allergy (WA) must first be ruled out. Eighty six percent of patients reporting gluten-free diet, followed by a gluten challenge. Celiac disease (CD) and wheat allergy free diet, followed by a gluten challenge. Celiac disease (CD) and wheat allergy free diet, followed by a gluten challenge. Celiac disease (CD) and wheat allergy

Eighty six percent of patients reporting gluten-free diet, followed by a gluten challenge. Celiac disease (CD) and wheat allergy

Eighty six percent of patients reporting gluten-related symptoms have neither NCGS, nor CD, nor WA. Self-perceived gluten-related symptoms have neither NCGS, nor CD, nor WA. Self-perceived gluten-related symptoms have neither NCGS, nor CD, nor WA. Self-perceived gluten-

NOTE: NCGS was diagnosed on the basis of the disappearance of the symptoms within 6 months of a gluten-free diet, followed by their reappearance with the reintroduction of gluten in the diet for 1 month.

related symptoms are rarely indicative of the presence of NCGSrelated symptoms are rarely indicative of the presence of NCGSrelated symptoms are rarely indicative of the presence of NCGSrelated symptoms are rarely indicative of the presence of NCGSrelated symptoms are rarely indicative of the presence of NCGS

Gluten Gobbling Gen X’ers(35-49 yo, ’65 - ’80)

US retail sales* of gluten-free products rose 11% in 2015 and are predicted to rise a more modest 6% to $1.66bn in 2016.

According to a new report from Packaged Facts, which predicts that as the market matures, growth rates are “expected to slow considerably.”http://www.foodnavigator-usa.com/Manufacturers/US-gluten-free-retail-sales-11-in-2015-6-in-2016-Packaged-Facts Group Speak Become Group Think

Gluten Dairy Sugar Vegan Colors Flavors

Unnecessary Elimination Diets Compared to traditional cultures, the gut

microbiomes of humans in industrialized societies

show a substantial decrease in alpha diversity, loss of

bacterial taxa involved in fiber processing, and an emergence of bacterial

lineages associated with consumption of

agricultural products. Antibiotic use is

suspected to be part of the decline of the

microbiome The diversity. Bacteroidetes vs.

Firmicutes ratio is lower in the Western countries

due to lower fiber and polyphenol rich

foods (more plant and less animal foods and

fat).

Fecal chromogranin A (CgA), a protein

secreted by enteroendocrine

cells, was exclusively

associated with 61 microbial species whose abundance

collectively accounted for 53%

of microbial composition. Low

CgA concentrations were seen in

individuals with a more diverse microbiome.

Environment-Diet-Microbe-Host Interactions

Dysbiosis

Low Polyphenol & Fiber IntakeAntibiotic Use

Elimination Diets

Training Low CHO vs. Ketogenic Diet

Training Low = lowering carb feed rates to <3 g / kg / d for five days or more while fat intake is increased to compensate for lower carb calories with the idea that intramuscular triglyceride stores go up along with enzymes necessary for fat oxidation. Low Carbohydrate, High Fat (LCHF).

LCHF (fat adaptation): • Changes in utilization of muscle glycogen, rather than blood glucose or exogenous glucose, account for the change in carbohydrate use.

• Down-regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity explains at least part of the impairment of glycogen utilization as an exercise fuel and possibly a short term decrease in metabolic flexibility.

• Fat-adaptation strategies may actually impair exercise performance, particularly involving shorter high-intensity events or high-intensity phases during a longer event, which require power outputs or intensities of 85–90 % maximum level or above. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs40279-015-0393-9

• Fat-adaptation strategies may actually impair exercise performance, particularly involving shorter high-intensity events or high-intensity phases during a longer event, which require power outputs or intensities of 85–90 % maximum level or above. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs40279-015-0393-9

“ketogenic adaptation,” in which carb intake is reduced to 50 grams per day or ~10% of total kcals. Researchers theorize that after successful ketogenic adaptation occurs, glycogen stores level off around 50% of capacity, which in theory would not inhibit high performance energy demands. That’s because keto-adapted muscles have the ability to utilize fatty acids, and because the brain can utilize ketones with great efficiency.

“because muscle glycogen stores require many days for repletion, whereas even very lean individuals maintain appreciable caloric stores as fat, there is potential benefit in this keto-adapted state for athletes participating in prolonged endurance exercise over two or more days”. However, they also commented on the results of VO2max tests undertaken during each dietary phase with respect to the ketogenic diet: “… the price paid for the conservation of CHO during exercise appears to be a limitation of the intensity of exercise that can be performed … there was a marked attenuation of respiratory quotient [RQ] value at VO2max suggesting a severe restriction on the ability of subjects to do anaerobic work”endurance at sub-maximal intensities was preserved at the expense of ability to undertake high-intensity exercise. Both Training Low & Keto increase risk for unexplained underperformance syndrome (UUPS) in athletes who train chronically.

The current focus of the LCHF diet movement appears to lie in ketogenic adaptation, or chronic adaptation to a carbohydrate-restricted diet (<50 g/day carbohydrate) with high fat intakes (>80 % of energy). Additionally recommended characteristics include maintenance of moderate protein intake at ~15 % of energy or ~1.5 g/kg/day, with the note that intake should not exceed 25 % of energy intake or ketosis will be suppressed, and the need to ensure adequate intake of sodium and potassium at 3–5 and 2–3 g/day, respectively [6]. Many of the theorized benefits from the LCHF diet are claimed to come from the adaptation to high circulating levels of ketone bodies, which provide an additional fuel source for the brain and muscle as well as achieve other health and functional benefits [5, 6]. The amount of energy that can be

Researchers theorize that after successful ketogenic adaptation occurs, glycogen stores level off around “ketogenic adaptation,” in which carb intake is reduced to 50 grams per day or ~10% of total kcals. Researchers theorize that after successful ketogenic adaptation occurs, glycogen stores level off around

Training Low CHO vs. Ketogenic Diet

VO2max suggesting a VO2max suggesting a V severe restriction on the ability of subjects to do anaerobic work

syndrome (UUPS) in athletes who train chronically.

O2max suggesting a severe restriction on the ability of subjects to do anaerobic workendurance at sub-maximal intensities was preserved at the expense of ability to undertake high-intensity exercise. Both Training Low & Keto increase risk for unexplained underperformance syndrome (UUPS) in athletes who train chronically.

B. Both Training Low & Keto increase risk for unexplained underperformance B. Both Training Low & Keto increase risk for unexplained underperformance

3 g / kg or 1.4 g / lb. 50 g / day = 35 lbs.

2 Slices Bread1 Sm. Fruit

1 C. Milk

Quintuple Anvil Triathlon: five Ironman-length races

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/06/sports/virginia-quintuple-anvil-triathlon.html

At the beginning of the race, the tables and their goods were neatly arranged — water, electrolyte and muscle-recovery drinks, crackers, soups, cereal, cookies, doughnuts.

By the middle of the race, the food game intensified: pizzas, fast-food burgers, hot dogs — real food loaded with calories and carbohydrates to sustain long periods of exercise.

Thyroid

• Registered Dietitian (R.D.) via Academy of Nutrition & Dietetics

• Certified Strength & Conditioning Specialist (C.S.C.S.)via National Strength & Conditioning Association (Nutrition SIG Co-Founder)

• Master Level V Certified Hockey Coach via USA Hockey

• Advisor: USADA, USA Hockey, MLB/PA, MLB Strength & Coaches Society • American Egg Board, NSF

!"#$%&'$"'!())*))[email protected] • facebook.com/dave.r.ellis • http://twitter.com/fuelingtactics

www.sportsrd.org

Making Nutrition “Coachable” For Over 3 Decades!

Dave Ellis, RD, CSCSPast President / Ambassador3

www.sportsrd.org

#fuelingtactics

Thank You MAND & Go Gophers!

Documents

, RD, CSCS #fuelingtactics The Evolving Demands of a Sports RD … · 2017. 7. 12. · are trying to use realtime monitoring to dial in individual loads and minimize non-functional