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FUNCTION OF BONES
Provide shape and support
Protection of internal organs
Storing minerals and fat
Producing blood cells and platelets
Assisting with movement
BONE TISSUE Composed of: inorganic salts (calcium),
bone cells, blood vessels, nerves, collagen
Needs food and oxygen
Continue to grow throughout life, replacing damaged bone
COMPONENTS OF BONE Osteoblasts (build up bone) Osteoclasts (clean up bone and debris) Cartilage Aponeurosis Dense (compact bone) Spongy (cancelous bone)
SHAPES OF BONES
Long: femur, humerus, tibia, fibula
Short: small cubed-shaped: carpals, tarsals, toes
Flat: usually cover organs: scapula, pelvis,
skull,ribs
Irregular: bones of ear, vertebrae, bones of face
Sesamoid: patella (knee cap)
THORAX Ribs
True ribs: first 7False ribs: lower 5 ( last 2 are called floating ribs) Intercostal space: contains muscles, blood vessels,
nerves Sternum Vertebral bones = 26 bones
true
false
ARTICULATIONS (JOINTS) Joints are named by the bones they join
Synarthrosis (immovable): cranial bones
Amphiarthrosis (slightly movable): ribs
connected to sternum
Diarthrosis (freely movable, synovial)
Synovial joints contain a bursa: fluid filled sac
6 TYPES OF DIARTHROSIS(MOVABLE) JOINTS
1. Ball and socket: shoulder, hip
2. Hinge: elbow, ankle, knee
3. Gliding: in between the carpal bones
4. Pivot: Radius on ulna
5. Saddle: Thumb (thumb touching finger tips)
6. Gomphosis: (teeth)