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{ Physical & Other Health Impairments Fidelis Harris Velasquez There are many disabilities that fall under the category physical and other health impairments this disability category includes students with many types of disorders. 1

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Orthopedic Impairments, the federal definition according to IDEA: "a severe... impairment that adversely affects a childs educational performance. The term includes impairments caused by congenital anomaly (e.g., clubfoot, absence of some member, etc.), impairments caused by disease (e.g., poliomyelitis, bone tuberculosis, etc.), and impairments from other causes (e.g., cerebral palsy, amputations, and fractures or burns that cause contractures)." Neurological Disorders- These conditions occur because of a problem in the central nervous system (the brain, the spinal cord, and their nerve endings. Orthopedic Impairments 2

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Cerebral Palsy- This term literally means paralysis of the brain. This disability is a group of conditions involving muscle control, posture, and movement. This disorder is not progressive, it does not get worse over time. Cerebral Palsy- This term literally means paralysis of the brain. This disability is a group of conditions involving muscle control, posture, and movement. This disorder is not progressive, it does not get worse over time. Spastic Cerebral Palsy- 80% of those with CP have a type in which students muscles are stiff. Spastic Cerebral Palsy- 80% of those with CP have a type in which students muscles are stiff. Athetoid Cerebral Palsy- students cannot control their muscles, and so they may have sudden and unexpected twisting motions or other movements. Athetoid Cerebral Palsy- students cannot control their muscles, and so they may have sudden and unexpected twisting motions or other movements. Mixed Cerebral Palsy- Students may have cerebral palsy that involves several of these characteristics Mixed Cerebral Palsy- Students may have cerebral palsy that involves several of these characteristics Cerebral Palsy 3

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Spina Bifida Occulta and Meningocele- Generally do not lead to significant disabilities. Myelomeningocele- This occurs when the spinal cord and its covering protrude from the opening in the spine, and is nearly always severe. Students with this condition usually are paralyzed in their lower bodies and legs. They also are likely to have various seizure disorders as well as bladder and bowel problems. Mixed Cerebral Palsy 4

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Spinal Cord Injury- These injuries occur when there is a break, severe bruise, or other damage to the spinal cord that affects motor and sensory functions. After such an injury the brain cannot communicate with the body, which results in paralysis. Mixed Cerebral Palsy 5

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Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy- This occurs when a protein called dystrophin, used by the body to keep muscles working properly, is missing or significantly deficient. Musculoskeletal Disorders 6

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Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis- An autoimmune disorder, this form of arthritis is diagnosed when symptoms last for more than six weeks in children who are 16 years old or younger. The symptoms are redness, swelling, and soreness in one joint or several joints. Musculoskeletal Disorders 7

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