Summary of Foreign Exchange Management Act,

1999

(Source: Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 issued by Govt, of India)

Introduction:

The Foreign Exchange Regulation Act of 1973 (FERA)in India was repealed on 1st June,

2000. It was replaced by the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA), which was

passed in the winter session of Parliament in 1999. Enacted m 1973, in the backdrop of

acute shortage of Foreign Exchange in the country, FERA had a controversial 27 year

stint during which many bosses of the Indian Corporate world found themselves at the

mercy of the Enforcement Directorate (E.D.). Any offense under FERA was a criminal

offense liable to imprisonment, whereas FEMA seeks to make offenses relating to foreign

exchange civil offenses.

FEMA, which has replaced FERA, had become the need of the hour smce FERA had

become incompatible with the pro-liberalisation policies of the Government of India.

FEMA has brought a new management regime of Foreign Exchange consistent with the

emerging frame work of the World Trade Organisation (WTO). It is another matter that

enactment of FEMA also brought with it Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002

which came into effect recently from 1st July, 2005 and the heat of which is yet to be felt

as “Enforcement Directorate” would be invesitigating the cases under PMLA too.

Unlike other laws where everything is permitted unless specifically prohibited, under

FERA nothing was permitted unless specifically permitted. Hence the tenor and tone of

the Act was very drastic. It provided for imprisonment of even a very minor offence.

Under FERA, a person was presumed guilty unless he proved himself innocent whereas

under other laws, a person is presumed innocent unless he is proven guilty.

Objectives and Extent of FEMA

The object of the Act is to consolidate and amend the law relating to foreign exchange

with the objective of facilitating external trade and payments and for promoting the

orderly development and maintenance of foreign exchange market in India.

FEMA extends to the whole of India. It applies to all branches, offices and agencies

outside India owned or controlled by a person who is a resident of India and also to any

contravention there under committed outside India by any person to whom this Act

applies.

Except with the general or special permission of the Reserve Bank of India, no person

can

• deal in or transfer any foreign exchange or foreign security to any person not

being an authorized person;

• make any payment to or for the credit of any person resident outside India in any

manner;

• receive otherwise through an authorized person, any payment by order or on

behalf of any person resident outside India in any manner;

• reasonable restrictions for current account transactions as may be prescribed.

• Any person may sell or draw foreign exchange to or from an authorized person

for a capital account transaction. The Reserve Bank may, in consultation with the

Central Government, specify

• any class or classes of capital account transactions which are permissible;

• the limit up to which foreign exchange shall be admissible for such transactions

However, the Reserve Bank cannot impose any restriction on the drawing of foreign

exchange for payments due on account of amortization of loans or for depreciation of

direct investments in the ordinary course of business.

The Reserve Bank can, by regulations, prohibit, restrict or regulate the following

• transfer or issue of any foreign security by a person resident in India;

• transfer or issue of any security by a person resident outside India;

• transfer or issue of any security or foreign security by any branch, office or

agency in India of a person resident outside India;

• any borrowing or lending in foreign exchange in whatever form or by whatever

name called;

• any borrowing or tending in rupees in whatever form or by whatever name called

between a person resident in India and a person resident outside India;

• deposits between persons resident in India and persons resident outside India;

• export, import or holding of currency or currency notes;

• transfer of immovable property outside India, otner than a lease not exceeding

five years, by a person resident in India;

• acquisition or transfer of immovable property in India, other than a lease not

exceeding five years, by a person resident outside India;

• giving of a guarantee or surety in respect of any debt, obligation or other liability

incurred

(i) by a person resident in India and owed to a person resident outside

India or

(ii) by a person resident outside India.

A person, resident in India may hold, own, transfer or invest in foreign currency, foreign

security or any immovable property situated outside India if such currency, security or

property was acquired, held or owned by such person when he was resident outside India

or inherited from a person who was resident outside India

A person resident outside India may hold, own, transfer or invest in Indian currency,

security or any immovable property situated in India if such currency, security or

property was acquired, held or owned by such person when he was resident in India or

inherited from a person who was resident in India.

The Reserve Bank may, by regulation, prohibit, restrict, or regulate establishment in India

of a branch, office or other place of business by a person resident outside India, for

carrying on any activity relating to such branch, office or other place of business. Every

exporter of goods and services must

• furnish to the Reserve Bank or to such other authority a declaration in such form

and in such manner as may be specified, containing true and correct material

particulars, including the amount representing the full export value or, if the full

export value of the goods is not ascertainable at the time of export, the value

which the exporter, having regard to the prevailing market conditions, expects to

receive on the sale of the goods in a market outside India;

• furnish to the Reserve Bank such other information as may be required by the

Reserve Bank for the purpose of ensuring the realization of the export proceeds

by such exporter.

The Reserve Bank may, for the purpose of ensuring that the full export value of the goods

or such reduced value of the goods as the Reserve Bank determines, having regard to the

prevailing market-conditions, is received without any delay, direct any exporter to

comply with such requirements as it deems fit.

Where any amount of foreign exchange is due or has accrued to any person resident in

India, such person shall take all reasonable steps to realize and repatriate to India such

foreign exchange within such period and in such manner as may be specified by the

Reserve Bank.

Contraventions and Penalties

If any person contravenes any provision of this Act, or contravenes any rule, regulation,

notification, direction or order issued in exercise of the powers under this Act, or

contravenes any condition subject to which an authorization is issued by the Reserve

Bank, he shall, upon adjudication, be liable to a penalty up to thrice the sum involved in

such contravention where such amount is quantifiable, or up to two lakh rupees where the

amount is not quantifiable, and where such contravention is a continuing one, further

penalty which may extend to five thousand rupees for every day after the first day during

which the contravention continues.

Any Adjudicating Authority adjudging any contravention may, if he thinks fit in addition

to any penalty which he may impose for such contravention direct that any currency,

security or any other money or property in respect of which the contravention has taken

place shall be confiscated to the Central Government and further direct that the foreign

exchange holdings, if any, of the persons committing the contraventions or any part

thereof, shall be brought back into India or shall be retained outside India in accordance

with the directions made in this behalf.

"Property” in respect of which contravention has taken place, shall include deposits in a

bank, where the said property is converted into such deposits, Indian currency, where the

said property is converted into that currency; and any other property which has resulted

out of the conversion of that property.

If any person fails to make full payment of the penalty imposed on him within a period of

ninety days from the date on which the notice for payment of such penalty is served on

him, he shall be liable to civil imprisonment.

Investigation

The Directorate of Enforcement investigate to prevent leakage of foreign exchange which

generally occurs through the following malpractices :

• Remittances of Indians abroad otherwise than through normal banking channels,

i.e. through compensatory payments.

• Acquisition of foreign currency illegally by person in India.

• Non-repatriation of the proceeds of the exported goods.

• Unauthorised maintenance of accounts in foreign countries.

• Under-invoicing of exports and over-invoicing of imports and any other type of

invoice manipulation.

• Siphoning off of foreign exchange against fictitious and bogus imports.

• Illegal acquisition of foreign exchange through Hawala.

• Secreting of commission abroad.

Organisational Set Up and Functions Of Enforcement Directorate

Directorate of Enforcement has to detect cases of violation and also perform substantially

adjudicatory functions to curb above malpractices.

The Enforcement Directorate, with its Headquarters at New Delhi has seven zonal offices

at Bombay, Calcutta, Delhi, Jalandhar, Madras, Ahmedabad and Bangalore. The zonal

offices are headed by the Deputy Directors. The Directorate has nme sub-zonal offices

at Agra, Srinagar, Jaipur, Varanasi, Trivandrum, Calicut, Hyderabad, Guwahati and Goa,

which are headed by the Assistant Directors. The Directorate has also a Unit at Madurai,

which is headed by a Chief Enforcement Officer. Besides, there are three Special

Directors of Enforcement and one Additional Director of Enforcement.

The main functions of the Directorate are as under:

• To collect and develop intelligence relating to violation of the provisions of

Foreign Exchange Regulation Act and while working out the same, depending

upon the circumstances of the case:

• To conduct searches of suspected persons, conveyances and premises for seizing

incriminating materials (including Indian and foreign currencies involved) and/or.

• To enquire into and investigate suspected violations of provisions of the Foreign

Exchange Management Act.

• To adjudicate cases of violations of Foreign Exchange Management Act for

levying penalties departmentally and also for confiscating the amounts involved

in contravent ions;

• To realise the penalties imposed in departmental adjudication.

Procedural Provisions

For enforcing the provisions of various sections of FEMA, 1999, the officers of

Enforcement Directorate of the level of Assistant Director and above will have to

undertake the following functions

• Collection and development of intelligence/information.

• Keeping surveillance over suspects.

• Searches of persons/vehicles by provisions of Income-tax Act, 1961.

• Searches of premises as per provisions of Income-tax Act, 1961.

• Summoning of persons for giving evidence and producing of documents as per

provisions of Income-tax Act, 1961.

• Power to examine persons as per provisions of Income-tax Act, 1961.

• Power to call for any information/document as per provisions of Income-tax Act,

1961.

• Power to seize documents etc. as per provisions of Income-tax Act, 1961.

• Custody of documents as per Income-tax Act, 1961.

Adjudication and appeals

Officers of and above the rank of Dy Director of Enforcement, are cases of contravention

of the provisions of the Act; these proceedings which are quasi-judicial in nature, start

with the issuance of show cause notice; in the event of cause shown by the Notice-not

being found satisfactory, further proceedings are held, vis. personal hearing, in which the

noticee has a further right to present his defence, either in person or through any

authorised representative; on conclusion of these proceedings, the adjudicating authority

has to examine and consider the evidence on record, in its entirety and in case the charges

not being found proved, the noticee is acquitted, and in the event of charges being found

substantiated, such penalty, as is considered appropriate as per provisions of section 13 of

the Act can be imposed, besides confiscation of amounts involved in these

contraventions.

Popular Exchange Rates Here 1-1-2007 (Source : Federal Reserve Bank of America)

Country Currency $ US £ Stg C Euro ¥ Yen (xlO O )

Afghanistan Afghani 49.1700 98.4654 66.9105 4157.61

Albania Lek 92.9400 186.117 126.468 7858.62

Algeria Dinar 70.0550 140.289 95.3274 5923.56

Andorra Euro 0.73490 1.47170 1.00000 62.1

Angola Readj Kwanza 79.9660 160.136 108.818 6761.59

Antigua E Carib $ 2.70000 5.40690 3.67400 228.3

Argentina Peso 3.08630 6.18040 4.19970 260.96

Armenia Dram 359.750 720.417 489.548 30419

Aruba Guilder 1.79000 3.58460 2.43580 151.36

Australia A$ 1.19770 2.39840 1.62980 101.27

Austria Euro 0.73490 1.47170 1.00000 62.1

Azerbaijan New Manat 0.86820 1.73860 1.18140 73.41

Azores Euro 0.73490 1.47170 1 .00000 62.1

Bahamas Bahama $ 1 .0 0 0 0 0 2.00260 1.36080 84.56

Bahrain Dinar 0.37700 0.75500 0.51300 31.88

Balearic Is Euro 0.73490 1.47170 1.00000 62.1

Bangladesh Taka 69.0650 138.306 93.9802 5839.85

Barbados Barb $ 2.00000 4.00510 2.72150 169.11

Belarus Rouble 2145.11 4295.68 2918.95 181381

Belgium Euro 0.73490 1.47170 1.00000 62.1

Belize B $ 1.97000 3.94500 2.68070 166.58

Benin CFA Fr 482.056 965.340 655.957 40760.6

Bermuda Bermudian $ 1 .00000 2.00260 1.36080 84.56

Bhutan Ngultrum 42.0725 84.2523 57.2502 3557.48

Bolivia Boliviano 7.99500 16.0104 10.8792 676.02

Bosnia Herzegovina Marka 1.43740 2.87830 1.95580 121.54

Botswana Pula 6.12930 12.2744 8.34050 518.27

Brazil Real 2.03300 4.07120 2.76640 171.9

Brunei Brunei $ 1.51240 3.02870 2.05800 127.88

Bulgaria Lev 1.43750 2.87870 1.95610 121.55

Burkina Faso CFA Fr 482.056 965.34C 655.957 40760.6

Burma Kyat 6.42000 12.8564 8.73630 542.85

Burundi Burundi Fr 1049.84 2102.36 1428.57 88770.1

Cambodia Riel 3987.00 7984.17 5425.51 337124

Cameroon CFA Fr 482.056 965.340 655.957 40760.6

Canada Canadian $ 1.12780 2.25840 1.53460 95.36

Canary Is Euro 0.73490 1.47170 1.00000 62.1

Cp. Verde CV Escudo 81.5000 163.208 110.905 6891.3

Cayman Is Cl $ 0.85840 1.71900 1.16810 72.58

Cent. Afr. Rep CFA Fr 482.056 965.340 655.957 40760.6

Chad CFA Fr 482.056 965.340 655.957 40760.6

Chile Chilean Peso 530.050 1061.45 721.266 44818.8China Yuan 7.71650 15.4527 10.5003 652.48

Colombia Col Peso 2139.50 4284.46 2911.32 180907

Comoros Fr 361.542 724.005 491.968 30570.5

Congo CFA Fr 482.056 965.340 655.957 40760.6

Congo (DemRep) Congo Fr 567.000 1135.45 771.547 47943.2

Costa Rica

Cote d'Ivoire

Croatia

Cuba

Cuba (Converted)

Cyprus

Czech Rep.

Denmark

Djibouti Rep

Dominica

Dominican Rep

Ecuador

Egypt

El Salvador

Equat'l Guinea

Eritrea

Estonia

Ethiopia

Falkland Is

Faroe Is

Fiji Is

Finland

France

Fr. Cty/AfricaFr. Guiana

Fr. Pacific Is

Gabon

Gambia

GeorgiaGermany

Ghana

Gibraltar

Greece

Greenland

Grenada

Guadeloupe

Guam

Guatemala

Guinea

Guinea-Bissau

Guyana

Haiti

HondurasHong Kong

Hungary

Iceland

India

Indonesia

Iran

Iraq

Colon

CFA Fr

Kuna

Cuban Peso

Conv Peso

Cyprus £

Koruna

Danish Krone

Djib Fr

E Carib $

D Peso

Sucre

Egyptian £

Colon

CFA Fr

Nakfa

Kroon

Ethiopian Birr

Falk £Danish Krone

Fiji $Euro

Euro

CFA Fr

Euro

CFP Fr

CFA Fr

Dalasi

Lari

Euro

Cedi

Gib £

Euro

Danish Krone

E Carib $

Euro

US $

Quetzal

Fr

CFA Fr

Guyanese $

Gourde

Lempira

HK $

Forint

Icelandic Krona

Indian Rupee

Rupiah

Rial

New Iraqi Dinar

518.800 1038.92

482.056 965.340

5.45640 10.9266

1.00000 2.00260

0.82000 1.84230

0.42740 0.85580

20.5938 41.2401

5.47670 10.9673

175.750 351.948

2.70000 5.40690

31.9500 63.9815

25000.0 50063.8

5.68850 11.3915

8.75200 17.5263

482.056 965.340

13.5000 27.0344

11.4985 23.0262

8.88950 17.8016

0.49940 l.OOOCO5.47670 10.9673

1.60570 3.21540

0.73490 1.47170

0.73490 1.47170

482.056 965.340

0.73490 1.47170

87.6355 175.494

482.056 965.340

27.4000 54.8699

1.68900 3.38220

0.73490 1.47170

9251.08 18525.8

0.49940 1.000000.73490 1.47170

5.47670 10.9673

2.70000 5.40690

0.73490 1.47170

1.00000 2.00260

7.63500 15.2895

5847.50 11709.9

482.056 965.340

202.445 405.406

36.1500 72.3922

18.8950 37.8382

7.81400 15.6479

180.970 362.402

64.9950 130.156

42.0725 84.2523

9102.50 18228.2

9245.00 18513.6

1271.00 2545.24

705.957 43867.6655.957 40760.6

7.42480 461.37

1.36080 84.56

1.25190 77.79

0.58150 36.13

28.0230 1741.33

7.45240 463.08

239.161 14860.7

3.67400 228.3

43.4760 2701.56

34018.8 2113900

7.74070 481

11.9093 740.03655.957 40760.6

18.3708 1141.5

15.6465 972,26

12.0964 751.66

0.67950 42,19

7.45240 463.08

2.18490 135.77

1.00000 62.1

1.00000 62.1

655.957 40760.6

1.00000 62.1

119.250 7410.1

655.957 40760.6

37.2846 2316.83

2.29820 142.81

1.00000 62.1

12588.4 782233

0.67950 42,19

1.00000 62.1

7.45240 463.08

3.67400 228.3

1.00000 62.1

1.36080 84.56

10.3894 645.58

7957.01 494440

655.957 40760.6

275.487 17117.9

49.1911 3056.69

25.7114 1597.68

10.6328 660.72

246.255 15302.1

88.4420 5495.71

57.2502 3557.48

12386.2 769670

12580.1 781719

1729.58 107471

62 1344 7362 1573510059 94102795791 23101 271186578573 524 453217.3581376643 67127848596 864904 24107 17101 78214 5662 1680 363802 5715642862 111856 5289 821082.3240760 626 6862 12 2 9 3 1 62690.99931 071053 5762 198418 8228 3696 472202.68596 86101 275691.96151 3662 1113 561544 5840760 610823 2

Euro 0.73490 1 47170 1 00000Shekel 4 07700 8 16440 5 54780Euro 0 73490 1 47170 1 00000Jam aican $ 67 8250 135 823 92 2930Yen 118.265 236 832 160 929Jordanian Dinar 0 70890 1.41950 0 96460Tenge 121 565 243 440 165 420Kenya Shilling 68 4900 137 155 93 1978Australian $ 1 19770 2 39840 1 62980Won 142 450 248 100 170 600Won 929 250 1860 87 1264 48Kuwaiti Dinar 0 28920 0 57910 0 39350Som 38 0500 76 1970 51 7766New Kip 9624 00 19272 5 13096 3Lats 0 51650 1 03420 0 70280Lebanese £ 1512 00 3027 86 2057 45Maloti 7 05880 14 1355 9 60520Liberian $ 58 0000 116 148 78 9264Libyan Dinar 1 26750 2 53820 1 72480Swiss Fr 1 20370 2 41040 1 63790Litas 2 53750 5 08140 3 45290Euro 0 73490 1 47170 1 00000Pataca 8.04630 16 1131 10 9490Denar 44 9711 90 0568 61 1944Ariary 1850 00 3704 72 2517 39

Euro 0 73490 1 47170 1 00000Kwacha 140 221 280 800 190 806Ringgit 3 42750 6 86380 4.66400Ruflya 12 8000 25 6327 17 4177CFA Fr 482 056 965 340 655 957Maltese Lira 0 31550 0 63180 0 42930Euro 0 73490 1 47170 1 00000Ouguiya 271 200 543 093 369 036Maur Rupee 31 8250 63 7312 43 3059Mexican Peso 11 0114 22 0508 14 9837Leu 12 4600 24 9518 16 9550Euro 0 73490 1 47170 1 00000Tugrik 1163 95 2330 87 1583 85

E Carib $ 2 70000 5 40690 3 67400Dirham 8 23680 16 4946 11 2083Metical 26 0500 52 1664 35 4488Dollar 7 05880 14 1355 9 60520Australian $ 1 19770 2 39840 1 62980Nepalese Rupee 67 3160 134 804 91.6003A/Guilder 1 79000 3 58460 2 43580Euro 0 73490 1 47170 1 00000NZ $ 1 34300 2 68950 1 82750Gold Cordoba 18 2670 36 5806 24 8569CFA Fr 482 056 965 340 655.957Naira 128 000 256 326 174 176

Norway Nor. Krone 5.95890 11.9329 8.10850 503.86

Oman Rial Om ani 0.38500 0 .77090 0.52380 32.55

Pakistan Pak. Rupee 60.6950 121.545 82 .5907 5132.12

Panama Balboa 1.00000 2.00260 1.36080 84.56

Papua New Guinea K ira 2.96670 5.94100 4.03700 250.85

Paraguay Guarani 5025.00 10062.8 6837.77 424893

Peru New Sol 3.17850 6.36510 4.32520 268.76

Philippines Peso 47.7200 95 .5617 64.9350 4035.01

Pitcairn Is £ S terling 0 .49940 1.00000 0.67950 42.19

Poland Z lo ty 2 .80250 5.61200 3.81340 236.96

Portugal Euro 0 .73490 1.47170 1.00000 62.1

Puerto Rico US $ 1.00000 2.00260 1.36080 84.56

Q atar Rival 3 .63960 7.28850 4.95260 307.75

Reunion Is . de la Euro 0 .73490 1.47170 1.00000 62.1

Romania New Leu 2.45180 4 .90990 3.33630 207.31

Russia Rouble 25.7368 51.5393 35.0214 2176.2

Rwanda Fr 546.628 1094.65 743.824 46220 .6

S t C hristopher SDR 0.65520 1.31210 0.89160 55.4

S t Helena E Carib $ 2 .70000 5.40690 3.67400 228.3

St Lucia £ 0 .49940 1.00000 0.67950 42.19

St Pierre & M iquelon E Carib $ 2 .70000 5.40690 3.67400 228.3

S t V incent Euro 0 .73490 1.47170 1.00000 62.1

San Marino E Carib $ 2.70000 5.40690 3.67400 228.3

Sao Tom e Euro 0.73490 1.47170 1.00000 62.1

Saudi Arabia Dobra 13250.0 26533.8 18030.6 1120370

SDR Riyal 3.75070 7.51100 5.10380 317.14

Senegal C=A Fr 482.056 9 6 5 .34C 655.957 40760 .6

Serbia & M ontengro D inar 59.4667 119.085 80.9193 NaN

Seychelles Rupee 6 .12590 12.2675 8.33580 517.98

Sierra Leone Leone 2999.60 6006.85 4081.70 253633

Singapore $ 1.51240 3.02870 2.05800 127.88

Slovakia Koruna 24.6225 4 9 .3077 33.5050 2081.97

Slovenia Euro 0.73490 1.47170 1.00000 62.1

Solom on Is $ 7.18650 14.4234 9.80080 607.66

Som ali Rep Shilling 1357.00 2717.46 1846.61 114742

South Africa Rand 7.05880 14.1355 9.60520 596.86

Spain Euro 0.73490 1.47170 1.00000 62.1

Spanish Ports N Africa Euro 0.73490 1.47170 1.00000 62.1

Sri Lanka Rupee 110.300 220.881 150.091 9326.51

Sudan Rep D inar 200.510 401.531 272.844 16954.3

Surinam Dollar 2.74500 5.49700 3.73530 232.11

Swaziland Lilangeni 7.05880 14.1355 9.60520 596.86

Sweden Krona 6.76650 13.5502 9.20750 572.14

Sw itzerland Fr 1.20370 2.41040 1.63790 101.78

Syria £ 52.2100 104.553 71.0474 4414.66

Taiwan $ 33.1380 66 .3605 45 .0926 2802.01

Tajiks tan Som oni 3.43930 6 .89040 4.66940 290.81

Tanzania Shilling 1272.00 2547.24 1730.87 107555

Thailand Baht 34.7750 69 .6387 47.3201 2940.43

Togo Rep CFA Fr 482.056 965 .340 655.957 40760 .6

Tonga Is Pa'anga 1.94700 3.90100 2.65080 164.63

Trinidad/Tobago $ 6.28510 12.5862 8.55240 531.44

Tunisia Dinar 1.28910 2.58150 1.75420 109

T u rkey New Lira 1.35250 2.70850 1.84040 114.36

Turkmenistan Manat 5200.00 10413.3 7076.16 439691

Turks & Caicos US $ 1.00000 2.00260 1.36080 84.56

Tuvalu Australian $ 1.19770 2.39840 1.52980 101.27

Uganda New Shilling 1722.00 3448.39 2343.21 145605

Ukraine Hryvna 5.03180 10.0764 6.84700 425.46

U A E Dirham 3.67290 7.35520 4.99790 310.57

United Kingdom £ 0.49940 1.00000 0.67950 42.19

United States US $ 1.00000 2.00260 1 36080 84.56

Uruguay Peso Uruguay 24.0350 48.1313 32.7057 2032.3

Uzbekistan Sum 1253.31 2509.82 1705.44 105975

Vanuatu Vatu 102.505 205.272 139.484 8667.4

Vatican Euro 0.73490 1.47170 1.00000 62.1

Venezuela Bolivar 3239.92 6488.10 4408.72 273954

Vietnam Dong 16038.0 32116.9 21823.7 1356110

Virgin Is-British US $ 1.00000 2.00260 1.36080 84.56

Virgin Is-US US $ 1.00000 2.00260 1.36080 84.56

Western Samoa Tala 2.58330 5.18270 3.52170 218.43

Yemen (Rep of) Rial 198.815 398.137 270.538 16811

Zambia Kwacha 4010.00 8030.23 5456.61 339069

Zimbabwe $ 250.000 500.638 340.188 21139