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Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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Page 1: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

www.milieu.be

Publ

ic H

ealth

Environment

Energy & C

limate C

hange

Justice & Fundamental Rights

Health & Safety at Work

Cohesion Policy

Page 2: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

www.milieu.be

Towards a Comprehensive Noise Strategy

Dr Catherine Ganzleben 

Ms Monica Guarinoni

Dr Enda Murphy

Page 3: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

www.milieu.be

Towards a Comprehensive Noise Strategy

Presentation Outline

•Sources of exposure•Health effects of noise•Current EU legislative framework•END•Source legislation•Added value of further EU action on noise

Page 4: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

www.milieu.be

Sources of exposure

• Transport: road, rail, aviation• Construction and industry

– 800,000 exposed to >55dB in cities• Community sources

• Social and leisure sources• Indoor noise sources

Page 5: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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Sources of exposure in  agglomerations: Transport 

Data submitted under the 2007 END reporting round

Page 6: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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Sources of exposure outside agglomerations: Transport 

Data submitted under the 2007 END reporting round

Page 7: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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Health effects of noise

• Annoyance• Sleep disturbance• Cognitive impairment

• Cardiovascular disorders• Tinnitus ‐

ringing in the ears

• Mental health problems

• Premature death

Page 8: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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DALYs lost by disease attributable to noise  exposure in the EU

Page 9: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

www.milieu.be

Pyramid of health effects of noise

Page 10: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

www.milieu.be

Noise Impacts

• 1 in 3 annoyed by noise during the day• 1 in 5 suffers from disturbed sleep at night

• 1‐1.6 million healthy life years lost every year  in Western Europe from traffic noise

WHO, 2011, Burden of disease from environmental noise   

Page 11: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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Public Prioritisation of Noise

44% of Europeans believe noise affects human health  to a “large extent”

2010 Eurobarometer survey

Noise pollution is a major environmental and public  health burden, second only to air pollution 

WHO, 2011

Page 12: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

www.milieu.be

Current EU regulatory framework

• Directive 2002/49/EU, END• Legislation on sources:

Motor vehicles Outdoor machinery

Railway noise Recreational craft

Aircraft noise Household appliances

Page 13: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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Effectiveness of the END: 2011  Commission report on

implementation

• Ambitious data collection and reporting

• Completed 1st

round of Strategic Noise Maps and  Action Plans

• 2nd

round, 30% of maps reported

• Increased awareness of noise• Best practice in some Member States

Page 14: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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Effectiveness of the END

Little progress in reducing the proportion of the  EU population suffering from noise pollution

•Problems: 

– delays in implementation

– poor quality of maps and action plans

– inconsistencies in mapping

– inconsistencies in designating quiet areas – confusion regarding requirements

Page 15: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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Recent progress

• CNOSSOS‐EU: common methodology for noise  assessment (revision of Annex II foreseen)

• Range of guidance on quiet areas• EEA ReportNet system 

Page 16: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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Improvement of the END

• Action planning:– Guidance is desirable– Enforcement on action plans requires common 

targets

– Mandatory harmonised

measures against  principles of subsidiarity & proportionality

• Synergies: air & noise– Data comparison remains superficial, further work 

required to facilitate synergies

Page 17: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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Improvement of the END: Limit values

• Long term goal to achieve objective

• Subsidiarity issues v health impacts

• Implementation challenges

Page 18: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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Improvement of the END:  Trigger values

• Thresholds for triggering mandatory action in  noise hot spots

• More politically acceptable

Page 19: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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Improvement of the END:  Target values

• Non‐binding, soft instrument

• Less impact

• More politically acceptable

Page 20: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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Limit, trigger or target values

• Must be linked to strong source legislation

• Otherwise:– Costs fall on local authorities/tax payers – Against the polluter pays principle– Mitigation measures at the receiver are less cost‐

effective

– Limited mitigation measures for urban areas

– Failure to achieve would lead to fines• Unrealistic in the current climate

Page 21: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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Improving EU legislation on  road noise

• Noise abatement at source is most effective

• Need for stricter and more ambitious targets  for reductions in permissible noise levels from 

motor vehicles 

• Test method must reflect real‐world driving  conditions – i.e. method B

Page 22: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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Proposal COM (2011) 856 final for Regulation  on the sound level of motor vehicles

• Proposed to lower the limits over 3 phases:– 68dB passenger vehicles– 69dB for lightest minibuses & vans 

– 78dB for the heaviest vehicles• Emphasis on actions on asphalt and tyres

• Testing methods –

methods

Page 23: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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Proposal COM (2011) 856 final for Regulation  on the sound level of motor vehicles

• Not ambitious on noise limit values

• Impact of change in test methods

• Measures on asphalt and tyre approval – less cost‐effective  than noise limit values for vehicles

• For asphalt, costs fall on local authorities rather than car  manufacturers and users

COM(2011)856 final is estimated to result in a noise  reduction of Lden

by 1.7dB over 20 yrs

UBA, 2012 

Page 24: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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First reading outcome

• Retained existing limit values for heavy vehicles ‐ 81dB

• NEW Category: 74dB for sports cars

• Extended timeframe for phase‐in – 2 phases

• Road surface classification system 

• Labelling• AVAS in hybrid & electric vehicles

Page 25: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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Improving EU legislation on  sources of noise

• Railway noise:– Scope for noise reduction with revision of the TSI

• Aircraft noise:– Some reduction at source achieved, but limited 

impacts

– Further reductions technically unfeasible – Impact of meteorological conditions  

– Alternative strategies required

Page 26: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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1st

reading on proposal 2011/0398(COD)  on Noise‐related operating restrictions at  Union airports

Discussions on:–Common criteria for noise abatement

–Balanced approach ‐

ICAO

–Cost effectiveness–Role of COM in scrutinising operating restrictions

Page 27: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

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Improving EU legislation on  sources of noise

• Recreational crafts:– Further research to assess impacts

• Outdoor machinery: – Further research required to establish limits for 

specific types of machinery, in light of new  international standards

In line with the ‘knowledge‐based approach’

for policy‐making in  the 2002 Commission Declaration 

Page 28: Environment...Noise pollution is a major environmental and public health burden, second only to air pollution WHO, 2011 Current EU regulatory framework • Directive 2002/49/EU, END

www.milieu.be

Added value of further EU action on noise

• Mitigation of noise at source is the most cost‐ effective strategy 

• Policy mix of abatement at source and  mitigation at the receiver

• Improving synergies between the END and  source legislation