+

Nationalism & Imperialism

Chapters 10-13

+Bismarck Unites Germany

Napoleon divided up German lands

People demanded a unified German State

Bismarck willing to go to war to unite Germany

Make Germany strong again

+The Iron Chancellor Build strong ties with Austria & Prussia –alliances

Keep France weak and isolated

Disliked Catholics and Socialists Demanded loyalty to the state first Thought Socialists would cause the peasants to revolt—

threat to German unity

+Decline of the Hapsburg Empire Francis Joseph—18 years old when he takes

over

Nationalist feelings among several ethnic groups—increases tensions

Rule & Change NOTHING—can’t continue this way because of industrialization & growth of cities

+Formation of the Dual MonarchyOttoman Empire Collapses

Austria-Hungary sets up as 2 separate states with their own governments and constitutions

Francis Joseph is emperor of Austria-Hungary

Nationalism continues to increase—why is this significant???

+Imperialism

A stronger country dominates a weaker

country through economic, political, or humanitarian ways.

+Motives for Imperialism1. Economic: desire for new markets, access to

overseas natural resources

2. Political and Military: prestige around the world, further expand territories

3. Humanitarianism: spread Christianity and western ideals around the world

4. Social Darwinism: Survival of the fittest, achieve racial superiority

+Forms of Imperial Rule Direct Rule: sending officials to rule colonies

Protectorate: local rulers were expected to follow European leaders advice

Sphere of Influence: Area in which an outside power claimed exclusive investment or trading privileges.

+Africa: Scramble for Colonies

Berlin Conference: European powers met in Berlin, Germany to decide how to divide up Africa.

No African leaders were invited

New borders were drawn

No regard for traditions, customs, and culture of the African people

+

Egypt Seeks to Modernize

Suez Canal: Links the Mediterranean Sea and

Red Sea to the Indian Ocean Built by a French Family—de Lesseps British had financial control of the

canal

+China and Imperialism

Opium Wars

British merchants traded Opium (from India) for Tea with the Chinese

The Chinese became addicted to the drug and large amounts of silver flowed out of China

This disrupts the Chinese Economy

Forced the Chinese into a series of unequal treaties with Britain

+China

Open Door Policy—Keep trade open to the millions of Chinese consumers

Keep it open to all nations on an equal basis

+Japan Modernizes

The Meji Restoration-response to the “western world’s” power and influence

Centered around the emperor creates a strong show of Japan’s

unity.

Social and economic changes in Japan New constitution Industrialization took place National education system

put in place

Wanted to be recognized by the Western World as a world power

+First Sino-Japanese War

Qing Dynasty (China)

vs.

Meji (Japan) Fighting for control of

Korea

Japan prevails Weakened Qing

Dynasty First time in over 2,000

years that power in Asia shifted to Japan

+Russo-Japanese War

Russia

vs.

Japan

•Fighting for control of Manchuria and Korea

•Japan said Korea was vital for its national security

•Russia wanted warm water ports for trade and its navy

+U.S. Imperialism in Latin America

Monroe Doctrine Keep European powers OUT

of the Western Hemisphere Becomes the basis of the

U.S. Foreign policy until WWI

Panama Canal

•Shortcut between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans

•Panama wanted independence from Columbia

•U.S. agreed to support Panama’s rebels

IF

•Panama would give the U.S. control of the canal

•Panama gets control of the canal for $10 million