HezbollahFatahHamas

Hezbollah

Meaning- "Party of God“   A Shi'a Muslim militant group and

political party based in Lebanon. The United States, the Netherlands, the

United Kingdom, Australia, Canada and Israel classify Hezbollah as a terrorist organization, in whole or in part. Hezbolla’s

Secretary general- flag

Sheikh  Hassan Nasrallah

Hezbollah - foundation

Emerged in response to the 1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon

Was founded with an Iranian support and its forces were trained and organized by a group of the ”Iranian Revolutionary Guards”.

Also receives political and military support from Syria

Officially announced their existence in a letter to the Lebanese press in 1985 .

Hezbollah - 1985 manifesto  4 goals:

Israel's final departure from Lebanon as a prelude to its final obliteration

Ending any imperialist power in Lebanon Bringing the Phalangists to justice for

their crimes giving the people the chance to choose

with full freedom the system of government they want.

The conflict with Israel

1982–2000 -a guerrilla campaign against Israeli forces in Southern Lebanon

1993-  ”Operation Accountability” April 1996- operation “Grapes of

Wrath” October 7, 2000, kidnapping and

killing of three Israeli soldiers on the Israeli side of the Israeli-Lebanese border

The conflict with Israel

2006  kidnapping the Israeli soldiers Ehud Goldwasser and Eldad Regev 

2006- the second Lebanon war

Hezbollah

Hezbollah became a part of the Lebanese government for the first time on June 13, 2011.

Started as only a small militia, it has now grown to an organization with seats in the Lebanese government, a radio and television-stations, and programs for social development.

Fatah

reverse acronym of “ḥarakat al-taḥrīr al-waṭanī al-filasṭīnī (meaning : "Palestinian National Liberation Movement.“)

 a major Palestinian political party and the largest faction of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)

unlike Hamas, Fatah is not currently regarded as a terrorist organization by any government

Fatah- foundation

founded in 1959 by members of the Palestinian diaspora

The founders included Yasser Arafat who was head of the General Union of Palestinian Students (GUPS) in Cairo University and  Salah Khalaf, Khalil al-Wazir, Khaled Yashruti who were leading the GUPS in Beirut

Fatah- ideology

Palestine is part of the Arab World, and the Palestinian people are part of the Arab Nation

The Palestinian people have an independent identity.

liberating Palestine by a Palestinian armed struggle.

Fatah- structure

The two most important decision-making bodies are the Central Committee of Fatah and the Fatah Revolutionary Council.

Fatah joined the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in 1967. Founder Yasser Arafat became Chairman of the PLO in 1969

The head of Fatah is Abu Mazen.

Fatah- International relations In the 1960’s and the 1970’s, Fatah

provided training to a wide range of European, Middle Eastern, Asian, and African militant groups, and carried out numerous attacks against Israeli targets in Western Europe and the Middle East

Fatah received weapons, explosives and training from the USSR, some East European states and China

Hamas

Meaning - "enthusiasm“ A Palestinian Sunni-Islamic political party

and a military movement in the Gaza Strip and the west bank.

The European Union, the United States, Canada,Israel and Japan classify Hamas as a terrorist organization, while nations such as Russia and Turkey do not.

Hamas - foundation

Hamas was founded in 1987, during the First Intifada, as an offshoot of the “Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood”.

Founded by Sheikh Ahmed Yassin and Ahmad Taha

1988 manifest: to liberate Palestine from Israeli occupation and to establish an Islamic state in the area that is now Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip

Hamas - foundation

In more recent years, there have been some statements from a few Hamas leaders, saying that a recognition In an Israeli state is possible in certain terms

Hamas - structure

Hamas is built of three wings: The political wing The social welfare wing The military wing - Izz ad-Din al-Qassam

Brigades

Forms of action: Jihad daawa

Hamas- 2006 elections

Hamas, headed by Ismail Haniyeh, won the 2006 Palestinian elections, winning 76 of the 132 seats of parliament (to Fatah's 43)

the Hamas victory brought to an end 40 years of PLO domination of Palestinian politics

Today , Hamas govern the Gasa strip while the Palestinian authority is more dominant in the west bank