© Logicalis Group

iSeries New Workloads – Considering Consolidation

Mandy Shaw and Jonathan Woods

© Logicalis Group

Considering Consolidation

New Workloads Overview

What is “New Workloads” about ?

Goal – To consolidate IT server infrastructure onto an iSeries platform regardless of OS.

OS/400

Linux

PASE (AIX emulation) – available now

Native AIX – available 2004

Windows

Reducing the TCO by managing a single platform and single pool of storage

“i” stands for integrated

iSeries hypervisor controls multi-OS consolidation and aids management

What is wrong with OS/400 ?

OS/400 still represents the value it always has

Single level storage

Integrated DB2

Excellent work management capabilities

Ultimate resilience

The Operating System of choice where function is supported + efficient

Business Application choice is typically not made based on the OS available

A few scenarios OS/400 does not lend itself to

e.g. OS/400 Netserver - performance

Extensive manageability sometimes gets in the way !

The web is full of free Linux apps (as is Linux)

If ‘Open source’ is an acceptable approach

Unix is a stable and efficient OS

Support is still typically charged

Logicalis Approach

Data Collection exercise

Complete list of servers

Vendor, OS, CPU’s, Disk tot/used/type

Servers v/s Infrastructure apps

Windows Domain Controller

WINS, DNS

Firewall/Proxy server

File/print serving

Windows terminal services

Webserving

Email

Databases used (DB2, Oracle, SQL)

Servers v/s business applications

Current CPU workloads

iSeries performance collection

Windows collections too

High level decisions

iSeries has a consolidation sweet spot

Model Max IXA Model Max IXA

800 3270 2 810 7820 8 825 18830 16 870 60840 32 890 60

Model Max IXS Model Max IXS

800 4270 3 810 13820 12 825 36830 28 870 48840 32 890 48

Integrated xSeries Adapter (IXA)

Integrated xSeries Server (IXS)

Existing investment

Choice to consolidate on iSeries affected by

Existing technology investments

Scale of requirements

Examples

xSeries blade centres

FAStT SAN disk subsystem

IBM Enterprise Storage Server

OEM servers and time to write-off (or lease end)

Only certain IBM xSeries will attach to IXA

x235 (2w), x255 (4w), x360 (4w), x440 (8w)

Competitive economics

iSeries hardware can appear expensive compared to alternative infrastructure

Enabling 825 POD for Linux approx £15K per CPU

iSeries 17.5G disk approx £1K (disk offer for Q4)

Examine other costs that might be avoided

Gigabit LAN switches

Storage SAN infrastructure

Expensive windows software licensing (with Linux)

Additional backup software (BMR !)

Tech support army

Intel attach economics look good

2892 PCI 1.6 Ghz Integ xSeries Server £1.5K

and appropriate towers/slot space

1519-100 IXA adapter £2.7K

and appropriate xSeries

No SAN switches or External RAID controllers

1 Terabyte Disk for 10 servers test

iSeries hardware cost is similar to SAN disk

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Considering Consolidation

Applications

Porting existing apps

Move apps to OS/400

Must be natively supported by Vendor

Or port customer owned source

Data migration specific to each app

Tivoli Storage Manager

DB2

Linux Intel apps to iSeries Linux

Requires app already compiled for PowerPC + vendor support

Access to source code to re-compile

pSeries Linux apps will run (Power PC)

AIX apps to PASE

Pre-compiled progs will run if spec1170 compliant

Most AIX apps will require an app port

Windows apps just run on IXS/IXA

Still runs W2K operating system

Microsoft certified platform

New applications

ERP vendor support for iSeries Linux increasing

Sage Line 500 (previously Tetra)

Any ‘Open Source’ Linux app on the Web can be compiled to run under iSeries Linux

Totally standard Linux

If you find a Linux app that solves a business problem – you can use it

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Considering Consolidation

Implementing Infrastructure applications - examples

User account consolidation

Separate OS/400 Profiles and Windows Domain accounts

Administration Islands !

Solution

Add a single IXS (or IXA) running W2K

Exercise to align user profile/Win account naming conventions

– All new accounts created via iNav– Linux account integration soon ??

Domain Name Serving

Native iSeries OS/400 can provide DNS

iSeries Linux also supports DNS

Very efficient under Linux

W2K on IXS/IXA - DNS as standard

Choices

No bad decision – keep it simple though

Define a meaningful hierarchy across whole infrastructure

Make use of hardware you've got

Avoid the ‘dedicated Intel DNS server’ on every site

Make use of the skills you’ve got

Firewall/Proxy

No OS/400 product

Linux provides consolidation opportunity

Native Linux - iptables/netfilter

More comprehensive product “SQUID”

Addresses proxy server function

Linux LPAR functions provides security

Use Linux direct LAN adapters for DMZ

iSeries VLAN also (MZ)

Storage hosted on iSeries

Image backed up from iSeries OS/400Linux

DMZVLAN

Firewall

MZ

File/Print serving

Choice

Continue with W2K - implement IXA/IXS

Samba on iSeries Linux

Emulates W2K server

Takes part in Active Directory

Browser administered - SWAT

WEBMIN – combine Linux + Samba in one

Avoid Microsoft client seat licences

Software is free !

This is a NAS solution

Combine with an IXS (W2K) – single accounts and no seat licences only

Windows Terminal Services

No Linux alternative – has to be W2K

Multiple IXS can be load balanced

Uses additional function of Citrix

A large xSeries on IXA will provide big resources for many users

Native windows terminal services

Solution is affected by scale and qty of free PCI slots

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Planning for Consolidation

Application workloads and database engines

What else will your iSeries do?

Web serving

Web enablement

Messaging and collaboration applications

Well, almost anything, really …

V5

R1

V5

R1

Linux 1

Win

20

00

or N

T 4

Linux 2

WebSphere

Domino DB2

Java

AIX app

WebSphere on iSeries: strengths

WebSphere on any platform has …

Industry-leading functionality

Runs on your chosen platform

Scalability (Wimbledon / Winter Olympics)

Security

Resilience

High performance

Fully scriptable configuration and management

Excellent application and database integration capability

iSeries adds …

Flexible use of resources (multiple workloads)

Ease of installation and configuration (WAS Express)

Resilience and manageability (of course)

Security (WebSphere security + OS/400 security)

Even more secure and high performance integration capability

Domino on iSeries: strengths

Scalability

Up to 150,000 NotesBench mail users

Easy addition of disk space

Flexible use of resources

Domino partitioning

Multiple workloads

Resilience and manageability

Automatic restart following errors

Notes Admin client, green screen and iNav interfaces

Full CL command set for scripted configuration and management

Availability

Save-while-active

Security

Domino security + OS/400 security

DB2 integration

without ODBC

Probably theperfectDomino

mail server

Relational database

Native DB2

Functionality right up there with the competition

Full, fast, solid SQL support built in

Consider migration to DB2/400

Requires application testing and probably application changes

Vendor support a potential issue

If only multiplatform DB2 supported, no problem - DB2 now runs on Linux on iSeries

Otherwise …

Oracle

watch this space!

SQL Server

IXS or IXA required

Mail and majorcorporate

application

J2EE app, currently running on Tomcat

AS/400 model 720 (4 years old), 2GB main storage, V5R1

Legacy productdistribution app

Feeds to otherBI tools

DataWarehouse

Customer example: Logicalis production server

Sametime

Customer example: Logicalis DMZ server

PASE

Quickplace

External emailprotected by

Norton Anti-Viruswith live update

Win2K

MySQL

PHP

Apache

AS/400 model 170 (5 years old), 1GB main storage, V5R1, IXS card

Customer apps –WebSphere

Or, in the future (LAMP)

Linuxguestpartition

MySQL

PHP

Apache

DMZ partition in iSeries

Quickplace

External emailprotected by

Norton Anti-Viruswith live update

Customer apps –WebSphere

User

desktop

Hand-held Terminal Message Server and gateway

Services organisation: Before

File and print

Fax

Access database and corporate application

Email server

Telephone

Sage Line 50

No DNS or DHCP

Internet email gateway

Web server

Proxy server

User Web browser

External email senders and recipients

External Web sites

External Web browser user

Email server

Access database and corporate application

Internet

DMZ

Internal

Internet facing

After

LPAR 1 - Production LPAR 4 - DMZ

Email: Domino Fax: DominoFax Server

Hand-held terminal gateway:IXS

Corporateapp: IXS

SMTP:Domino

Web server:Apache,potential forWebSphereapplications

LPAR 3 –LinuxFirewallandProxyServerDB2

Additional apps

LPAR 2 – Linux Guest

File server: Samba

Sage Line 50: IXS

DNS DHCP Telephones:IXS

Just another thought ….

Small scale or ‘utility’ functionality requirement?

Find and download some open source Java code

Optimise it to level 40

Run it on your AS/400

Er …That’s it

public boolean isMatch (String checkString, String pattern){ char patternChar; int patternPos = 0; char lastPatternChar; char thisChar; int i, j;

for (i = 0; i < checkString.length(); i++) { // if we're at the end of the pattern but not the end // of the string, return false if (patternPos >= pattern.length()) return false;

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Considering Consolidation

Major benefits

Backup

iSeries will backup/restore W2K drive images while quiescent – High throughput

Avoids need for ‘Bare Metal Restore’ products

OS/400 Netserver provides ‘medium performance’ file level backup

Won’t address open file backup

End key services for semi quiescence

Tivoli Storage Manager runs under iSeries PASE

Permits 24x7 Intel Open file backup

Specific agents for Databases available

Included as part of OS/400 Enterprise licence

Backups up 35 different client Operating Systems

Requires automated tape library

LTO 3582/3/4

3590/3592 based 3494

Tivoli Storage Manager - physical components

A single consistent solution for open systems

Tape

Disk

Storage Hierarchy

Your solution for managing storage and protecting data across the network

PYRAMID NILE

AUSPEX**

SILICON GRAPHICS

IRIX

SEQUENT PTX

APPLE Macintosh

DIGITAL–OpenVMS (SSSI)***–UNIX

HEWLETT-PACKARD

HP-UX MICROSOFT–Windows 95–Windows 98–Windows NT –Windows NT DEC Alpha

NCR UNIX SVR4

NEC EWS-UX/V

NOVELL NETWARE

SUN MICROSYSTEMS

–Solaris

Optical

VM

LinuxuxOS/400

MVS

Solaris

HP-UX

AIX

Windows 2K

TSM Server

SIEMENS NIXDORF–SINIX–SINIX Reliant UNIX–SINIX 386/486

SCO–Unix 386–Open Desktop–Open Server

DB2

INFORMIX

LOTUS NOTES

MICROSOFT–Exchange Server–SQL Server

ORACLE–Oracle7 EBU–Oracle8 RMAN SAP R/3

SYBASE

CRAY***UNICOS

TANDEM GUARDIAN

(ETI)***

FUJITSU***

Linux

–AIX–AS/400 –OS/2

–OS/2 Lan Server–OS/2 Warp–OS/390 UNIX System Services

IBM*

DATA GENERAL

DG/UX

Disk storage virtualisation

From iNav

Define virtual storage partitions for IXA and IXS

Define virtual storage partitions for Linux

Storage partitions can be copied

Useful for instant development environment

• Linux can support direct disk access– Internal– ESS over Fibre

Virtual Networking

Problem

Upgrading network infrastructure to support high-speed application communication is expensive in terms of time, resources and equipment

iSeries Solution Virtual Ethernet at OS/400 V5R2

provides 1 Gb Connections with no LAN Adapters/Switches

Windows to Windows to OS/400 to Linux Up to 5 Connections per IXS / IXA

Benefit Extremely secure and reliable server

communication over high-performance connections

Can reduce network traffic and exposure to "sniffing"

System Management

IXA/IXS

Windows event logs directed to an OS/400 message queue

Control power on/off from OS/400

Run W2K commands from OS/400 - SBMNWSCMD

IXA adapter card microcode updated from OS/400

Linux

Control boot from OS/400

Via LPAR apportion CPU/Memory to partition

OS/400 has access to Linux filesystem via NFS

Check for file stored events

© Logicalis Group

Considering Consolidation

Sizing the solution

Performance collections

Existing iSeries

Establish current CPU utilisation from standard performance collection

Intel servers

Run a W2K CPU + I/O collection server by server

IBM Director will perform a centralised collection

Linux on Intel

Third party tools

IBM Director

Estimating the new workload

New apps

Input from app vendor

Or a pilot install

Specific methodologies for Domino

Intel to iSeries PowerPC

Base calculation on CPU clockspeed utilisation

Respect CISC (3 Ghz) – RISC (1.3 Ghz) difference

Respect 32bit – 64bit difference

iSeries offloads to subordinate IOPs

Communications

Disk/Tape

Redbook in the making for real world benchmarks

IXA/IXS

General workloads assume a 10 CPW utilization per IXA/IXS

First IXS consumes 30 CPW

Heavy Windows I/O needs calculation

New hardware

New model iSeries could easily handle additional Linux, OS/400 or Windows workload

New model CPW’s are so large

Models 825 and above come with POD activation for Linux or full OS/400

Factors affecting IXS/IXA choice

Capacity of Intel server

Additional ‘Intel bus’ PCI adapter slots needed

Slots available for IXS in IO tower

VMWare GSX an option on x360/x440

If the approach to app support is acceptable (no direct Microsoft support)

Multiple Windows servers not always because of CPU requirement

Windows often forces physical separation

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Considering Consolidation

High Availability

The Solution to Deliver Managed Availability …

– Across Data and Applications – Across Multiple Platforms – Across Multiple Databases – In a Single View - Across an Enterprise

Orion provides Enterprise Managed Availability

ORION

OS/400

Linux

Windows

OS/400

Linux

Windows

Integrating the iSeries with ORION

ORION

ReplicatedServers

SwitchedDisk

DataIntegration

AvailabilityManagement

The ORION Solution Topologies

Orion – typical applications

24x7 Operation – backup from target

For OS/400 Libraries + IFS (V5R2)

For IXA/IXS servers too

TSM not required – backup target images while quiescent

Full HA solution

Complete duplicate hardware at target

Calculated subset of hardware on target

Temporarily re-assign target hardware (till disaster)

Read only reporting

LPAR system – development or data warehouse

iSeries ‘Capacity Backup’ model on target

iSeries ‘HA model’ on target