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Localization TechnologyImproving mobile device location

Team 10: Andrew Kotz, Qiaodi Zhuang

Reference: Patwari N. Localization, Cooperative. In: Shekhar S, Xiong H, editors. Encyclopedia of GIS. Salt Lake City , UT: Springer Science & Business Media; 2008. p. 616–22.

Cooperative Localization

Estimate of a wireless device’s (node) location in a network using measurements made between many pairs of nodes through local optimization.

Used to improve location information

For GPS-less use

GPS won outdoors

Low-energy cost

Low-infrastructure cost

Apple’s iBeacon

Distributed system

Uses multiple nodes with Bluetooth 4.0

Uses: in-store navigation and personalized push notification

Cost effective: run for up to 2 years on a single included battery

Apple’s iBeacon

How it works: 1 or more beacons broadcasts unique ID Device determines distance into 3 categories

Immediate – few centimeters Near – couple meters Far – Greater than 10 meters

Apple’s iBeacon

Magnetic Positioning

Uses magnetometer and data connection

Applications: Indoor Navigation, Shopping, or Mission Critical

Magnetic Positioning

How it works Evaluates building’s distortion

of Earth’s magnetic field or “magnetic fingerprint”

Correlates to reference data More steel improves accuracy

(1-2 meters)

Magnetic Positioning

Step 1: Adding floor plans Step 2: Mapping buildings

Step 3: Creating applications

Sources

Patwari N. Localization, Cooperative. In: Shekhar S, Xiong H, editors. Encyclopedia of GIS. Salt Lake City , UT: Springer Science & Business Media; 2008. p. 616–22.

Wikipedia. iBeacon [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2014 Nov 11]. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBeacon

Barton J (Hewlett P, Kindberg T (Hewlett P. The Cooltown User Experience [Internet]. Palo Alto, CA: Hewlett Packard; 2001. p. 1 – 5. Available from: http://www.hpl.hp.com/techreports/2001/HPL-2001-22.pdf

Sterling, Greg (Opus Research I. | Report. San Fransisco, CA; 2014 p. 1 – 8.

Class Question

What are some potential downsides to each system?

Q & A