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Why is Education so Important?

Infant Mortality in U.S.

- An Overview

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Why is Education so Important?

Infant Mortality in U.S.

© K. Karlsen 2014

Infant Mortality in U.S.

4 millions births per year in U.S. 480,800 (12%) born preterm, < 37 weeks 80,435 (2%) very preterm, < 32 weeks, <

1500 grams

Two-thirds of deaths in first year of life occur in first month of life Most occur within 1st week of life

2010 Data* Infant Mortality Rate0 – 365 days

Neonatal Mortality Rate 0 – 27 days

Early Neonatal 0 - 6 days

Late Neonatal 7 - 27

days

Race 24,572 6.14 / 1000 1,836 fewer than in

2009

16,1934.05 / 10002,045 fewer than in 2009

12,9003.23 / 1000

3,2930.82 / 1000

Asian or PI 4.27 / 1000 3.01 / 1000

Hispanic 5.25 / 1000 3.59 / 1000

White 5.18 / 1000 3.35 / 1000

Am Ind/AN 8.28 / 1000 4.28 / 1000

Black 11.46 / 1000 7.45 / 1000

*Mathews & MacDorman (2013). NVSR, Vol. 62, No. 8

3,999,386 Live births 2010

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*MacDorman , Hoyert, & Mathews (2013). Fig 5. NCHS Data Brief, No 120, April 2013

Infant Mortality in U.S.

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3.99 million births in U.S. (2010 matched data)*

478,790 (12%) born preterm, < 37 weeks Account for 67% of all infant deaths in US in

2010 78,442 (2%) born very preterm, < 32 weeks

Account for 53% of all infant deaths in US in 2010

< 1000 gms 0.72% of births, but 47% of all infant deaths

Infant Mortality in U.S.

*Mathews & MacDorman (2013). NVSR, Table 4. Vol. 62, No. 8

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For all race and ethnic groups, infant mortality rate in 2010 for:

> 2500 grams………….. 2.13 / 1,000 live births

< 2500 grams ……..........50.98 /1,000 live births

1500 to 2499 grams.....13.42 /1,000 live births

< 1500 grams …………. 222.15 / 1,000 live births

Infant Mortality in U.S.

*Mathews & MacDorman (2013). NVSR, Table 1. Vol. 62, No. 8

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For all races and ethnic groups, infant mortality rate in 2010, by gestation:

< 32 weeks (early preterm)…..165.57 / 1,000 live births

32 – 33 weeks (early preterm)...15.83 / 1,000 live births

34 – 36 weeks (late preterm)…. 7.15 / 1,000 live births

37 – 38 weeks (early term) ….. 3.03 / 1,000 live births

39 – 41 weeks (full to late term)..1.87 / 1,000 live births

42 or > weeks (post-term)….. ... 2.7 / 1,000 live births

Infant Mortality in U.S.

*Mathews & MacDorman (2013). NVSR, Table 1. Vol. 62, No. 8

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Infant Mortality Rate by State, 2010*

*MacDorman , Hoyert, & Mathews (2013). Fig 5. NCHS Data Brief, No 120, April 2013

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Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) Percent change in IMR by State 2005 to 2010

*Mathews & MacDorman (2013). NVSR, Fig 2. Vol. 62, No. 8

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Heron, 2013. National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol 62, No 6

Leading Causes Neonatal Mortality US 2010

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U.S. annual births ..………... 3.99 million Neonatal deaths (2010)..…16,193 (1.8 / hour)

Global annual births… ……...approx 130 million Global neonatal deaths .… 2.9 million (331 /

hour) Most of deaths are from preventable

causes

The Facts: U.S. Compared with World

Save the Children (2014) Ending Newborn Deaths

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Global Distribution of Neonatal Deaths

Save the Children (2014) Ending Newborn Deaths

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Save the Children (2014) Ending Newborn Deaths

Neonatal Mortality Rates by Region