: Joints OBJ: 1-6 Chap 8 - olatheschools.orgteachers.olatheschools.com/.../2019/10/10-22-Joints.pdf2019/10/10 · TOPIC: Joints OBJ: 1-6 Chap 8 A T HW: Joint Packet PG 169-170 DUE:

TOPIC: Joints OBJ: 1-6 Chap 8

AG

EN

DA

ABSEN

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HW: Joint Packet PG 169-170 DUE: Block

DO NOW: Take 5 minutes and diagnose TWO patients you haven’t seen yet based on their fracture/injury.

HANDOUTS to PICK-UP:

-Joint Table

-Joint Packet

-Grade HW

-Notes Chapter 8

-Fracture Activity

-Joint Packet [Table 8.2 will help]

REMINDER(s)-Job Shadow/Volunteer Late.

Test Monday Oct. 28th

Feel free to get started

right away and not wait

for the bell.

Add on to each QUESTION every night as REVIEW

8.1 JOINTCLASSIFICATION

1- -DEFINE joint or articulation.

2- -DESCRIBE the structural classification of joints. Provide examples for each type.

3- -DESCRIBE the functional classification of joints.Provide examples for each type.

8.2 FIBROUS JOINTS

4- -NAME,DESCRIBE and give examples of the 3 common types of fibrous joints.

8.3 CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS

5- -NAME,DESCRIBE and give examples of the 2 common types of cartilaginous joints.

8.4 SYNOVIAL JOINTS

6- -NAME,DESCRIBE and give examples of the 6 types of synovial joints based on movements allowed.

Anatomy Daily Work Tracker

1 10/7 Objectives TBD

2 10/7 Bone Marking Table & Flashcards 10/14

3 10/14 Long Bone Coloring 10/15

X

Exercise 6 Bone Packet

Identifying Fractures

4

5

10/15

10/21

10/21

10/22

Bone Content Review Packet6 10/21 Block

Have neighbor check off

& initial in PEN

Anatomy Daily Work Tracker

Joint Packet PG 169-1707 10/22 Block

Sunscreen Lab8 10/2 10/3 X

Add up your points and put the number at the top. ____ /

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Joints (Articulations)

Weakest parts of the skeleton

Articulation – site where two or more bones meet

Joints is an interaction between 2+ bones

- Names must be descriptive.

Functions of joints

▪ Give the skeleton mobility

▪ Hold the skeleton together

Joints & Articulation


Classification of Joints: Functional

▪ Functional classification is based on the amount of movement

allowed by the joint

▪ The three functional classes of joints are:

▪ Synarthroses – immovable

▪ Amphiarthroses – slightly movable

▪ Diarthroses – freely movable

Classification of Joints: Functional


Where in the Body?

▪ Diarthroses found in limbs where mobility is important

▪ Synarthroses and amphiarthroses are found in the axial

skeleton where security/strength and protection of organs is

important

Where found in the body?


Classification of Joints: Structural

▪ Structural classification focuses on the material binding bones

together and whether a joint cavity is present

▪ The three structural classifications are:

▪ Fibrous

▪ Cartilaginous

▪ Synovial

Classification of Joints: Structural


Fibrous Structural Joints

▪ Most are immovable→ Synarthroses

▪ The bones are joined by fibrous tissues

▪ There is no joint cavity

▪ There are three types –

▪ sutures

▪ syndesmoses

▪ gomphoses

Fibrous Structural Joints


Fibrous Structural Joints: Sutures

▪ Occur between the bones of the skull

▪ Edges of bones interlock and fuse




Figure 8.1a



Fibrous Structural Joints: Syndesmoses

▪ Bones are connected by a fibrous tissue ligament

▪ Movement varies from immovable to slightly variable

▪ Examples include the connection between the tibia and

fibula, and the radius and ulna




Figure 8.1b



Fibrous Structural Joints: Gomphoses

▪ The peg-in-socket fibrous joint between a tooth and its

mandible/maxilla socket

▪ The fibrous connection is the periodontal ligament

Fibrous Structural Joints: Gomphoses


Cartilaginous Joints

▪ Immovable or slightly moveable- Amphiarthrotic

▪ Articulating bones are united by cartilage

▪ Lack a joint cavity

▪ Two types

▪ Synchondroses

▪ Symphyses

Cartilaginous Joints


Cartilaginous Joints: Synchondroses

▪ A bar or plate of hyaline cartilage unites the bones

▪ All SYNCHONDROSES are SYNARTHROTIC [immovable]

▪ Examples include:

▪ Epiphyseal plates of children

▪ Joint between the costal cartilage of the first rib and the

sternum

Cartilaginous Structural Joints: Synchondroses


Cartilaginous Joints: Synchondroses

Figure 8.2a, b

Cartilaginous Structural Joints: Synchondroses


Cartilaginous Joints: Symphyses

▪ Hyaline cartilage covers the

articulating surface of the bone and is

fused to an intervening pad of

fibrocartilage

▪ AMPHIARTHROTIC joints designed for

strength and flexibility

▪ Examples include intervertebral joints

and the pubic symphysis of the pelvis

Cartilaginous Structural Joints: Symphyses


Cartilaginous Joints: Symphyses

Figure 8.2c

Cartilaginous Structural Joints: Symphyses


Synovial Joints

▪ All are freely movable - DIARTHROTIC

▪ Those joints in which the articulating bones are separated by

a joint cavity filled with synovial fluid

▪ Examples – all limb joints, and most joints of the body

Synovial Joints -Page 262-


Synovial Joints: General Structure

Figure 8.3a, b

Synovial Joints General Structures



Synovial Joints: General Structure

Figure 8.3a, b

Synovial Joint Types

1-Planar

2-Hinge

3-Pivot

4-Condyloid

5-Saddle

6-Ball and Socket


Plane Joint

▪ Plane joints

▪ Articular surfaces are essentially flat

▪ Allow only slipping or gliding movements

▪ Example: Acromioclavicular

Figure 8.7a

Synovial Joint Types: Planar


Types of Synovial Joints

▪ Hinge joints

▪ Cylindrical projections of one bone fits into a trough-shaped surface on

another

▪ Motion is along a single plane

▪ Uniaxial joints permit flexion and extension only

▪ Examples: elbow and interphalangeal joints

Synovial Joint Types: Hinge


Pivot Joints

▪ Rounded end of one bone protrudes into a “sleeve,” or ring, composed of

bone (and possibly ligaments) of another

▪ Examples:

-joint between the axis and the dens

- the proximal radioulnar joint

Synovial Joint Types : Pivot


Condyloid or Ellipsoidal Joints

▪ Oval articular surface of one bone fits into a complementary depression in

another

▪ Both articular surfaces are oval

▪ Biaxial joints permit all angular motions

▪ Examples:

-radiocarpal (wrist) joints

-metacarpophalangeal (knuckle) joints

Synovial Joint Types : Condyloid


Saddle Joints

▪ Similar to condyloid joints but allow greater movement

▪ Each articular surface has both a concave and a convex surface

▪ Example: carpometacarpal joint of the thumb

Synovial Joint Types : Saddle Joints


Ball-and-Socket Joints

▪ A spherical or hemispherical head of one bone articulates with a cuplike

socket of another

▪ Multiaxial joints permit the most freely moving synovial joints

▪ Examples: shoulder and hip joints

Synovial Joint Types : Ball-And-Socket

Documents

: Joints OBJ: 1-6 Chap 8 - olatheschools.orgteachers.olatheschools.com/.../2019/10/10-22-Joints.pdf2019/10/10 · TOPIC: Joints OBJ: 1-6 Chap 8 A T HW: Joint Packet PG 169-170 DUE: