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QUIZQUIZARE YOU A ARE YOU A HEALTHY HEALTHY EATER?EATER?

GCSE BiologyGCSE Biology

By Dr H E BloomfieldBy Dr H E Bloomfield

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BREAKFASTBREAKFAST1.1. How often do you eat breakfastHow often do you eat breakfast??

(a)(a) Every dayEvery day

(b)(b) Only when I have time. My life Only when I have time. My life is is hectic!hectic!

(c)(c) NeverNever

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BREAKFASTBREAKFAST2.2. What do you tend to eat?What do you tend to eat?

(a)(a) Sweet cereal (eg Frosties, Sweet cereal (eg Frosties, Cocoa Pops) Cocoa Pops) or white toastor white toast

(b)(b) Cereal or brown toast and fruit Cereal or brown toast and fruit juicejuice

(c)(c) Crisps or a chocolate barCrisps or a chocolate bar

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SNACKINGSNACKING3.3. How often do you eat sugary or salty How often do you eat sugary or salty

snacks like biscuits, sweets and snacks like biscuits, sweets and crisps?crisps?

(a)(a)      Regularly throughout the day. Regularly throughout the day. It’s OK It’s OK because some biscuits have because some biscuits have raisins in raisins in them.them.

(b)(b)      Once a dayOnce a day

(c)(c)  Every other day or less  Every other day or less

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FRUIT AND VEGFRUIT AND VEG4.4. How often do you eat fruit and veg?How often do you eat fruit and veg?

(a)  I try to get at least five portions a (a)  I try to get at least five portions a dayday

(b)(b) One portion or less a day. I’m One portion or less a day. I’m more of more of a ready meal persona ready meal person

(c)  Two or three portions a day(c)  Two or three portions a day

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TAKEAWAY AND JUNK TAKEAWAY AND JUNK FOODFOOD

5.5. How often do you eat them?How often do you eat them?

(a)(a) Once a month or lessOnce a month or less

(b)(b) Once a weekOnce a week

(c)(c) As often as possible! Yum!As often as possible! Yum!

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TAKEAWAY AND JUNK TAKEAWAY AND JUNK FOODFOOD

6.6. My favourite things to eat are My favourite things to eat are ((write write down as many letters as you wantdown as many letters as you want))

(a)(a) ChipsChips

(b)(b) Fried riceFried rice

(c)(c) Creamy sauces like kormaCreamy sauces like korma

(d)(d) BurgersBurgers

(e)(e) Fried chicken or chicken Fried chicken or chicken nuggetsnuggets

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DRINKSDRINKS7.7. How much water do you drink a day?How much water do you drink a day?

(a)(a) One glass or lessOne glass or less

(b)(b) Six to eight glassesSix to eight glasses

(c)(c) Three or four glassesThree or four glasses

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DRINKSDRINKS

8.8. When I’m thirsty, I drinkWhen I’m thirsty, I drink

(a)(a) A sugar-free drinkA sugar-free drink

(b)(b) A sweet fizzy drinkA sweet fizzy drink

(c)(c) A glass of water or juiceA glass of water or juice

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SALTSALT9.9. How much salt do you eat daily?How much salt do you eat daily?

(a)(a) 6 g. I check the labels ‘cause I 6 g. I check the labels ‘cause I know know that more than 6 g is bad for that more than 6 g is bad for my heart!my heart!

(b)(b) About 8 gAbout 8 g

(c)(c) Er… a lot. Is that bad?Er… a lot. Is that bad?

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ANSWERSANSWERS1.1. (a) 1 (a) 1 (b) 2 (b) 2 (c) 3 (c) 3

2.2. (a) 2 (a) 2 (b) 1 (b) 1 (c) 3(c) 3

3.3. (a) 3 (a) 3 (b) 2 (b) 2 (c) 1 (c) 1

4.4. (a) 1 (a) 1 (b) 3 (b) 3 (c) 2(c) 2

5.5. (a) 1 (a) 1 (b) 2 (b) 2 (c) 3 (c) 3

6.6. Score 3 for each one you Score 3 for each one you chosechose

7.7. (a) 3 (a) 3 (b) 1 (b) 1 (c) 2 (c) 2

8.8. (a) 2 (a) 2 (b) 3 (b) 3 (c) 1(c) 1

9.9. (a) 1 (a) 1 (b) 2 (b) 2 (c) 3(c) 3

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WHAT YOUR SCORES WHAT YOUR SCORES MEANMEAN

8-17 You're a Smug Twiglet!8-17 You're a Smug Twiglet!

You’re really clued-up! Remember You’re really clued-up! Remember though to eat lots of different fruit and though to eat lots of different fruit and veg. Frozen, canned, juiced and dried all veg. Frozen, canned, juiced and dried all count.count.

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WHAT YOUR SCORES WHAT YOUR SCORES MEANMEAN

18-25 18-25 You're a You're a Lapsing LettuceLapsing Lettuce!!

You’re generally pretty good, but (sorry You’re generally pretty good, but (sorry to go all school report), you could try to go all school report), you could try harderharder

You’ll benefit from drinking more water You’ll benefit from drinking more water (aim for 6-8 glasses daily), swapping (aim for 6-8 glasses daily), swapping crisps for fresh or dried fruit and making crisps for fresh or dried fruit and making sure you don’t skip meals.sure you don’t skip meals.

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WHAT YOUR SCORES WHAT YOUR SCORES MEANMEAN

Wow! With this erratic eating, you’re Wow! With this erratic eating, you’re about to turn into crisps and chocolate.about to turn into crisps and chocolate.

If you skip meals or eat irregularly, If you skip meals or eat irregularly, you’re more likely to snack. Always eat you’re more likely to snack. Always eat regular meals during the day, including regular meals during the day, including breakfast. Drink plenty of water and breakfast. Drink plenty of water and don’t add salt to food.don’t add salt to food.

26-42 You’re a 26-42 You’re a Couch Potato!Couch Potato!

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WHY ARE FAST WHY ARE FAST OR READY-OR READY-

MADE FOODS A MADE FOODS A PROBLEM?PROBLEM?

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WHY ARE FAST FOODS SO WHY ARE FAST FOODS SO POPULAR?POPULAR?

They’re They’re quick, easy quick, easy and fit in and fit in with people’s with people’s busy lives.busy lives.

They taste They taste good too!good too!

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WHY ARE FAST FOODS A WHY ARE FAST FOODS A PROBLEM?PROBLEM?

BUT, they often BUT, they often contain a lot of _ _ _ contain a lot of _ _ _ and _ _ _ _.and _ _ _ _.

These make the These make the food taste good but food taste good but they can also they can also damage your damage your health.health.

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McDonald’s Special Burger for McDonald’s Special Burger for the 2006 World Cupthe 2006 World Cup

After promising in 2003 to introduce more After promising in 2003 to introduce more salads and phase out ‘supersize’ portions, salads and phase out ‘supersize’ portions, the fast food giant launched a Bigger Big the fast food giant launched a Bigger Big Mac for the 6 weeks of the World Cup Mac for the 6 weeks of the World Cup football tournament in 2006.football tournament in 2006.

The The fat, salt and calorie (Joule) levels are fat, salt and calorie (Joule) levels are almost equal to the TOTAL a child should almost equal to the TOTAL a child should eat in one dayeat in one day. And that’s without fatty . And that’s without fatty chips and sugary drinks to go with it!chips and sugary drinks to go with it!

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McDonald’s Special Burger for McDonald’s Special Burger for the 2006 World Cup the 2006 World Cup (complete with (complete with

15 E numbers)15 E numbers)

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Another Own Goal for McDonald’s?

The sales of McDonald’s healthier The sales of McDonald’s healthier products have remained static and products have remained static and account for only 10% of their sales in account for only 10% of their sales in Britain.Britain.

Their popularity may not have been Their popularity may not have been helped by revelations that some of the helped by revelations that some of the chain’s salads contain more salt and fat chain’s salads contain more salt and fat than a regular burger!than a regular burger!

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FAT AND CHOLESTEROLFAT AND CHOLESTEROLFat is a high energy Fat is a high energy food so eating too food so eating too much can make us much can make us overweightoverweight..

BUT, the amount and BUT, the amount and type of fat we eat type of fat we eat affects levels of affects levels of cholesterolcholesterol in our in our blood.blood.

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WHAT IS CHOLESTEROL?WHAT IS CHOLESTEROL?Cholesterol is a waxy substance Cholesterol is a waxy substance made in our liver and it gets carried made in our liver and it gets carried round our body in the blood.round our body in the blood.

It helps to make cell membranes It helps to make cell membranes and some hormones. Without and some hormones. Without cholesterol, we could not survive.cholesterol, we could not survive.

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SO WHY IS CHOLESTEROL SO WHY IS CHOLESTEROL BAD?BAD?

High levels of cholesterol in our High levels of cholesterol in our blood increase our risk of getting blood increase our risk of getting heart disease or diseased blood heart disease or diseased blood vessels.vessels.

How does cholesterol do this?How does cholesterol do this?

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SO WHY IS CHOLESTEROL SO WHY IS CHOLESTEROL BAD?BAD?

The The cholesterol cholesterol builds up in builds up in our blood our blood vessels and vessels and can block can block them.them.

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WHY IS CHOLESTEROL BAD?WHY IS CHOLESTEROL BAD?

What will What will happen happen to blood to blood flow in flow in the the artery?artery?

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WHY IS CHOLESTEROL BAD?WHY IS CHOLESTEROL BAD?

What What might might happen happen to this to this heart?heart?

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WHY IS CHOLESTEROL BAD?WHY IS CHOLESTEROL BAD?

What What might might happen happen to this to this person’person’s leg?s leg?

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OUR CHOLESTEROL LEVELSOUR CHOLESTEROL LEVELSThe amount of cholesterol in our blood The amount of cholesterol in our blood

depends ondepends on

1.1. The way our liver works. This The way our liver works. This depends on the depends on the genesgenes we inherit. we inherit.

2.2. How the cholesterol is carried round How the cholesterol is carried round the body in the blood.the body in the blood.

3.3. The amount and type of fat we eat.The amount and type of fat we eat.

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CHOLESTEROLCHOLESTEROLCholesterol is carried round the body by Cholesterol is carried round the body by

two types of two types of lipoproteinslipoproteins

1.1. Low Density Lipoproteins (LDLs).Low Density Lipoproteins (LDLs).

This is This is BADBAD cholesterol and increases cholesterol and increases our risk of heart problems.our risk of heart problems.

2.2. High Density Lipoproteins (HDLs).High Density Lipoproteins (HDLs).

This isThis is GOODGOOD cholesterol and reduces cholesterol and reduces our risk of heart problems.our risk of heart problems.

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CHOLESTEROLCHOLESTEROLThe balance of LDLs and HDLs in our The balance of LDLs and HDLs in our blood is important for a healthy heart. blood is important for a healthy heart. We should have more HDLs than LDLs to We should have more HDLs than LDLs to stay healthy.stay healthy.

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LDLsLDLsLDLs are LDLs are more more likely to likely to cause cause blocked blocked arteries arteries and and heart heart disease.disease.

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HDLsHDLsHDLs HDLs help to help to keep our keep our arteries arteries clear and clear and we need we need them for them for a healthy a healthy heart.heart.

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SummarySummary

A healthy A healthy arteryartery

A partly blocked A partly blocked arteryartery

HDL (high density lipoprotein) HDL (high density lipoprotein) cholesterol is cholesterol is goodgood for you for you

LDL (low density lipoprotein) cholesterol LDL (low density lipoprotein) cholesterol is is badbad for you for you

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DIETARY FATS AND CHOLESTEROLDIETARY FATS AND CHOLESTEROL

There are different types of fat in There are different types of fat in foodfood

1.1. Saturated fats Saturated fats INCREASEINCREASE cholesterol levels in blood.cholesterol levels in blood.(Saturated fats are found in animal (Saturated fats are found in animal products like meat, butter, cheese and products like meat, butter, cheese and eggs).eggs).

2.2. Mono-unsaturated and Mono-unsaturated and Polyunsaturated fats Polyunsaturated fats LOWERLOWER cholesterol levels and improve cholesterol levels and improve the balance between LDLs and the balance between LDLs and HDLsHDLs(Unsaturated fats are found in oily (Unsaturated fats are found in oily fish, many margarines, sunflower oil fish, many margarines, sunflower oil and olive oil)and olive oil)

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SALTSALT

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SALTSALTWe need salt in our diet because it We need salt in our diet because it helps our nerves to work and keeps helps our nerves to work and keeps our cells functioning properly.our cells functioning properly.

BUT too much salt can lead to HIGH BUT too much salt can lead to HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE.BLOOD PRESSURE.

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HIGH BLOOD PRESSUREHIGH BLOOD PRESSURE

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LEFT UNTREATED, HIGH BLOOD LEFT UNTREATED, HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE CAN LEAD TOPRESSURE CAN LEAD TO

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SALTSALTMany people Many people eat too much eat too much salt each day salt each day without without knowing it.knowing it.

This is This is because because processed processed ‘fast’ foods ‘fast’ foods contain lots of contain lots of salt.salt.

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HOW CAN WE CONTROL HOW CAN WE CONTROL OUR SALT INTAKE?OUR SALT INTAKE?

1.1. Do our own cooking.Do our own cooking.

2.2. Read food labels very carefully Read food labels very carefully when we buy ready-made food.when we buy ready-made food.

We should eat no more than 6 g of We should eat no more than 6 g of salt per daysalt per day

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THE ENDTHE END