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ACTİON
he process of doing something, especially when dealing with a problem or difficulty
This problem calls for swift/prompt action from the government
ALGEBRA
a part of mathematics in which signs and letters represent numbers
ARMY
a particular country's fighting force When did you join the army
ATOM
the smallest unit of any chemical element, consisting of a positive nucleus surrounded by negative electrons. Atoms can combine to form a molecule
A molecule of carbon dioxide (CO2) has one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.
AUDİENCE
the group of people together in one place to watch or listen to a play, film, someone speaking, etc.
She lectures to audiences all over the world.
BALANCE
a state where things are of equal weight or force; equilibrium
The toddler wobbled and lost his balance (= started to fall sideways
BATTLE
a fight between armed forces the Battle of the Somme
BLIND
unable to see She's been blind since birth
BREADTH
the air that goes into and out of your lungs
Her breath smelled of garlic.
CAPTAIN
the person in charge of a ship or an aircraft, or the leader of a sports team
This is your captain speaking. We expect to be landing at London Heathrow in an hour's time.
CHİEF
most important or main The chief problem we have in the area
now is the spread of disease
CHLOROPLAST
one of the parts in a plant cell that contain chlorophyll and where the energy from sunlight is turned into food by photosynthesis
CHROMOSOME
any of the rod-like structures found in all living cells, containing the chemical patterns which control what an animal or plant is like
X and Y chromosomes
CİRCLE
a continuous curved line, the points of which are always the same distance away from a fixed central point, or the area inside such a line
Coloured paper was cut into circles, squares and triangles.
CRACK
to break something so that it does not separate, but very thin lines appear on its surface, or to become broken in this way
A stone hit the window and cracked the glass
CURVE
a line which bends continuously and has no straight parts
a curve in the road
CYTOPLASM
one of the parts in a plant cell that contain chlorophyll and where the energy from sunlight is turned into food by photosynthesis
DİMENSİON
a measurement of something in a particular direction, especially its height, length or width
Please specify the dimensions (= the height, length and width) of the room.
DIRECTED
going in a straight line towards somewhere or someone without stopping or changing direction
a direct route/line
DİSTRİCT
an area of a country or town which has fixed borders that are used for official purposes, or which has a particular feature that makes it different from surrounding areas
South Cambridgeshire District Council
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid: the chemical at the centre of the cells of living things, which controls the structure and purpose of each cell and carries the genetic information during reproduction
DOZEN
twelve a dozen eggs
DUST
dry dirt in the form of powder that covers surfaces inside a building, or very small dry pieces of soil, sand or other substances
The furniture was covered in dust and cobwebs.
ENEMY
a person who hates or opposes another person and tries to harm them or stop them from doing something
He's made a few enemies in this company
ESSENTİAL
necessary; needed Government support will be essential if the project is to
succeed. There is essential work to be done before the building
can be re-occupied.
EXCELLENT
extremely good The food was excellent
FOGGY
with fog a cold, foggy day
FORCE
physical, especially violent, strength or power The force of the wind had brought down a great many trees in
the area
FRAME
a border which surrounds and supports a picture, door or window
a picture frame
GAS
a substance in a form like air that is neither solid nor liquid
Oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen are all gases
HEİGHT
the distance from the top to the bottom of something, or the quality of being tall
The sheer height of New York's skyscrapers is so impressive
HİSTORY
the study of or a record of) past events considered together, especially events of a particular period, country or subject
I studied modern European history at college.
HUMAN
a man, woman or child The greatest damage being done to our
planet today is that being done by humans.
İNDUSTRY
the companies and activities involved in the process of producing goods for sale, especially in a factory or special area
trade and industry
İNTERSECTİON
when two lines cross, or the point where this happens The intersection of the lines on the graph marks the point where we start to make a
INTRODUCE
to put something into use, operation or a place for the first time
The smaller 10 pence coin was introduced in 1992.
KNEE
the middle joint of the leg, which allows it to bend
The baby was crawling around on its hands and knees
LABEL
a piece of paper or other material which gives you information about the object it is fixed to
Remember to put some address labels on the suitcases
LAND
a country a land of ice and snow
LAW
rule, usually made by a government, that is used to order the way in which a society behaves, or the whole system of such rules
There are laws against drinking in the street
LEAD
to control a group of people, a country, or a situation
I think we've chosen the right person to lead the expedition
LENGHT
the measurement of something from end to end or along its longest side
The boat is ten metres in length
MASTER
a person who has control over or responsibility for someone or something, or who is the most important or influential (= having most influence) person in a situation or organization
a slave and his master
MATERİAL
physical substance which things can be made from
building materials, such as stone
MEASURE
to discover the exact size or amount of something, or to be of a particular size
"Will the table fit in here?" "I don't know - let's measure it
MEMBER
a person, animal or thing which is part of a group a family member
MİCROSCOPE
a device that uses lenses to make very small objects look larger, so that they can be scientifically examined and studied
They looked at the blood samples under the microscope
MİND
the part of a person that makes it possible for a person to think, feel emotions and understand things
Her mind was full of what had happened the night before, and she just wasn't concentrating.
MYSTERY
something strange or not known which has not yet been explained or understood
How the massive stones were brought here from hundreds of miles away is/remains a mystery.
NATİON
a country, especially when thought of as a large group of people living in one area with their own government, language, traditions, etc
All the nations of the world will be represented at the conference
NATİVE
relating to or describing someone's country or place of birth or someone who was born in a particular country or place
She returned to live and work in her native Japan
NEİGHBOURHOOD
someone who lives very near to you Some of the neighbours have complained
about the noise from our party.
NERVE
group of long thin fibres (= structures like threads) that carry information or instructions between the brain and other parts of the
NUCLEUS
the part of a cell that controls its growth
DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell
PALE
describes someone's face or skin if it has less colour than usual, for example when they are ill or frightened, or if it has less colour than people generally have
You're looking pale - do you feel ill
PARENTHESIS
a remark which is added to a sentence, often to provide an explanation or extra information, and which is separated from the main part of the sentence by commas, brackets or dashes
PHYSICAL
connected with the body physical
exercise/fitness/strength/disabilities
POİNT
an idea, opinion or piece of information that is said or written
I'd like to discuss the first point in your essay.
POPULATİON
all the people living in a particular country, area or place
Ten per cent of the population lived in poverty.
PRESİDENT
the person who has the highest political position in a country which is a republic and who, in some of these countries, is the leader of the government
President Kennedy
PRODUCT
something that is made to be sold, usually something that is produced by an industrial process or, less commonly, something that is grown or obtained through farming
They do a range of skin-care products
PROPER
belonging to the main, most important or typical part
It's a suburb of Manchester really - I wouldn't call it Manchester proper.
QUANTITY
the amount or number of something, especially that can be measured or is fixed
Police found a large/small quantity of drugs in his possession
RACE
competition in which all the competitors try to be the fastest and to finish first
Do you know who won/lost the race
REALİZE
to understand a situation, sometimes suddenly They didn't realize the danger they were in.
RECLANGLE
a flat shape with four 90° angles and four sides, with opposite sides of equal length
REFUSE
to say that you will not do or accept something He asked me to give him another loan, but I
refused
D:HAPPENING OR DOING SOMETHING OFTEN/
E:TOP FOOTBALLERS MAKE REGULAR APPEARANCES ON TV
REGULAR
SCALE
a set of numbers, amounts etc., used to measure or compare the level of something
the Centigrade/Fahrenheit scale
SCREEN
a flat surface in a cinema, on a television or a computer system on which pictures or words are shown
Our television has a 19-inch screen.
SIGNAL
an action, movement or sound which gives information, a message, a warning or an order
When she gave (them) the signal, they all cheered
SİZE
one of the standard measures according to which goods are made or sold
a size 14 dress
SKETCH
simple, quickly-made drawing which does not have many details
My mother made a (pencil) sketch of my brother reading a book
SOCİETY
a large group of people who live together in an organized way, making decisions about how to do things and sharing the work that needs to be done. All the people in a country, or in several similar countries, can be referred to as a society
a classless/multicultural/capitalist/civilized society
SOLDIER
a person who is in an army and wears its uniform, especially someone who fights when there is a war
Soldiers were patrolling the streets
SOLID
hard or firm, keeping a clear shape solid ground
SOLUTION
the answer to a problem There's no easy solution to this
problem.
SOUL
the spiritual part of a person which some people believe continues to exist in some form after their body has died, or the part of a person which is not physical and experiences deep feelings and emotions
She suffered greatly while she was alive, so let us hope her soul is now at peace.
SPECİMEN
something shown or examined as an example; a typical example
He has a collection of rare insect specimens.
STAFF
the group of people who work for an organization
There is a good relationship between staff and pupils at the school
STAGE
the area in a theatre which is often raised above ground level and on which actors or entertainers perform
Hamlet is on stage for most of the act
STAIN
to leave a mark on something which is difficult to remove
Tomato sauce stains terribly - it's really difficult to get it out of clothes
STARCH
a white substance which exists in large amounts in potatoes and particular grains such as rice
Corn starch is used as a thickener in stews
STORE
large shop where you can buy many different types of goods
a department store
SWEEP
to clean especially a floor by using a brush to collect the dirt into one place from which it can be removed
sweep the floor
TAX
to make someone pay a tax Husbands and wives may be taxed
independently/together
TEMPERATURE
the measured amount of heat in a place or in the body
Preheat the oven to a temperature of 200 degrees Celsius.
TIME
that part of existence which is measured in seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, years, etc., or this process considered as a whole
He wants to spend more time with his family.
TITLE
the name of a film, book, painting, piece of music, etc
The title of Evelyn Waugh's first novel was 'Decline and Fall'
TRANSPORT
when people or goods are moved from one place to another
the transport of live animals
TRİAL
the hearing of statements and showing of objects, etc. in a court of law to judge whether a person is guilty of a crime or to decide a case or a legal matter
trial proceedings
VEHICLE
a machine usually with wheels and an engine, which is used for transporting people or goods on land, especially on roads
A truck driver died last night when his vehicle overturned
VOLUME
the amount of space that is contained within an object or solid shape
Which of these bottles do you think has the greater volume
WATERPROOF
not allowing water to go through Canvas boots are all right but they're
not as waterproof as leather
WAVE
to raise your hand and move it from side to side as a way of greeting someone, telling them to do something or adding emphasis to an expression
I waved to/at him from the window but he didn't see me.
WEAPON
any object used in fighting or war, such as a gun, bomb, sword, etc
a lethal weapon
WEİGHT
the amount that something or someone weighs
What weight can this lorry safely carry?
WİDTH
the distance across something from one side to the other
It is 5 metres in width
WINE
an alcoholic drink which is usually made from grapes, but can also be made from other fruits or flowers. It is made by fermenting the fruit with water and sugar
a wine cellar/connoisseur/cooler/glass
YOUTH
the period of your life when you are young, or the state of being young
I was a fairly good football player in my youth.