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Gilded: thin layer of glitter over cheap base; term “Gilded Age”
Named by Mark Twain Corruption and greed People control gov’t for personal gain Big business and government
“cooperate”
Control the gov’t 1861-1885 Support Big Business, high tariffs and the
gold standard WHY?
Hold political power through favors, money and violence
Power more important than the plight of people
immigrants>>jobs=votes
Big Business=money Votes/money=political
power
Most important immigrant group in an election
Why? Population
Most important state to win in an election?
WHY?
Determined to see McKinley elected, Hanna began asking big corporations for campaign donations. He assured the industrial leaders that McKinley’s political positions would benefit them and keep their companies, and the country running smoothly. Hanna was able to raise $3.5 million dollars for McKinley’s campaign, an unheard of amount and the most money ever spent on a political campaign at that time.
25th President Big Business reigns
Stealing from the public Work for their own benefit Depleted natural resources Paid low wages Maintained dangerous conditions in
factories Corrupted public officials Drove competitors out of business
Work to help people Benefit society Created jobs Founded public institutions(museums,
libraries, etc.) Philanthropy
Carnegie Steel Revolutionized
the steel industry Vertical
consolidation Own all aspects of
production
Social Darwinism Survival of the
fittest The rich get richer
and the poor die out
Gospel of Wealth Make as much
money as you can, then give it away.
Act of donating money, goods, time, or effort to support a charitable cause and the betterment of mankind.
The Carnegie Corp. of N.Y. The Carnegie Endowment for
International Peace The Carnegie Inst. of Washington The Carnegie Foundation for the
Advancement of Teaching
Standard Oil CompanyCreates a monopoly
-only supplier available-eliminate fair and open competition
Invents the concept of Trust -smaller companies come together to make large company(still a monopoly)
-several people managing a larger company
Put smaller companies out of businessThreatened open and fair competitionEliminate competition
-higher pricesLow wages and poor working conditions
-maximize profits
Labor Unions-to represent the worker
Demands:-8 hour work day-better pay-safer conditions
Sam GompersOnly skilled workersTactics
-economic pressure-boycott-strike(violence)
Collective Bargaining-workers deal with owners as a group-more successful than strike
Unions:-must use numbers for political influence
Big Business:-use the courts to fight labor unions
Eugene V. Debs
-public, not private control of business-equal distribution of wealth
Plessy VS Ferguson(1896)-”separate, but equal is legal”-legal separation of races in public places
Jim Crow Laws:-separate the races -treat blacks as second class citizens
BOOKER T. WASHINGTON
William Edward Burghardt DUBOIS
Booker T. Washington-accommodation and acceptance-play the part and improve yourself with
education-wait for society to change
W. E. B. DuBois-protest your treatment-effect change now through protest
Imperialismcontrol of a weaker country
U.S. Imperialism-based on trade(at first)
Open Door Policy-all countries should have equal trading rights with China
-who isn’t at this meeting?-China
Intense national pride and aggressive foreign policy
-U.S. doesn’t listen to anyone else-all countries should listen to U.S.-Manifest Destiny
April 1898- December 1898U.S. begins to dominate other countries
-based on U.S. wants
McKinley wins re-election in 1900
Sept. 6, 1901-Leon Czolgosz assassinates McKinley-Secret Service to officially protect Presidents(still not primary duty)
26th PresidentContinues ImperialismIntervenes in Russo-Japanese WarPanama Canal
-creates a rebellion in South America-connects Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
Progressive Movement-reform society
First investigative reporters-Jacob Riis
-NYC tenements-“How the Other Half Lives”
“Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far.”
-Declares the U.S. protectors of Central and South America