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© GEO Secretariat
The Build-up of the Global Earth Observation System of Systems: an opportunity for Africa
Giovanni RumGEO Secretariat
7th International AARSE Conference Accra, Ghana October 2008
© GEO Secretariat
Our Planet is a System of Systems
© GEO Secretariat
Mankind has become a Geological Parameter
Geology has become a Political Issue
(Decisions must be informed)
© GEO Secretariat
Any Single Problem Requires Many Data Sets
Any Single Data Set Serves Many Applications
© GEO Secretariat
Forest Monitoring
Agriculture
Biodiversity
Disasters
Energy Climate
EcosystemsWater
© GEO Secretariat
Continental Water Cycle Management
AgricultureDisasters
Energy
Climate
Health
© GEO Secretariat
GEO todayThe Group on Earth Observations, was established in 2005, with a major objective: to establish a coordinated and sustained Global Earth Observation System of Systems – GEOSS.
It is an Intergovernmental Organization and today has 75 Members (74 Countries and the European Commission) & 51 Participating Organizations, including:
UN Organizations and Programs, such as FAO, IOC, ISDR, UNEP, UNESCO, UNFCCC, UNITAR/UNOSAT, UNOOSA,WMO
other leading international Organizations in different domains, such as CEOS, ESA, EUMETSAT, FDSN, IAG, ICSU, OGC
© GEO Secretariat
© GEO Secretariat
1. Reduction and Prevention of Disasters2. Human Health and Epidemiology3. Energy Management
4. Climate Variability & Change5. Water Management6. Weather Forecasting7. Ecosystems8. Agriculture9. Biodiversity
GEOSS addresses Nine Societal Benefit Areas
© GEO Secretariat
Cape Town Summit November 2007
Declaration
Noted with satisfaction the progress made, as documented in the Report on Progress and in its Annex “Early Achievements”
Reaffirmed a strong commitment to GEOSS implementation and sustained operations
Resolved to meet before the end of 2010
© GEO Secretariat
Environment and Climate Change
To respond to the growing demand for Earth observation data, we will accelerate efforts within the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS), which builds on the work of UN specialized agencies and programs, in priority areas, inter alia, climate change and water resources management, by strengthening observation, prediction and data sharing. We also support capacity building for developing countries in earth observations and promote interoperability and linkage with other partners.
© GEO Secretariat
Addressing needs of USERS
IGOS-Themes in GEO• Ocean
• Coastal • Water• Cryosphere• Land • GeoHazards• Atmosphere• Carbon
© GEO Secretariat
Coordinate and Sustain Observing Systems
Ensure Access for All
Make Basic Data Sets Available
Develop End-to-end Services
© GEO Secretariat
An integrated approach to building capacity.
An approach based in three complementary and needed elements:
• Individuals (Human) CB:Individuals (Human) CB: education and training of individuals to be aware of, access, use and develop EO…
• Infrastructure CB:Infrastructure CB: HW, SW and other technology required to develop, access and use EO…
• Institutional CB:Institutional CB: building policies, programs & organizational structures in governments and organizations to enhance the understanding of the value of EO…
…data and products.
I³
© GEO Secretariat
Need for an Interoperable Architecture and Standard Interoperable Formats to benefit fully fromEarth ObservationSystems
The Tower of Babel
© GEO Secretariat
IKONOS
QuickBird
SPIN-2SPOT 4, 5
EROS A1
EnvisatAura/Aqua/Terra
Grace
QuikScatSage
SeaWindsTRMM
Toms-EP
UARSLandsat 7
SORCE
ACRIMSAT
CBERS
SeaWiFS
ERBS
Jason
Orbview 2, 3
Radarsat ALOS
DMC
© GEO Secretariat
ARGO: Cooperation of 23 Countries
© GEO Secretariat
CBERS Data acquisition Stations
© GEO Secretariat
• CBERS Data to Africa and Caribbean will be Available Free of Charge
• Data Reception and Image Processing in Africa– Southern Africa – SAC (South Africa)– North and Western Africa - Maspalomas (Spain)– Possibly North & Eastern Africa – Malindi (Italy/Kenya)
• Products Distribution to Users– GEOPortal– GEONETCast
From Satellite to End-Users
© GEO Secretariat90 m 30 mComparison courtesy of V. Gorokhovich, CIESIN
A global DEM at 30 meter resolution
derived from ASTER data, by US and Japan, by end of 2008
© GEO Secretariat
• Data and Products at Minimum Time delay and Minimum Cost
• Free of Charge or Cost of Reproduction for Research and Education
GEO Data Sharing Principles
• Full and Open Exchange of Data…Recognizing Relevant International Instruments and National Policies and Legislation
© GEO Secretariat
Data Sharing principles
1. An action is in place to support the above objective.2. A “White Paper” has been produced and is now
undergoing the review of the GEO Partnership.3. The objective for this year is to consolidate and agree
the guidelines for the implementation of the Data Sharing principles and to have them endorsed, together with the associated plan of actions for implementation, by GEO Plenary V- November 2008 in China.
“We support the establishment of a process with the objective to reach a consensus on the implementation of the Data Sharing Principles for GEOSS to be presented to the next GEO Ministerial Summit. The success of GEOSS will depend on a commitment by all GEO partners to work together to ensure timely, global and open access to data and products”
© GEO Secretariat
GEONETCastA Space-based Dissemination System for Data,
Products, Services and Early Warning
ROSHYDROMET
Contributors
EUMETSAT
CMA
Global Coverage
NOAA
© GEO Secretariat
GEONETCast Receiving Stations- Dedicated personal computer (~ $1000)
Data analysis and processing should be done on separate computer(s)
- Satellite antenna dish (1-3 m) (~ $300-1200)- DTH receiver card or box (~ $200)
© GEO Secretariat
The regional / subregional approach
• Many on going African Developments AMESD, TIGER have retained this approach
• GEOSS will continue along these lines• The approach is expected to have positive
effects at Country level, through the development of coordination mechanisms among the Institutions involved in the different GEO Societal Benefit Areas and the progressive building of national capabilities
© GEO Secretariat
International Charter on Space and Major Disasters
• Charter accepted concept of granting direct access to GEO Members (end of May)
• Charter was activated for GEO Member Ukraine floods through the intervention of GEO upon request of support from Ministry of Environment (31 July request - activation 1 August)
© GEO Secretariat
International Charter on Space and Major Disasters
Discussion is ongoing to consolidate framework for allowing practical implementation of concept.For Countries not having yet the infrastructure and capabilities to deal directly with the Charter, the identification of sub-regional centres is considered as probably the best short term solution, having as the final objective to continue to build Capacity in each Country.Each Center could be identified building on exiting capabilities and would serve a certain number of Countries
© GEO Secretariat
GEONETCast
Global Dissemination System to disseminate and provide easy access to space-based, air-borne and in situ data, metadata and products to Users from all Societal Benefit Areas.
Low cost, easy to operate user terminals
© GEO Secretariat
GEONETCast
African Users requests coordination is essential for full use of the system
© GEO Secretariat
The GEO Portal
© GEO Secretariat
GEOSSComponent Registry
Service Registry
GEOSSStandards Registry
Special ArrangementsRegistry
references
GEO Portallinks
GEOSSClearinghouse
Catalogues Services
User
accesses
accesses
Links to OtherCommunity Resources
searches
GEOSS CommonInfrastructure
GEONETCast
Websites/Webportals
Catalogue
Registered components External Resources
Websites/Webportals
GEO Secretariat Web Site
links
Accesses all RegisteredCommunity Resources
Register
Documents
RSS
CatalogQueryClients
© GEO Secretariat
GEO Portal Implementation: Initial steps
© GEO Secretariat
© GEO Secretariat
Three prototype Portals
Compusult http://www.geowebportal.org/web/guest/home
ESA - FAO http://www.geoportal.org/
ESRI http://keel.esri.com/Portal/
© GEO Secretariat
Develop End-to-end Services
© GEO Secretariat
Wildland Fire Early Warning
1. Collect noon weather observations from WMO centres
2. Transfer data
3. Extract and decode weather data; interpolate conditions to build grid layers in a GIS; produce daily early warning maps
Typical data flow
4. Map products displaying current fire danger are distributed via WWW
© GEO Secretariat
The WMO Sand and Dust Storm Warning SystemA Global Partnership in Prediction and Analysis Building Links to Users
Eleven Institutions With SDS Forecasts Available on the Internet: Three Major Nodes In the System
dust
dust
© GEO Secretariat
MERITMeningitis Environmental Risk Information
Technologies
Plan WHO Meningitis VaccinationCampaigns
© GEO Secretariat
00
10001000
20002000
30003000
40004000
50005000
60006000
70007000
2929 55 1212 1919 2626 22 99 1616 2323 22 99 1616 2323 3030 66 1313 2020 2727 44 1111 1818 2525
Date
Cas
es
Withoutvaccination
Actual
Vaccination withWHO guidelines
not preventable
JanuaryDec. February March April May
Epidemic in Ghana, 1997- Wood et al., Lancet 2000
Vaccination starts
Meningitis :The problem to be tackled
© GEO Secretariat
AfricanProtected areas monitoring
a dynamic system which integrates heterogeneous data (geospatial, statistical, observations) to develop composite indicators of vulnerability (http://www-tem.jrc.it/PA/index.html).
© GEO Secretariat
40 S
30 S
20 S
10 S
0 N
10 N
20 N
30 N
40 N
30 W 20 W 10 W 0 E 10 E 20 E 30 E 40 E 50 E 60 E
Permanent geostationary optical mission for operational delivery of ~20m resolution images
Africa total coverage every 4 days, land and coastal areas with an imaging capability from 5 to 8 million km²/day, by scenes of 300*300 km
Flexible programming Fast access and permanent monitoring of
crisis zone A complete Ground segment located in and
operated by Africa, capacity to have several Regional Exploitation Centres for sensing demands, receive Image data, deliver products
An operational delivery of the complete system possible 2014
A lifetime in orbit of 7-10 years
Geo Africa, a new Space Observatory concept
© GEO Secretariat
GEO Membership today
75 MEMBERS51 PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATIONS
© GEO Secretariat
Frequently Asked Questions
• How does a country or international organisation join GEO?
• What are the implications, financial and otherwise, of joining?
© GEO Secretariat
Thank you!
Giovanni RumSenior Program Officer
GEO Secretariat
7bis, avenue de la PaixCasale postale 2300
Ch-1211 Geneva 2, Suisse
phone: (41) 22 730 8452e-mail: [email protected]
www.earthobservations.org