Genes and Heredity

By: Jessica Derk, Lauryn Hower, Angeli Sen

What is it? Genes are: Nucleotides transferred

from parent to offspring that play a role in determining genotypic and phonotypical outcomes

Heredity is: Acquiring traits from parent to offspring

How are they related? The traits inherited depend on the segregation and recombination of genes.

Importance to the cell Heredity is the process where genes

are passed to the offspring through the parents. This is important because this decides the characteristics of the offspring.

Eye color is an example of an inherited characteristic.

How it works in the cell The DNA sequence of genes carries information

for specific characteristics The different forms of genes (allele) determine

traits. Ex: tall gene is dominant, short gene is recessive

When gametes are produced, two alleles separate and each gamete has one copy of each gene for the offspring.

How it works in the cell An organism with a dominant allele will always

express that trait. An organism with a recessive allele will only

express that trait if there isn’t a dominant allele present.

Single traits such as the shape of your eyes are polygenic- controlled by many genes.

Organelles Involved Mitochondria: Contain own set of genes- involved

in metabolic processes. They are inherited through the maternal line. Chloroplasts: Contain their own DNA Must be inherited by each daughter cell during

cell division Nucleus: Contains genetic material-

chromosomes

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/9834092339/student_view0/chapter30/meiosis_with_crossing_over.html

Sources http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/i

nheritance/patterns/

http://www.sewanee.edu/chem/chem%26art/Detail_Pages/ColorProjects_2003/Guttery/index.htm

http://www.cccoe.net/genetics/heredity.html