2nd Presentation by Daniel Egbe

EXPRIMENTAL DESIGN

SOAPNUT OIL-Biofuel from a non-edible plant

Equipments: separating funnel, pots, a cup, syringe, Bunsen

burner, hammer.

Reagents: soapnut fruit, water, heat source, lead acetate, HCl,

hydrogen sulphide and alcohol.

Temperature=1700cPressure=1.6atm

my productionI will first harvest the seeds,. Then after harvesting them, I will collect the seeds. I will

then crack them using the hammer to separate the nuts from the shells. From there, I will

cold press(temperature is controlled so that it does not exceed 120 deg. F) the nuts for

the oil and I will obtain about 1.5 grams of the oil.

After extracting the oil, I will then transfer it into a container

using a cup.

EXTRACTIONI will use the process of water extraction to get my oil by boiling the nuts in

water at a very high temperature and pressure such that the oil will float on

the water and then I can obtain the oil from the water by using a separating

funnel.

Melting point=105-107deg.CStorage temp= room tempMolecular formula :C27H42O3

From there, I can then extract my main molecule which then helps in the cure of the asthma found in the oil, that is saponin. The saponin could be extracted by process of chemical extraction by fusing( convert it into a liquid) it at 95deg.C.

The saponin is prepared by adding excess lead acetate to the oil, then afterwards, some of the lead is removed using hydrogen sulphide. HCl is then added at 40deg.C and white crystals of saponin are obtained. The saponin obtained is not pure and so can be

purified by dissolving in alcohol

I will first lyophilize the saponin, that is convert it into the a

gas. I will then induce the gas into mice using a syringe and

study it inhibitory activity against toxic compounds that cause

respiratory problems like 5-lipoxygenase(5-Lo),

cyclooxygenase(COX), Leukotriene B4(LTB4) and Nitric Oxide

synthase(NOS) through the action of the enzymes found in it

like serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum

glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and alkaline

phosphatase (ALP) elevate in the blood, and hepatic

glutathione and superoxide dismutase (SOD) decrease

Testing the saponin-invivo

Expected Results

After inducing the gas into the mice, I expect that immediately

after an hour, it should produce about 90% inhibitory effect on the

toxic compounds that is, it should start inhibiting them immediately

after 1 hour till when they can no longer act.

Therefore I expect that if it is used in humans, it might reduce the

level of asthma by about 85%.

http://

www.ijptonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/2201-2214.pdf

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3414376/

http://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB9393639.htm

http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ie50354a012

References