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Europe’s Heartland akaCentral Europe:French and the Benelux Countries

Mr. Mulligan

Geography

+Goals and Objectives

Objective: To analyze a map of Europe and be able to locate the

Heartland Region

Essential Question? What do you think the Regions of Europe are named and

what countries belong to each region?

+Do Now:

Using your iPad.. Research the Heartland (Central) Region of Europe. ..jot down the countries in this region in your notebook or using “Notes.”

+France

Heart of western Europe Neighbors the Benelux countries

Democratic Republic President and Prime Minister

Second largest country in Europe

Mild or warm climate

Northern France is part of Northern European Plain and in south mountain ranges separate from Spain, Italy, and Switzerland

Seine and Loire Rivers connect the regions

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+France

Rich soil leads to specialization of farming (focusing efforts on certain activities to make best use of resources) Cheesebb and wines

Rely on industries as well (automotive, chemicals, textiles, and processed foods)

High-technology industries (engineers)

1 in 12 French workers are employed by tourism

+French Culture

Trace ancestry back Celts, Romans, and Germanic people

Speak French

Roman Catholics Islam is second religion

60.7 million citizens Close to 10 million live in Paris Paris can be compared to NYC (landmarks, museums,

cathedrals, and beauty)

+Benelux Countires

Group is given the name by the first syllables of each country Belgium Netherlands Luxembourg

Densely populated low flat lands

High standard of living

Parliamentary Democracies with Monarchs

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+Benelux Countries

Belgium Trade and Manufacturing center Imports raw materials Exports cars, chemicals, and textiles Antwerp is center of world diamond industry Brussels (capital) is the head of the European Union

3 regions Flanders, Wallonia, and Brussels (self-rule) Flanders (Dutch) Wallonia (French) Brussels (bilingual)

+Benelux Countries

Netherlands 25% lays beneath sea-level. Dikes (banks of soil) were built

to defend the sea. Polders (drained land) are rich farming lands Amsterdam is capital Cities and towns have narrow houses built on canals or over

highways Service industries, manufacturing, and trade Export 2 million tulip bulbs each year

+Benelux Countries

Luxembourg Southeast of Belgium One of Europe’s smallest countries Trade and finance center Many multinational companies have headquarters in

Luxembourg Mixed French and German background

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Germany and the Alpine Countries Mr. Mulligan’s Geography Class

+Goals and Objectives

Objective: To analyze a map of Europe and be able to locate the

Heartland Region

Essential Question? What do you think the Regions of Europe are named and

what countries belong to each region?

+Germany

High Standard of living

Strong Economy

Surrounded by 9 countries.. CENTERPIECE OF EUROPE

Northern European Plain in North, Alps in far south

Rhine and Elbe Rivers flow to North Sea Rivers transport raw materials

+Germany In The Middle

+Germany’s History

Formation of states

1871 the states came together to for Germany

German leaders wanted to control all of Europe which led to two World Wars Defeated in both Blamed for WWI had to pay repercussions of war. Not happy

with decision and lead to Hitler’s rise to power and start of WWII

Germany and Axis powers were defeated by the Allied Powers (USA,UK, and Soviet Union

1945- Germany divided into four zones (two really.)

+Divided Germany

Germany was divided into two zones separated by the Berlin Wall Soviet Zone became known as Communist East Germany Other three zones were controlled by USA, UK, and France.

These three zones were known as democratic west Germany

The Berlin Wall was to separate communist East from Democratic West. The wall was built overnight in August 1961.

The Wall lasted until November 9, 1989 when it was announced that people were able to relocate without punishment.

Wall was dismantled.

+Germany’s Government

Federal Republic National and state governments share power.

Sound Familiar?

President is elected-figure head

Chancellor is chosen by parliament and is real head of government

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+ Germany’s Economy

Global Economic Power Agriculture Industry- steel, chemicals, cars,& electrical equipment

Head of European Union

With reunification many business in East were not up to speed with West, still lag today

Largest population 82.5 million

Berlin is capital

Speak German

+Alpine Countries

Draw name from the Alps Switzerland Austria Liechtenstein

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+Switzerland, Austria, and Liechtenstein

Switzerland is a small neutral (in the middle) country enjoying 700 years of democratic stability.

Red Cross is located in Geneva

Alps isolated groups of people- unique traditions, ethnic groups, religions and independence. 4 national languages German, French, Italian, and Romansch.

3/4 ‘s of Austria’s west is covered by the Alps. Tourist and Skier attraction

Liechtenstein is only 62 square miles-smaller than DC- only 40,000 people….cannot fill some professional or college stadiums