Era of Good Feelings continued?• Election of 1824

end of secret Congressional caucuses in selection of candidates

Jackson receives more electoral and popular votes than Adams, Clay, and Crawford, but not a majority

House chooses Adams because of Clay's support • Clay a rival of Jackson in the West • Adams and Clay agreed on American System • Jackson's followers accused Clay & Adams of a

"Corrupt Bargain" when Clay was named Secretary of State (the road the Presidency was through the SoS)

Plagued with accusations of stealing the election• Appointed Henry Clay as Secretary of State• Unable to effectively see his programs pass Wanted to create a national university Wanted to create observatories Wanted fair treatment of Native Americans

Jackson's election in 1828 signaled rise of common man • Elected by western farmers and eastern workers• Property qualifications for voting eliminated in most states • Changing nature of political campaigns

Rallies, slogans, songs, issues and Picnics

• Jackson's inauguration symbolic of new age Jackson who coined the phrase "To the victor go the spoils," use of the Spoils System, political patronage, Limited role of federal

government

Jackson viewed himself as the spokesman of the people

“In 1835, a farmer in Oswego County, New York, honored Andrew Jackson with a fourteen-hundred-pound Cheddar. It sat, aging, in the White House lobby for two years before Jackson scheduled a levee, or public reception, on Washington’s birthday. Guests polished off the cheese in two hours. Friends of Jackson’s successor, Martin Van Buren, hoped to make mammoth cheeses an annual tradition, but it ended abruptly after visitors ground curds into the East Room carpet.” (PARTISANS BIG CHEESE by Blake Eskin Issue of 2004-09-27 Posted 2004-09-20)

Indian policy • Worcester v. Georgia (1832) ruled that Indians were not

subject to the laws of a state. Jackson refused to enforce ruling

• Trail of Tears--Cherokees and other Indian tribes in Southeast U.S. forced to march 1200 miles to Oklahoma territory

Nullification Crisis--South Carolina 1832 • South Carolina stated its opposition to tariff in 1832 which

continued high rates of Tariff of Abominations (1828) • Jackson appealed to people of South Carolina to obey

national law, obtained authority from Congress (Force Act) to enforce laws any way necessary, and worked out a compromise tariff: 1832-1842 gradual reduction in the tariff to the 1816 level.

Jackson opposed re-charter of the Bank because banks • Were seen as tools of the rich oppressing the poor • Foreclosed mortgages on farmers • Restricted the issuance of paper money by state

banks • Biddle made a number of loans to anti-Jackson

politicians

In 1832 United States President Andrew Jackson ignited controversy by vetoing a new charter for the Bank of the United States. This political cartoon, “The Downfall of Mother Bank,” appeared the same year.

Jackson removed government deposits and placed them in local (pet) banks, destroying the bank

Wildcat banks created in wake of U.S. Bank's failure • Money in circulation increased 300% • Loans made increased 400% • Inflation rose as loans were made to land speculators • Sales of western land increased from 4 million acres in 1832

to 20 million acres in 1836

States borrowed vast sums for internal improvements, increasing state indebtedness

Jackson distributed federal government surpluses to states, which stimulated spending and inflation

To check the inflationary spiral, Jackson issued the specie circular which required gold and silver for land purchases.

Panic of 1837 resulted when • English bankers called in loans to states and investors • Gold supplies were depleted, preventing banks from making

payments and forcing failures