20
膛腒膖腠腣腑膳腵膣膍 ῍῍ 腩腫腮腪膪膡腚膴膿膚腖膫腷膠膣膍 ῍῍ ῌῌ Depoliticizing the Chinese Issue: A Reconsideration of the Suharto-era Assimilation Policy* A>O6L6 Nobuhiro** “Assimilation” has been long considered characteristic of Suharto’s “New Order” policy toward the Indonesian Chinese. On the other hand, it is well known that sharp differenti- ation between pribumi and non-pribumi also existed within the civil administration. This seeming contradiction illustrates one of the difficulties in understanding the state’s atti- tude towards Chinese in Indonesia during the Suharto era. This study examined the archives of the Department of Home Affairs, the department charged to carry out policies toward those of Chinese descent, in order to provide a clearer picture of how its laws and policies were conceived and formulated. It was found that the establishment of BAKOM-PKB and such programs as assimilation training in RT/RW were used to try to bureaucratically control and dominate this issue, especially under the Dirjen SOSPOL. This was an agency of extreme importance with an active role in policing not only the Chinese but also Communism, Islam, and those related to SARA issues. For the Department of Home Affairs, the Chinese issue was not just about National Unity but, more importantly, a measure to secure the Suharto presidency. Utilizing both assimilation and differentiation in that context was neither a failure nor a contradiction. It was a necessary combination in order to depoliticize the Chinese issue for the political stability of the regime. Keywords: Suharto regime, Department of Home Affairs, SARA issues, Assimilation Policy, Chinese issue ῍ῌ῏ῌ῎腩腫腮腪膪膡膴膿膚膔腸膣膒膩膁SARA 臁膬膳腵膣膍腷膠臁膬 膾膉腚膓膺腘膱腑腒腔腛腗腘腟腡腞膼膗腚臄腤腖腒腔膯腈腑腳膾膤臀膐腚腧腬腃腪腐腍腔膹膜 腘臂腲腗腦腭腯腪腘腻膕腍腑腈腗腊膟腴臀膏膮膥腶膆臃膐腚腦腭腯腪腞膾膉腚腺膢腘腛膃腋 腏腗腋腒腑膘腙腔腻膕腍腑腈腈腉腝腕腞腗腈腌膾膉腚膊膎膻膦腐腍腔腼腱腈膲腘腓腈腔 腎腜腔膑腘膧膷腌腇腢ῌῌ 膶膾膽腰膞膀腽膈腥腨腥膂膌膅腾膙Institute of Developing Economies-Japan External Trade Organization IDE-JETRO腅腁 Wakaba, Mihama-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba ῎ῒ῍ῑῐῑ, Japan e-mail: NobuhiroAizawaide.go.jp 膰膵腥腨腥膅腾 ῐῑ῎ῌῌΐ37

˘ˇ ˆ˙˝˛ Depoliticizing the Chinese Issue: A ... · Dirjen SOSPOL. This was an agency of extreme importance with an active role in policing not only the Chinese but also Communism,

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Page 1: ˘ˇ ˆ˙˝˛ Depoliticizing the Chinese Issue: A ... · Dirjen SOSPOL. This was an agency of extreme importance with an active role in policing not only the Chinese but also Communism,

����������� ����������������

� � � ���

Depoliticizing the Chinese Issue: A Reconsiderationof the Suharto-era Assimilation Policy*

A>O6L6 Nobuhiro**

“Assimilation” has been long considered characteristic of Suharto’s “New Order” policytoward the Indonesian Chinese. On the other hand, it is well known that sharp differenti-ation between pribumi and non-pribumi also existed within the civil administration. Thisseeming contradiction illustrates one of the difficulties in understanding the state’s atti-tude towards Chinese in Indonesia during the Suharto era.

This study examined the archives of the Department of Home Affairs, the departmentcharged to carry out policies toward those of Chinese descent, in order to provide a clearerpicture of how its laws and policies were conceived and formulated. It was found that theestablishment of BAKOM-PKB and such programs as assimilation training in RT/RWwere used to try to bureaucratically control and dominate this issue, especially under theDirjen SOSPOL. This was an agency of extreme importance with an active role in policingnot only the Chinese but also Communism, Islam, and those related to SARA issues.

For the Department of Home Affairs, the Chinese issue was not just about NationalUnity but, more importantly, a measure to secure the Suharto presidency. Utilizing bothassimilation and differentiation in that context was neither a failure nor a contradiction. Itwas a necessary combination in order to depoliticize the Chinese issue for the politicalstability of the regime.

Keywords: Suharto regime, Department of Home Affairs, SARA issues, AssimilationPolicy, Chinese issue

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