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By:Sh.Nariman MD,Neonatologist Tehran University of medical Sciences Arash Women Hospital

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Respiratory diseae usually presence as respiratory distress in neonate.It has four main clinical features: 1) Tachypnea: RR>60/min 2) Intercostal and subcostal retraction 3) Grunting 4) Cyanosis All 4 symptoms may not be present in every case,but the presence of 2 or more symptoms qualifies for respiratory distress

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RDS Pneumonia TTN BPD PPHN Pulmonary Hemorrhage Cardiac Diease Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Neonatal Sepsis Hyperviscosity Syn. Pneumothorax TEF

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This is due to lack of surfactant,which is phosphlipids that lower the surface tension within the terminal air ways. Surfactant is secreted by type 2 pneumocyte situated within the alveolar memberane.They are present by 22 weeks of gestation but become functionally activate by full term.

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Stress PROM Exogenous steroid given to mother NOTICE: Maternal diabetes suppress development of surfactant

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About 1% of newborns infant have RDS. It is closely related to immaturity 60-70% of infants born at