Selected Topics of Great Leaders Bill Gates 508484 SBP 698 2 2551 SBP 698 . 28 2551 1 1.1 90 .. 2005 28,000 2006 2 " 400" ..1993-2005 .. 1996 .. 1998-2005 real-time collaboration Solution 3 Microsoft Office Live Meeting, Microsoft Office Communicator 2005 Microsoft Office Live Communications Server 2005 real-time collaboration (Web Conference) (Instant Messaging) VoIP (Voice Over IP) (Virtual Meeting) 1.2 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.3 1.3 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.4 1.5 1.5.1 1.5.2 1.5.3 1.5.4 2 2 1 2 2.1 4 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.1.1 (Leader) (Leadership) (Leader) (Leader) (McFarland, 1979:214: 215) (Hues, 1978:227) (Yolk, 1989:3-4) (2535: 14-15) 5 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (2535:266) (Leader) (1) (2) (3) (Leader) 2.1.2 (Leadership) ( , 2534: 132) (Leadership) (The American Heritage Dictionary, 1985: 719) (Traits) (Power) (Behavior) (Yolk, 1989: 3) (Stodgily, 1974:411) (McFarland, 1979:303) (Schwartz, 1980:491) (Mitchell and Larson, Jr., 1987:435) (Koontz and Weihrich, 1988:437) (Robbins, 1989:302) (Stoner and Freeman, 1989:459) () () ( , 2534:196) (Leader) (Followers) (Subordinates) (Leader) (Followers) (Leadership) (Yukl,1989: 7-8) 4 1. - (Power-Influence Approach) 2. (Trait Approach) 3. (Behavior Approach) 4. (Situational Approach) 1) - (Power-Influence Approach) - (1) (2) 2) (Behavior Approach) 2 (Critical Incident) 3) (Trait Approach) ..1930 - 1940 4) (Situation Approach) 2 2.1.3 (Michel and Larson, Jr., 1987:435-436) 3 1. 2. 3. 1) (process) 3 3 2) 3) (: http://www.nrru.ac.th/article/leadership/page1.1.html) 2 3 1) 2) 3) 2 McGregor 2.1.4 (Rein forcer) Pavlov Watson Skinner 1) Skinner 2) 3) 1) 2) 3)4) 5) 3 3 ( Leader ) ( Power ) (Influence over others) ( Authority ) 3 ( Base on charisma ) 3 1. (Influence) 2. (Achievement) 3. (Initiative) 6)7) ( Trait Theory ) (Traits) (Charismatic leaders) 1930 6 1. (Energy and ambition) 2. (The desire to lead) 3. (Honesty and integrity) 4. (Self-confidence) 5. (Intelligence) 6. (Job-relevant knowledge) 7. (High selfmonitoring) (High Self-Monitoring) 4 1) 2) (Weak situation) (Strong situation) 3) 4) 21 (Cognitive complexity) (Self-learning) (Behavioral flexibility) (Cultural sensitivity) (Process analysis) (Entrepreneurial ability) 8) 9) 1940 3 (Ohio state studies) (University of Michigan studies) (Leadership grid) 1) (The Ohio state studies) 2 (Initiating structure) (Consideration) 1.1) (Initiating structure) 1.2) (Consideration) (Leadership style) 4 2.1: : Durbin, 1998: 83 2) (The University of Michigan studies) 2 (Production-centered leaders) (Employee centered leaders) 2.1) (Production centered leaders) 2.2) 2.3) 2.4) (Employeecentered leaders) 2.5) 2.6) 2.7) 2.8) 2.12) 2.14) 2.9) 2.10) 2.11) 2.13) 2.15) 2.16) 2.18) 2.19)2.17) 2.22)2.20)2.21) 2.24) 2.26) 2.27) 2.32) 2.23) 2.25)2.28) 2.29) 2.35) 2.30) 2.31) 2.33) 2.34) (One dimension) 2.36) 2.37) 2.38) 2.40) 4 2.42) 2.41) 2.39) 6) (Leadership grid) (Managerial grid) (Blake and Mouton) 9 81 81 5 Hh ig (C n e fo P o le o c rn r e p ) 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Lw o 1 Md ot e od aae et idle f h R M gm a n n I pvr hd aae et m e e M gm o is n n 2 3 4 5 6 Ahr y o p ne uo - m c t it C lia Mae et a gm n n 7 81 , 9C ny lu Mae et o t Cb a gm ur n n Ta Mae et ema gm n n 9 , 95 , 51 , 19 , 19 Hh ig ocr f rR us ( ne o e lt ) C n s 2.2: : Durbin, 1998: 115 3.1) 9, 1 (Authority compliance) 9, 1 9, 1 3.2) 1, 9 (Country club) 1, 9 (Low concern for task) (High concern for people) 3.3) 1, 1 (Impoverished) 1, 1 ( 1, 1 ) 3.4) 5, 5 (Middle of the road) 5, 5 5, 5 3.5) 9, 9 (Team management) 9,9 9,9 9,9 High-high leader (1) (2) (3) 10)11) LMX (in group) (Leader-Member Exchange Theory) (Out-group) +3 +3 0 0 0+3 0+3 0+3+3 0(: +3 (L) (S) 0 ) 2.3: : Norte LMX (Favorites) LMX () () LMX LMX LMX LMX LMX 12) 13) (Situation) 2 - (Situational Theories of Leadership)14)15) (Fiedler, 1967) 3 1) 2) 3) (Matching) 1) (Leadership style) (Task-oriented leadership) (Relationship-oriented leadership) (Fiedler Contingency Theory) (Least Preferred Co-Worker scale) (LPC) 18 8 8 7 6 5 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 3 2 6 7 1 8 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 (Task-motivated) (Relationship-motivated) 2) (Situation control) 3 2.1) (Leadermember relations) 2.2) (Task structure) 2.3) (Position power) 3 6 - - - 8 2.6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 (Very favorable) 8 (Very unfavorable) 2 6 (-favorable (Unfavorable)) 1 2 - 8 8 3) 800 10 (Median) 8.5 : 1.00 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.00 -0.20 -0.40 -0.60 -0.80 : -1.00 12345678 2.4 : 2544: 268 - 1) () 2) () 3) ( ) 16) 17) - (Path - Goal (House & Mitchell, 1974) (Path) Theory) 1) (Path clarification) 2) (Increase rewards) - (Leadership Style) 2.8 1) (Leader behaviors) 2) (Subordinate characteristics) 3) (Task characteristics) 4) (Motivation) 18) (Leader Behavior) (House and Mitchell, 1974) 4 (leadership style) 1) (Supportive leadership) (Consideration behavior) 2) (Directive leadership) (Initiating leadership) 3) (Achievement oriented Leadership) (High standard of excellence) 4) (Participative leadership) - (Trait approach) 19) 20) (Neocharismatic Theories) (Charisma) (Heroic leadership) (Charismatic leadership) (Transformational leadership) (Visionary leadership) (Moral leadership) 2 (Charismatic Leadership) (Charisma) (Charismatic leaders) 9 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. (Conger and Kanungo, 1998) 2.5: (Charismatic and non-charismatic leaders behaviors) 1. (Status quo) Charismatic Leaders 1. Non-Charismatic Leaders 1 2. (Future goal) 3. (Likeableness)2. 3. 2. 3. 4. (Trustworthy)4. 4. 5. (Expertise)5. 5. 6. 6. (Behavior)6. 7. (Environmental7. 7. sensitivity) 8. (Articulation) 9. (Power base)8. 9. ( )8. 9. ( ) 10. 10. 10. (Entrepreneur) 11. (Elitist) : Conger & Kanungo,1998 : 51 21) 1980 (Transformational leadership) (Charismatic leadership) (Visionary leadership) (Cultural leadership) (Transformational Leadership) (Burns, 1978) (Transformational leaders) (Transactional leaders) (Exchange process) ( , 2544) 2) (Basss Theory of Transformational Leadership) (Bass, 1985) 2 (Transactional leaders) (Transformational leaders) 1) 2) 3) (Higher order needs) 1.1 (Bass, 1985) (Charisma) (Empower) 1.2 (Transformational and transactional behaviors) 2 4 3 2.6: (Transformational Behaviors) - - (Idealized influence) (Individualized consideration) - (Inspirational - (Intellectual motivation) - stimulation) (Transactional Behaviors) - (Contingent rewards) - -- (Active management by exception) - -- (Passive management by exception) - (Laissez-faire leadership) : Northouse, 2001: 133 (Bass, 1985) 3 (Charisma) (Intellectual stimulation) (Individual consideration) ( (Idealized influence) (Bass and Avolio, 1990) (Inspirational motivation) 2 (Contingent reward) (Passive management by exception) (Bass & Avolio, 1990 a) 2 (Active management by exception) (Laissez-faire) ( ) (Non leadership) 3 2.7 2.7: : Northouse, 2001: 136 2.8 (, ) ( ) , (Ends) (Means) (Leading) (Managing) : Yukl, 1998: 346 2.2 3 1 28 2498 6 1. " " 2543 1 2 (computer terminal) 3 - 1 1 2 2 4 32 5 52 ( ) 2. The Road Ahead 2538 It Takes a Village 39 27 Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 3. Business @ the Speed of Thought 2542 3 3.1 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.2.4 (E-Learning) 3.2.5 3.2.6 3.2.7 3.3 2551 3.13.4 3.1 2551 .. 1 2 3 4 5 6 x x x x x x x7 x 4 4.1 4.1.1 28 ..1955 Berkshire Hathaway, First Interstate Bank, Pacific Northwest Bell United Way 1 3 (Computer terminal) - 1 1 2 2 3 2 4 28,000 74 50,000 Business @ the Speed of Thought ..1999 25 60 The Road Ahead New York Times 7 1 .. 1994 3 ( 26 .. 1996) ( 23 .. 1999) ( 14 .. 2002) 3 32 2 2 The Road Ahead 2538 Business @ the Speed of Thought 2542 39 27 .. 2008 Foundation 2543 8 34, 000 3,360 30, 000 8 16,500 100 3 1. ** Bill & Melinda Gates 264.5 2. ** 287 3. ** 1, 370 2 .. 2005 "KBE" (Knight Commander of The British Empire) " 400" .. 1993-2005 .. 1996 .. 1998-2005 :.. 1996 - 18.5 1 .. 1997 - 36.4 2 ( ).. 1998 - 51.0 1.. 1999 - 90.0 1 .. 2000 - 60.0 1 .. 2001 - 58.7 1 .. 2002 - 52.8 1 .. 2003 - 40.7 1 .. 2004 - 46.6 1 .. 2005 - 46.5 1 .. 2006 - 46.5 1 .. 2000 ..2004 28,000 2006 27 ..2008 52 8 1 4.1.2 .. 2005 .. 2005 (Royal Institute of Technology) .. 2002 100 .. 2001, .. 1999 2 100 , .. 1999 1 50 , .. 1998 28 100 , .. 1997 , .. 1994 Eristalis gatesi 4.24.3 4.4 1 13 50,000 2 Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Bringing innovations in health and learning to the global community " " Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 29,000 ( The Road Ahead Business @ the Speed of Thought "" Bill & Melinda Gates 10,500 30% 70% 100 4.5 4.6 4.7 "E-Corporation" enterprise software Woolsworth Sears Wal-Mart 1962 Supply-chain 4.4 (E-Learning) 1. (Information Superhighway) 2. 3. (Mass Production Education) (Tailor-made Education) 4. (Multimedia) (CD Rom) Internet World Wide Web 5. Web Site (interactive network) 6. 1 (Coach) 2 (Partner) 3 (Creative Outlet) 4 7. Email E-mail 3 140 30 .. 2548 4.5 6 27,000 1 4.6 500 1 2 3 (The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation) 125 5 24 3.9 20 6.6 ..2545 4.7 4.7.1 5 6 4.7.2 ... 4.7.3 4.7.4 4.7.5 (Strategy) IBM 4.7.6 4.7.7 4.7.8 4.7.9 4.7.10 4.7.11 4.7.12 4.7.13 4.7.14 4.7.15 "" " " 19 20 21 4.7.16 4.7.17 4.7.18 ""? 40, 000 2 80,000 2010 56.3 75 17.7 3 2 3 4.7.19 4.7.20 Microsoft 4.7.21 4.7.22 2543 8 34, 000 3,360 30,000 8 16,500 100 27 2008 52 8 1 4.7.23 4.7.24 IBM (PC) 6 4.7.25 Microsoft 5 Microsoft 2003 5 Windows Moviemaker Digital Plus Microsoft.com 5 (time out) Moviemaker 5 45 Media... / movie.../ movie maker... Amir Moviemaker movie maker ( moviemaker) search 6 Windows Update hot fix 4.7.26 4.7.27 4.7.28 4.7.29 2543 8 34, 000 3,360 30,000 8 16,500 100 "" 5 (Content Analysis) (Contextual Analysis) (Documentary Research) (Descriptive) 5.1 5.2 (Transnational Leadership) 3 5.2.1 (Charisma) 5.2.2 (Intellectual Stimulation) Consideration) 5.2.3 (Individual 5.3 (The development leadership model of Bill Gates) (Transnational Leadership) 1. 2. (Role Modeling) 3. (Individualized consideration) (Corporate Culture) (Ethical Leadership) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ., SBP 605 : , 2550 . . , SBP 601 : , 2550 . , , 2543 Bill Gates: The Road Ahead, 1995Bill Gates: Business @ the Speed of Thought, 1999 - 15 2551 http://gotoknow.org/blog/udomflash/100535 17 2551 http://www.arip.co.th/2006/news.php?id=102915 3 Virtual Meeting 11 2551 http://www.arip.co.th/news.php?id=403910 . : 1 2551 http://www.artgazine.com/shoutouts/viewtopic.php?t=3080&view=next&sid=3148672e00bd07472d3116e12 2a2803e : 18 2547 1 2551 http://www.weareit.net/smf/index.php?topic=1666.0 2008 19 2551 http://www.newswit.com/news/2006-0616/61657ea9dd0b5b2b5c46c940ad848045/ '' 19 2551 http://www.thannews.th.com/detialnews.php? id=M3123341&issue=2334 14 2551 http://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A %E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0 %B9%8C_ %E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A A%E0%B9%8C . : " " 22 2551 http://www.matichon.co.th/prachachat/prachachat_detai l.php?s_tag=02edi07110851&day=2008-0811ionid=0212 - , - MBA, Business Management, Lake Forest Graduate School of Management, Illinois USA - , ..2539-2540 ..2541-2542 ..2546-2548 ..2548-2550 () () ()