#DebateBroward

AST/MAST Legislation2nd Semester, Spring 2019

JANUARY 2019 LEGISLATION 2

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A Resolution to Develop and Deploy IRBMs to East AsiaA Resolution to Prioritize the Replacement of Traffic Light Intersections with Roundabouts A Bill to Cease All Arms Sales to TaiwanA Resolution to Restrict the Use of Confidential Informants

FEBRUARY 2019 LEGISLATION 6

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A Resolution to Aid Venezuela’s Government with Their Ongoing Economic CrisisA Resolution to End Shark FinningA Resolution to Increase Development Assistance to the Democratic People’s Republic of KoreaA Resolution to Allow NASA to Extract Energy from Yellowstone to Save the World

MARCH 2019 LEGISLATION 10

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A Resolution to Ban Single-Use Plastic Bags in Grocery Stores to Reduce Environmental HarmA Resolution to Abolish Plea Bargaining in the United StatesA Resolution to Rejoin the Paris Climate Accord Agreement A Resolution to Use Targeted Sanctions Against those Responsible for Genocide in Myanmar

APRIL 2019 LEGISLATION 14

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A Bill to Establish a Federal Ban on the Use of Cellular Phones in Primary and Secondary Schools to Bolster US Educational AchievementA Bill to Mandate the use of Carbon Dioxide Scrubbers to Increase Air PurityA Bill to Subsidize Guardians To Incentivize Family A Bill to Increase Funding to the US’ Points of Entry 17

January 2019AResolutiontoDevelopandDeployIRBMstoEastAsia

WHEREAS, TheIntermediate-RangeNuclearForces(INF)Treatyledtothe1

destructionofallUSintermediaterangeballisticmissiles(IRBMs);and2

WHEREAS, TheUnitedStatesdefinesIRBMsasballisticmissileswithrangesbetween3

1000and5500km;and4

WHEREAS, China,beinganon-partytotheINF,hasamassedanarsenalofhundreds5

ofsuchIRBMs,includingground-launchedcruisemissiles(GLCMs);and6

WHEREAS, China’smilitarycapabilitiesthreatensignificantportionsofEastAsia,7

includingtheSouthChinaSea,andwarranttakingdefensiveand8

premeditativemeasures;and9

WHEREAS, ChineseIRBMsarewithinstrikingdistanceofUSarmybasesthroughout10

theregion,suchasinJapan,andcanrendertheUSnavalpresenceinEast11

Asiaobsolete;now,therefore,beit12

RESOLVED, BytheCongresshereassembledthattheUnitedStatesrestart13

developmentandbegindeploymentofIRBMsinEastAsia.14

Thank you toJasperHighSchooland the Texas Forensic Association for authoring this legislation15

January 2019AResolutiontoPrioritizetheReplacementofTrafficLight

IntersectionswithRoundaboutsWHEREAS, Personalvehiclesaccountforone-fifthofallUScarbonemissions,1

producing24poundsofcarbondioxideandgreenhousegasespergallon;2

and3

WHEREAS, Oil-relatedemissionsareincreasingastheindustryincreasesextraction4

andrefinementofalternateoilsources;and5

WHEREAS, Avoidingunnecessaryoilemissionscanbeasmallsteptowardsalarger6

solution;and7

WHEREAS, Roundaboutintersectionsreduceidlingtimeofvehicles,decreasing8

emissions;and9

WHEREAS, Intersectionsconvertedtoroundaboutsareabletoreducevehicle10

accidentsandinjuriesstemmingfromthoseaccidents;and11

WHEREAS, Theconstructionofaroundaboutismorecosteffectivethanatraditional12

trafficlightintersection;now,therefore,beit13

RESOLVED, BytheCongresshereassembledthatfuturefederalinfrastructure14

prioritizethereplacementoftrafficlightintersectionswithroundabouts.15

Thank you to Byron Nelson High School and the Texas Forensic Association for authoring this legislation

January 2019ABilltoCeaseAllArmsSalestoTaiwan

BEITENACTEDBYTHECONGRESSHEREASSEMBLEDTHAT:1

SECTION1. TheU.S.DepartmentofDefensewillpromptlyceaseallarmssalesto2

Taiwan.3

SECTION2. “Arms”isdefinedasartillery,ammunition,tacticalweaponry,or4

specializedweaponry.5

SECTION3. TheDepartmentofDefensewillberesponsiblefortheexecutionofthis6

terminationofarmssales.7

A. TheDepartmentofDefenseshallreceivea$1.5billionemolumentby8

theendofFY2020.9

B. AllarmsintendedtobesoldtoTaiwanwilleitherbeliquidatedor10

soldtoothercountriesastheDepartmentofDefensedeems11

appropriate.12

SECTION4. Thislegislationwillgointoeffectimmediatelyuponpassage.13

SECTION5. Alllawsinconflictwiththislegislationareherebydeclarednullandvoid.14

Thank you to All Saints Episcopal School and the Texas Forensic Association for authoring this legislation

January 2019AResolutiontoRestricttheUseofConfidential

InformantsWHEREAS, lawenforcementofficialshaveincreasinglyreliedonconfidential1

informants(CIs)incriminalinvestigations;and2

WHEREAS, confidentialinformants,commonlyreferredtoas“snitches,”areoften3

drugaddicts,convictedfelons,orothersinvolvedincriminalactivity;and4

WHEREAS, theinformationprovidedbyCIsisnotoriouslyunreliable;and5

WHEREAS, theuseofthisinformationputsthelivesbothinnocentciviliansand6

policeofficersinjeopardywhenusedtoserveno-knockwarrants7

commonlyusedindrugenforcement;and8

WHEREAS, theuseofpleabargaininginthecriminaljusticesystemfurther9

exacerbatestheharmsofconfidentialinformantsasfalsetestimonyby10

confidentialinformantsisrarelychallenged;and11

WHEREAS, policehaveoftenviewedCIsasexpendable,andtakenunnecessaryrisks,12

leadingtothedeathsofnumerousconfidentialinformants;and13

WHEREAS, manyCIsareteensworkingwithouttheconsentofparentsbecause14

policeofficershavepreyedontheirfears;now,therefore,beit15

RESOLVED, BytheCongresshereassembledthattheuseofconfidentialinformants16

shouldbelimitedexclusivelytofederalinterstateoperationsagainst17

organizedcriminalsyndicates.18

Thank you to James E Taylor High School and the Texas Forensic Association for authoring this legislation

February 2019AResolutiontoAidVenezuela’sGovernmentwith

TheirOngoingEconomicCrisisWHEREAS, TheUnitedStateshasonlymandatedhumanitarianaidtothepeopleand1

notthegovernment;and2

WHEREAS, Otherinstitutionsintheinternationalcommunityhavemandatedfunds3

inordertosolvetheongoingcrisisliketheEuropeanCommissionwhich4

hasgiven$47milliontotheVenezuelangovernment;and5

WHEREAS, Venezuelansarenowfleeingthecountrytootherborderingnationsin6

LatinAmericacausingapotentialrefugeecrisis;and7

WHEREAS, ThisisstrainingtheeconomiesofotherLatinAmericancountries;and8

WHEREAS, TheU.S.hasmandatedaidtogovernmentsofthedevelopingworldinthe9

pastanditisnowVenezuela’sturn;now,therefore,beit10

RESOLVED, BytheCongresshereassembledthattheUnitedStatesshouldgive11

economicaidtotheVenezuelangovernmentinordertohelptheir12

ongoingeconomiccrisis.13

Thank you to Clark High School and the Texas Forensic Association for authoring this legislation

February 2019AResolutiontoEndSharkFinning

WHEREAS, Between100millionand200millionsharksarekilledeveryyearfortheir1

fins;and2

WHEREAS, Sharkpopulationshavedecreased60to90percentinjustthepast103

yearsbecauseofthesharkfintrade;and4

WHEREAS, Longliningthreatenstheexistenceofmostsharkspecies;and5

WHEREAS, Therapiddepopulationofsharkshasallowedpreyspecies,suchasmanta6

rays,toincreaseinnumbers,whichhasledtoover-feedingofsmaller7

preyspecies,eradicatinglargeportionsofglobalmolluskpopulations;8

and9

WHEREAS, SharkfinningviolatestheUnitedNation’sFoodandAgriculture10

Organization’sCodeofConductforResponsibleFisheries;now,11

therefore,beit12

RESOLVED, BytheCongresshereassembledpasstheSharkFinTradeEliminationAct;13

and,beit14

FURTHERRESOLVED,ThattheUnitedStatesemployeconomicsanctionsagainstnations15

whichdonotbanthetradeofsharkfins.16

Thank you to Tascosa High School and the Texas Forensic Association for authoring this legislation

February 2019AResolutiontoIncreaseDevelopmentAssistancetothe

DemocraticPeople’sRepublicofKorea

WHEREAS, ThegovernmentofNorthKoreahasshownaconsistentdedicationto1

democracyanddenuclearizationeffortswithinthepeninsula;and2

WHEREAS, Economicembargoesandsanctionsagainstthegovernmenthaveproven3

ineffectiveinreducinghumanrightsabuses;and4

WHEREAS, Alackofglobalinvestmenthasresultedinwidespreadfamineand5

economicinequality;and6

WHEREAS, ChinahasthecapabilitytoshiftpoliciesintheregionduetoNorth7

Korea’seconomicrelianceonthecountry;and8

WHEREAS, ThepeopleofNorthKoreahavelimitedaccesstothetrilliondollarsin9

naturalresourcespresentwithinthecountry;and10

WHEREAS, ThegovernmentofSouthKoreahasshownaclearwillingnessto11

normalizerelationswiththeNorthKoreangovernment;now,therefore,12

beit13

RESOLVED, BytheCongresshereassembledmakethefollowingrecommendationto14

increaseinfrastructuralassistanceaidtotheDemocraticPeople’s15

RepublicofKoreaby$500millionoverthenextfiveyears.16

Thank you to Theodore Roosevelt High School and the Texas Forensic Association for authoring this legislation

February 2019AResolutiontoAllowNASAtoExtractEnergyfrom

YellowstonetoSavetheWorld

WHEREAS, NASA,particularlytheNASAAdvisoryonPlanetaryDefensehasplansto1

constructgeothermalpowerplants,receivingsafeandreliableenergy2

fromtheYellowstonesupervolcano;and3

WHEREAS, thethreatofasupervolcanoeruptioncausingcatastrophicdamageto4

humansandpropertyisatanall-timehigh.Yellowstoneislongoverdue5

andcaneruptatanymoment;and6

WHEREAS, theuseofgeothermalpowerplantsintheregionwilllowertheinternal7

temperature,effectivelyloweringtheriskoferuption;and8

WHEREAS, Yellowstoneiscapableofpoweringtheentireplanettwiceoverandcan9

providepowertothesurroundingregionsfortensofthousandsofyears;10

and11

WHEREAS, Geothermalenergyisbetterfortheplanetcomparedtoitsgreenhouse12

gasproducingcounterparts;and13

WHEREAS, Extractinggeothermalenergywillreducetheriskofcatastrophe;now,14

therefore,beit15

RESOLVED, BytheCongresshereassembledthatBytheCongresshereassembled16

thatNASAwillbeallowedtobuildgeothermalpowerplantsinthe17

Yellowstoneregion,andanynecessaryfunding,willbeallocated18

Thank you to Gregory-Portland ISD and the Texas Forensic Association for authoring this legislation

March 2019A Resolution to Ban Single-Use Plastic Bags in Grocery Stores to Reduce Environmental Harm

WHEREAS, themajorityofAmericangrocerystoresadaptsingle-useplasticbagsfor1

theircustomers;and2

WHEREAS, anaverageof380billionsingle-useplasticbagsisusedyearlyinthe3

UnitedStatesandtheproductionofitrequires12millionbarrelsofoila4

year;and5

WHEREAS, only1to5percentofitisrecycledayearand38%ofallplasticbagsin6

theUnitedStatesendupintheocean;and7

WHEREAS, thereisanaverageof46,000pieceofplasticdebrispersquaremileof8

ocean,andisresponsibleforkillingupto100,000marineanimalsayear;9

therefore,sobeit10

RESOLVED,11

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That the Congress here assembled to eliminate the production and

distributionofsingle-useplasticbagforallgrocerystoresintheUnited

Statesanditsterritories.13

Thank you to Boerne Samuel V. Champion High School and the Texas Forensic Association for authoring this legislation

March 2019AResolutiontoAbolishPleaBargainingintheUnitedStates

WHEREAS, Morethan90%ofcourtcasesendinpleabargain;and1

WHEREAS, According to a University of Michigan study, African Americans and2

Latinos are less successful at getting their sentences reduced via plea3

bargain;and4

WHEREAS, When comparedwith their white peers, people of color end up facing5

longerprisonsentencesforlessercrimes;and6

WHEREAS, Eveniftheyareinnocent,toooftendefendantspleadguiltywithoutfully7

understandingtheirlegalrights;now,therefore,beit8

RESOLVED, By the Congress here assembled that the United States should abolish9

plea-bargaining.10

Thank you to Prosper High School and the Texas Forensic Association for authoring this legislation

March 2019

AResolutiontoRejointheParisClimateAccordAgreement

WHEREAS, InSeptemberof2016TheUnitedStatesheldaconferencewithover1901

nationswhomallagreedtotheagreement(withtheexceptionsofRussia2

TurkeyIranandColombia);andonJune1stof2017TheUnitedStates3

withdrewfromtheaccordsunderanewexecutiveadministrationwe4

havecontradictedourstanceonfightingclimatechange.5

WHEREAS, TheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceExploration(NASA)warnthatIf6

fossil-fuelburningcontinuesatabusiness-as-usualrate,suchthat7

humanityexhauststhereservesoverthenextfewgenerations,CO2will8

continuetorisetolevelsoforderof1500ppm.Theatmospherewould9

thennotreturntopre-industriallevelseventensofthousandsofyears10

intothefuture.;andhaveirreversibleeffectstotheenvironment.11

WHEREAS, ThenegativeeffectofrejoiningtheParisClimateAgreementdoesnot12

existtothecapacitythathasbeenspreadwithinthemediaandbythe13

executivebranchwhounfairlyfavorsbusinessovertheenvironment,14

RESOLVED, BytheCongresshereassembledthatTheUnitedStatesrejointhe15

internationalcommunitiesapproachtostoppingclimatechangeby16

RejoiningtheParisclimateagreement.17

Thank you to Klein Oak High School and the Texas Forensic Association for authoring this legislation

March 2019AResolutiontoUseTargetedSanctionsAgainstthose

Responsiblefor GenocideinMyanmarWHEREAS, ThestateofMyanmariscommittinggrossatrocitiesagainstitspeople;1

and2

WHEREAS, AccordingtotheNewYorkTimes,Myanmar’smilitarysystematically3

plannedagenocidalcampaigntoridthecountryofRohingyaMuslims,4

includingtheexodusofapproximately700,000RohingyaMuslimsto5

Bangladeshlastyearafteracampaignofmassslaughter,rapeandvillage6

burnings;and7

WHEREAS, Myanmarwillcontinuetocommitatrocitiesunlessthiscalculated8

genocideisstopped;and9

WHEREAS, Suchtargetedsanctionshavehistoricalprecedenceforsuccessin10

Myanmar;now,therefore,beit11

RESOLVED, BytheCongresshereassembledthattargetedsanctionsagainstthe12

Myanmarofficialsresponsibleforthisgenocidebeimplemented.13

Thank you to Sudan High School and the Texas Forensic Association for authoring this legislation

April 2019ABilltoEstablishaFederalBanontheUseofCellularPhonesinPrimaryandSecondarySchoolstoBolsterUS

EducationalAchievementBEITENACTEDBYTHECONGRESSHEREASSEMBLEDTHAT:1

SECTION1. TheDepartmentofEducation(DoE)shallrecommendthatstudents2

undertheageofsixteenshallnotusecellulardevicesduringschoolhours3

whileonprimaryandsecondaryeducationcampuses.Exceptionsshall4

applytoemergencysituationsoreducationalpurposesasdeterminedby5

campusadministration.Statesandschooldistrictselectingtoadoptthis6

policywillreceiveaportionofallocatedgrantfunds.7

SECTION2. Acellularphoneisdefinedasamobilesystemusedasa8

telecommunicationdevicewiththeoptionofadditionalcapabilitiessuch9

astextmessagingandinternetaccess.10

SECTION3. TheDoEshalloverseetheimplementationandenforcementofthe11

CellularPhonesbanalongwiththedistributionoffunding12

A. TheDoEStudentSupportandAcademicEnrichmentgrantsshall13

allocate$150milliontoawardtoschooldistrictselectingtoadopta14

CellularPhonesban.15

SECTION4. ThisshallgointoeffectatthebeginningofFY2021.16

SECTION5. Alllawsinconflictwiththislegislationareherebydeclarednullandvoid.17

Thank you to Canyon High School and the Texas Forensic Association for authoring this legislation

April 2019ABilltoMandatetheuseofCarbonDioxideScrubbers

toIncreaseAirPurityBEITENACTEDBYTHECONGRESSHEREASSEMBLEDTHAT:1

SECTION1. TheUnitedStateswillmandatethatallbusinesseswithafactoryor2

warehouselargerthan20,000squarefeetwillimplementacarbon3

dioxidescrubber(CO2scrubber)withinthatfactoryorwarehouse.4

SECTION2. Carbonsequestrationisanecessarycomponentofairpurityinthefuture5

andmustbetreatedassuch.CarbonDioxideScrubbingshallbedefined6

asaformofcarboncapturethattakesplaceafterfossilfuelshavebeen7

combusted,butbeforetheexhaustisreleasedintotheair.8

SECTION3. TheDepartmentofLaborwillworkinconjunctionwiththeDepartment9

ofEnergytoenforcethislegislation.$20billioninfundswillbeallocated10

frombothdepartmentstohelpoverseetheimplementationofthese11

scrubbers.12

A. Therewillbeaperiodof2yearsamnestyforbusinessestoimplement13

theCO2scrubbersthattheymustpayforthemselves.14

SECTION4. ThislawwillbestrictlyenforcedbyJanuary1,2020andenacted15

immediatelyuponpassage.16

SECTION5. Alllawsinconflictwiththislegislationareherebydeclarednullandvoid.17

Thank you to Lamar High School and the Texas Forensic Association for authoring this legislation

April 2019ABilltoSubsidizeGuardiansToIncentivizeFamily

BEITENACTEDBYTHECONGRESSHEREASSEMBLEDTHAT:1

SECTION1. All legal guardians who have born or adopted a child will receive an 2

annual subsidy up to $2,000 with an added $1,000 per child.3

SECTION2. A guardian shall be a U.S. citizen who is over the age of 18 with legal 4

custody over the child according to court or by birth.5

SECTION3.The U.S. Department of Health & Human Services shall oversee the 6

implementation of this bill. 7

A. Any person without legal guardianship of the child shall be barred8

from any of the benefits of this bill.9

B. Funding will come from the 68.4 billion dollars in HHS FY 201910

budget.11

SECTION4. This bill will go into effect January 1, 202012

SECTION5. Alllawsinconflictwiththislegislationareherebydeclarednullandvoid.13

Thank you to Leander High School and the Texas Forensic Association for authoring this legislation

April 2019ABilltoIncreaseFundingtotheUS’PointsofEntry

BEITENACTEDBYTHECONGRESSHEREASSEMBLEDTHAT:1

SECTION1. Anincreaseinfundingtoall328pointsofentrylocatedalongthe2

nationalbordersofthecontinentalUnitedStateswouldallowfor3

maximizationofefficiencyineconomyandresidencyofnewcitizens.4

SECTION2. “PointsofEntry”shallbedefinedasplacesalongtheUSborderthata5

citizen,morespecifically,frominternationalbodiesmaylawfullyenter6

theUnitedStates.7

SECTION3. TheUnitedStatesDepartmentofHomelandSecurity,furtherwiththe8

UnitedStatesCitizenshipandImmigrationServiceswilloverseethe9

implementationofthisbill.10

A. InthecurrentstateoftheUnitedStates,theportsofentryarelimited11

inthefactthattheydecreaseefficiencywithalackoftechnology.12

B. Thefederalgovernmentshallaidallborderstatesinallocatingfunds13

toincreasetechnologyandprovideadequateresourcestobettersuit14

theever-presentneedfordrasticupdatesanddramaticrevampson15

thePortsofEntrylocatedinallborderstatesoftheUS.16

SECTION4. Thislegislationshallbeimplementednolaterthanthefiscalyear2020.17

SECTION5. Alllawsinconflictwiththislegislationareherebydeclarednullandvoid.18

Thank you to Andrews High School and the Texas Forensic Association for authoring this legislation