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Art AppreciationArt AppreciationWhat is Art History?What is Art History?

Gardner’s “Art Through the Ages”Gardner’s “Art Through the Ages”IntroductionIntroduction

ArchitectureArchitecture SculptureSculpture Pictorial Arts (painting, drawing, print Pictorial Arts (painting, drawing, print

making, photography)making, photography) Craft Arts (objects of utility; ex. Craft Arts (objects of utility; ex.

Ceramics, jewelry, textiles)Ceramics, jewelry, textiles) Machine and machine produced Machine and machine produced

objects belong to the history of objects belong to the history of technologytechnology

What we consider art:What we consider art:

Chronology (date/how old is it?)Chronology (date/how old is it?) Provenance (place of origin/region)Provenance (place of origin/region) Style (period or culture/”ism”Style (period or culture/”ism” Iconography and subject matter Iconography and subject matter

(portrait, landscape, historical, genre, (portrait, landscape, historical, genre, still life etc)still life etc)

Attribution (who made it)Attribution (who made it) Who paid for it? (patrons)Who paid for it? (patrons) Meaning, cause, contextMeaning, cause, context

Historical categories Historical categories historians use to arrange historians use to arrange objects in time:objects in time:

Measuring scale of historical Measuring scale of historical timetime

Art looks different from one Art looks different from one period to the nextperiod to the next..

ChronologyChronology

Classification of place by originClassification of place by origin Style can have regional variationsStyle can have regional variations Can allow us to see the spread of Can allow us to see the spread of

certain styles to various regionscertain styles to various regions

ProvenanceProvenance

Time period when a work of art was Time period when a work of art was made has everything to do with its made has everything to do with its style (look)style (look)

Style of a work of art is a function of Style of a work of art is a function of its historical periodits historical period

Style and Stylistic Style and Stylistic ChangeChange

Iconography literally means “writing Iconography literally means “writing of images”of images”

Symbols can be derived from images, Symbols can be derived from images, and an image may have symbolic and an image may have symbolic significancesignificance

What the work of art is about, the What the work of art is about, the story or narrative, scene presented, story or narrative, scene presented, person involved, environment and its person involved, environment and its detailsdetails

Iconography and Iconography and Subject MatterSubject Matter

Pictorial subject matter can be broadly Pictorial subject matter can be broadly separated intoseparated into ReligiousReligious HistoricalHistorical MythologicalMythological Genre (scenes from everyday life)Genre (scenes from everyday life) PortraitPortrait LandscapeLandscape Still LifeStill Life

Documentary evidence: Documentary evidence: signatures, dates on work and signatures, dates on work and artists own writings. artists own writings.

Who made Who made it?/Attributionit?/Attribution

School: often, not always, artists School: often, not always, artists are influenced by their masters, are influenced by their masters, and then influence or are and then influence or are influenced by fellow artists influenced by fellow artists working in similar styles at the working in similar styles at the same time or place (this is a same time or place (this is a chronological and stylistic chronological and stylistic classification with regards to classification with regards to place/origin)place/origin)

Did someone commission the artist to Did someone commission the artist to create the work? (patron)create the work? (patron)

Who paid for it?Who paid for it?

Involves both the sensibilities of a Involves both the sensibilities of a sculptor and painter and must be able sculptor and painter and must be able to use the tools and instruments of a to use the tools and instruments of a mathematician.mathematician.

Architecture:Architecture:

Relief: figures projecting from a Relief: figures projecting from a background from which they are a part background from which they are a part ofof

High-Relief vs. Low (bas) reliefHigh-Relief vs. Low (bas) relief In the roundIn the round

Categories and terms in Categories and terms in SculptureSculpture

Subtractive: carving, reduction of Subtractive: carving, reduction of original massoriginal mass

Additive: built up (usually clay), make Additive: built up (usually clay), make a shape, create a molda shape, create a mold

More on sculpture….More on sculpture….

Form & CompositionForm & Composition Material & TechniqueMaterial & Technique LineLine ColorColor TextureTexture Space, Mass, VolumeSpace, Mass, Volume Perspective & ForeshorteningPerspective & Foreshortening Proportion & ScaleProportion & Scale Carving & CastingCarving & Casting Relief Sculpture (high, low)Relief Sculpture (high, low)

Words art Historians Words art Historians use:use:

Rubens, Lion Hunt, 1617 Rubens, Lion Hunt, 1617 (example of foreshortening)(example of foreshortening)

Lorrain, Embarkation of the Lorrain, Embarkation of the Queen, 1648 (example of Queen, 1648 (example of perspective)perspective)

Color ChartColor Chart

David, MichelangeloDavid, Michelangelo

Marilyn Diptych, Marilyn Diptych, WarholWarhol

Pollock, Number 1 (Lavender Mist)Pollock, Number 1 (Lavender Mist)