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© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Animatio
n& Video
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Animation
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
“Animation can enhance your multimedia applications by significantly improving learning, motivation, and attitudes and to reducing the time needed for learning. An animation gives apparent life to a graph by representing a series of images that change over time. This motion resembles a video sequence, except that an artist creates that animation with a computer tool or sequence of manual drawings rather than a film of real objects in motion. For this reason, you may find video production easier than animation.”
Walsh, 1995, p. 166
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
High labor requirements tend to make animations a costly type of resource. Nontrivial animations usually require a labor-intensive process to complete.
You can buy many generic animation clips on CD-ROM that will enhance multimedia presentations and productions. However, it can be difficult finding ones that meet specific needs.
Some Considerations
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
More and more animations are appearing on the Internet. These can be simple animated gifs, or more sophisticated VRML sites. Just as with sound on the Internet, animation files must first be downloaded to the client computer, and then they are played. We will also examine the streaming of animation/video when we examine multimedia on the Internet.
Don’t Forget the Web!
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
mouse
from a CD-ROM
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Animated Gifs
from the Web
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
VR
from the Web
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
from the Web
VR
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Video Screen Capture
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
from the Internet
made with Digital Morph
2.7 MB
Morph
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Morph
43.8 MB!!!43.8 MB!!!
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Warp
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Video
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
“Video can be the most stimulating element of multimedia because it includes the simultaneous playback of graphic images with synchronized sound. Video is the real life element of multi-media. When video is playing on the screen, a person’s attention will more likely be captivated than with the other elements. The video subtopic presents information about video techniques, compression, uses of video, computer generated effects and file formats.”
Sprankle and Johnson
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Who hasn’t wanted
to do this !!!
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Typical Video Production System
Digital
IEEE 1394Firewire (Mac)i.Link (Sony)
or USB 2.0
DVD
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Need a digital camera to capture image
Need a 1394 card for the computer or a USB 2.0 port
Need a 1394 or USB cable to connect the digital camera to the computer
ANDSoftware to
transfer/capture the video information
ANDSoftware to
transfer/capture the video information
6-pin 4-pin
Transferring Analog Video to a Computer
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Transferring Analog Video to a Computer
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Need an analog camera to capture image
Need a video capture device for the computer
Need a specific cables to connect the analog camera to the computer
RCA
S-video
ANDSoftware to
transfer/capture the video information
ANDSoftware to
transfer/capture the video information
Transferring Analog Video to a Computer
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Transferring Analog Video to a Computer
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
ANDSoftware to
play/capture the video information
ANDSoftware to
play/capture the video information
Need a coaxial cable to connect Time-Warnerto the computerCoaxial
Cable
Need a video capture device for the computer
TV
Tuner
Transferring Analog Video to a Computer
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Transferring Analog Video to a Computer
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
QuickCam (Mac & PC)
USB port
640 x 480 window (max)
5 KHz sampling rate
15 fps (max)
Webcam Video Input Devices
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Note: It can also be used for still graphics
Note: It can also be used for still graphics
Webcam Video Input Devices
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Sanyo MM-7400
USB port + Transfer software
175 x 145 window
30 seconds “economy” (max)
15 seconds “rich” (max)
Multimedia Cell Phones
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Note: It can also be used for still graphics
Note: It can also be used for still graphics
Multimedia Cell Phones
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
FILEFORMATS
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Animation/Video Files .AVI (PC)
.MOV (Mac)
.MPeG
.3g2
.GIF (Office2000/XP/2003/2007 & Browsers)
.SCM (Lotus)
.SWF (Shockwave)
.RA (streaming)
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
SOFTWARE
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Basically there are three typesof software to:
Create/Capture
Edit
Play Note: These are not mutually exclusive.
Note: These are not mutually exclusive.
Animation/Video Software
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
GIF Construction Set - www.mindworkshop.com/alchemy/gifcon.html
Kai’s Power Tools ($125) & Digital Morph ($19) -
Camtasia ($299)- www.techsmith.com/products/studio/default.asp
Animation Creation Software
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
• Purpose of this software is to capture, and compress video, and to interleave it with incoming audio.
• May be bundled with video capture hardware.
• Range in price and functionality:– Mid Range – Pinnacle Studio– High End – Adobe Premiere
Video Creation Software
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
VIDEOCOMPRESSION
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
• Uncompressed video takes huge amounts of storage space.
• With compression, anywhere up to to 72 minutes of MPEG quality compressed video will fit on a CD-ROM.
• Because of low bandwidth, the Web requires “streaming” video such as RealVideo, VIVO, or Shockwave.
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
• Popular Codecs include Cinepack, Indeo, Indeo Interactive, RLE, and Microsoft Video.
• Purpose is to eliminate redundant video artifacts/data via prediction between frames.
• Keep user platform in mind when choosing a Codec.
CODEC - COmpression/DECompression
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Streamed
MediaRevisite
d
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
HHigh Compressionigh Compression
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Consider the following example:
Floppy (.AVI – 8.9MB) Floppy (56k – .357MB)
Floppy (LAN – 1.7MB) Floppy (28k – .214MB)
In my computer literacy courses I have used FLOPPY.AVI to demonstrate how a floppy disk drive works. Let's see what happens if I placed this file on a streaming server…
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
In fall 1999, I used Distributed/Distance Leaning to teach EDC500. Since the file sizes were large, I used ScreenCam to narrate my PowerPoint presentations and placed them on a CD-ROM. I recently revised the videos using Camtasia, and, because of widespread broadband connections, I have placed these files on a Web server. Another method could be to stream them using RealPresenter. But since this software does not produce a clear screen image, I rejected it.
Consider the following example:
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
RealNetworks
RealPlayer (free – plus version $20) www.real.com/realsuperpass.html/?pcode=rn&rsrc=header&cpath=realhomeg&src=realhomeg_20050922
Real Producer (free – plus version $200) www.realnetworks.com/products/producer/basic.html
Universal Server (Basic - free – $1,995 serves 4 Mbps streams) forms.real.com/rnforms/products/servers/eval/mbps.html
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Creation /Editing Software
Adobe Premier Pro 1.5 ($699) – (PC & Mac) www.adobe.com/products/premiere/
Movie Maker – comes with Windows Me/XP/Vista
Final Cut Pro ($1,000) - (Mac)www.apple.com/finalcutstudio/finalcutpro/
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
MovieMaker
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Playback SoftwareMedia Player (Windows) - player for AVI and MPG files(New Version!!!)
www.microsoft.com/windows/windowsmedia/en/ download/default.asp
Real Player (PC & Mac) - player for AVI, MPG, and MOV files www.real.com/realsuperpass.html/?pcode=rn&rsrc=header&cpath=realhomeg&src=realhomeg_20050922
Quick Time (PC & Mac) - player for AVI, MPG, and MOV files
www.apple.com/quicktime/
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Animation Sources
I have found the best source for animation to be on CD’s. This is especially true of the supporting materials that publishers are supplying with conventional textbooks. We are presently examining new literacy texts, and all major publishers are producing CD’s to accompany their texts. As may be expected, the quality of these varies greatly. One of our decisions is how to use them - optionally packaged with the books or do we place a copy on the LAN?
EDC 601 Instructional Technologies
© Anthony J. Nowakowski, Ph.D.
Once again, I have found the best source for video to be on CD’s. This is also true of the previously mentioned supporting materials that publishers are supplying with their computer literacy textbooks. Since this a large market and students are already using the computer as a component of these courses, publishers have begun to produce multimedia materials on CD-ROM to supplement their textbooks. This may not be true for other subject areas.
Video Sources